Recessible RFID fastener

Abstract

A radio frequency identification (RFID) fastener includes a radio frequency penetrable body surrounding an RFID module, the RFID module including a microchip for storing data and an electrically coupled antenna. The RFID module is embedded or otherwise secured into the body of the fastener and is configured to receive and transmit radio frequency signals. Optionally, the RFID module may be disposed within a gasket configured to be mounted to a substrate by conventional fasteners, such as, but not limited to, screws, nails, and / or U-shaped nails.

Description

[0001] Related application citation This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 544,997, filed October 20, 2023, and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 527,360, filed July 18, 2023, and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 526,263, filed July 12, 2023.

[0002] References merged U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 544,997, filed October 20, 2023; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 527,360, filed July 18, 2023; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 526,263, filed July 12, 2023, are all incorporated herein by reference as if they were fully set forth herein. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to systems, apparatus, and methods in the field of fasteners, and more specifically to various aspects of systems and methods for fasteners having radio frequency identification (RFID) tags embedded in and / or attached to a portion of the head or body of the fastener. Background Technology

[0004] Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems are a form of wireless communication that uses radio waves to identify and track objects. Conventional RFID tags can be passive, active, or semi-active, and each tag carries a unique identification number; they are programmed during manufacturing to ensure that objects carry a unique identity and description. A typical RFID system includes a reader (or interrogator) and a tag (or transponder). The tag consists of a microchip that stores data and an attached antenna. In use, RFID tags can be attached to an object (i.e., a substrate) and can store or transmit information about the object, such as a unique identification number, the object's status (e.g., open or closed), location, etc.

[0005] There are generally two different methods for communicating with RFID tags—near field and far field—and the main difference between them lies in the reading distance. Near field communication (NFC) transmits data via either inductive coupling or capacitive coupling between the reader and the tag, with inductive coupling being more popular in use. Far field communication (FFC) involves sending and receiving electromagnetic (EM) waves, typically using capacitive coupling (or propagation coupling).

[0006] Conventional passive RFID tags do not have an internal power source; instead, they draw power from the field generated by an external reader and use the energy from the field to power the circuitry of the microchip. In the case of passive RFID, the RFID tag is illuminated by radio frequency waves from the RFID reader. The RFID tag uses the energy from the radio frequency waves to transmit an RFID signal containing the RFID tag's location or other data back to the RFID reader. Conversely, active RFID tags are self-powered by at least one coupled power source (e.g., an exemplary battery) and a transmitter, and are configured to continuously transmit RFID signals containing the RFID tag's location or other data back to the RFID reader. For both active and passive RFID tags, the RFID reader is configured to receive RFID tag information, and software can be used to interpret the information on the tag, such as calculating the tag's location.

[0007] In complex processes of distribution, storage, transportation, and transfer, shipping containers such as pallets are commonly used to stack and transport goods to improve operational efficiency. To facilitate the transport of goods and the allocation of pallets, some vendors deliver goods to customers along with the pallets and retrieve the pallets for the next shipment. However, this practice easily leads to customer complaints. Pallets are shipped to the customer's site by upstream suppliers along with the goods, are typically stored in warehouses, and cannot be retrieved quickly. The pallets returned by suppliers are often reused and worn pallets of the same size. Reused pallets cause losses for upstream suppliers and can lead to disputes. To avoid this situation, some upstream suppliers stack goods directly on the customer's pallets during shipment, allowing for immediate pallet recovery. However, this practice increases costs and reduces operational efficiency.

[0008] Currently, businesses typically use barcodes affixed to pallets or goods when transporting goods using shipping containers such as pallets in their distribution operations. These barcode stickers can be removed from shipping containers intentionally or unintentionally and are generally not designed for extension and reuse. Furthermore, because exemplary pallets are frequently used to hold goods and move them around the factory, barcode stickers are often subjected to impacts and scratches. Consequently, regular barcodes are frequently worn, soiled, or lost, and therefore, the pallet to which the barcode is "attached" may become unreadable or unscannable by the associated product distribution system. In addition, the labor costs of affixing and maintaining barcodes are high, making them unsuitable for large-scale applications. Some vendors have attempted to use RFID on pallets by affixing RFID tags to the surface of the pallets. However, in this method, RFID tags are easily damaged or lost due to impacts during transportation.

[0009] Given the existing technology, there is still a need for a fastener with a passive or active radio frequency identification (RFID) tag embedded and / or attached to a portion of the head and / or body of the fastener, which is configured to be attached to a conventional shipping container, such as an exemplary shipping pallet, such that the RFID tag is protectively recessed into the pallet or otherwise protected when secured to the pallet. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To improve upon existing technology, this document discloses a fastener with novel functionality and a passive or active radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, and a method of using the same, wherein the RFID tag is embedded in and / or attached to a portion of the head and / or body of the RFID fastener. Optionally, the RFID fastener may include a passive or active RFID tag formed in a washer, which may allow installation into a shipping container using conventional fasteners. In any embodiment, the RFID fastener is contemplated to be configured to be mounted to or within a portion of a substrate, such as a selected portion of a conventional package or pallet system.

[0011] In some embodiments, the RFID fastener of this disclosure includes a radio frequency permeable body surrounding a conventional RFID module, the conventional RFID module including a microchip for storing data and an electrically coupled antenna. The microchip is embedded or otherwise secured to the body of the fastener and configured to be electrically coupled to the antenna for receiving and transmitting RF signals. Optionally, the RFID module may include a power source, such as an exemplary battery and / or a transmitter. Alternatively, the RFID module may be attached to an underlying structure via a conventional fastener.

