Self-cleaning type efficient copper dissolving tank and using method

Abstract

The self-cleaning type efficient copper dissolving tank comprises a copper dissolving tank body, a sieve plate is arranged on the lower portion in the copper dissolving tank body, a circulating liquid outlet in one side of the bottom of the copper dissolving tank body communicates with a circulating liquid inlet in the top of the copper dissolving tank body through a circulating pump and a first pipeline, and an air inlet pipe is arranged between the lower side of the sieve plate and the bottom of the copper dissolving tank body; a precise filter screen is mounted in the copper dissolving tank between the air inlet pipe and the sieve plate, a suction opening formed in one side of the top of the copper dissolving tank is communicated with an induced draft fan, a vortex flowmeter and a pressure gauge are mounted between the suction opening and the induced draft fan, a cleaning device is mounted between the precise filter screen and the sieve plate, and the first pipeline is connected with the cleaning device through a second pipeline; a control valve is installed on the second pipeline, and the induced draft fan, the vortex flow meter, the pressure gauge and the control valve are all in communication connection with the PLC module. The problems of blockage, oxygen deficit and reduction of copper dissolving efficiency caused by use of copper particles can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic copper foil manufacturing equipment technology, specifically to a self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Electrolytic copper foil is a core material for new energy batteries and printed circuit boards (PCBs). Its manufacturing process includes four key steps: copper dissolution solution preparation, electrolytic copper foil production, surface treatment, and slitting and packaging. Among these, the copper dissolution solution preparation system is the core step in converting copper raw materials into copper sulfate solution in a copper dissolution tank under specific temperature, acidity, and oxygen content conditions. This solution directly serves as the base liquid for electrolytic copper foil production, and its preparation efficiency and quality directly affect the production efficiency and product cost of electrolytic copper foil.

[0003] The electrolytic copper foil industry is currently facing increasingly fierce competition and low product added value, making cost reduction a core demand. To control costs, the industry is gradually replacing some copper wire with lower-cost copper granules as copper dissolving raw materials. However, the use of copper granules has brought a series of technical defects that seriously affect copper dissolving efficiency: First, copper granules easily clog the spray system of the copper dissolving tank, leading to poor circulation of copper sulfate solution and reduced copper dissolving efficiency; Second, some copper granules fall into the liquid chamber of the copper dissolving tank. Due to the lack of oxygen inside the liquid chamber, the copper granules cannot be fully oxidized and dissolved. Long-term accumulation will occupy the effective volume of the liquid chamber, resulting in insufficient solution volume and further reducing copper dissolving efficiency; Third, excessive copper granules easily clog the screen, reducing air intake and insufficient oxygen supply in the copper dissolving tank, inhibiting the oxidation and dissolution reaction of copper, and ultimately leading to a significant decrease in copper dissolving efficiency.

[0004] Existing copper melting tanks are not designed to suit the application scenarios of copper granules, lacking effective mechanisms for copper granule filtration, anti-clogging, and oxygen regulation. This makes it impossible to balance the low-cost advantage of copper granules with the stability of copper melting efficiency. Therefore, developing a copper melting tank that can solve the problems of clogging, oxygen deficiency, and decreased copper melting efficiency caused by the use of copper granules has become a pressing technical challenge in the field of electrolytic copper foil manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a self-cleaning, high-efficiency copper dissolving tank and its usage method, which can solve the problems of blockage, oxygen deficiency, and decreased copper dissolving efficiency caused by the use of copper granules.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank, comprising a copper melting tank, wherein a sieve plate is provided in the lower part of the interior of the copper melting tank, a circulation outlet on one side of the bottom of the copper melting tank is connected to a circulation inlet on the top of the copper melting tank via a circulation pump and a first pipeline, an air inlet pipe is provided between the lower side of the sieve plate and the bottom of the copper melting tank, a precision filter screen is installed inside the copper melting tank between the air inlet pipe and the sieve plate, an exhaust port on one side of the top of the copper melting tank is connected to an induced draft fan, and a vortex flow meter and a pressure gauge are installed between the exhaust port and the induced draft fan, a cleaning device is installed between the precision filter screen and the sieve plate, the first pipeline is connected to the cleaning device via a second pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the second pipeline, wherein the induced draft fan, vortex flow meter, and pressure gauge are connected to the induced draft fan, the vortex flow meter, and the pressure gauge are connected to the sieve plate, a first pipeline is connected to the cleaning device via a second pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the second pipeline, the first pipeline being connected to the cleaning device via a second pipeline, the second pipeline being connected to the cleaning device via a ... Both the meter and control valve are connected to the PLC module. By installing a precision filter screen between the air inlet pipe and the sieve plate, copper granules are effectively filtered, completely preventing them from entering the liquid chamber and clogging the spray system. This also prevents copper granules from accumulating and occupying the liquid chamber volume, ensuring a stable copper sulfate solution volume and addressing the problem of reduced copper dissolving efficiency caused by copper granules at its source. The linkage design of the vortex flow meter, PLC module, and induced draft fan can monitor the airflow in real time and dynamically adjust the fan frequency to ensure sufficient oxygen supply in the copper dissolving tank, providing stable conditions for the copper oxidation and dissolution reaction and further improving dissolving efficiency. The cleaning device, in conjunction with the PLC module and control valve, automatically cleans the precision filter screen without manual intervention, ensuring its permeability, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and preventing insufficient airflow due to filter clogging.

