Photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling and power generation and water collection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic curtain walls, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling and a power generation and water collection method. The photovoltaic curtain wall system comprises a photovoltaic glass array and a hydrogel temperature adjusting module, the top of the hydrogel temperature adjusting module is an obliquely-arranged condensation top plate, the bottom of the hydrogel temperature adjusting module is a water collecting unit, the front face of the hydrogel temperature adjusting module is a hydrogel layer, and the back face of the hydrogel temperature adjusting module is a hydrophobic heat preservation layer. The front face of the photovoltaic glass array faces the external environment, and the back face of the photovoltaic glass array is fixedly connected with the front face of the hydrogel layer. An inner cavity of the hydrogel temperature adjusting module is a water collecting inner cavity; heat generated by the photovoltaic glass array in photovoltaic power generation enables moisture in the hydrogel layer to be vaporized and then dissipated into the water collection inner cavity, vaporous water in the water collection inner cavity is condensed into liquid drops after making contact with the condensation top plate, the side plates and the hydrophobic heat preservation layer, and the liquid drops fall into the water collection unit. The temperature rise of the photovoltaic curtain wall in the photovoltaic power generation process can be reduced, and the summer air conditioner refrigeration load in a building where the photovoltaic curtain wall is located is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of photovoltaic curtain wall technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling and a method for generating electricity and collecting water. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) curtain walls, primarily focus on the power generation function of the PV curtain wall, as well as the good lighting and visual aesthetics it brings to the building.

[0003] However, besides the temperature rise caused by solar radiation to the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic curtain wall, the photovoltaic panels also generate a large amount of heat during operation, causing the temperature of the photovoltaic curtain wall to far exceed the ambient temperature. When the temperature of the photovoltaic panels exceeds their optimal operating temperature, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency decreases by approximately 0.3% to 0.5% for every 1°C increase in temperature. At the same time, excessively high temperatures in the photovoltaic curtain wall will also significantly increase the summer air conditioning cooling load inside the building where it is located.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a photovoltaic curtain wall system that can minimize the temperature rise during the photovoltaic power generation process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling, which can reduce the temperature rise of the photovoltaic curtain wall during the photovoltaic power generation process and significantly reduce the summer air conditioning cooling load in the building where it is located.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling includes a photovoltaic glass array and a hydrogel temperature control module. The top of the hydrogel temperature control module is an inclined condensing top plate, and the bottom of the hydrogel temperature control module is a water collection unit. The front of the hydrogel temperature control module is a hydrogel layer, and the back of the hydrogel temperature control module is a hydrophobic insulation layer. The front of the photovoltaic glass array faces the external environment, and the back of the photovoltaic glass array is fixedly connected to the front of the hydrogel layer. The inner cavity of the hydrogel temperature control module is referred to as the water collection cavity. The heat generated by the photovoltaic glass array in photovoltaic power generation causes the water in the hydrogel layer to vaporize and escape into the water collection cavity. The gaseous water in the water collection cavity condenses into droplets after contacting the condensing top plate, side plate, and hydrophobic insulation layer, and falls into the water collection unit.

[0007] Preferably, the hydrogel layer includes a connecting backplate, a moisture-absorbing hydrogel, and a water-permeable layer. The connecting backplate and the frame of the water-permeable layer are fixed together to form a box-shaped structure for accommodating the moisture-absorbing hydrogel. The water-permeable layer includes a moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane and a supporting connecting frame. The edge of the moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane is fixed to the supporting connecting frame, and the supporting connecting frame is fixedly connected to the connecting backplate.

[0008] Preferably, one side of the connecting backplate is a smooth surface, and the other side is provided with Y-shaped fins; the smooth surface of the connecting backplate is fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic glass array; the Y-shaped fins are located inside the box-shaped structure that contains the moisture-absorbing hydrogel.

