Offshore photovoltaic power generation ship and working method

Abstract

The offshore photovoltaic power generation ship comprises a ship body, folding type supports are connected to the two sides of the ship body, support shafts are arranged at the tops of the folding type supports, the multiple folding type supports are connected through the support shafts to form a multi-section type folding structure, and a volume adjusting device is arranged at the joint of each folding type support and the corresponding support shaft. A photovoltaic panel is arranged on the surface of the folding support, a cab is arranged at the end of the ship body, and a limiting device is arranged between the end of the folding support and the ship body. The folding type supports can be folded in a non-power-generation operation state, the space occupied by equipment on a ship body is greatly reduced, wind resistance generated when the ship body sails is reduced, the sailing flexibility is improved, the included angle between each section of folding type support and the horizontal plane can be adjusted in a targeted mode according to the real-time sun irradiation angle during offshore power generation operation, and the power generation efficiency is improved. Therefore, the photovoltaic panel always receives solar radiation energy at a better angle, the light energy absorption efficiency is improved to the maximum extent, and the photovoltaic generating capacity is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular relates to a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy development, offshore photovoltaic (PV) power generation has become an important development direction for PV technology due to its advantages such as not being limited by land resources and having stable sunlight conditions. Currently, offshore PV power generation equipment is mainly divided into two categories: fixed offshore PV power stations and mobile PV operation vessels. Fixed offshore PV power stations generate electricity by installing photovoltaic panels on fixed supports at sea. However, this type of equipment is limited by its fixed installation structure and cannot be moved to different operating areas according to actual needs. Moreover, the fixed supports are exposed to the marine environment for a long time, making them susceptible to erosion from wind and waves, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0003] While mobile photovoltaic (PV) operation vessels have solved the problem of flexible relocation of work areas, they still have significant shortcomings in structural design and functional adaptability. On the one hand, the PV panels on existing mobile PV operation vessels are mostly installed directly on the hull surface via fixed brackets, which cannot be folded for storage. In non-power generation operation states (such as during navigation or port calls), the fixed brackets and PV panels occupy a large amount of space on the hull, increasing wind resistance during navigation, reducing navigational flexibility, and placing higher demands on port storage space, resulting in poor convenience for equipment transportation and storage. On the other hand, the bracket angles on existing mobile PV operation vessels are mostly fixed, or can only be adjusted manually to achieve limited angle changes. Because the angle of sunlight at sea is affected by factors such as the alternation of day and night and seasonal changes, it exhibits complex and variable characteristics. Fixed-angle brackets cannot ensure that photovoltaic panels receive solar radiation at the optimal angle at all times, resulting in low light energy absorption efficiency and difficulty in increasing photovoltaic power generation. Manual adjustment not only requires staff to operate the equipment at close range, posing a high safety risk, but the adjustment process is also time-consuming and labor-intensive, and cannot be quickly adapted to real-time changes in the angle of sunlight, further limiting the power generation efficiency and practicality of the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel and its operating method are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel and operating method that can balance space utilization efficiency, light adaptability and ease of operation of marine photovoltaic power generation equipment, so as to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of space utilization flexibility, light angle adaptability and ease of operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel, comprising a hull, folding brackets connected to both sides of the hull, a bracket shaft provided at the top of the folding brackets, multiple folding brackets connected by the bracket shaft to form a multi-segment folding structure, a volume adjustment device provided at the connection between each folding bracket and the bracket shaft, a photovoltaic panel provided on the surface of the folding bracket, a bridge provided at the end of the hull, and a limit device provided between the end of the folding bracket and the hull.

[0007] Furthermore, the volume adjustment device includes an airbag, which is disposed at the connection between the folding bracket and the bracket shaft. Multiple airbags are interconnected through air tubes, and each airbag is equipped with an air valve for inflation and deflation at its base.

[0008] Furthermore, the limiting device is a rope, which is used to wind up or fix the folding bracket.

