Pneumatic seedling vine impurity removal device based on potato combine harvester

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a pneumatic seedling vine impurity removal device based on a potato combine harvester, which comprises a rack, a fan body, a fan transmission mechanism, a transverse conveying chain sieve and a seedling picking chain sieve, and the transverse conveying chain screen comprises side pattern discharging teeth rotationally installed on the inner side of the rack, side discharging chains are installed on the surfaces of the side pattern discharging teeth, non-blocking rubber coating is fixedly installed on the inner sides of the side discharging chains, and an air duct lower protection plate is fixedly installed on one side of the interior of the rack. According to the pneumatic seedling vine impurity removal device based on the potato combine harvester, residual seedlings and weeds in potato tubers are effectively separated through airflow generated by the fan body, the structural design enables the residual seedlings and the weeds to be accurately separated according to the length and weight difference of the residual seedlings and the weeds, and therefore the impurity removal efficiency is improved; and the cleanliness of the potato blocks is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a pneumatic impurity removal device for potato vines based on a potato combine harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Potato combine harvesters are key pieces of equipment for mechanized potato production, significantly improving harvesting efficiency and reducing labor intensity. Effective impurity removal is crucial for ensuring tuber quality during potato harvesting. Traditional potato combine harvesters mostly employ purely mechanical structures for impurity removal, such as using vibrating screens and vine-removing chain screens to separate the potato-soil mixture. These mechanical devices are effective at removing rigid impurities like mud and stones, forming the basis of current potato combine harvester impurity removal technology.

[0003] However, existing purely mechanical impurity removal methods are significantly inadequate when dealing with flexible impurities such as vine residue and weeds, making it difficult to effectively remove them from potato tubers. Because of their flexibility and entanglement, vine residue and weeds easily become entangled with or hang on mechanical parts, making complete separation difficult using only mechanical screening or impact, resulting in incomplete impurity removal. This poor impurity removal not only affects the commercial quality and appearance of the potato tubers but also increases the difficulty and cost of subsequent processing.

[0004] Therefore, the development of a technology to effectively remove flexible impurities, which addresses the problem of existing technologies being unable to do so, has significant practical application value in improving the overall impurity removal performance of potato combine harvesters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the fact that the existing purely mechanical weed removal methods are difficult to effectively remove the flexible and easily tangled vines and weeds, resulting in incomplete weed removal, which affects potato quality and increases subsequent processing costs, this invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a solution to the problem that existing purely mechanical methods of removing impurities are difficult to effectively remove flexible and easily tangled vines and weeds, resulting in incomplete removal of impurities, which affects potato quality and increases subsequent processing costs.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pneumatic vine removal device based on a potato combine harvester, including a frame, a blower body, a blower transmission mechanism, a transverse conveyor chain screen and a vine-picking chain screen. The blower body is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame by a blower bracket. The transverse conveyor chain screen includes side-outlet teeth rotatably installed on the inner side of the frame. A side-outlet chain is installed on the surface of the side-outlet teeth. A non-blocking rubber-coated part is fixedly installed on the inner side of the side-outlet chain. A lower air duct guard plate is fixedly installed on one side of the inner side of the frame. A lower vine outlet is provided on the surface of the lower air duct guard plate. The seedling picking chain screen includes a seedling gear that is rotatably installed inside the frame. A seedling support chain is installed on the surface of the seedling gear. Separation teeth are fixedly installed on the inner side of the seedling support chain. An upper air duct guard plate is fixedly installed on the upper inner part of the frame. An upper seedling outlet is opened on the inner side of the upper air duct guard plate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the pneumatic weed removal device for vines based on a potato combine harvester described in this invention, wherein: a trolley is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the frame, the vine support chain is movably mounted on the inner side of the frame via the trolley, a transmission sprocket is mounted on one side of the vine gear, and the vine gear drives the transmission sprocket to rotate through an external drive mechanism to achieve rotational operation.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the pneumatic weed removal device for vines based on a potato combine harvester described in this invention, the fan transmission mechanism includes a gearbox fixedly installed on one side of the frame, and the output end of the gearbox is equipped with a first transmission wheel via a rotating rod.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the pneumatic weed removal device for vines based on a potato combine harvester described in this invention, wherein: a second transmission wheel and a third transmission wheel are rotatably mounted on one side of the frame via a first connecting shaft, and the second transmission wheel and the first transmission wheel are interconnected by a first transmission belt.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the pneumatic weed removal device for potato combine harvesters described in this invention, a fourth transmission wheel is installed on one side of the blower body via a second coupling, and the fourth transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel are connected to each other via a second transmission belt.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the pneumatic impurity removal device for vines based on a potato combine harvester described in this invention, wherein: a main air duct is fixedly installed on one side of the blower body, the lower end of the main air duct is connected to an air outlet, and the air outlet is installed on one side of the transverse conveyor chain screen.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the pneumatic vine removal device based on a potato combine harvester described in this invention, wherein: an inlet is provided on one side of the frame, a conveyor belt is installed on the inner side of the frame, and the conveyor belt is installed above the vine-picking chain screen.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the pneumatic impurity removal device for vines based on a potato combine harvester described in this invention, the surfaces of the upper and lower air duct guard plates are both provided with wear-resistant materials.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention effectively separates residual vines and weeds from potato tubers using airflow generated by the blower body. After the potato tubers enter the equipment through the inlet, the vine-picking chain screen and the transverse conveyor chain screen start operating synchronously. The potato tubers first fall onto the conveyor belt surface and are conveyed upwards to the top of the vine-picking chain screen. When passing through the vine-picking chain screen, the long vines are separated and discharged from the upper outlet along the upper air duct guard plate. Subsequently, the potato tubers fall onto the surface of the lower transverse conveyor chain screen through the gaps between the separating teeth. The side outlet teeth drive the side outlet chain and the unblocked rubber coating to convey the potato tubers while separating the short vines. The short vines are discharged from the lower outlet along the lower air duct guard plate. This structural design allows residual vines and weeds to be accurately separated according to their length and weight differences, thereby improving the impurity removal efficiency and ensuring the cleanliness of the potato tubers.