[0009] Preferably, the condensing top plate includes a substrate and a radiation cooling film, with the lower edge of the substrate fixedly connected to the upper edge of the hydrogel layer; the radiation cooling film is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the substrate facing the external environment; a hydrophobic layer is sprayed onto the inner surface of the substrate facing the water collection cavity; and the substrate is inclined towards the water collection cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the condenser top plate also includes several hydrophilic protrusions disposed on the hydrophobic layer on the inner surface of the substrate.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrogel temperature control module further includes a corrugated guide plate, the straight edge of which is fixed to the lower edge of the substrate, and the corrugated edge of which is located inside the water collection cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the water collection unit includes a water collection box, a filter screen, and a water outlet pipe, with the filter screen covering the top of the uncovered water collection box; the water outlet pipe is located at the bottom side of the water collection box.

[0013] Preferably, the side plate is used to connect the hydrogel layer located on the front and the hydrophobic insulation layer located on the back; one side of the hydrophobic insulation layer faces the water collection cavity and the other side faces the building; the hydrogel temperature regulation module also includes a ventilation section, which is fixedly installed on the upper edge of the side plate, and the edge of the ventilation section is connected to the condensation top plate and the side edge of the hydrophobic insulation layer; when the ventilation section is closed, the water collection cavity is not connected to the external environment; when the ventilation section is open, the water collection cavity is connected to the external environment.

[0014] This application also provides a water collection method for power generation, applied to a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling as described above, including the following: when the photovoltaic glass array is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature exceeds the optimal operating temperature, a ventilation section state adjustment strategy is executed. During the execution of the ventilation section state adjustment strategy, gaseous water in the water collection cavity condenses into liquid water and falls into the water collection unit. The ventilation section state adjustment strategy includes the following: First, the ventilation section is closed, and the humidity in the water collection cavity and the humidity of the external environment are monitored in real time; starting from the time the ventilation section is closed, after a time interval Δt1, if the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, the ventilation section is opened; otherwise, the ventilation section remains closed until the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, at which point the ventilation section is opened; Second, starting from the time the ventilation section is opened, after a time interval Δt2, the ventilation section is closed again, and the process returns to the first step.

[0015] Preferably, when the photovoltaic glass array is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature is below the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section is closed; when the photovoltaic glass array is detected to be not generating photovoltaic power, the ventilation section is opened.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: (1) The photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application can effectively reduce the temperature rise of the photovoltaic glass array exceeding the optimal operating temperature during the photovoltaic power generation process based on hydrogel cooling, and significantly reduce the summer air conditioning cooling load in the building where it is located; at the same time, it also uses the waste heat of the photovoltaic glass array during the photovoltaic power generation process to collect moisture in the air through hydrogel cooling, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly; and realizes the efficient synergistic operation of photovoltaic cooling efficiency enhancement and atmospheric water collection.

[0017] (2) In the photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application, the ventilation section, based on the external ambient humidity, whether the photovoltaic glass array is working or not, the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array itself, and the interaction between the condensing top plate, can not only efficiently regulate the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array and improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency by making the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array itself as close as possible to the optimal working temperature; it can also efficiently collect moisture in the air by making full use of the waste heat during the photovoltaic power generation process.

[0018] (3) The photovoltaic power generation and water collection method of this application prioritizes improving the photovoltaic power generation efficiency and then collects water. The ventilation department can adjust the switching state according to the external humidity, whether the photovoltaic glass array is working or not, and the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array itself. In particular, when the photovoltaic glass array is generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature exceeds the optimal working temperature, the ventilation department's state adjustment strategy without the intervention of technical personnel can intelligently and efficiently regulate the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array. By making the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array as close as possible to the optimal working temperature, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved. At the same time, this application also efficiently collects moisture in the air by making full use of the waste heat during the photovoltaic power generation process.

[0019] (4) The power generation and water collection method of this application can cope with different environmental and demand changes, improve the practicality and versatility of the photovoltaic curtain wall system, and improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency and water collection efficiency of the photovoltaic curtain wall system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic glass array and the hydrogel layer combined together; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the hydrogel layer; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the condenser top plate and the corrugated guide plate; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrophobic insulation layer. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the water collection unit. Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the ventilation section.