[0009] Furthermore, the air valve is a solenoid valve and is electrically connected to the control system in the driver's cab to realize automatic control of airbag inflation and deflation.

[0010] Furthermore, a compressor is also installed on the air pipe, which is electrically connected to the control system in the driver's cab and is used to deliver compressed gas to the airbag.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided at the output end of the compressor. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control system and is used to monitor the gas pressure inside the airbag and feed it back to the control system in the driver's cab.

[0012] Furthermore, the folding bracket unfolds to form an inclined structure, and the angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is adjustable from 15° to 60°.

[0013] Furthermore, the photovoltaic panel is detachably connected to the folding bracket by bolts, and the edges of the photovoltaic panel are provided with waterproof sealing strips.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for operating a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel, which, using the aforementioned marine photovoltaic power generation vessel, includes the following steps: The ship is driven to the designated marine photovoltaic power generation area, and the volume adjustment device is activated to expand and provide support for the folding support, which drives the multiple folding supports to gradually unfold around the support axis. Based on the real-time angle of sunlight, the cab adjusts the volume by expanding or contracting to change the angle between the corresponding folding bracket and the horizontal plane. Tighten the limiting device between the end of the folding bracket and the hull to fix the folding bracket; Once the folding bracket is fixed in place, the photovoltaic panels on its surface receive solar radiation energy and convert it into electrical energy.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific process by which the opening volume adjustment device expands and provides support to the folding bracket, causing the multiple folding bracket segments to gradually unfold around the bracket axis is as follows: The control system in the cab sends a command to the air valve to open the air valve and start the compressor, so that the compressor delivers compressed gas to the air bladder at the connection between the folding bracket and the bracket shaft through the air pipe. As the gas pressure inside the airbag gradually increases, the airbag expands and provides support to the foldable support structure, causing the multiple foldable support structures to gradually unfold around the support axis.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention provides a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel. By installing foldable supports on both sides of the hull and connecting multiple foldable supports using support shafts to form a multi-segment folding structure, the foldable supports are designed for foldable storage. Photovoltaic panels are installed on the surface of the foldable supports, and each foldable support is equipped with a volume adjustment device at its connection to the support shaft. This device allows for flexible adjustment of the unfolding angle of the foldable supports. In non-power generation operation, the foldable supports can be folded and retracted, significantly reducing the space occupied by the equipment on the hull, reducing wind resistance during navigation, and improving navigational flexibility. During marine power generation operations, the angle between each segment of the foldable support and the horizontal plane can be adjusted according to the real-time solar radiation angle, ensuring the photovoltaic panels always receive solar radiation at an optimal angle, maximizing light absorption efficiency, and thus increasing photovoltaic power generation. This design is suitable for the complex and variable lighting environment at sea.

[0017] Specifically, the limiting device installed between the end of the folding support and the hull can fix and limit the folding support after it is unfolded and adjusted to the optimal angle, effectively restricting the displacement or swaying of the folding support during offshore operations. The marine environment is often accompanied by unstable factors such as wind and waves. The limiting device can prevent the angle of the folding support from shifting or the structure from loosening due to the impact of wind and waves, ensuring that the photovoltaic panels always maintain an efficient receiving angle, while preventing the equipment from being damaged by swaying, and improving the stability and service life of the overall structure in the complex marine environment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram, 1 is the cockpit; 2 is the hull; 3 is the folding support; 5 is the airbag; 6 is the rope; 8 is the air pipe; 9 is the photovoltaic panel; 10 is the air valve; and 13 is the support shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0026] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0027] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0028] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0029] This invention provides a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel, including a hull 2, a folding bracket 3, photovoltaic panels 9 and other components, which can stably dock and operate normally in a preset marine photovoltaic power generation area.