[0016] 2. This invention uses a gearbox as the power source for the fan body. By adjusting the speed of the fan transmission mechanism, the fan speed and air volume are controlled, allowing the device to flexibly adjust the wind speed according to different operational needs, thereby adapting to different types and states of residual seedlings and weeds. At the same time, the structural design of the main air duct and the upper and lower protective plates of the air duct can effectively guide the airflow, avoid airflow turbulence, ensure that residual seedlings and weeds can be smoothly discharged from the device, and improve the weed removal effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fan transmission mechanism of a pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to the present invention from another angle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the frame of a pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Fan body; 2. Fan transmission mechanism; 201. Gearbox; 202. Rotating rod; 203. First transmission wheel; 204. First transmission belt; 205. Second transmission wheel; 206. First coupling shaft; 207. Third transmission wheel; 208. Fourth transmission wheel; 209. Second transmission belt; 210. Second coupling shaft; 3. Frame; 4. Inlet; 5. Outlet; 6. Horizontal transport chain screen; 601. Side outlet teeth; 602. Side outlet chain; 603. Baffle-free rubber coating; 7. Upper air duct guard plate; 8. Lower air duct guard plate; 9. Main air duct pipe; 10. Fan bracket; 11. Seedling picking chain screen; 1101. Seedling gear; 1102. Seedling support chain; 1103. Separating teeth; 1104. Drag wheel; 1105. Transmission sprocket. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester. This pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester includes a frame 3, a blower body 1, a blower transmission mechanism 2, a transverse transport chain screen 6, and a vine-picking chain screen 11. The blower body 1 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 3 by a blower bracket 10. The transverse transport chain screen 6 includes a side-outlet tooth 601 rotatably installed on the inner side of the frame 3. A side-outlet chain 602 is installed on the surface of the side-outlet tooth 601. A non-blocking rubber-coated 603 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the side-outlet chain 602. A lower air duct guard plate 8 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner side of the frame 3. A lower vine outlet is provided on the surface of the lower air duct guard plate 8.