[0021] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in this application is as follows: 1. Photovoltaic glass array; 2. Hydrogel temperature control module; 21. Hydrogel layer; 211. Connecting backplate; 211a. Y-shaped fins; 212. Moisture-absorbing hydrogel; 213. Water-permeable layer; 2131. Moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane; 2132. Supporting connecting frame; 22. Condensing top plate; 221. Substrate; 222. Radiative cooling film; 223. Hydrophilic protrusion; 23. Ventilation Department; 24. Water collection unit; 241. Water collection box; 242. Filter screen; 243. Water outlet pipe; 25. Side panel; 26. Hydrophobic insulation layer; 27. Corrugated guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical solution of this application clearer and more explicit, the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Solutions derived by those skilled in the art through equivalent substitution and conventional reasoning of the technical features of the technical solution of this application without creative effort all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0023] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to this application, including a composite photovoltaic glass array 1 and a hydrogel temperature regulation module 2. Figure 2 As shown, the front of the photovoltaic glass array 1 faces the external environment, and the back of the photovoltaic glass array 1 is fixedly connected to the front of the hydrogel temperature regulating module 2; the back of the hydrogel temperature regulating module 2 faces the building facade. The hydrogel temperature regulating module 2 cools the photovoltaic glass array 1 by evaporating water from the hydrogel inside it.

[0024] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic glass array 1 is an array composed of one or more photovoltaic glass panels arranged adjacent to each other in an orderly manner. The specific number of photovoltaic glass panels in the photovoltaic glass array 1 depends on the required curtain wall area. This application involves fixing a hydrogel temperature regulating module 2 to the back of the entire photovoltaic glass array 1.

[0025] The hydrogel temperature control module 2 includes a hydrogel layer 21, a condenser top plate 22, a water collection unit 24, a side plate 25, and a hydrophobic insulation layer 26. The top of the hydrogel temperature control module 2 is the inclined condenser top plate 22, the bottom is the water collection unit 24, the front is the hydrogel layer 21, and the back is the hydrophobic insulation layer 26. The inner cavity of the hydrogel temperature control module 2 is referred to as the water collection cavity.

[0026] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, to facilitate viewing the water collection cavity of the hydrogel temperature control module 2 and the hydrogel layer 21, only a portion of the hydrophobic insulation layer 26 is shown; the overall shape of the hydrophobic insulation layer 26 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0027] The heat generated by the photovoltaic glass array 1 during photovoltaic power generation causes the water in the hydrogel layer 21 to vaporize and escape into the water collection cavity. The gaseous water in the water collection cavity comes into contact with the condensation top plate 22, side plate 25 and hydrophobic insulation layer 26 and condenses into droplets, which fall into the water collection unit 24 and are collected by the water collection unit 24.

[0028] like Figure 3 The image shown is an exploded view of the hydrogel layer 21. The hydrogel layer 21 includes a connecting backplate 211, a moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212, and a water-permeable layer 213. The connecting backplate 211 and the frame of the water-permeable layer 213 are fixed together to form a box-like structure for accommodating the moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212. The water-permeable layer 213 includes a moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane 2131 and a supporting connecting frame 2132. The edge of the moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane 2131 is fixed to the supporting connecting frame 2132, and the supporting connecting frame 2132 is fastened to the connecting backplate 211 via a snap-fit ​​structure. The moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane 2131 is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane. The connecting backplate 211 is bonded to the back of the photovoltaic glass array 1 using a high-temperature resistant adhesive.

[0029] Gaseous water can pass through the moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane 2131, but liquid water cannot pass through the moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane 2131; this also avoids the loss of moisture-absorbing salt in the moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212, ensuring the good performance of the moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212 during long-term use.

[0030] Optionally, the connecting backplate 211 is made of a highly thermally conductive material. One side of the connecting backplate 211 is smooth, and the other side is welded with Y-shaped fins 211a. The Y-shaped fins 211a divide the box-like structure formed by the backplate 211 and the permeable layer 213 into several smaller spaces. The adhesion between the Y-shaped fins 211a and the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 ensures that even if the entire hydrogel layer 21 is placed vertically during use, the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 can be more evenly and stably distributed within the hydrogel layer 21 for a longer period, preventing the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 from falling off and accumulating due to gravity. Furthermore, the even and stable distribution can further enhance the thermal conductivity of the hygroscopic hydrogel 212. The smooth surface of the connecting backplate 211 is bonded to the back of the photovoltaic glass array 1 using a high-temperature resistant adhesive.