[0030] See Figure 1 Foldable brackets 3 are connected to both sides of the hull 2. The foldable brackets 3 are used to install photovoltaic panels 9 and can be folded and stored to save space. A bracket shaft 13 is set on the top of the foldable bracket 3. The bracket shaft 13 serves as the folding rotation center to realize the rotation function of the foldable bracket 3. Multiple foldable brackets 3 are connected by the bracket shaft 13 to form a multi-segment folding structure. Each foldable bracket 3 is provided with a volume adjustment device at the connection between it and the bracket shaft 13. The volume adjustment device is used to provide support force to adjust the unfolding angle of the foldable bracket 3. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the volume adjustment device includes an airbag 5, which changes its volume by inflating and deflating to provide support; the airbag 5 is disposed at the connection between the folding bracket 3 and the bracket shaft 13, and multiple airbags 5 are interconnected by air pipes 8, which are used to transport gas; each airbag 5 is provided with an air valve 10 at its base for inflating and deflating, which controls the inflation and deflation state of the airbag 5.

[0031] The air valve 10 can be a solenoid valve and is electrically connected to the control system in the cab 1 to realize the automatic control of airbag 5 inflation and deflation. The control system is used to receive instructions and control the coordinated operation of various devices.

[0032] In this embodiment, a compressor is also installed on the air pipe 8. The compressor generates compressed gas and delivers it to the airbag 5 through the air pipe 8. The compressor is electrically connected to the control system in the driver's cab 1 and is used to deliver compressed gas to the airbag 5. A pressure sensor is installed at the output end of the compressor. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the gas pressure inside the airbag 5 in real time. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control system and is used to monitor the gas pressure inside the airbag 5 and feed it back to the control system in the driver's cab 1.

[0033] The folding bracket 3 is provided with a photovoltaic panel 9 on its surface. The photovoltaic panel 9 is used to absorb solar radiation and convert it into electrical energy. The end of the hull 2 ​​is provided with a bridge 1. The bridge 1 is used to control the operation of the entire ship and adjust the equipment. A limit device is provided between the end of the folding bracket 3 and the hull 2. The limit device is used to fix the unfolded state of the folding bracket 3.

[0034] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the limiting device is a rope 6, which is used to wind up or fix the folding bracket 3, and to limit the displacement of the folding bracket 3 by adjusting its tension. The rope 6 can be a steel wire rope, used to fix the unfolded state of the folding bracket 3 and ensure the stability of the folding bracket 3 during operation.

[0035] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the folding bracket 3 unfolds to form an inclined structure, and the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is adjustable from 15° to 60°. This angle range is used to adapt to different solar altitude angles to improve power generation efficiency.

[0036] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic panel 9 is detachably connected to the folding bracket 3 by bolts, which facilitates installation and replacement; the edge of the photovoltaic panel 9 is provided with a waterproof sealing strip, which is used to prevent seawater from seeping in and damaging the photovoltaic panel 9.

[0037] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for operating a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel, specifically including the following steps: S1, the hull 2 ​​is driven to the preset marine photovoltaic power generation area, the volume adjustment device is activated to expand and generate support force on the folding bracket 3, driving the multiple folding brackets 3 to gradually unfold around the bracket shaft 13 as the axis. In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the operator controls the entire vessel from the bridge 1, navigating the hull 2 ​​to a preset offshore photovoltaic power generation area, and activates the volume adjustment device. Through the supporting force generated by its expansion, the multi-section folding support 3 is driven to gradually unfold around the support shaft 13 as the axis. The specific execution process is as follows: The control system in the cab 1 sends a start command to the air valve 10 in the volume adjustment device. Since the air valve 10 is a solenoid valve and is electrically connected to the control system, it can quickly respond to the command and open. At the same time, the control system starts the compressor installed on the air pipe 8 to put the compressor into working state and start to generate and output compressed gas. The compressor delivers compressed gas to each airbag 5 at the connection between the folding bracket 3 and the bracket shaft 13 via interconnected air pipes 8. As compressed gas is continuously input, the gas pressure inside the airbag 5 gradually increases, and the airbag 5 expands accordingly. During this process, the pressure sensor at the compressor output end monitors the gas pressure inside the airbag 5 in real time and feeds the monitoring data back to the control system in the cab 1, providing data support for pressure regulation and airbag expansion control, ensuring that the expansion process is stable and controllable. The inflated airbag 5 provides upward support to the folding bracket 3, while the bracket shaft 13 serves as the folding rotation center, providing a structural basis for the rotation of the folding bracket 3. Under the action of the support force, multiple folding brackets 3 connected by the bracket shaft 13 to form a multi-segment folding structure gradually unfold around the bracket shaft 13, changing from a folded storage state to an unfolded state to be adjusted, creating space conditions for the photovoltaic panel 9 to receive solar radiation energy.