[0012] In operation, in some embodiments, RFID fasteners can be inserted into selected portions of a conventional shipping container (e.g., an exemplary pallet) such that the RFID module of the fastener is recessed into a portion of the pallet, or otherwise positioned below the surface level of the portion of the pallet to which the RFID fastener is attached. The recessed RFID fastener and the pallet to which it is fastened can then be detected and identified by a reader. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the RFID fastener can be attached to a location on the pallet that protects the fastener from conventional wear and tear.

[0013] Other aspects, implementation methods, and advantages of these exemplary aspects and implementation methods are discussed in more detail below. Furthermore, it should be understood that the foregoing information and the following detailed description are merely illustrative examples of various aspects and implementation methods, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and characteristics of the claimed aspects and implementation methods. Therefore, these and other objects, as well as the advantages and features of the invention, will become apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings. Moreover, it should be understood that the features of the various embodiments described herein are not mutually exclusive, but can exist in various combinations and arrangements.

[0014] Brief description of the attached figures The accompanying drawings, incorporated in and forming part of this specification, are intended to provide a further understanding of embodiments of this disclosure, illustrating examples of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description, serving to explain the principles of the implementations discussed herein. Structural details of this disclosure are not shown to the extent necessary to understand the exemplary embodiments discussed herein and their various implementations. By convention, various features in the drawings discussed below are not necessarily drawn to scale. The dimensions of various features and components in the drawings may be enlarged or reduced to more clearly illustrate embodiments of this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 1 An example of an RFID fastener inserted in a standard tray is illustrated, and a magnified view of the RFID fastener is shown.

[0016] Figure 2 The illustration schematically shows one embodiment of an RFID fastener having an RFID module housed within a portion of the shank of the RFID fastener. The RFID fastener is configured to be driven below the surface of a component of a conventional pallet, thereby protecting the RFID module from external environmental influences.

[0017] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 The top perspective view of the RFID fastener shows the RFID module mounted on the shank of the RFID fastener, adjacent to a portion of the fastener's head.

[0018] Figure 4 A perspective view of an RFID fastener is shown, in which the RFID module has been removed from the fastener body.

[0019] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 Side perspective view of an RFID fastener.

[0020] Figure 6 It shows Figure 4 A side front view of an RFID fastener.

[0021] Figure 7 It shows Figure 4 A side front view of an RFID fastener, which surrounds... Figure 6 A side front view of the RFID fastener rotated 90 degrees along its longitudinal axis.

[0022] Figure 8 It shows Figure 4 Top front view of the RFID fastener.

[0023] Figure 9 It shows Figure 4 The bottom front perspective view of the RFID fastener.

[0024] Figure 10 An embodiment of an RFID fastener is illustrated schematically, the RFID fastener having an RFID module disposed on the shank of the fastener adjacent to a portion of the head of the fastener.

[0025] Figure 11A-11C schematically shown Figure 10 Several front views of alternative embodiments of the RFID fastener, the RFID fastener having an RFID module disposed on the fastener adjacent to the head of the fastener within an axis, the RFID fastener being configured to be driven below the surface of the pallet component, such that the RFID module is protected from external environmental influences.

[0026] Figure 12 The illustration schematically shows one embodiment of an RFID fastener having an RFID module disposed within a portion of the head of the RFID fastener.

[0027] Figures 13A-13C schematically shown Figure 12 Several front views of alternative embodiments of the RFID fastener, the RFID fastener having an RFID module disposed within a portion of the head and / or shaft of the fastener, at least a portion of the RFID fastener being configured to be driven below the surface of the pallet component, thereby protecting the RFID module from external environmental influences.

[0028] Figure 14 schematically shown Figure 13B The RFID fastener is driven below the surface of the pallet component, thereby protecting the RFID module located in a portion or head and / or shaft of the driven fastener from external environmental influences.

[0029] Figures 15A-15CAn alternative embodiment of an RFID fastener is illustrated schematically, the RFID fastener having an RFID module disposed within a washer configured for mounting with conventional fasteners, such as, but not limited to, screws, nails, etc. Figure 15A This is a side front view showing a conventional fastener extending through a hole defined in an RFID washer module; Figure 15B It is a top front perspective view; and Figure 15C This is a bottom frontal perspective view.

[0030] Figures 16A-16C An alternative implementation of an RFID fastener is illustrated, the RFID fastener having an RFID module housed within a washer configured for mounting with conventional fasteners, such as, but not limited to, U-shaped staples. Figure 16A This is a side front view showing a conventional fastener extending through a hole defined in an RFID washer module; Figure 16B It is a top front perspective view; and Figure 16C This is a bottom frontal perspective view. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The invention can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description, examples, drawings, and claims, as well as the preceding and following descriptions therein. However, before disclosing and describing the apparatus, system, and / or method of the invention, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific apparatus, system, and / or method disclosed, unless otherwise stated, and therefore variations are naturally possible. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0032] The following description of the invention is provided as a means of carrying out the teachings of the invention, using its best, currently known embodiments. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize and understand that numerous changes can be made to various aspects of the invention described herein while still obtaining the beneficial results of the invention. It will also be apparent that certain intended benefits of the invention can be obtained by selecting certain features of the invention without utilizing others. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that many modifications and adjustments to the invention are possible, and in some cases even desirable and part of the invention. Thus, the following description is provided as an illustrative description of the principles of the invention and not as a limitation thereof.