[0031] The upper edge of the hydrogel layer 21 is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the condensation top plate 22. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the condenser top plate 22 includes a substrate 221 and a radiation cooling film 222. The radiation cooling film 222 is fixed to the outer surface of the substrate 221 facing the external environment by pressure-sensitive adhesive. A hydrophobic layer is sprayed onto the inner surface of the substrate 221 facing the water collection cavity. Compared with the vertically arranged hydrogel layer 21, the substrate 221 is inclined towards the water collection cavity.

[0032] Optionally, the condenser top plate 22 may also include a plurality of hydrophilic protrusions 223 disposed on the hydrophobic layer on the inner surface of the substrate 221.

[0033] In this embodiment, the substrate 221 is made of aluminum alloy; the hydrophobic layer is a polydimethylsiloxane coating; and the hydrophilic protrusions 223 are made of titanium dioxide. In this embodiment, a hydrophobic layer is first sprayed onto the inner surface of the substrate 221, and then hydrophilic protrusions 223 are arrayed on the surface of the hydrophobic layer. The hydrophilic protrusions 223 have a tetrahedral structure.

[0034] Optionally, the hydrogel temperature control module 2 further includes a corrugated guide plate 27 disposed along the lower edge of the substrate 221 and located within the water collection cavity. The straight edge of the corrugated guide plate 27 is fixed to the lower edge of the substrate 221, and the corrugated edge of the corrugated guide plate 27 is located within the water collection cavity. A hydrophobic layer is sprayed onto the surface of the corrugated guide plate 27.

[0035] Optionally, the plane of the corrugated guide plate 27 is perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 221.

[0036] The side plate 25 in the hydrogel temperature control module 2 is used to connect the hydrogel layer 21 located on the front and the hydrophobic heat insulation layer 26 located on the back; the top of the side plate 25 is close to the condensing top plate 22 and is not sealed to the condensing top plate 22.

[0037] like Figure 6As shown, the water collection unit 24 includes a water collection box 241, a filter screen 242, and a water outlet pipe 243. The upper part of the water collection box 241 forms the water collection cavity. The top of the water collection box 241 is uncovered and covered by the filter screen 242; the water outlet pipe 243 is located at the bottom side of the water collection box 241 and extends into the water tank. The filter screen 242 is slidably engaged with the top of the water collection box 241 via a guide rail and a sliding slot. The filter screen 242 can be replaced by pulling it out, improving the cleanliness of the water in the water collection box 241.

[0038] In this embodiment, the thickness of the water collection box 241 is 5-8 cm, and the inner wall is coated with a superhydrophobic coating. One end of the water outlet pipe 243 is connected to the bottom side of the water collection box 241 through a threaded connector, so as to introduce the liquid water collected in the water collection box 241 into the water tank at the other end of the water outlet pipe 243.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the hydrophobic insulation layer 26 is an acrylic sheet coated with a hydrophobic coating; one side of the hydrophobic insulation layer 26 faces the water collection cavity, and the other side faces the building facade.

[0040] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, the hydrogel temperature control module 2 also includes a ventilation section 23, which is a louvered structure. The ventilation section 23 is fixedly mounted on the upper edge of the side plate 25, and its edge is also connected to the side of the condensing top plate 22 and the hydrophobic insulation layer 26. When the louvers are closed, the ventilation section 23 is in the closed state, and at this time, the ventilation section 23 and the side plate 25 together form a closed side of the hydrogel temperature control module 2, and the water collection cavity is not connected to the external environment. When the louvers are open, the ventilation section 23 is in the open state, and at this time, the water collection cavity is connected to the external environment. That is, the opening and closing state of the ventilation section 23 can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing state of the louvers.