[0007] Preferably, the cleaning device includes an inlet pipe connected to the copper melting tank and an arc-shaped spray pipe connected to the inlet pipe. The arc-shaped spray pipe is provided with spray nozzles facing the precision filter screen. The arc-shaped spray pipe extends along the side of the copper melting tank. The design of the arc-shaped spray pipe extending along the side of the copper melting tank can cover the entire width of the precision filter screen, ensuring that there are no dead corners in the rinsing range and improving the thoroughness of the cleaning of the filter screen.

[0008] Preferably, the precision filter screen is inclined, with one end closer to the cleaning device being higher than the other end. The inclined arrangement of the precision filter screen utilizes gravity to cause the rinsed copper particles to gather at the lower end, facilitating subsequent cleaning and preventing secondary accumulation of copper particles on the filter screen.

[0009] Preferably, a cleaning port is provided on the side wall of the copper melting tank near the lower end of the precision filter screen. The cleaning port is located at the lower end of the precision filter screen and is adapted to the inclined structure of the filter screen, which can quickly clean the copper particles collected at the lower end, making the cleaning operation convenient and efficient.

[0010] Preferably, the precision filter is a 40-60 mesh filter, which can accurately filter copper particles while avoiding the problem of increased ventilation resistance caused by excessively small pore size, thus balancing filtration effect and permeability.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the copper melting tank is provided with a suction cup along its cross-section, with a gap between the suction cup and the bottom surface of the copper melting tank. The suction cup is provided with multiple liquid holes, and the density of the liquid holes gradually increases from the side of the suction cup near the circulation outlet to the other side. This gradual increase in the density of the liquid holes can balance the adsorption force in different areas of the suction cup, avoiding the problem of small copper particles accumulating due to excessively strong adsorption force on the side near the circulation outlet and insufficient adsorption force on the other side. This achieves comprehensive adsorption of small copper particles at the bottom of the liquid chamber. After the small copper particles are adsorbed and enter the circulation system, they can fully contact oxygen for oxidation and dissolution. This not only avoids the accumulation of copper particles occupying the liquid chamber volume, but also improves the utilization rate of copper raw materials, further enhancing the copper melting efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid holes are arranged along several arcs with the axis of the circulation outlet as the center line. The distance between adjacent arcs gradually increases from the side of the suction cup closer to the circulation outlet to the other side of the suction cup. The arrangement of the liquid holes along the arcs with the axis of the circulation outlet as the center line enables the adsorption force to be evenly distributed along the arcs, avoiding local adsorption dead zones and improving the adsorption coverage of small copper particles. The distance between adjacent arcs gradually increases from the side closer to the circulation outlet to the other side, which, in conjunction with the gradual change in the density of the liquid holes, further optimizes the uniformity of the adsorption force distribution and ensures that small copper particles in all areas at the bottom of the liquid chamber can be effectively adsorbed.