[0038] S2, based on the real-time angle of sunlight, the cab 1 adjusts the volume adjustment device to expand or contract, changing the angle between the corresponding folding bracket 3 and the horizontal plane. In a more specific embodiment of the invention, since the folding bracket 3 forms an inclined structure after unfolding, its angle with the horizontal plane can be adjusted within the range of 15°-60°. This angle range needs to be adapted to the real-time solar altitude angle to maximize the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 9 in receiving solar radiation. The operator monitors the real-time solar irradiation angle through the cab 1 and transmits the adjustment command to the control system. According to instructions, the control system controls the opening and closing of the air valve 10 and the operating power of the compressor for the airbags 5 corresponding to the folding brackets 3 at different positions: if it is necessary to increase the angle between the folding brackets 3 and the horizontal plane, the control system instructs the air valve 10 of the corresponding airbag 5 to open and the compressor to increase the output power, delivering more compressed gas to the airbag 5, causing the airbag 5 to expand further, enhancing the supporting force on the folding brackets 3, and driving the bracket to rotate around the bracket shaft 13, increasing the slope angle; if it is necessary to decrease the angle, the control system opens the air valve 10 to release the gas, allowing some of the gas inside the airbag 5 to be discharged through the air pipe 8, the airbag 5 to contract, the supporting force to weaken, and the folding brackets 3 to rotate in the opposite direction around the bracket shaft 13 under the action of their own structural characteristics, reducing the slope angle.

[0039] During the angle adjustment process, the pressure sensor continuously monitors the gas pressure inside each airbag 5 and feeds the data back to the control system in real time. The control system judges the degree of expansion or contraction of the airbag 5 based on the pressure data, and then precisely controls the angle of the folding bracket 3 to ensure that the adjusted angle is stable at the optimal value that matches the real-time solar irradiation angle, thus providing angle guarantee for the high-efficiency power generation of the photovoltaic panel 9.

[0040] S3, tighten the limiting device between the end of the folding bracket 3 and the hull 2 ​​to fix the folding bracket 3; In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, after the angle of the folding bracket 3 is adjusted to the optimal state, the operator tightens the limiting device, i.e., the rope 6, between the end of the folding bracket 3 and the hull 2 ​​to fix the folding bracket 3: The rope 6 is tightened by winding up to hold the end of the folding bracket 3 tightly, limiting the displacement of the folding bracket 3 during subsequent power generation operations. This prevents the bracket angle from shifting or the structure from swaying due to environmental factors such as sea waves, ensuring that the folding bracket 3 remains at the optimal angle that has been adjusted, and providing structural stability for the photovoltaic panel 9 to stably receive solar radiation.

[0041] S4, After the folding bracket 3 is fixed, the photovoltaic panel 9 on its surface receives solar radiation energy and converts it into electrical energy.

[0042] In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, after the folding bracket 3 is fixed, the photovoltaic panel 9, which is detachably connected to its surface by bolts, officially enters the power generation working state: The photovoltaic panel 9 receives solar radiation energy and converts light energy into electrical energy, completing the energy conversion process. During this process, the waterproof sealing strips set on the edges of the photovoltaic panel 9 play a role in effectively preventing seawater from seeping into the interior of the photovoltaic panel 9, avoiding damage to the circuit and core components of the photovoltaic panel 9 by seawater, and ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic panel 9 in the humid marine environment; at the same time, the folding bracket 3 maintains a fixed optimal angle to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 9 always receives solar radiation energy with the highest efficiency, maximizing the power generation efficiency.

