Coal dust suppressant and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suppressants, and particularly relates to a coal dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof. Every 100 parts by weight of the coal dust suppressant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-35 parts of a polymer binder, 3-8 parts of a polysaccharide binder, 10-12 parts of a moisture absorbent, 1-2 parts of an inorganic salt aid, 1-3 parts of a surfactant, 1-3 parts of sodium lactate and the balance of water. The coal dust suppressant can still keep excellent stability and rapid solubility under the low-temperature condition, biodegradable natural polysaccharide and a small amount of inorganic salt are adopted as main raw materials, and the prepared coal dust suppressant effectively avoids introduction of toxic and harmful substances; meanwhile, all the dust suppressant products are made of food-grade or medical-grade degradable raw materials, so that the dust suppressant products are environment-friendly in the whole life cycle, and the risk of secondary pollution is avoided. In the aspect of dust suppression performance, the coal dust suppressant can form a high-strength and high-thickness compact crusting layer on the surface of a coal pile after being diluted and sprayed, and the strength of the coal dust suppressant exceeds 80HA.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dust suppressant technology, specifically relating to a coal dust suppressant and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, commonly used dust suppression methods mainly include physical means such as spraying water, covering, and windbreaks. Among these, spraying water, while simple and economical, has problems such as large water consumption, short dust suppression time (generally only 2-4 hours), easy freezing at low temperatures, and repeated spraying may lead to a decrease in the calorific value of coal. Covering and windbreaks, on the other hand, are limited in practical application due to their limited dust suppression range, high cost, and difficulty in large-scale application.

[0003] With the development of chemical dust suppression technology, chemical coal dust suppressants have become a research hotspot due to their good dust suppression effect and long-lasting effect. These coal dust suppressants form a bonded and solidified layer by being sprayed onto the surface of the coal pile, thereby effectively suppressing dust dispersion. However, existing coal dust suppressants still have shortcomings in terms of low-temperature storage and use, film-forming performance, environmental adaptability, and environmental friendliness. Specifically, liquid coal dust suppressants are prone to stratification and deterioration at low temperatures, solid coal dust suppressants are difficult to dissolve, film-forming and solidification times typically require 5-6 hours or even longer, and the solidified layer thickness is insufficient with low bonding strength, making them prone to cracking under temperature changes or strong winds, resulting in a significant decrease in dust suppression effect.

[0004] In the prior art, CN117264602A discloses a biopolymer coal dust suppressant and its preparation method, mainly composed of lignin and cellulose. The preparation process uses ethanol and involves an evaporation step, posing a risk of production accidents caused by ethanol vapor. Furthermore, this solid coal dust suppressant dissolves slowly and is difficult to mix evenly below 0°C, easily causing pipe blockage during spraying. CN118580837A discloses a polymer dust suppressant, its preparation method, and its application, mainly involving an algae-based silica-alumina fiber polymer coal dust suppressant, which also faces problems such as low-temperature insolubility, uneven mixing, and nozzle blockage. CN117567988A provides a low-temperature rapid condensation high-speed railway coal high-speed transportation dust suppressant and its preparation method, disclosing a liquid coal dust suppressant resistant to -20°C. Although it has good water solubility, its crust strength is low, and the formula contains recalcitrant styrene sulfonate and low-toxicity polyvinylpyrrolidone, posing potential hazards to the environment and human health.

[0005] In summary, the existing coal dust suppressant technology has the following main problems: (1) solid coal dust suppressants have poor solubility at low temperatures, and dissolve slowly and unevenly; (2) some gel or cross-linked materials in liquid coal dust suppressants are difficult to degrade, and the crust hardness is insufficient, making it difficult to maintain a long-term effective dust suppression effect when the height of the coal pile increases.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to develop new coal dust suppressants that combine high strength and good adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a coal dust suppressant and its preparation method, which solves the technical problems of traditional coal dust suppressants being easy to freeze and difficult to dissolve in cold environments.

[0009] (II) Technical Solution

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a coal dust suppressant, comprising, by weight, 15-35 parts of a polymer binder, 3-8 parts of a polysaccharide binder, 10-12 parts of a hygroscopic agent, 1-2 parts of an inorganic salt additive, 1-3 parts of a surfactant, 1-3 parts of sodium lactate and the balance being water per 100 parts by weight.

[0011] Optionally, the polymeric adhesive is selected from at least two of vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and ethylene-acrylate copolymer.

[0012] Optionally, the ethylene-acrylate copolymer is selected from at least one of ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, and ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.