[0033] As used throughout, unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise, the singular form “a / an / the” includes plural references. Therefore, for example, unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise, a reference to “one thread” can include two or more such threads.

[0034] In this document, a range can be expressed as from “about” a specific value and / or to “about” another specific value. When expressing such a range, another layer of meaning includes from said specific value and / or to said other specific value. Similarly, when a value is expressed as an approximation using the antecedent “about,” it should be understood that the specific value itself also constitutes another layer of meaning. It should be further understood that the endpoints of each range are meaningful both relative to and independent of the other endpoint.

[0035] As used herein, the terms “optional” or “optionally” mean that an event or situation described below may or may not occur, and the description includes instances where the event or situation occurs, as well as instances where it does not occur.

[0036] As used herein, the word “or” means any one member of a particular list, and also includes any combination of members of said list. Furthermore, it should be noted that conditional languages ​​such as “can,” “could,” “might,” or “can” are generally intended to convey that some aspects include certain features, elements, and / or steps while others do not, unless otherwise specifically stated or understood in the context in which they are used. Therefore, such conditional languages ​​are not generally intended to imply that features, components, and / or steps are necessary in any case for one or more particular aspects, or that one or more particular aspects (with or without user input or prompts) must include logic for determining whether such features, components, and / or steps are included in any particular implementation or will be performed therein.

[0037] The wording and terminology used herein are for illustrative purposes and should not be considered restrictive. As used herein, the term "a plurality of" means two or more items or elements. The terms "comprising," "including," "carrying," "having," "comprise," and "involving," whether in the written description or claims, are open-ended terms, meaning "including but not limited to." Therefore, their use implies coverage of the items listed thereafter, their equivalents, and additional items. With respect to any claim, only the transitional phrases "consisting of..." and "substantially consisting of..." are closed or semi-closed transitional phrases, respectively. The use of sequential terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in the claims to modify claim elements does not imply any priority, precedence, or order of one claim element over another, or any chronological order of the actions of the method, but is merely a label used to distinguish one claim element with a certain name from another element with the same name (but using general terminology), thereby differentiating these claim elements.

[0038] This document discloses an embodiment of an RFID fastener having a longitudinal elongation. It should be understood that in other alternative embodiments disclosed herein, the fastener length may vary, as further discussed below.

[0039] This document discloses elements that can be used to perform the disclosed methods and systems. These and other elements are disclosed herein, and it should be understood that while specific references to each of the various individual and collective combinations and arrangements of these elements may not be explicitly disclosed, each element is specifically contemplated and described herein for all methods and systems. This applies to all aspects of this application, including but not limited to the steps in the disclosed methods. Therefore, if multiple additional steps are available, it should be understood that each of these additional steps can be performed using any particular implementation or combination of implementations of the disclosed methods.

[0040] The method and system can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and examples included therein, as well as the accompanying drawings and the descriptions preceding and following them.

[0041] As shown and described herein, this method and system aim to overcome identification problems that occur in conventional technologies by employing RFID that is suitable for and capable of withstanding harsh operating environments. In some embodiments, the RFID fastener of this disclosure includes a radio frequency permeable body surrounding a conventional RFID module, the conventional RFID module including a microchip for storing data and an electrically coupled antenna. The microchip is embedded or otherwise secured to the body of the fastener and is configured to be electrically coupled to the antenna for receiving and transmitting RF signals.

[0042] In some embodiments, the RFID fastener 10 of this disclosure includes a conventional RFID module 12. The RFID module 12 includes a microchip 14 for storing data and an electrically coupled antenna 16. The microchip is electrically coupled to the antenna and includes transmission components for receiving and transmitting RF signals. The microchip of the RFID fastener is configured to be operatively coupled to a reader receiving the same frequency range, which may be, for example, but is not limited to, between about 840-960 MHz, with a standard bit depth. Optionally, the RFID module 12 may be active or passive, but is preferably passive. For active RFID tags, the RFID module 12 will also include at least one power source, such as, but not limited to, a battery, coupled to the microchip, the antenna, and the transmission components for transmitting RF signals.

[0043] For example, conventional pallets, whether made of wood or polymer, typically have a loading surface and multiple support legs to hold the loading surface in place. The most common pallets are wooden pallets and polymer pallets, but pallets made of other materials are also envisioned, provided they allow fasteners to be inserted into or attached to part of the pallet structure. Figure 1 An exemplary conventional tray is illustrated in the diagram.

[0044] exist Figure 2-9 In some exemplary embodiments illustrated, the RFID fastener 10 may extend along a longitudinal axis L and include a fastener body 20 having a coaxially aligned upper portion 30 and a connected lower portion 60. The upper portion 30 of the fastener body includes a head 32 and a first shank portion 34 integrally connected to the distal end 33 of the head 32. The upper portion 30 of the RFID fastener 10 has a cylindrical shape including an outer surface 31. As shown, in this embodiment, it is contemplated that the diameter of the head 32 of the upper portion 30 and the diameter of the first shank portion 34 have the same diameter.