[0013] Preferably, the induced draft fan is connected to the acid mist tower, which can promptly guide the acid mist generated in the copper melting tank into the acid mist tower for treatment, avoiding environmental pollution caused by direct emission of acid mist and meeting environmental emission standards.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for using the self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting vessel according to the first aspect, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1. Start the circulation pump of the copper dissolving tank to make the copper sulfate solution in the copper dissolving tank form a closed loop circulation through the circulation outlet, the first pipeline and the circulation inlet; S2. Add copper granules to the copper dissolving tank. Some of the copper granules fall onto the sieve plate and react with the circulating copper sulfate solution to dissolve, while some fall onto the precision filter screen. S3. The air flow rate of the copper melting tank is detected in real time by a vortex flow meter installed between the exhaust port and the induced draft fan. When the detected flow rate is lower than the preset value Y, the PLC module sends a control signal to the induced draft fan to increase the operating frequency of the induced draft fan and ensure that the amount of air input into the copper melting tank from the air inlet pipe meets the requirements of the copper melting reaction. Meanwhile, the negative pressure value inside the copper melting tank is detected in real time by a pressure gauge. When the detected negative pressure value is higher than the preset value X, the PLC module controls the control valve on the second pipeline to open, so that part of the copper sulfate solution output by the circulation pump enters the cleaning device through the second pipeline. The cleaning device sprays the solution onto the precision filter screen through the spray nozzle for rinsing. S4. When the negative pressure value detected by the remote membrane pressure gauge drops below the preset value X, the PLC module controls the control valve to close, the cleaning device stops rinsing, and completes one automatic cleaning cycle of the precision filter screen. S5. The suction cup at the bottom of the copper dissolving tank adsorbs small copper particles from the bottom of the liquid chamber through its liquid holes. The entire suction cup generates a uniform suction force, and the adsorbed small copper particles enter the lower side of the suction cup along with the copper sulfate solution and enter the circulation system. During the circulation process, they come into full contact with the air and are oxidized to form copper oxide. The copper oxide further reacts with sulfuric acid to form copper sulfate solution.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: With a simple structure, a precision filter screen is installed between the air inlet pipe and the sieve plate to effectively filter copper granules, completely preventing them from entering the liquid chamber and clogging the spray system. This also prevents copper granules from accumulating and occupying liquid chamber volume, ensuring a stable copper sulfate solution volume and addressing the problem of reduced copper dissolving efficiency caused by copper granules at its source. The linkage design of the vortex flow meter, PLC module, and induced draft fan can monitor airflow in real time and dynamically adjust the fan frequency to ensure sufficient oxygen supply in the copper dissolving tank, providing stable conditions for the copper oxidation and dissolution reaction, further improving copper dissolving efficiency. The cleaning device is integrated with the PLC module and control valves... In conjunction with other technologies, this system enables automatic cleaning of precision filters, ensuring filter permeability without manual intervention, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and preventing insufficient airflow due to filter clogging. By incorporating suction cups with gradually increasing density of liquid holes from the side near the circulation outlet to the other, it balances the adsorption force in different areas of the suction cups, preventing the accumulation of small copper particles caused by excessively strong adsorption on one side and insufficient adsorption on the other. This allows for the efficient utilization of low-cost copper granules, reducing production costs while ensuring a stable increase in copper smelting efficiency, thus balancing economic efficiency and practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the suction cup of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the cleaning device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure label: 1. Copper melting tank; 11. Circulating pump; 12. Precision filter screen; 13. Control valve; 14. Cleaning device; 141. Spray nozzle; 142. Inlet pipe; 143. Arc-shaped spray nozzle; 15. Sieve plate; 16. Vortex flow meter; 18. Second pipeline; 19. Circulating outlet; 2. Circulating inlet; 20. Pressure gauge; 3. PLC module; 4. Acid mist tower; 5. Exhaust fan; 6. First pipeline; 7. Exhaust port; 8. Cleaning port; 9. Inlet pipe; 10. Suction cup; 101. Liquid hole; 102. Arc. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this invention provides a technical solution to solve the problems of clogging, oxygen deficiency, and decreased copper dissolving efficiency caused by the use of copper granules. The invention provides the following technical solution: a self-cleaning high-efficiency copper dissolving tank, comprising a copper dissolving tank 1. A sieve plate 15 is provided in the lower part of the interior of the copper dissolving tank 1. A circulation outlet 19 on one side of the bottom of the copper dissolving tank 1 is connected to a circulation inlet 2 at the top of the copper dissolving tank 1 via a circulation pump 11 and a first pipeline 6. An air inlet pipe 9 is provided between the lower side of the sieve plate 15 and the bottom of the copper dissolving tank 1. A precision filter screen 12 is installed inside the copper dissolving tank 1 between the air inlet pipe 9 and the sieve plate 15. An exhaust port 7 on one side of the top of the copper dissolving tank 1 is connected to an induced draft fan 5, and a vortex flow meter 16 and a pressure gauge 20 are installed between the exhaust port 7 and the induced draft fan 5. A cleaning device 14 is installed between the precision filter screen 12 and the sieve plate 15. The first pipeline 6 is connected to the cleaning device 14 via a second pipeline 18, and a cleaning device 14 is installed on the second pipeline 18. The system includes a control valve 13. The induced draft fan 5, vortex flow meter 16, pressure gauge 20, and control valve 13 are all connected to the PLC module 3. By installing a precision filter screen 12 between the air inlet pipe 9 and the sieve plate 15, effective filtration of copper granules is achieved, completely preventing copper granules from entering the liquid chamber and clogging the spray system. At the same time, it prevents copper granules from accumulating and occupying the liquid chamber volume, ensuring a stable copper sulfate solution volume and solving the problem of reduced copper dissolving efficiency caused by copper granules at the source. The linkage design of the vortex flow meter 16 with the PLC module 3 and the induced draft fan 5 can monitor the airflow in real time and dynamically adjust the frequency of the induced draft fan to ensure sufficient oxygen supply in the copper dissolving tank, providing stable conditions for the copper oxidation and dissolution reaction, and further improving the copper dissolving efficiency. The cleaning device 14, in conjunction with the PLC module 3 and control valve 13, realizes automatic cleaning of the precision filter screen. It can ensure the permeability of the filter screen without manual intervention, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and avoid insufficient air intake caused by filter screen blockage.