[0041] Optionally, the ventilation section 23 is also equipped with a dustproof screen to remove dust and dirt brought in by the airflow when it enters the water collection cavity.

[0042] The following describes the corresponding effects in conjunction with the working process of the photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application: Heat from the photovoltaic glass array 1 is transferred to the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 within the hydrogel temperature control module 2 via heat transfer. The heat transferred to the hygroscopic hydrogel 212, serving as both sensible heat for heating and latent heat for phase change, is absorbed by the liquid water within the hydrogel 212, causing it to convert into gaseous water. This gaseous water then escapes through the moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane 2131 into the water collection cavity. This vaporization process continuously removes heat from the photovoltaic glass array 1, effectively preventing a significant temperature increase during photovoltaic power generation that would exceed the optimal operating temperature.

[0043] When the photovoltaic glass array 1 is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature is below the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section 23 is closed.

[0044] When it is detected that the photovoltaic glass array 1 is not generating photovoltaic power, the ventilation section 23 is turned on.

[0045] When it is detected that the photovoltaic glass array 1 is generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature exceeds the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section 23 state adjustment strategy is executed: First, close the ventilation section 23 and monitor the humidity in the water collection cavity and the humidity of the external environment in real time. Starting from the moment the ventilation section 23 is closed, after a time interval of Δt1, if the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, open the ventilation section 23. Otherwise, keep the ventilation section 23 closed until the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, then open the ventilation section 23.

[0046] The second step is to start timing from the moment ventilation section 23 is turned on. After a duration of Δt2, ventilation section 23 is turned off again, and the process returns to the first step.

[0047] In this embodiment, Δt1 = 15 min; Δt2 = 30 min.

[0048] When the photovoltaic glass array 1 is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature exceeds the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation part 23 is closed. If the moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212 has a high water content, the liquid water in the moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212 will vaporize and continuously pass through the moisture-permeable and water-blocking membrane 2131 and escape into the water collection cavity, and the humidity in the water collection cavity will gradually increase.

[0049] The radiation cooling film 222 dissipates heat through radiation, making its own temperature much lower than the surrounding environment. The heat of the substrate 221 is conducted to the radiation cooling film 222, and the radiation cooling film 222 then radiates the heat conducted to the substrate 221, making the temperature of the substrate 221 much lower than the surrounding environment and the water collection cavity. In other words, the radiation cooling film 222 makes the temperature of the substrate 221 lower than the dew point temperature in the water collection cavity.

[0050] Saturated water vapor condenses into droplets on the hydrophobic layer on the inner surface of the substrate 221. Because the substrate 221 is tilted towards the water collection cavity, some droplets fall directly into the water collection unit 24 at the bottom of the water collection cavity due to gravity. Some droplets slide down the hydrophobic layer on the inner surface of the substrate 221 under the influence of gravity and converge at the hydrophilic protrusion 223 after encountering it. Saturated water vapor also condenses into droplets at the hydrophilic protrusion 223. The droplets at the hydrophilic protrusion 223 eventually fall directly into the water collection unit 24 under the influence of gravity. Alternatively, the droplets at the hydrophilic protrusion 223 fall onto the corrugated guide plate 27 and are then guided to the corrugated edge of the corrugated guide plate 27, eventually falling into the water collection unit 24 under the influence of gravity. The droplets condensed on the hydrophobic layer on the inner surface of the substrate 221 may also slide down along the hydrophobic layer on the inner surface of the substrate 221 to the corrugated guide plate 27, and then be guided to the corrugated edge of the corrugated guide plate 27, and finally fall into the water collection unit 24 under gravity.

[0051] As can be seen from the analysis above, the condenser top plate 22 of this application significantly improves the efficiency of condensing and liquefying water vapor in the water collection cavity and the efficiency of collecting droplets.

[0052] Of course, a small amount of saturated water vapor may condense into droplets on the side plate 25 and the hydrophobic insulation layer 26, but these droplets will eventually slide into the water collection unit 24 under the action of gravity.

