Enclosed bus solid gas insulation on-line detection video monitoring comprehensive protection device

Abstract

The invention discloses an enclosed busbar solid gas insulation on-line detection video monitoring comprehensive protection device, and relates to the technical field of electric power equipment. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing enclosed bus state monitoring system is difficult to realize comprehensive and real-time monitoring and diagnosis of equipment, has defects in comprehensiveness and automation degree and the like. The system comprises an enclosed bus anti-condensation flashover protection device, an on-line insulation monitoring system, a video monitoring system and a video monitoring cabinet. Front-end sensing elements of the on-line insulation monitoring system and the video monitoring system are integrally installed in an outdoor distributed data acquisition terminal, and the data acquisition terminal is installed at a moisture absorption part of a disc insulator at the upper end of an ascending flanged base of an isolated-phase common-box enclosed bus. The enclosed bus anti-condensation flashover protection device and the video monitoring cabinet are installed indoors, and the data acquisition terminal is electrically connected with the video monitoring cabinet. The device is used for on-line detection and monitoring of solid gas insulation of the enclosed busbar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power transmission and distribution equipment condition monitoring, protection and intelligent operation and maintenance technology, specifically to a comprehensive protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid and gas insulation of enclosed busbars. Background Technology

[0002] As a key power transmission equipment connecting generators and main transformers (or plant service transformers) in large thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, and important industrial facilities, the reliability of the operation of enclosed busbars is directly related to the stability and safety of the entire power system.

[0003] These types of equipment have a unique structure, typically consisting of long-distance, large-span enclosed pipeline systems that traverse different environmental areas both inside and outside the factory. Due to these structural characteristics, traditional operation and maintenance techniques struggle to directly and in real-time observe the internal operating status of the busbar itself and key components (such as disc insulators).

[0004] Because the internal microenvironment of the busbar casing is related to the external atmosphere, its temperature, humidity, and pressure are easily affected by external climate changes. Under certain conditions (such as large diurnal temperature differences or high humidity during the rainy season), the interior may reach the dew point and condensation may occur. This can lead to a sharp decline in the overall insulation performance of the busbar, resulting in serious safety hazards such as discharge, flashover, or even insulation breakdown, which directly threaten the stable operation of the power system.

[0005] Currently, enclosed busbars face the following prominent technical challenges in actual operation:

[0006] 1. Severe Internal Moisture and Condensation: Although enclosed busbars require a certain sealing rating (e.g., phase-separated busbars often require IP54 or higher), during long-term operation, their sealing performance inevitably deteriorates gradually due to various factors such as foundation settlement, generator vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, natural aging of sealing materials (e.g., sealant, rubber strips), and potential weld defects. This leads to varying degrees of "breathing effect" and leakage points. Humid air from the outside (especially during the rainy season, in high-humidity areas, or seasons with large diurnal temperature variations) can seep into the busbar casing. When the busbar is shut down or under low load, the internal temperature drops, and the seeped-in moisture easily condenses on the cooler conductor surfaces, insulator skirts, and inner walls of the casing, even accumulating into water. This condensation directly and drastically reduces the insulation resistance between the conductor and ground (casing) and between phases. The deterioration of insulation not only increases leakage current but can also trigger partial discharge, which, under the influence of power frequency voltage, gradually develops into surface flashover, ultimately leading to a short circuit to ground or between phases, forcing the generator unit to shut down urgently ("trip"). Statistics show that a significant proportion of unplanned outages of enclosed busbars in power systems can be traced back to moisture and condensation. Each incident's investigation and handling not only consumes hours to days but also causes substantial direct economic losses (ranging from hundreds of thousands to millions of yuan) and potential power supply safety risks. Therefore, effectively monitoring and providing early warnings of the humidity levels inside busbars to prevent condensation has become a critical challenge that urgently needs to be addressed in the power operation and maintenance field.

[0007] 2. Accumulation of Internal Environmental Pollution: In actual operation, the enclosed busbar is not a static, closed system. The aforementioned leakage points allow for a slow but continuous exchange of air between the inside and outside of the busbar. Dust, salt, and chemical pollutants from the outside air enter the busbar with the airflow. More importantly, when the busbar is energized, a strong power frequency alternating electromagnetic field is generated around the current-carrying conductors. This electromagnetic field has a significant "electromagnetic adsorption" effect on conductive particles such as metallic dust and carbides that enter the casing, causing these pollutants to be adsorbed and deposited on the surface of the basin insulator, conductor support insulation components, and the inner wall of the casing, making them difficult to expel naturally. Over time, a layer of contaminant with semi-conductive or even locally conductive properties forms on the insulator surface. Simultaneously, moisture entering the interior provides humid conditions for this contaminant layer. The combination of contamination and moisture severely disrupts the electric field distribution on the insulator surface, significantly reducing its surface flashover voltage, potentially triggering flashover accidents even at lower operating voltages. This process is similar to a slow "internal electrostatic precipitator" effect, but the result is a continuous deterioration of the internal insulation environment. Currently, the industry generally lacks effective technical means to monitor the surface contamination and insulation resistance changes of solid insulation components (especially insulators) inside enclosed busbars in real time, online, and quantitatively. Inspections can usually only be carried out during shutdown maintenance, which has a serious lag.