[0020] Specifically, the copper melting tank 1 is made of stainless steel, the sieve plate 15 is horizontally installed in the lower part of the copper melting tank 1, the precision filter screen 12 is made of stainless steel and is installed between the air inlet pipe 9 and the sieve plate 15, 0.3m below the sieve plate 15, and the edge of the filter screen is sealed to the inner wall of the copper melting tank 1 with sealant; the circulation pump 11 is a horizontal centrifugal pump with a rated flow of 80m³ / h. 3 The flow rate is [value missing], with a rated head of 30m. The circulating outlet 19 is located on one side of the bottom of the copper melting tank 1; the circulating inlet 2 is located on one side of the top of the copper melting tank 1 and can be connected to the spray pipe at the top of the copper melting tank 1; both the first pipeline 6 and the second pipeline 18 are made of acid-resistant stainless steel; the control valve 13 is a pneumatic butterfly valve, model D671F-16P; the vortex flow meter 16 is an intelligent gas vortex flow meter with a measurement range of 5-50m. 3 / h, PLC module 3 is a Siemens S7-200SMART series, which is connected to the induced draft fan 5, vortex flow meter 16 and control valve 13 via signal lines.

[0021] In this embodiment, the cleaning device 14 includes an inlet pipe 142 connected to the copper melting tank 1 and an arc-shaped spray pipe 143 connected to the inlet pipe 142. The arc-shaped spray pipe 143 is provided with spray nozzles 141 facing the precision filter screen 12. The arc-shaped spray pipe 143 extends along the side of the copper melting tank 1. The design of the arc-shaped spray pipe extending along the side of the copper melting tank can cover the entire width of the precision filter screen, ensuring that there are no dead corners in the rinsing range and improving the thoroughness of the cleaning of the filter screen. Specifically, the inlet pipe 142 of the cleaning device 14 is connected to the second pipeline 18 through a flange. The arc of the arc-shaped spray pipe 143 is consistent with the arc of the inner wall of the copper melting tank 1, and is semi-circular, extending 180° circumferentially along the inner wall of the copper melting tank 1. The spray nozzles 141 are conical through holes with a diameter of 1.5 mm, and are evenly arranged along the length of the arc-shaped spray pipe 143 to ensure that the rinsing solution can act perpendicularly on the surface of the filter screen.

[0022] In this embodiment, the precision filter screen 12 is inclined, with one end closer to the cleaning device 14 being higher than the other end. The inclined arrangement of the precision filter screen 12 utilizes gravity to cause the rinsed copper particles to gather towards the lower end, facilitating subsequent cleaning and preventing secondary accumulation of copper particles on the filter screen. The design of the inclined angle balances filtration efficiency and flow guidance, ensuring effective filtration of copper particles while also enabling directional flow of copper particles through gravity assistance, thus improving the stability of equipment operation. Specifically, the inclined angle of the precision filter screen 12 is 20°, and its edge is fixed to the inner wall of the copper melting tank 1 through a groove, ensuring structural stability in the inclined state.