[0043] During continuous power generation, if the angle of solar irradiation changes, the above steps can be repeated to adjust the inflation and deflation status of the volume adjustment device through the control system, change the angle of the folding bracket 3, and then tighten the rope 6 to fix the bracket, so that the photovoltaic panel 9 always adapts to the angle of solar irradiation and maintains a high-efficiency power generation state. When the power generation operation is completed, the air valve 10 can be controlled by the control system to release the air, causing the airbag 5 to contract, releasing the support force on the folding bracket 3, and then the rope 6 can be loosened to fold and store the folding bracket 3 around the bracket shaft 13, reducing space occupation and making it easier for the hull 2 ​​to sail to other areas or dock for storage.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A marine photovoltaic power generation vessel, characterized in that, The ship includes a hull (2), with folding brackets (3) connected to both sides of the hull (2). A bracket shaft (13) is provided on the top of the folding bracket (3). Multiple folding brackets (3) are connected through the bracket shaft (13) to form a multi-segment folding structure. A volume adjustment device is provided at the connection between each folding bracket (3) and the bracket shaft (13). A photovoltaic panel (9) is provided on the surface of the folding bracket (3). A driver's cab (1) is provided at the end of the hull (2). A limit device is provided between the end of the folding bracket (3) and the hull (2).

2. A marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume adjustment device includes an airbag (5), which is located at the connection between the folding bracket (3) and the bracket shaft (13). Multiple airbags (5) are interconnected through air tubes (8), and each airbag (5) is equipped with an air valve (10) for inflation and deflation at its root.

3. The marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting device is a rope (6), which is used to wind up or fix the folding bracket (3).

4. A marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air valve (10) is a solenoid valve and is electrically connected to the control system in the cab (1) to realize automatic control of airbag (5) inflation and deflation.

5. A marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that, A compressor is also installed on the air pipe (8), which is electrically connected to the control system in the cab (1) and is used to deliver compressed gas to the airbag (5).

6. A marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The compressor output is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is electrically connected to the control system to monitor the gas pressure in the airbag (5) and feed it back to the control system in the cab (1).

7. A marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The folding bracket (3) unfolds to form an inclined structure, and the angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is adjustable from 15° to 60°.

8. A marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel (9) is detachably connected to the folding bracket (3) by bolts, and the edge of the photovoltaic panel (9) is provided with a waterproof sealing strip.

9. A method for operating a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel, characterized in that, The application of a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: The ship (2) is driven to the preset marine photovoltaic power generation area, the volume adjustment device is activated to expand and generate support force on the folding bracket (3), and the multiple folding brackets (3) are gradually unfolded with the bracket shaft (13) as the axis. Based on the real-time angle of sunlight, the volume adjustment device in the cab (1) is used to expand or contract to change the angle between the corresponding folding bracket (3) and the horizontal plane. Tighten the limiting device between the end of the folding bracket (3) and the hull (2) to fix the folding bracket (3); After the folding bracket (3) is fixed, the photovoltaic panel (9) on its surface receives solar radiation energy and converts it into electrical energy.

10. The operating method of a marine photovoltaic power generation vessel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The specific process by which the opening volume adjustment device expands and generates a supporting force on the folding bracket (3), thereby driving the multi-segment folding bracket (3) to gradually unfold around the bracket shaft (13) is as follows: The control system in the cab (1) sends a command to the air valve (10) to open the air valve (10) and start the compressor, so that the compressor delivers compressed gas to the airbag (5) at the connection between the folding bracket (3) and the bracket shaft (13) through the air pipe (8); As the gas pressure inside the airbag (5) gradually increases, the airbag (5) expands and generates a supporting force on the foldable support (3), causing the multi-segment foldable support (3) to gradually unfold around the support shaft (13).

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