[0045] As shown, the upper portion 30 further includes a helical thread 36 integrally connected to and extending outward from multiple portions of the outer surface of the upper portion. In one aspect, the resulting threaded surface may extend along a predetermined elongation length of the upper portion 30 of the fastener body 20. In an alternative exemplary aspect, the predetermined elongation length may include a distance required to extend from the distal end 38 of the upper portion 30 toward the distal end 33 of the head 32; b) a distance required to extend from the distal end 38 of the upper portion 30 to the proximal end 35 of the head; or c) a distance required to extend from near the distal end 38 of the upper portion to near the proximal end 35 of the head. Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, it is contemplated that the helical thread 36 may extend outward from multiple portions of the outer surface 31 of the upper portion 30 of the fastener body to include the first shank portion 34 and / or multiple portions of the head 32.

[0046] In some embodiments, the pitch of the helical thread 36 may be a coarse pitch to increase pull-out resistance and structural resistance to deformation of the upper portion 30 of the fastener body. In some exemplary aspects, the pitch is generally defined as the millimeter distance between the two threads of the helical thread 36, which may be between about 2.5 and about 6.0, preferably between about 3.0 and 5.5, and more preferably between about 3.5 and about 5. In one exemplary embodiment, the pitch of the helical thread 36 may be about 4.5.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first handle portion 34 further defines a longitudinally extending recess 40 that extends between the vicinity of the distal end of the upper portion and the vicinity of the head of the upper portion. As shown, the recess 40 has an effective depth d1 and a width w1 to complementaryly receive the RFID module 12, such that multiple external portions of the RFID module are positioned below the outer surface 31 of the upper portion 30.

[0048] In some embodiments, the recess 40 has a first wall 42 near the distal end of the head, an opposing second wall 44 near the distal end of the first handle portion of the upper portion, and a base plate 46 extending between the respective first and second walls. In some embodiments, the first wall 42 and the second wall 44 of the recess 40 may be positioned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the RFID fastener. In other embodiments, the base plate 46 of the recess 40 may have a substantially planar shape extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the RFID fastener 10. In one exemplary aspect, the base plate 46 of the recess 40 may have a substantially planar shape coplanar with the longitudinal axis L of the RFID fastener 10.

[0049] In some embodiments, and as shown, the helical thread 36 is integrally connected to and extends outward from a plurality of portions of the outer surface 31 of the upper portion 30 opposite the defining recess 40. Thus, in the upper portion 30 of this embodiment, the helical thread 36 is “interrupted” due to the presence of the recess 40. The resulting “interrupted” helical thread pattern is used to provide additional torsional strength to the portion of the defining recess 40 on the first shank portion 34; for example, the “interrupted” thread serves as a plurality of spaced ribs that structurally support that portion of the defining recess 40 on the first shank portion 34.

[0050] In an optional aspect, the base plate 46 of the recess 40 may include one or more longitudinally extending ribs (not shown) that may extend outwardly across multiple portions of the surface of the base plate 46 between the first wall 42 and the second wall 44 of the recess to increase the torsional rigidity of the upper portion 30 of the fastener body 20. In one example, a pair of opposing ribs positioned on the outer edge of the recess may be positioned to support the elongated edges of the coupled RFID module. It is contemplated that at least one longitudinally extending rib may help minimize or eliminate any deformation of the upper portion of the first shank portion during the installation drive process.

[0051] In some embodiments, the lower portion 60 of the fastener body 20 forms a drilled section 70 having a second shank portion 64 having a distal end 66 and a proximal end 68, the proximal end 68 being coupled to the distal end 38 of the upper portion 30, for example, the proximal end of the second shank portion being coupled to the distal end of the first shank portion. In various aspects, it is contemplated that the first shank portion 34 and the second shank portion 64 are integrally connected together. Thus, as shown, the drilled section 70 of the fastener body 20 is positioned away from the recess 40 defined in the upper portion 30 of the fastener body 20. The drilled section 70 of the fastener body is configured to allow the RFID fastener 10 to drill into the underlying substrate while removing material from the formed hole.

[0052] The second shank portion 64 of the lower portion of the fastener has a cylindrical shape, the outer diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the first shank portion 34 of the upper portion. In some embodiments, the corresponding first shank portions 34 and second shank portions 64 of the fastener body 20 have the same diameter, wherein only the helical thread 36 is integrally connected to and extends outward from a plurality of portions of the outer surface 31 of the upper portion and terminates at a thread tip 37, the effective diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the corresponding first and second portions. Thus, the helical thread 36 is configured to operatively engage the surface of a drilled hole formed by the drilled section 70 of the lower portion of the fastener body.

[0053] The drilling section 70 is provided with at least one cutting edge 72 configured to cut into the surface of a workpiece (e.g., a pallet) to form a circular hole, the diameter of which is substantially equal to the effective diameter of the distal end of the drilling section. The drilling section 70 also defines at least one helical groove 74, which is helically wound around the longitudinal axis of the RFID fastener as it moves proximally from the distal end 66 of the second shank portion. In some embodiments, the at least one helical groove 74 may helically wound from near the distal end 66 of the second shank portion toward the proximal end 68 of the second shank portion. In some embodiments, the at least one helical groove may helically wound from near the distal end 66 of the second shank portion to the proximal end 68 of the second shank portion.

[0054] In some embodiments, at least one helical groove 74 may include multiple grooves, such as, but not limited to, two grooves, three grooves, etc. It is contemplated that the respective grooves among the multiple grooves may be equidistantly spaced around the circumference of the second shank portion of the fastener body. In some embodiments, as exemplarily shown in the figures, it is also contemplated that the effective cross-sectional arc length F of each respective groove 74 is [missing information - likely a number] in the cross-section of the drilled section 70 and at the outer circumference of the second shank portion 60. L They can be basically the same.