[0023] In this embodiment, a cleaning port 8 is provided on the side wall of the copper melting tank 1 near the lower end of the precision filter screen 12. The cleaning port is located at the lower end of the precision filter screen and is adapted to the inclined structure of the filter screen, enabling rapid cleaning of copper granules collected at the lower end. The cleaning operation is convenient and efficient. The cleaning port provides an emergency handling channel for abnormal operating conditions. When the automatic cleaning system fails or the filter screen becomes severely clogged, manual cleaning can quickly restore equipment operation, avoiding production interruptions caused by equipment failure. The cleaning port is equipped with a sealing structure to ensure the sealing of the copper melting tank, preventing acid mist leakage, and balancing operational convenience and environmental safety. The precision filter screen 12 is a 40-60 mesh screen, which can achieve precise filtration of copper granules while avoiding the problem of increased ventilation resistance caused by excessively small pore sizes, balancing filtration effect and permeability.

[0024] In this embodiment, a suction cup 10 is provided along the cross-section of the bottom of the copper melting tank 1, with a gap between the suction cup 10 and the bottom surface of the copper melting tank 1. The suction cup 10 is provided with multiple liquid holes 101, and the density of the liquid holes 101 gradually increases from the side of the suction cup 10 closest to the circulation outlet 19 to the other side. This gradual increase in the density of the liquid holes balances the adsorption force in different areas of the suction cup, avoiding the accumulation of small copper particles due to excessively strong adsorption force on the side closest to the circulation outlet and insufficient adsorption force on the other side. This achieves complete removal of small copper particles from the bottom of the liquid chamber. Surface adsorption; after small copper particles are adsorbed into the circulation system, they can fully contact oxygen for oxidation and dissolution, which not only avoids the accumulation of copper particles occupying the liquid cavity volume, but also improves the utilization rate of copper raw materials and further enhances the copper dissolution efficiency; specifically, the suction cup 10 is fixed to the bottom of the copper dissolution tank by a bracket, with a gap of 5-15mm between it and the bottom of the tank. This gap not only prevents the suction cup from being directly blocked by the sediment at the bottom of the tank, but also forms a stable negative pressure adsorption channel to ensure that small copper particles can smoothly enter the liquid hole; the center of the suction cup coincides with the axis of the circulation outlet at the bottom of the copper dissolution tank, so that the adsorbed small copper particles can enter the circulation pump along the shortest path and reduce the transport resistance.

[0025] The working principle of suction cup 10 is to "use the negative pressure of the circulation system to achieve efficient and uniform adsorption and transport of small copper particles through the optimized liquid pore structure". When the copper dissolving tank is running, the circulation pump 11 continuously draws copper sulfate solution from the bottom of the liquid chamber from the circulation outlet to form a local negative pressure environment at the bottom of the tank. Because of the gap between the suction cup and the bottom of the tank, the negative pressure is conducted into the gap through all the liquid holes on the suction cup, forming a uniform adsorption force field. Under the action of negative pressure, the small copper particles at the bottom of the liquid chamber are sucked into the flow channel between the suction cup and the circulation outlet through the liquid holes. Because the liquid holes 101 adopt a density gradient design, even in areas far from the circulation outlet, sufficient adsorption force can be obtained through more liquid holes, preventing the small copper particles from accumulating at the far end. The adsorbed small copper particles are sucked into the circulation system along with the copper sulfate solution by the circulation pump and enter the solution circulation loop of the copper dissolving tank. After the small copper particles enter the circulation system, they will come into full contact with the air introduced during the circulation process. Because the air introduced by the air inlet pipe passes through the precision filter screen from bottom to top and mixes with the circulating solution, copper oxide is generated under the oxidation of oxygen. The copper oxide then reacts with the sulfuric acid in the circulating solution to generate copper sulfate solution, ultimately achieving the complete dissolution of the small copper particles.