[0053] Because the hydrophobic insulation layer 26 is coated with an acrylic sheet with a hydrophobic coating, the light transmittance of the photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application is guaranteed. Even if a small amount of saturated water vapor condenses into droplets on the hydrophobic insulation layer 26, it will quickly slide into the water collection unit 24 due to the presence of the hydrophobic coating, and the droplet volume will not be too large, which reduces the time for water vapor to condense and release heat on the hydrophobic insulation layer 26. Therefore, this application can minimize the heat transferred from the hydrophobic insulation layer 26 to the building structure behind it.

[0054] As the gaseous water in the water collection cavity continuously liquefies into liquid water and is collected by the water collection unit 24, the temperature in the water collection cavity rises while the humidity decreases, even falling below the ambient humidity. The presence of the moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane 2131 ensures that the liquid water in the water collection cavity does not return to the hygroscopic hydrogel 212.

[0055] When the liquid water in the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 vaporizes and escapes through the moisture-permeable and water-blocking membrane 2131 into the water collection cavity, the water content of the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 itself will decrease. When the water content of the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 is lower than the humidity in the water collection cavity, the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 will adsorb water vapor from the surrounding environment, which will further reduce the humidity in the water collection cavity. At this time, there is very little liquid water in the water collection cavity that can be collected by the water collection unit 24. If the ventilation part 23 is not opened to connect the water collection cavity with the external environment, the liquid water in the water collection unit 24 may be evaporated into gas.

[0056] Therefore, the ventilation section 23 state adjustment strategy mentioned above, which states that "starting from the moment the ventilation section 23 is closed, if the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment after a time interval of Δt1, then the ventilation section 23 will be opened," takes into account two possibilities: one is that after the ventilation section 23 is closed, the water collection unit 24 collects some liquid water, but later the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 adsorbs water vapor from the surrounding environment, resulting in the humidity in the water collection cavity being less than the humidity of the external environment after a time interval of Δt1; the other possibility is that the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 itself has too low a water content, so even if the ventilation section 23 is closed, not much liquid water in the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 vaporizes and escapes through the moisture-permeable water-blocking membrane 2131 into the water collection cavity. Therefore, during this time interval of Δt1, the humidity in the water collection cavity is always less than the humidity of the external environment, and the water collection unit 24 never collects any liquid water. Both of these possibilities indicate that the ventilation section 23 needs to be opened to connect the water collection cavity with the external environment, so that the moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212 can indirectly absorb water vapor from the external environment.

[0057] The second step in the ventilation section 23 state adjustment strategy mentioned above, which involves "starting from the moment ventilation section 23 is turned on, and after a time interval of Δt2, closing ventilation section 23 again and returning to the first step," takes into account that after Δt2, the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 has indirectly absorbed enough water vapor from the external environment. Therefore, ventilation section 23 can be closed again, and the heat generated by the photovoltaic glass array 1 in photovoltaic power generation can be used to complete the water collection process of converting the liquid water in the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 into liquid water in the water collection unit 24. Returning to the first step also provides a safety net in case the moisture content in the hygroscopic hydrogel 212 is still too low when ventilation section 23 is closed.

[0058] When the photovoltaic glass array 1 is not generating photovoltaic power (this can be at night or during a rainy day), the ventilation section 23 is turned on; this ensures that the moisture-absorbing hydrogel 212 can fully absorb water vapor from the external environment and increase its own water content, thereby improving the efficiency of cooling the photovoltaic glass array 1 and collecting water after the photovoltaic glass array 1 starts generating photovoltaic power.

[0059] When the photovoltaic glass array 1 generates photovoltaic power, if its own temperature is below the optimal operating temperature (this is generally the case during cold winter days), the ventilation section 23 is closed to isolate the water collection cavity from the external environment, preventing the circulating air from carrying away the heat in the water collection cavity. This not only keeps the photovoltaic glass array 1 warm, but also keeps the building surrounded by the photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application warm, reducing the power consumption for heating in winter.

[0060] In the event of extreme weather, technicians can manually control the opening or closing of the ventilation section 23.