[0021] A draught wheel 1104 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the frame 3. The seedling support chain 1102 is movably mounted on the inner side of the frame 3 via the draught wheel 1104. A transmission sprocket 1105 is mounted on one side of the seedling gear 1101. The seedling gear 1101 drives the transmission sprocket 1105 to rotate through an external drive mechanism, thereby achieving rotational operation.

[0022] During operation, potato tubers enter the equipment through inlet 4. The external drive mechanism rotates the vine gear 1101, which in turn drives the vine support chain 1102 to circulate under the support of the trolley 1104. Long vines are separated by the vine-picking chain screen 11 and guided out along the inner side of the frame 3. Subsequently, the potato tubers fall through the gaps in the vine support chain 1102 onto the surface of the transverse transport chain screen 6 below. At the transverse transport chain screen 6, the side-outlet tooth 601 rotates, driving the side-outlet chain 602 and the unblocked rubber coating 603 to run. While conveying the potato tubers, the gaps between the unblocked rubber coatings 603 are used to further separate the attached short vines. The separated short vines are blown out by the air outlet 5 and move along the surface of the lower protective plate 8 of the air duct, finally being discharged from the lower vine outlet, completing the initial separation of potato tubers from miscellaneous vines. Example

[0023] Reference Figures 2-4 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: the seedling picking chain screen 11 includes a seedling gear 1101 rotatably installed inside the frame 3, a seedling support chain 1102 is installed on the surface of the seedling gear 1101, a separation tooth 1103 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the seedling support chain 1102, and an upper air duct guard plate 7 is fixedly installed on the upper inner part of the frame 3. The upper air duct guard plate 7 has an upper seedling outlet on its inner side.

[0024] The fan transmission mechanism 2 includes a gearbox 201 fixedly installed on one side of the frame 3. The output end of the gearbox 201 is connected to a first transmission wheel 203 via a rotating rod 202.

[0025] A second drive wheel 205 and a third drive wheel 207 are rotatably mounted on one side of the frame 3 via a first connecting shaft 206. The second drive wheel 205 and the first drive wheel 203 are connected to each other via a first drive belt 204.

[0026] A fourth drive wheel 208 is installed on one side of the fan body 1 via a second connecting shaft 210. The fourth drive wheel 208 and the third drive wheel 207 are connected to each other via a second drive belt 209.

[0027] A main air duct pipe 9 is fixedly installed on one side of the blower body 1. The lower end of the main air duct pipe 9 is connected to the air outlet 5, which is installed on one side of the transverse conveyor chain screen 6.

[0028] An inlet 4 is provided on one side of the frame 3, and a conveyor belt is installed on the inner side of the frame 3. The conveyor belt is installed above the seedling picking chain screen 11.

[0029] The surfaces of the upper air duct guard plate 7 and the lower air duct guard plate 8 are both covered with wear-resistant material.

[0030] During operation, the gearbox 201 starts as the power source, and its output drives the rotating rod 202 to rotate the first transmission wheel 203. The power is transmitted to the second transmission wheel 205 through the first transmission belt 204, then drives the third transmission wheel 207 through the first coupling shaft 206, and finally drives the fourth transmission wheel 208 through the second transmission belt 209 and the second coupling shaft 210, causing the blower body 1 to start running and generate airflow. Potato tubers enter through the inlet 4 and are conveyed upwards by the conveyor belt to the top of the vine-picking chain screen 11. Long vines are separated by the airflow and the separating teeth 1103 and discharged from the upper vine outlet along the upper guard plate 7 of the air duct. Potato tubers fall through the gaps of the separating teeth 1103 of the vine-supporting chain 1102 to the transverse transport chain screen 6. The airflow is guided by the main air duct pipe 9 and blown towards the transverse transport chain screen 6 through the air outlet 5. Short vines are discharged from the lower vine outlet along the lower guard plate 8 of the air duct under the action of the airflow.