[0026] In this embodiment, the liquid holes 101 are arranged along a plurality of arcs 102 with the axis of the circulation outlet 19 as the center line. The distance between adjacent arcs 102 gradually increases from the side of the suction cup 10 near the circulation outlet 19 to the other side of the suction cup 10. The arrangement of the liquid holes 101 along the arcs with the axis of the circulation outlet as the center line enables the adsorption force to be evenly distributed along the arcs, avoiding local adsorption dead zones and improving the adsorption coverage of small copper particles. The distance between adjacent arcs gradually increases from the side near the circulation outlet to the other side, which, in conjunction with the gradual change in liquid hole density, further optimizes the uniformity of adsorption force distribution and ensures that small copper particles in each area at the bottom of the liquid chamber can be effectively adsorbed.

[0027] In this embodiment, the induced draft fan 5 is connected to the acid mist tower 4, which can promptly guide the acid mist generated in the copper melting tank into the acid mist tower for treatment, avoiding environmental pollution caused by direct emission of acid mist and meeting environmental emission standards.

[0028] The specific working principle of this embodiment includes the following steps: Start-up preparation: Check the sealing of copper dissolving tank 1, ensure that the sealing cover of cleaning port 8 is closed and all pipeline connections are secure; inject an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid solution into copper dissolving tank 1, start circulation pump 11 to circulate the solution through the circulation loop, and check whether the circulation system is unobstructed; start induced draft fan 5 and acid mist tower 4, adjust the frequency of induced draft fan to 30Hz, and ensure that the acid mist treatment system is operating normally.

[0029] Copper dissolution reaction: Copper granules are added to copper dissolution tank 1. Some of the copper granules fall onto sieve plate 15 and come into contact with the circulating sulfuric acid solution. Under the oxidation of air, copper oxide is generated. The copper oxide further reacts with sulfuric acid to generate copper sulfate solution. Some of the copper granules fall onto precision filter screen 12 and are blocked by the filter screen to prevent them from entering the liquid chamber.

[0030] Airflow control: The vortex flow meter 16 monitors the airflow at the exhaust vent 7 in real time. When the flow rate is lower than the preset value Y=12m... 3 When the flow rate reaches 12m³ / h, PLC module 3 receives the signal and sends a command to induced draft fan 5 to increase the fan frequency to 35-50Hz, increasing the air input and ensuring sufficient oxygen supply in the copper melting tank; when the flow rate returns to 12m³ / h... 3 When the frequency exceeds 100 Hz, the induced draft fan frequency drops back to 30 Hz.

[0031] Automatic filter cleaning: Pressure gauge 20 monitors the negative pressure value in copper melting tank 1 in real time. When the accumulation of copper particles on precision filter screen 12 increases, causing the negative pressure value to exceed the preset value X = -5kPa, PLC module 3 controls the pneumatic butterfly valve 13 to open. Part of the copper sulfate solution output by circulation pump 11 enters the cleaning device 14 through the second pipeline 18 and is sprayed onto precision filter screen 12 through the spray nozzle 141 of arc-shaped spray pipe 143 to wash away the accumulated copper particles. After rinsing for 3 minutes, if the negative pressure value drops below -5kPa, PLC module 3 controls the pneumatic butterfly valve 13 to close, completing the cleaning. If the negative pressure value is still higher than -5kPa, rinsing continues until the negative pressure reaches the standard.

[0032] Small copper particles adsorption and dissolution: The suction cup 10 at the bottom of the copper dissolving tank 1 adsorbs small copper particles at the bottom of the liquid chamber through the liquid hole 101. The adsorbed small copper particles enter the circulation system with the copper sulfate solution. During the circulation process, they are fully oxidized by contact with air to generate copper oxide. The copper oxide reacts with sulfuric acid to generate copper sulfate solution, thus achieving full dissolution of small copper particles and avoiding accumulation.

[0033] Troubleshooting: When the automatic cleaning system fails to restore the permeability of the precision filter screen 12, turn off the circulation pump 11 and the induced draft fan 5, open the sealing cover of the cleaning port 8, manually clean the copper granules accumulated at the bottom of the filter screen, close the sealing cover after cleaning, and restart the equipment.