[0061] The photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application can effectively reduce the temperature rise of the photovoltaic glass array exceeding the optimal operating temperature during photovoltaic power generation by using hydrogel cooling, thus significantly reducing the summer air conditioning cooling load in the building where it is located. At the same time, it also utilizes the waste heat of the photovoltaic glass array during photovoltaic power generation to collect moisture in the air through hydrogel cooling, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It achieves efficient synergistic operation of photovoltaic cooling efficiency enhancement and atmospheric water collection.

[0062] If the photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application does not have a ventilation section 23 that can control its opening and closing state, that is, if the location of the ventilation section 23 is empty and always in the open state, the photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application can still achieve the function of "effectively reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic glass array exceeding the optimal operating temperature during photovoltaic power generation based on hydrogel cooling" and utilizing waste heat to collect water. However, the cooling and water collection efficiency is not as good as the photovoltaic curtain wall system with ventilation section 23.

[0063] In the photovoltaic curtain wall system of this application, the ventilation unit 23, based on the external ambient humidity, whether the photovoltaic glass array 1 is working, the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array 1 itself, and the interaction between the ventilation unit 23 and the condensing top plate 22, can not only efficiently regulate the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array 1 and improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency by making the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array 1 as close as possible to the optimal operating temperature, but also efficiently collect moisture in the air by making full use of the waste heat during the photovoltaic power generation process.

[0064] This application also provides a method for generating electricity and collecting water, applied to a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling as described above, including the following: When the photovoltaic glass array 1 is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature is below the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section 23 is closed.

[0065] When it is detected that the photovoltaic glass array 1 is not generating photovoltaic power, the ventilation section 23 is turned on.

[0066] When the photovoltaic glass array 1 is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its temperature exceeds the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section 23 state adjustment strategy is executed. During the execution of the ventilation section 23 state adjustment strategy, the gaseous water in the water collection cavity condenses into liquid water and falls into the water collection unit 24. The ventilation section 23 state adjustment strategy includes the following: First, close the ventilation section 23 and monitor the humidity in the water collection cavity and the humidity of the external environment in real time. Starting from the moment the ventilation section 23 is closed, after a time interval Δt1, if the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, then open the ventilation section 23; otherwise, keep the ventilation section 23 closed until the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, then open the ventilation section 23.

[0067] The second step is to start timing from the moment ventilation section 23 is turned on. After a duration of Δt2, ventilation section 23 is turned off again, and the process returns to the first step.

[0068] This application discloses a method for generating electricity and collecting water, prioritizing the improvement of photovoltaic power generation efficiency before water collection. The ventilation section 23 can adjust its on / off state according to the ambient humidity, whether the photovoltaic glass array 1 is working, and the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array 1 itself. In particular, when the photovoltaic glass array 1 is generating electricity and its temperature exceeds the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section 23's state adjustment strategy, which requires no technical personnel intervention, intelligently and efficiently regulates the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array 1, thereby improving the photovoltaic power generation efficiency by keeping the temperature of the photovoltaic glass array 1 as close as possible to the optimal operating temperature. At the same time, this application also efficiently collects moisture from the air by making full use of the waste heat during the photovoltaic power generation process.

[0069] The power generation and water collection method of this application can cope with different environmental and demand changes, improve the practicality and versatility of photovoltaic curtain wall systems, and enhance the photovoltaic power generation efficiency and water collection efficiency of photovoltaic curtain wall systems.

[0070] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this application are all well-known technologies. It should also be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. The components or steps in the embodiments of this application can be decomposed and / or recombined, and these decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions of this application and should all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling, comprising a photovoltaic glass array (1), characterized in that: It also includes a hydrogel temperature control module (2), the top of which is an inclined condensing top plate (22), the bottom of which is a water collection unit (24), the front of which is a hydrogel layer (21), and the back of which is a hydrophobic insulation layer (26); the front of the photovoltaic glass array (1) faces the external environment, and the back of the photovoltaic glass array (1) is fixedly connected to the front of the hydrogel layer (21); the inner cavity of the hydrogel temperature control module (2) is called the water collection inner cavity; the heat generated by the photovoltaic glass array (1) in photovoltaic power generation causes the water in the hydrogel layer (21) to vaporize and escape into the water collection inner cavity, and the gaseous water in the water collection inner cavity condenses into droplets after contacting the condensing top plate (22), the side plate (25) and the hydrophobic insulation layer (26), and falls into the water collection unit (24).