[0013] Optionally, the vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer is a composition of VA64 and VA73, wherein the mass ratio of VA64 to VA73 is 0.8-1.2:9, more preferably 1:9.

[0014] An appropriate mass ratio of VA64 and VA73 achieves an effective balance between water solubility and structural strength. A higher proportion of VA73 enhances the system's hydrophilicity and hygroscopic capacity, facilitating rapid spread of the dust suppressant on the coal surface and maintaining moderate internal moisture. Meanwhile, the introduction of an appropriate amount of VA64 contributes the necessary molecular chain rigidity and cross-linking potential, ensuring that the final cured layer possesses good dust suppression strength while retaining a certain degree of elasticity, preventing cracking and detachment due to excessive brittleness in practical applications. This ratio balances the solubility and dispersion performance during construction with the mechanical properties of the crust during use, achieving synergistic optimization of dust suppression effect and durability.

[0015] Optionally, the polysaccharide binder is at least one of pullulan, malt syrup, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gum arabic, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0016] Optionally, the polysaccharide binder comprises a first polysaccharide binder and a second polysaccharide binder, wherein the first polysaccharide binder is pullulan, and the second polysaccharide binder is selected from at least one of malt syrup, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gum arabic, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0017] Optionally, the mass ratio of the first polysaccharide binder to the second polysaccharide binder is (3.5-4.5):6.

[0018] Optionally, the desiccant is selected from at least one of glycerol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, sorbitol, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol, preferably 1,3-propanediol. Glycerol, 1,2-propanediol, and 1,3-propanediol have low volatility, high boiling point, and excellent hygroscopic and antifreeze properties, effectively ensuring the stability of the product during storage and application under low-temperature conditions. Simultaneously, these substances are non-flammable, have low toxicity, and possess certain antibacterial properties. Compared to other alcohols, they have comprehensive advantages in terms of environmental friendliness, storage safety, and usability, making them particularly suitable for coal dust suppression systems that require long-term exposure to variable outdoor environments.

[0019] The inorganic salt additive is selected from one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, preferably sodium chloride;

[0020] The surfactant is selected from one of glucosinolates, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylates, alcohol ether glycosides, sophorolipids, rhamnolipids, and trehaloses, preferably glucosinolates.

[0021] Furthermore, the glucoside APG can be at least one of APG0810, APG0814, APG1214, APG0816, and APG1216. APG0810 is preferred in this invention. The alcohol ether glycoside AEG can be at least one of AEG1000, AEG2000, and AEG3000.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the coal dust suppressant described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. Add water to a container and heat to 40-50℃. Then add the polymer binder and stir for 5-10 minutes. Continue to add the polysaccharide binder and sodium lactate and stir until completely dissolved.

[0024] S2. Add water to another container, heat to 60-70℃, then add desiccant and surfactant, and stir until completely dissolved;

[0025] S3. Add water to another container, heat to 35-45℃, then add inorganic salt additives and stir until evenly dispersed. Then add the solutions of S1 and S2 simultaneously and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the coal dust suppressant.

[0026] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for suppressing coal dust, comprising the steps of:

[0027] S1. Dilute the coal dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1-8 with water by 30-100 times to obtain a spraying agent;

[0028] S2. Spray 3-4 kg of the spray agent per square meter of area.

[0029] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0030] The coal dust suppressant of this invention can maintain excellent stability and rapid solubility under low temperature conditions, effectively solving the defects of traditional products that are easy to freeze and difficult to dissolve in cold environments.

[0031] This invention uses biodegradable natural polysaccharides and a small amount of inorganic salts as the main raw materials to prepare a coal dust suppressant that effectively prevents the introduction of toxic and harmful substances, ensuring environmental and personal safety during use. At the same time, the dust suppressant product uses only food-grade or medical-grade biodegradable raw materials, ensuring that it is environmentally friendly throughout its entire life cycle and has no risk of secondary pollution.