[0034] Acid mist treatment: The acid mist generated during the copper dissolution reaction is drawn into the acid mist tower 4 by the induced draft fan 5 through the exhaust port 7. The sodium hydroxide spray liquid in the acid mist tower neutralizes the acid mist, and the treated gas that meets the standards is discharged through the exhaust pipe.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically defined.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank, comprising a copper melting tank (1), wherein a sieve plate (15) is provided in the lower part of the interior of the copper melting tank (1), and a circulation outlet (19) on one side of the bottom of the copper melting tank (1) is connected to a circulation inlet (2) at the top of the copper melting tank (1) through a circulation pump (11) and a first pipeline (6), and an air inlet pipe (9) is provided between the lower side of the sieve plate (15) and the bottom of the copper melting tank (1), characterized in that, A precision filter screen (12) is installed inside the copper melting tank (1) between the air inlet pipe (9) and the sieve plate (15). The exhaust port (7) on one side of the top of the copper melting tank (1) is connected to the induced draft fan (5), and a vortex flow meter (16) and a pressure gauge (20) are installed between the exhaust port (7) and the induced draft fan (5). A cleaning device (14) is installed between the precision filter screen (12) and the sieve plate (15). The first pipeline (6) is connected to the cleaning device (14) through the second pipeline (18), and a control valve (13) is installed on the second pipeline (18). The induced draft fan (5), the vortex flow meter (16), the pressure gauge (20) and the control valve (13) are all connected to the PLC module (3) for communication.

2. The self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning device (14) includes an inlet pipe (142) connected to the copper melting tank (1) and an arc-shaped spray pipe (143) connected to the inlet pipe (142). The arc-shaped spray pipe (143) is provided with a spray nozzle (141) facing the precision filter screen (12). The arc-shaped spray pipe (143) extends along the side of the copper melting tank (1).

3. The self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The precision filter (12) is inclined, with one end closer to the cleaning device (14) being higher than the other end.

4. The self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cleaning port (8) is provided on the side wall of the copper melting tank (1) near the lower end of the precision filter screen (12).

5. The self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The precision filter screen (12) is a 40-60 mesh filter screen.

6. The self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the copper melting tank (1) is provided with a suction cup (10) along the cross-section. There is a gap between the suction cup (10) and the bottom surface of the copper melting tank (1). The suction cup (10) is provided with a plurality of liquid holes (101), and the arrangement density of the liquid holes (101) gradually increases from the side of the suction cup (10) near the circulation outlet (19) to the other side of the suction cup (10).

7. The self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid holes (101) are arranged along several arcs (102) with the axis of the circulation outlet (19) as the center line. The spacing between adjacent arcs (102) gradually increases from the side of the suction cup (10) closer to the circulation outlet (19) to the other side of the suction cup (10).

8. The self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The induced draft fan (5) is connected to the acid mist tower (4).

9. A method of using the self-cleaning high-efficiency copper melting tank according to claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Start the circulation pump (11) of the copper dissolving tank (1) so that the copper sulfate solution in the copper dissolving tank (1) forms a closed loop through the circulation outlet (19), the first pipeline (6) and the circulation inlet (2); S2. Add copper granules to the copper dissolving tank (1). Some of the copper granules fall onto the sieve plate (15) and react with the circulating copper sulfate solution to dissolve. Some of them fall onto the precision filter screen (12). S3. The air flow rate of the copper melting tank (1) is detected in real time by the vortex flow meter (16) installed between the exhaust port (7) and the induced draft fan (5). When the detected flow rate is lower than the preset value Y, the PLC module (3) sends a control signal to the induced draft fan (5) to increase the operating frequency of the induced draft fan (5) and ensure that the amount of air input from the air inlet pipe (9) into the copper melting tank (1) meets the requirements of the copper melting reaction. Meanwhile, the negative pressure value inside the copper melting tank (1) is detected in real time by pressure gauge (20). When the detected negative pressure value is higher than the preset value X, PLC module (3) controls the control valve (13) on the second pipeline (18) to open, so that part of the copper sulfate solution output by the circulating pump (11) enters the cleaning device (14) through the second pipeline (18). The cleaning device (14) sprays solution onto the precision filter screen (12) through the spray nozzle (141) for rinsing. S4. When the negative pressure value detected by the remote membrane pressure gauge drops below the preset value X, the PLC module (3) controls the control valve (13) to close, the cleaning device (14) stops rinsing, and completes one automatic cleaning cycle of the precision filter screen (12). S5. The suction cup (10) at the bottom of the copper dissolving tank (1) adsorbs small copper particles at the bottom of the liquid chamber through the liquid hole (101). The entire suction cup (10) generates uniform suction force. The adsorbed small copper particles enter the lower side of the suction cup (10) along with the copper sulfate solution and enter the circulation system. During the circulation process, they are fully oxidized by contact with air to generate copper oxide. The copper oxide further reacts with sulfuric acid to generate copper sulfate solution.

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