[0055] In some embodiments, as exemplarily shown in the figures, the effective cross-sectional arc length F of the corresponding groove 74 may also be anticipated in the cross-section of the drilled section 70 and at the outer circumference of the second shank portion 60. L The effective cross-sectional arc length L of the corresponding platform (land) 76 extending between the slots 74 can be... L Essentially the same. Alternatively, the effective cross-sectional arc length F of the corresponding groove 74 can be expected to be within the cross-section of the drilled section 70 and at the outer circumference of the second shank portion 60. L It can be greater than the effective cross-sectional arc length L of the corresponding platform 76 extending between multiple slots. L Or the effective cross-sectional arc length F of the corresponding groove 74 L It can be less than the effective cross-sectional arc length L of the corresponding platform 76 extending between multiple slots. L .

[0056] As those skilled in the art will understand, each of at least one of the spiral grooves 74 forms a discharge groove 80 extending upward through the drilled section 70, the discharge groove 80 allowing the reception and efficient discharge of multiple material debris cut off by the cutting edge of the drilled section. As shown, it is contemplated that the discharge groove may spiral around the longitudinal axis of the shank as it moves proximally away from the distal end of the drilled section.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first shank portion 34 may be further defined as a channel 39 extending from the distal end of the first shank portion 34 to the recess 40. In this aspect, a portion of the proximal end of the channel 39 is defined in a second wall of the recess. In some embodiments, and as shown, at least a portion of the proximal end of at least one helical groove 74 may be connected to the channel at the distal end of the first shank portion to allow the formation of an extended discharge groove. In this aspect, the channel 39 may extend longitudinally between the respective connected helical groove 74 and the recess 40.

[0058] The distal end 66 of the lower portion defines a drill tip 90 that coincides with the longitudinal axis L of the fastener body 20. For example, the drill tip is preferably positioned directly along the longitudinal axis L, but due to manufacturing tolerances, the drill tip may deviate slightly from the longitudinal axis. It should be understood that in this exemplary embodiment, the drill tip is a pointed dot. In other embodiments, the drill tip is suitably rounded or shaped in other ways.

[0059] In some examples, it is anticipated that: a) the fastener body 20 may be integrally formed from a metal or metal alloy component; b) the corresponding first shank portion 30 and second shank portion 60 may be formed from components comprising the same metal or metal alloy material, these shank portions being integrally connected to form the fastener body; and c) the corresponding first shank portion 30 and second shank portion 60 may be formed from separate components comprising different metals or metal alloy materials, these shank portions being integrally connected to form the fastener body 20. In some embodiments, it is anticipated that the metal or metal alloy may include carbon steel and carbon steel alloys. In other embodiments, it is anticipated that at least one of the first shank portion 30 and the second shank portion 60 may be formed from a rigid polymer material. In further alternative embodiments, both the first shank portion 30 and the second shank portion 60 may be formed from a rigid polymer material.

[0060] In some embodiments, at least the head 32 of the RFID fastener 10 may be formed of a radio-permeable material, such as a radio-permeable polymer. It is also contemplated that multiple portions of the first shank portion 30 of the RFID fastener 10 may be formed of such a radio-permeable polymer. This radio-permeable polymer may be, for example, but not limited to, Delrin™.

[0061] Optionally, one or more upper portions of the RFID fastener may be formed of a metallic material, which can enhance the RFID range by acting as a ground plane for the RFID antenna in the RFID module 12. In other embodiments, the head 32 of the RFID fastener may be formed of a fragile material (e.g., but not limited to acetal), which would allow the head 32 of the RFID fastener to be removed or broken off after the fastener is attached to the tray and the RFID module 12 is positioned below the operating plane of the tray surface.

[0062] In optional implementations and as Figure 10 , 11B As shown in 11C, the drilled section 70 can be formed on the distal side of the helical thread 36 of the RFID fastener 10. If configured in this way, or as... Figure 11A As shown, the drilled section 70 can be formed on the distal side of the recess 40. In another exemplary aspect, it is contemplated that the drilled section 70 will form the distal portion of the fastener body 20.

[0063] exist Figure 10 , 11B In the embodiment shown in 11C, the helical thread 36 and the drilled section 70 are both defined on the lower portion 60 of the fastener body 20, and the recess 40 is defined on the upper portion 30 of the fastener body 20 in a portion between the head and the distal end of the upper portion.

[0064] like Figure 2-8 As shown in 11A and 11C, the head 32 may be generally cylindrical and have a uniform diameter equal to the diameter of the upper portion of the fastener body. In various options, the proximal end of the head may present a uniform surface, or alternatively, may define an opening (suitable for complementary coupling to a drive unit) where the drive feature is located.

[0065] exist Figure 12-13C In the exemplary embodiment shown, the RFID fastener 10 may be in the form of a threaded RFID fastener 100, and more specifically, the RFID fastener 100 includes a head 120 and a shaft 130. The head may include a top portion 122 and a bottom portion 124. The top portion 122 may have a uniform diameter, or may have other dimensions if necessary. In one aspect, the top portion 122 begins to transition into the bottom portion 124, in which the top portion 122 gradually narrows downward to the shaft 130 of the threaded RFID fastener 100. Optionally, the bottom portion 124 may be in the form of a truncated cone.