[0032] In terms of dust suppression performance, when diluted with water at a ratio of 30-100 and sprayed at a rate of 3.5 kg per square meter, this coal dust suppressant can form a high-strength, thick, dense crust layer on the surface of the coal pile. The crust layer has a strength exceeding 80 HA and a thickness of over 10 mm, with a wind erosion rate of 0.12%. This not only effectively resists strong winds and significantly reduces coal dust erosion, but also maintains a stable dust suppression effect even with increased coal pile height in actual stockpiles, thus significantly reducing coal loss and demonstrating outstanding economic benefits and broad social significance. Furthermore, the preparation process of this dust suppressant is simple and efficient, with low energy consumption and no waste pollution, facilitating large-scale industrial production and combining outstanding environmental and economic benefits. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0034] The functions of each component in the coal inhibitor of this invention are described below:

[0035] The polymer binders of the coal dust suppressant form the skeleton of the coal dust suppressant. With their strong bonding ability and long molecular chains, they tightly crosslink the coal particles together to form a high-strength and high-toughness solidified shell (compressive strength > 80HA).

[0036] To optimize the film structure and enhance the shelling performance, this invention incorporates a polysaccharide binder. These natural polymers synergistically enhance the shell's density and thickness, resulting in superior wind erosion resistance.

[0037] To ensure the normal operation of this coal dust suppressant under extremely cold conditions, this invention employs a compound of hygroscopic agents (such as the antifreeze 1,3-propanediol), inorganic salt additives (such as sodium chloride), and sodium lactate to collectively lower the freezing point of the coal dust suppressant, thus giving the product low-temperature stability and applicability. These additives effectively absorb and lock in moisture, significantly lowering the freezing point of the entire system. This solves the problems of liquid coal dust suppressants easily freezing at low temperatures and solid coal dust suppressants being difficult to dissolve, allowing the product to remain liquid even at extremely low temperatures of -18°C, preventing clogging of spray pipes.

[0038] The surfactant in the coal dust suppressant functions as a wetting and spreading agent. It reduces the surface tension of the solution and decreases the contact angle, allowing it to quickly and evenly cover the hydrophobic coal pile surface. This improves the wetting performance of the coal dust suppressant and avoids problems such as weak dust surface crusting or pipe blockage caused by uneven spraying or droplet aggregation. The surfactants used in this invention are all biologically derived, and do not cause secondary pollution to the environment, microorganisms, or vegetation.

[0039] Sodium lactate added to the coal dust suppressant plays a dual role in regulating pH and assisting in moisturizing, helping to maintain the stability of each component during storage and use. Compared with sodium acetate, sodium lactate has significant advantages, including: In terms of moisturizing performance: Sodium lactate molecules have three hydroxyl groups, resulting in stronger hydrogen bonding and significantly better moisturizing performance than sodium acetate; experimental data shows that under the same humidity, the moisturizing capacity of sodium lactate is 1.8 times that of sodium acetate, and sodium acetate is prone to crystallization during long-term storage. On the surface of coal dust at pH=8, sodium lactate maintains a stable buffer, while sodium acetate will cause the local pH to drop to 5.2, weakening the polymer adhesion. In addition, sodium lactate has better resistance to high-temperature storage in summer, and when diluted with tap water, sodium lactate can also... 2+ / Mg 2+ Sodium acetate forms soluble complexes (preventing precipitation), while it readily forms calcium acetate precipitate from calcium ions in tap water (clogging nozzles). Sodium lactate promotes the unfolding of polyacrylate molecular chains, increases the density of hydrogen bond crosslinking, and enhances the strength of the shell layer.

[0040] In the coal dust suppressant system, the synergistic effect of different components significantly improves the overall performance. The polymer binder and polysaccharide binder work together to strengthen the structure of the cured layer from both macroscopic bonding strength and microscopic network construction perspectives. Their combination not only improves the mechanical strength and thickness of the shell but also enhances its resistance to cracking and deformation. The hygroscopic agent and inorganic salt additives jointly maintain the system's low-temperature liquid stability, preventing excessive evaporation or freezing of moisture, while providing the necessary plasticizing and penetration environment for the formation of the bonding network. The surfactant and sodium lactate optimize the film-forming process from both physical wetting and chemical environment perspectives, enabling the dust suppressant to spread quickly and uniformly on the coal powder surface and maintaining the stability of the system components during film formation. Therefore, the components are not simply superimposed but form a complementary and synergistic integrated relationship within the formulation system, ultimately achieving a comprehensive breakthrough in the dust suppressant's low-temperature adaptability, environmental friendliness, ease of construction, and final dust suppression performance.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The coal dust suppressant of this embodiment contains 20 kg of vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (VA64 and VA73 are compounded in a mass ratio of 1:9), 7 kg of polysaccharide composite binder (pullulan polysaccharide and sodium alginate are compounded in a mass ratio of 4:6), 10 kg of 1,3-propanediol, 1.5 kg of sodium chloride, 2.5 kg of surfactant APG0810, 1 kg of sodium lactate, and 59 kg of water.