[0031] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0032] Based on embodiments 1-2, the working principle of this invention is as follows: After potato tubers enter the equipment through inlet 4, they are driven by transmission gears and transmission shafts to start synchronous operation of the vine-picking chain screen 11 and the transverse transport chain screen 6. The tubers are first conveyed upwards to the top of the vine-picking chain screen 11. When passing through the vine-picking chain screen 11, the difference in density and suspension speed between the vines and the tubers is utilized to separate long vines and discharge them from the upper outlet along the upper air duct guard plate. Subsequently, the potato tubers fall through the gaps between the second separating teeth 1103 onto the surface of the lower transverse transport chain screen 6. During transverse transport, short vines are further separated and discharged from the lower outlet along the lower air duct guard plate. At the same time, the tubers are conveyed towards one side of the equipment, achieving precise separation of vine residues of different lengths. The equipment uses a fan as its power source, which is connected to the output end of the gearbox 201 via the fan transmission mechanism 2. The fan speed and airflow are controlled by a belt pulley speed regulation system, and the size of the air outlet 5 is flexibly controlled by an adjustment device within the outlet 5. This allows the equipment to adjust the wind speed according to different operational needs, adapting to different types and conditions of residual seedlings and weeds. The structural design of the fan cover and main air duct 9, along with the upper and lower protective plates of the air duct, effectively guides airflow, avoids airflow turbulence, and ensures that residual seedlings and weeds are smoothly discharged from the equipment. Furthermore, the wear-resistant material design on the surface of the protective plates ensures the long-term stability of the equipment, thereby significantly improving the impurity removal efficiency and ensuring the cleanliness of the potato tubers.

[0033] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic weed removal device for potato vines based on a potato combine harvester, comprising a frame (3), characterized in that: It also includes a fan body (1), a fan transmission mechanism (2), a transverse transport chain screen (6) and a seedling picking chain screen (11). The fan body (1) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame (3) by a fan bracket (10). The transverse transport chain screen (6) includes a side-outlet tooth (601) rotatably installed on the inner side of the frame (3). A side-outlet chain (602) is installed on the surface of the side-outlet tooth (601). A non-blocking rubber-coated (603) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the side-outlet chain (602). A lower air duct guard plate (8) is fixedly installed on one side of the inner side of the frame (3). A seedling outlet is provided on the surface of the lower air duct guard plate (8). The seedling picking chain screen (11) includes a seedling gear (1101) rotatably installed inside the frame (3). A seedling support chain (1102) is installed on the surface of the seedling gear (1101). A separating tooth (1103) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the seedling support chain (1102). An upper air duct guard plate (7) is fixedly installed on the upper inner part of the frame (3). An upper seedling outlet is opened on the inner side of the upper air duct guard plate (7).

2. The pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the frame (3) is rotatably mounted with a trolley (1104), and the seedling support chain (1102) is movably mounted on the inner side of the frame (3) via the trolley (1104). A transmission sprocket (1105) is mounted on one side of the seedling gear (1101), and the seedling gear (1101) drives the transmission sprocket (1105) to rotate through an external drive mechanism to achieve rotational operation.

3. The pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan transmission mechanism (2) includes a gearbox (201) fixedly installed on one side of the frame (3), and the output end of the gearbox (201) is driven by a first transmission wheel (203) through a rotating rod (202).

4. The pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second drive wheel (205) and a third drive wheel (207) are rotatably mounted on one side of the frame (3) via a first connecting shaft (206), and the second drive wheel (205) and the first drive wheel (203) are connected to each other via a first drive belt (204).

5. The pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth drive wheel (208) is installed on one side of the fan body (1) via a second connecting shaft (210), and the fourth drive wheel (208) and the third drive wheel (207) are connected to each other via a second drive belt (209).

6. The pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main air duct pipe (9) is fixedly installed on one side of the blower body (1), and the lower end of the main air duct pipe (9) is connected to the air outlet (5). The air outlet (5) is installed on one side of the transverse conveyor chain screen (6).

7. The pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet (4) is provided on one side of the frame (3), and a conveyor belt is installed on the inner side of the frame (3). The conveyor belt is installed above the seedling picking chain screen (11).

8. The pneumatic vine cleaning device based on a potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the upper air duct guard plate (7) and the lower air duct guard plate (8) are both provided with wear-resistant materials.

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