[0066] In some embodiments, the top portion 122 of the head 120 may be generally cylindrical and may be shaped to transition to a bottom portion 124, in which the top portion 122 gradually narrows downward to the axis 130 of the threaded RFID fastener 100. Optionally, and as shown, the lower portion may be truncated conical. It is anticipated that the proximal end 127 of the top portion 122 may present a uniform surface, or alternatively, may define an opening (suitable for complementary coupling to a drive unit) where the drive feature is located.

[0067] During operation, Figure 12 The threaded RFID fastener 100 shown may include a plurality of slots 123 extending along the length of shaft 130, the slots 123 being configured to provide strong resistance to withdrawal from the mounting position and into desired material (such as an illustrative tray). A tapered base portion 124 of the head 120 will allow the entire head of the threaded RFID fastener 100 to be recessed downwards and below the surface level of the material into which the RFID fastener is inserted. Therefore, once inserted, the head of the threaded RFID fastener 100 will not protrude from the material.

[0068] In some embodiments, the proximal end of the head 32, 120 of the respective RFID fasteners 10, 100 may define a screw drive feature, such as a star drive, a crosshead drive, or any other suitable drive. The screw drive feature may define a hole in the head and may be compatible with any suitable drive feature as described above. The specific drive and size of the hole in the head may vary.

[0069] In some embodiments, the screw drive feature of the corresponding RFID fasteners 10, 100 can be connected to a rotary operating tool (e.g., a drill), which rotates its head and thus rotates the RFID fastener 10 to advance the fastener into a workpiece (e.g., a pallet), such as Figure 2 and 14 As exemplarily illustrated. In an exemplary aspect (non-limiting), where RFID fasteners 10, 100 are driven into a conventional wooden or polymer pallet, the RFID fasteners 10, 100 are driven through the top plate of the pallet to be at least partially positioned in the center block of the pallet. Therefore, the heads 32, 120 of the respective RFID fasteners 10, 100 are recessed to a sufficient depth such that no portion of the head extends above the top plate. This recessed position helps minimize damage to the RFID fasteners during operation.

[0070] Alternatively, in some implementations and as in Figures 13A-13C As exemplarily shown, the head of the RFID fastener 100 may be hexagonal. As illustrated, the head may include a top portion 122 and a bottom portion 124. The top portion 122 may have a uniform diameter, or may have other dimensions if necessary. Figures 13A-13C As shown, the top portion 122 of the head may have a plurality of engagement surfaces extending along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the RFID fastener 100. An exemplary head 120 of the RFID fastener 100 has six substantially equal faces positioned in a hexagonal head orientation, but fewer or more faces are contemplated, positioned in a conventional, generally cylindrical arrangement for conventional attachment to a drive unit of a complementary shape. Figure 13A In the middle, the top portion 122 transitions to the bottom portion 124, and the diameter of the bottom portion 124 is larger than the effective diameter of the top portion 122. Figure 13B In the middle, the top portion 122 transitions to the bottom portion 124, the initial diameter of the bottom portion 124 being larger than the effective diameter of the upper portion 22, and then gradually narrowing downwards to the axis 130 of the RFID fastener 100. Optionally, in Figure 13C In the middle, the top portion 122 transitions to the bottom portion 124, the initial diameter of the bottom portion 124 being substantially equal to the effective diameter of the top portion, and then gradually narrowing downwards to the shaft 130 of the RFID fastener 100. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the bottom portion of the shaft may have a truncated conical shape.

[0071] During operation, Figures 13A-13C The RFID fastener 100 shown may include at least one helical thread 140 projecting from at least a portion of a shaft and a coil surrounding the at least one helical thread 140. In some embodiments, the at least one helical thread 140 may extend further to a distal end 150 of the RFID fastener 100. Optionally, and as shown... Figure 13B As shown, one or more helical threads may be included in the end, possibly engaging with and forming part of one or more inclined surfaces 152, 154 and / or transverse cutting edge 156.

[0072] In some embodiments, at least one helical thread 140 may be configured with a specific pitch to theoretically provide a preselected feed rate for the fastener into the workpiece substrate. For example, at least one helical thread 140 may be tilted to provide a feed rate of about 1 to about 8 mm per full revolution of the RFID fastener 100 about its longitudinal axis (also referred to as the helical axis). Other pitches may be selected to provide other desired theoretical feed rates.

[0073] At least one helical thread 140 may end at the last thread, such as Figure 13A and 13C As shown. The last thread may terminate at a leading portion 148, which may have a gradually decreasing thread height until it disappears into the generally cylindrical portion of the shaft 130. Alternatively, although not shown, the last thread may terminate abruptly, wherein the thread height of the leading portion of the last thread is generally the same as the thread on the shaft above it. In this configuration, the leading portion may terminate as needed at a flat, sloped, or sharp front surface. Optionally, the position of the leading portion 148, and therefore the end of the last thread, may vary relative to the distal end.

[0074] In some implementations, the data typically returns to the remote end of the RFID fastener 100 and is referenced. Figure 13B The distal end 150 may alternatively include a transverse cutting edge 156 instead of being sharpened into a tapered tip, the transverse cutting edge 156 including inclined surfaces 152 and 154 that branch rearward in a V-shaped configuration. The inclined surfaces 152 and 154 may be at various angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, such as 25°, 35°, 45°, 55°, 65°, 70°, 80°, or any angle suitable for the desired application. Alternatively, the inclined surfaces 152 and 154 may be inclined at the same or different angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 130.