[0043] The preparation method of the coal dust suppressant in this embodiment includes the following steps: First, 15 kg of water is added to a first mixing tank and heated to 45°C. Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer is mixed evenly and added, and stirred for 8 minutes. Then, polysaccharide composite binder and sodium lactate are added, and stirred for another 15 minutes to obtain a first mixture. Next, 15 kg of water is added to a second mixing tank and heated to 65°C. 1,3-propanediol and APG0810 are mixed and added, and stirred for 8 minutes to obtain a second mixture. Finally, 29 kg of water is added to a third mixing tank and heated to 40°C. Sodium chloride is added, and stirred for 8 minutes until the liquid is uniform. Then, the first mixture and the second mixture are added simultaneously, and stirred for another 10 minutes until the system is homogeneous to obtain the coal dust suppressant.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Unlike Example 1, this example uses an equal amount of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion to replace the vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (a 1:9 mixture of VA64 and VA73) in Example 1, while other components and contents remain unchanged.

[0046] The preparation method of the coal inhibitor in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] Unlike Example 1, this example uses an equal amount of xanthan gum to replace pullulan, while other components and their contents remain unchanged.

[0049] The preparation method of the coal inhibitor in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Unlike Example 1, this example uses an equal amount of xanthan gum to replace sodium alginate, while other components and contents remain unchanged.

[0052] The preparation method of the coal inhibitor in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] Unlike Example 1, this example uses 20 kg of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer to replace an equal amount of vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (a 1:9 mixture of VA64 and VA73), while other components and contents remain unchanged.

[0055] The preparation method of the coal inhibitor in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] The coal dust suppressant of this embodiment contains 20 kg of vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (VA64 and VA73 are compounded in a mass ratio of 1:9), 7 kg of xanthan gum, 10 kg of 1,3-propanediol, 1.5 kg of sodium chloride, 2.5 kg of surfactant APG0810, 1 kg of sodium lactate and 59 kg of water.

[0058] Example 7

[0059] Unlike Example 6, this example uses an equal amount of pullulan to replace xanthan gum, while other components and their contents remain unchanged.

[0060] The preparation method of the coal inhibitor in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 6.

[0061] Example 8

[0062] Unlike Example 6, this example uses an equal amount of sodium alginate to replace xanthan gum in the formulation, while other components and their contents remain unchanged.

[0063] The preparation method of the coal inhibitor in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 6.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] Unlike Example 1, this comparative example does not add 7 kg of polysaccharide composite binder, but adds 7 kg of water, while keeping other components and contents unchanged.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] Unlike Example 1, this comparative example does not add 20 kg of vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, but adds 20 kg of water, while keeping other components and contents unchanged.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] Unlike Example 1, this comparative example does not add 1.5 kg of sodium chloride, but adds 1.5 kg of water, while keeping other components and contents unchanged.

[0070] Comparative Example 4

[0071] Unlike Example 1, this comparative example uses 10 kg of vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (a 1:9 mixture of VA64 and VA73), while keeping the other components and contents unchanged.

[0072] The coal inhibitor in this comparative example was prepared using the same method as in Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 5

[0074] Unlike Example 1, this comparative example uses 0.8 kg of gum arabic to replace an equal amount of pullulan, and 1.2 kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to replace an equal amount of sodium alginate, while other components and contents remain unchanged.

[0075] The coal inhibitor in this comparative example was prepared using the same method as in Example 1.

[0076] 1. Wind erosion rate measurement

[0077] The wind erosion rate test was conducted in accordance with TB / T 3210.1-2020 "Technical Conditions for Dust Suppression in Railway Coal Transportation Part 1: Dust Suppressants". The samples were cured at -10±2℃, 25±2℃, and 40±2℃ for 5 hours, 3 hours, and 1.5 hours, respectively, and then placed in wind tunnels with wind speeds of 15 m / s and 30 m / s for 30 minutes. The mass before and after the wind erosion test was measured.

[0078] The wind erosion rate is calculated using the following formula: E=(m1-m2) / (m1-m0)

[0079] In the formula:

[0080] E: Wind erosion rate (%)

[0081] m0: Mass of empty pallet (g);

[0082] m1: Total mass (g) of coal sample before erosion, coal dust suppressant and empty tray.

[0083] m2: Total mass (g) of the eroded coal sample, coal dust suppressant, and empty tray.