2. The photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogel layer (21) includes a connecting back plate (211), a moisture-absorbing hydrogel (212), and a water-permeable layer (213). The connecting back plate (211) and the frame of the water-permeable layer (213) are fixed together to form a box-shaped structure for accommodating the moisture-absorbing hydrogel (212). The water-permeable layer (213) includes a moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane (2131) and a supporting connecting frame (2132). The edge of the moisture-permeable and water-resistant membrane (2131) is fixed on the supporting connecting frame (2132), and the supporting connecting frame (2132) is fixedly connected to the connecting back plate (211).

3. A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the connecting backplate (211) is smooth, and the other side is provided with Y-shaped fins (211a); the smooth surface of the connecting backplate (211) is fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic glass array (1); the Y-shaped fins (211a) are located inside the box-shaped structure that contains the moisture-absorbing hydrogel (212).

4. A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensing top plate (22) includes a substrate (221) and a radiation cooling film (222). The lower edge of the substrate (221) is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the hydrogel layer (21). The radiation cooling film (222) is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the substrate (221) facing the external environment. A hydrophobic layer is sprayed on the inner surface of the substrate (221) facing the water collection cavity. The substrate (221) is inclined in the direction of the water collection cavity.

5. A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The condenser top plate (22) also includes several hydrophilic protrusions (223) disposed on the hydrophobic layer on the inner surface of the substrate (221).

6. A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogel temperature control module (2) also includes a corrugated guide plate (27), the straight edge of which is fixed to the lower edge of the substrate (221), and the corrugated edge of which is located in the water collection cavity.

7. A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection unit (24) includes a water collection box (241), a filter screen (242), and a water outlet pipe (243). The filter screen (242) covers the top of the uncovered water collection box (241), and the water outlet pipe (243) is located at the bottom side of the water collection box (241).

8. A photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate (25) is used to connect the hydrogel layer (21) on the front and the hydrophobic insulation layer (26) on the back. One side of the hydrophobic insulation layer (26) faces the water collection cavity and the other side faces the building. The hydrogel temperature regulating module (2) also includes a ventilation section (23), which is fixedly installed on the upper edge of the side plate (25). The edge of the ventilation section (23) is connected to the side edge of the condensation top plate (22) and the hydrophobic insulation layer (26). When the ventilation section (23) is closed, the water collection cavity is not connected to the external environment. When the ventilation section (23) is open, the water collection cavity is connected to the external environment.

9. A method for generating electricity and collecting water, applied to a photovoltaic curtain wall system based on hydrogel cooling as described in any one of claims 8, characterized in that, Includes the following: When the photovoltaic glass array (1) is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature exceeds the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section (23) state adjustment strategy is executed. During the execution of the ventilation section (23) state adjustment strategy, the gaseous water in the water collection cavity condenses into liquid water and falls into the water collection unit (24). The ventilation section (23) state adjustment strategy includes the following: First, close the ventilation section (23) and monitor the humidity in the water collection cavity and the humidity of the external environment in real time. Starting from the time the ventilation section (23) is closed, after a time interval of Δt1, if the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, open the ventilation section (23); otherwise, keep the ventilation section (23) closed until the humidity in the water collection cavity is less than the humidity of the external environment, then open the ventilation section (23). The second step is to start timing from the moment the ventilation section (23) is turned on. After a duration of Δt2, the ventilation section (23) is turned off again, and the process returns to the first step.

10. A method for generating electricity and collecting water according to claim 9, characterized in that, The following are included: when the photovoltaic glass array (1) is detected to be generating photovoltaic power and its own temperature is below the optimal operating temperature, the ventilation section (23) is closed; when the photovoltaic glass array (1) is detected not generating photovoltaic power, the ventilation section (23) is opened.

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