[0075] At least one helical thread 140 of the RFID fastener 100 extends along at least a portion of the shaft 130 and is configured to provide strong resistance to withdrawal from the mounting position and into a desired material (such as an illustrative tray). Figure 12 , 13B As shown in 13C, the tapered lower portion 124 of the head 120 allows the entire head of the RFID fastener to be recessed downwards and below the surface level of the material into which the RFID fastener is inserted. Therefore, once inserted, the head of the RFID fastener will not protrude from the material.

[0076] In some implementations and such Figure 15A-16C As shown, the RFID fastener 10 may include an RFID module washer 200. In this embodiment, the RFID module 12 is disposed within a washer body 210, which is configured for mounting via conventional fasteners 220 (e.g., but not limited to screws, nails, and / or U-bolts). As shown, the washer body 210 may optionally define at least one hole 212 extending from the upper surface 214 of the washer through the bottom surface 216. In one aspect, the RFID module washer 200 may be expected to have a low side profile in height and may be made of POM / acetal, RFID-permeable polymers, etc.

[0077] In this embodiment, and as shown, the RFID module 12 is housed within the gasket 210. As described above, the RFID module 12 for the RFID module gasket 200 will include a radio frequency permeable body surrounding a microchip for storing data and an electrically coupled antenna. The RFID module 12 is embedded or otherwise secured to the body 210 of the gasket, and the microchip 14 is electrically coupled to the antenna 16 for receiving and transmitting RF signals.

[0078] Figure 15B , 15C Images 16B and 16C show corresponding top and bottom front perspective views of an embodiment of an RFID fastener combination of an RFID module washer 200 and conventional fasteners. Figure 15B and 15C In the RFID module washer 200, a conventional fastener 220 (e.g., nail, screw, etc.) extends through a hole 212 defined in the RFID washer module. Similarly, in Figure 16B and 16C In this configuration, a conventional fastener 220 (e.g., a U-shaped nail, etc.) extends through a pair of holes 212 defined in the RFID washer module.

[0079] In operation, the RFID module washer 200 is configured to allow attachment to any desired substrate. For example, but not limited to, the RFID module washer can be nailed, pinned, or screwed to selected substrates (e.g., wood, polymer wood, LVL beams, or other wood or similar products). The RFID module washer 200 can be attached to the desired substrate using conventional fasteners at an early stage of the woodworking process (such as sawing) or during later wood assembly. For example, composite flooring or ceiling beams can be marked with an RFID module washer / conventional fastener combination, which can allow for subsequent tracking before, during, and after construction into the structure.

[0080] In another embodiment, the use of RFID module washers can allow for the monitoring of nail / screw (conventional fasteners) usage. For example, Tyvek™ packaging typically requires a recommended number of nails to secure it to the underlying structure. Using the exemplary RFID module washer 200 in conjunction with each fastener 220 will allow inspectors or auditors to count the number of nails used during installation by scanning.

[0081] Thanks to the above design, pallets with this type of RFID fastener can be used and reused for extended periods without damage or loss. In addition to providing identifiable pallets for different suppliers, they can also be used by the same supplier to distinguish between inventory and stock held on the pallet.

[0082] Therefore, modifications can be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, modifications can be made to the systems and apparatus disclosed herein. The components of the systems and apparatus may be integrated or separate, and the operation of the systems and apparatus may be performed by more, fewer, or other components. As another example, modifications can be made to the methods disclosed herein. The methods may include more, fewer, or other steps, and these steps may be performed in any suitable order.

Claims

1. A fastener for insertion into a base plate of a shipping container, characterized in that, The fasteners include: RFID module; A fastener body extending along a longitudinal axis and having a cylindrical upper portion and a connected cylindrical lower portion; The upper portion of the fastener body has an outer surface and includes a head and a first shank portion, the first shank portion being integrally connected to the distal end of the head; The upper portion includes a helical thread integrally connected to and extending outward therefrom a plurality of portions of the outer surface of the upper portion to form a threaded surface extending along a predetermined elongation length of the upper portion of the fastener body; The first shank portion defines a longitudinally extending recess that extends between a distal end of the upper portion and a head of the upper portion. The longitudinally extending recess is complementary in size and shape to receive the RFID module. A helical thread is integrally connected to and extends outwardly from a plurality of portions on the outer surface of the upper portion opposite the recess to provide additional torsional strength to the portion of the first shank portion defining the recess. The lower portion of the fastener body forms a drilling section configured to allow the fastener body to drill into the substrate while removing material from the resulting hole. The drilling section has a second shank portion having a distal end and a proximal end connected to the distal end of the upper portion. The outer surfaces of the first shank portion and the second shank portion have the same diameter. The drilling section includes at least one cutting edge and at least one helical groove. The at least one cutting edge is configured to cut into the substrate to form a circular hole with a diameter substantially equal to the effective diameter of the distal end of the drilling section. The at least one helical groove spirally winds around the longitudinal axis as it moves proximally away from the distal end of the second shank portion. Each of the at least one helical groove forms a discharge groove extending upward through the drilling section, thereby allowing the reception and efficient discharge of multiple material debris cut by the cutting edge of the drilling section. The distal end of the second shank portion defines a drill tip that coincides with the longitudinal axis of the fastener body.

2. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first shank portion defines a channel extending from the distal end of the first shank portion to the recess, and at least a portion of the proximal end of the at least one spiral groove connects to the channel at the distal end of the first shank portion to allow the formation of an extended discharge groove.

3. The fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that, A portion of the proximal end of the channel is defined in the second wall of the recess, and wherein the channel extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fastener body.

4. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first handle portion and the second handle portion are integrally connected together.

5. The fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fastener body is integrally formed.

6. The fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corresponding first handle portion and second handle portion are formed of the same metal or metal alloy material.

7. The fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corresponding first handle portion and second handle portion are formed of different metals or metal alloys.

8. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specified elongation of the threaded surface extends from near the distal end of the upper portion to near the proximal end of the head.

9. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The helical thread has a coarse pitch to increase pull-out resistance and structural resistance to deformation of the upper portion of the fastener body.

10. The fastener according to claim 9, characterized in that, The coarse thread pitch is between approximately 3.5 and approximately 5.

11. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recess has an effective depth d1 and a width w1 to complementaryly receive the RFID module, such that multiple external portions of the RFID module are positioned below the outer surface of the upper portion.

12. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recess has a first wall near the distal end of the head, an opposing second wall near the distal end of the first handle portion of the upper portion, and a base plate extending between the respective first wall and second wall.

13. The fastener according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first and second walls of the recess are positioned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the RFID fastener, and the bottom plate of the recess has a substantially planar shape that extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fastener body.

14. The fastener according to claim 13, characterized in that, The bottom plate of the recess is coplanar with the longitudinal axis of the fastener body.

15. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one spiral groove includes a plurality of grooves, wherein the plurality of grooves are equidistantly spaced around the circumference of the second shank portion of the fastener body.

16. The fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the head of the upper portion is the same as the diameter of the first handle portion.

17. A fastener for insertion into a base plate of a shipping container, characterized in that, The fasteners include: RFID module; A fastener body extending along a longitudinal axis and having a cylindrical upper portion and a connected cylindrical lower portion; The upper portion of the fastener body has an outer surface and includes a head and a first shank portion, the first shank portion being integrally connected to the distal end of the head; The upper portion includes at least one helical thread integrally connected to and extending outward therefrom a plurality of portions of the outer surface of the upper portion to form a threaded surface extending along a predetermined elongation length of the upper portion of the fastener body. The first handle portion defines a longitudinally extending recess that extends between the distal end of the upper portion and the head of the upper portion. The longitudinally extending recess is complementaryly sized and shaped to receive the RFID module. The recess has an effective depth d1 and a width w1 to complementaryly receive the RFID module, such that a plurality of external portions of the RFID module are positioned below the outer surface of the upper portion. The lower portion of the fastener body forms a drilling section configured to allow the fastener body to drill into the substrate while removing material from the hole formed therefrom. The drilling section has a second shank portion having a distal end and a proximal end coupled to the distal end of the upper portion. The outer surfaces of the first shank portion and the second shank portion have the same diameter. The drilling section includes at least one cutting edge and at least one helical groove. The at least one cutting edge is configured to cut into the substrate to form a circular hole with a diameter substantially equal to the effective diameter of the distal end of the drilling section. The at least one helical groove spirally winds around the longitudinal axis as it moves proximally away from the distal end of the second shank portion. Each at least one helical groove forms a discharge groove extending upward through the drilling section, thereby allowing the reception and efficient discharge of multiple material debris cut by the cutting edge of the drilling section. The distal end of the second shank portion defines a drill tip coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the fastener body. The first shank portion further defines a channel extending from the distal end of the first shank portion to the recess, wherein at least a portion of the proximal end of the at least one helical groove connects to the channel at the distal end of the first shank portion to allow the formation of an extended discharge groove.

18. The fastener according to claim 17, characterized in that, A portion of the proximal end of the channel is defined in the second wall of the recess, and wherein the channel extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fastener body.

19. The fastener according to claim 17, characterized in that, The helical thread is integrally connected to and extends outward from a plurality of portions on the outer surface of the upper portion opposite the recess, to provide additional torsional strength to the portion of the first shank portion that defines the recess.

20. The fastener according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first handle portion and the second handle portion are integrally connected together.

21. The fastener according to claim 20, characterized in that, The fastener body is integrally formed.

22. The fastener according to claim 20, characterized in that, The corresponding first handle portion and second handle portion are formed of the same metal or metal alloy material.

23. The fastener according to claim 20, characterized in that, The corresponding first handle portion and second handle portion are formed of different metals or metal alloys.

24. The fastener according to claim 20, characterized in that, The specified elongation of the threaded surface extends from near the distal end of the upper portion to near the proximal end of the head.

25. The fastener according to claim 17, characterized in that, The helical thread has a coarse pitch to increase pull-out resistance and structural resistance to deformation of the upper portion of the fastener body.

26. The fastener according to claim 17, characterized in that, The recess has a first wall near the distal end of the head, an opposing second wall near the distal end of the first handle portion of the upper portion, and a base plate extending between the respective first wall and second wall, wherein the first wall and second wall of the recess are positioned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the RFID fastener, and the base plate of the recess has a substantially planar shape extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fastener body.

27. The fastener according to claim 26, characterized in that, The bottom plate of the recess is coplanar with the longitudinal axis of the fastener body.

28. The fastener according to claim 17, characterized in that, The at least one spiral groove includes a plurality of grooves, wherein the plurality of grooves are equidistantly spaced around the circumference of the second shank portion of the fastener body.

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