[0084] 2. Determination of crust thickness

[0085] At 25±2℃, the thickness of the crust on the cross-section of the coal sample after spraying coal dust suppressant was measured using vernier calipers. Three points were randomly selected for each sample, and the average value was taken after three measurements. The results are expressed in millimeters (mm).

[0086] 3. Compressive strength test

[0087] The surface hardness of the coal dust suppressant crust layer was measured using a Shore A hardness tester at 25±2℃ to characterize its compressive strength. The results are expressed in Shore A hardness (HA).

[0088] Table 1: Performance test results of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-8 of the present invention

[0089]

[0090] Table 1 shows that the composite polymer binder formulation system is superior to the single polymer binder system in terms of wind erosion rate, crust strength, and crust thickness. As the polymer binder content decreases, the resulting inhibitor viscosity becomes too low, the wind erosion rate increases significantly, and the crust strength and thickness also decrease markedly. This indicates that the rational design of the type and ratio of polymer binders plays a crucial role in promoting coal powder cross-linking and improving dust suppression and crust formation performance.

[0091] Further analysis showed that the polysaccharide binder system composed of pullulan and xanthan gum or sodium alginate exhibited superior wind erosion rate, crust strength, and thickness compared to other polysaccharide blends and single polysaccharide systems. As the content of this blend decreased, the wind erosion rate increased, and the crust formation performance declined, indicating that the selection and proportion control of the polysaccharide binder significantly affects the film structure and dust suppression effect.

[0092] Furthermore, by rationally controlling the synergistic ratio of the three components—polymer binder, polysaccharide binder, and hygroscopic agent—this formulation system can still remain liquid at a low temperature of -18±2℃, demonstrating good low-temperature stability.

[0093] In summary, this invention provides a high-strength coal dust suppressant, prepared using biodegradable natural polysaccharides and a small amount of inorganic salts as main raw materials through a physical blending process. It is suitable for dust suppression in coal mines and railway transportation. This product combines biodegradability with low-temperature stability, exhibiting a crust strength exceeding 80HA and a crust thickness exceeding 12mm after application, demonstrating excellent dust suppression effects and promising application prospects.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal dust suppressant, characterized in that, By weight, each 100 parts by weight contains 15-35 parts of polymer binder, 3-8 parts of polysaccharide binder, 10-12 parts of hygroscopic agent, 1-2 parts of inorganic salt additive, 1-3 parts of surfactant, 1-3 parts of sodium lactate and the balance water.

2. The coal dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymeric binder is selected from at least two of the following: vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer.

3. The coal dust suppressant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer is a composition of VA64 and VA73, wherein the mass ratio of VA64 to VA73 is 0.8-1.2:9, more preferably 1:

9.

4. The coal dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polysaccharide binder is at least one of pullulan, malt syrup, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gum arabic, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

5. The coal dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The polysaccharide binder comprises a first polysaccharide binder and a second polysaccharide binder, wherein the first polysaccharide binder is pullulan, and the second polysaccharide binder is selected from at least one of malt syrup, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gum arabic, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

6. The coal dust suppressant according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the first type of polysaccharide binder to the second type of polysaccharide binder is 3.5-4.5:

6.

7. The coal dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hygroscopic agent is selected from at least one of glycerol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, sorbitol, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol, preferably 1,3-propanediol; The inorganic salt additive is selected from one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, preferably sodium chloride; The surfactant is selected from one of glucosinolates, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylates, alcohol ether glycosides, sophorolipids, rhamnolipids, and trehalolipids.

8. The coal dust suppressant according to claim 7, characterized in that: The glucoside is selected from at least one of APG0810, APG0814, APG1214, APG0816, and APG1216; the alcohol ether glycoside is selected from at least one of AEG1000, AEG2000, and AEG3000.

9. A method for preparing a coal dust suppressant as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Add water to a container and heat to 40-50℃. Then add the polymer binder and stir for 5-10 minutes. Continue to add the polysaccharide binder and sodium lactate and stir until completely dissolved. S2. Add water to another container, heat to 60-70℃, then add desiccant and surfactant, and stir until completely dissolved; S3. Add water to another container, heat to 35-45℃, then add inorganic salt additives and stir until evenly dispersed. Then add the solutions of S1 and S2 simultaneously and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the coal dust suppressant.

10. A method for suppressing coal dust, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Dilute the coal dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1-8 with water by 30-100 times to obtain a spraying agent; S2. Spray 3-4 kg of the spray agent per square meter of area.

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