[0008] 3. Significantly affected by seasons and extreme weather: The overall insulation performance of enclosed busbars is a composite system consisting of its solid insulation performance (depending on the material properties and surface resistance of insulators, insulating pads, etc.) and gas insulation performance (depending on the dryness, cleanliness, and air pressure of the internal air). These two properties influence and restrict each other. Extensive operational experience shows that insulation faults in enclosed busbars (such as early warning insulation degradation and flashover alarms) exhibit a clear seasonal pattern, with peak occurrences concentrated in spring when temperatures rise, autumn when temperatures drop, the rainy season, and persistent foggy weather in winter. The fundamental reason is that during these periods, ambient temperature and humidity often fluctuate drastically, making it easier for the busbar casing to reach dew point temperature and form condensation; or a large amount of high-humidity air from the outside may infiltrate, directly reducing the insulation strength of the internal air. When the air insulation performance, as one of the main insulating media, deteriorates significantly, it exacerbates the electric field stress on the surface of the solid insulators, becoming the "trigger" for the breakdown process. In other words, the deterioration of gas insulation is often a precursor and cause of flashover in solid insulation. However, existing technologies lack the ability to monitor real-time dynamic changes in the internal microenvironment (temperature, humidity, pressure) of busbars, and online assessment of gas insulation performance is completely absent. Maintenance personnel cannot obtain early warning information such as "internal air humidity is about to exceed the standard" or "abnormal pressure at a certain point indicates a serious leak" before an accident occurs. After an accident, they can only rely on power outage inspections and "post-accident evidence" such as discharge traces on the insulator surface to deduce the fault process. This not only fails to accurately locate the fault's initiation point and cause but also misses the best opportunity to prevent accidents.

[0009] In summary, current condition monitoring and maintenance of enclosed busbars heavily rely on planned power outages and periodic manual inspections. This approach suffers from inherent drawbacks such as long detection cycles, poor real-time performance, discontinuous data, inability to reflect dynamic changes, and inherent safety risks and blind spots inherent in the inspection process itself. Existing online monitoring technologies are often limited in function, monitoring only temperature or partial discharge, making it difficult to construct a comprehensive, multi-parameter, and integrated online sensing and intelligent diagnostic system for the busbar's solid insulation, gas insulation, and visual condition. Therefore, developing a comprehensive protection device that integrates active moisture protection (micro-positive pressure gas seal), online solid insulation monitoring, gas microenvironment monitoring, and internal video surveillance to achieve "transparent" management of the enclosed busbar's operating status, early fault warning, and precise accident tracing is of significant engineering practical value and urgent market demand for improving the safe operation of main power equipment and promoting the intelligent transformation of maintenance models from "periodic maintenance" to "condition-based maintenance."

[0010] Currently, the existing condition monitoring methods for both phase-separated enclosed busbars and common-enclosure enclosed busbars mainly rely on manual periodic inspection and analysis, which has significant limitations, such as long inspection cycles, low efficiency, and insufficient data accuracy. Enclosed busbar monitoring systems are difficult to achieve comprehensive and real-time monitoring and diagnosis of equipment, and have obvious defects in real-time performance, comprehensiveness, and automation. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the limitations of existing enclosed busbar condition monitoring methods, which mainly rely on manual periodic inspection and analysis, resulting in long inspection cycles and insufficient data accuracy. Furthermore, existing enclosed busbar condition monitoring systems struggle to achieve comprehensive, real-time monitoring and diagnosis of equipment, exhibiting significant deficiencies in real-time performance, comprehensiveness, and automation. This invention provides a comprehensive protection device for online detection, video monitoring, and protection of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is: a comprehensive protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid gas insulation of enclosed busbars, comprising an anti-condensation flashover protection device for enclosed busbars, an online insulation monitoring system, a video monitoring system, and a video monitoring cabinet; the front-end sensing elements of the online insulation monitoring system and the video monitoring system are integrated and installed inside an outdoor distributed data acquisition terminal, which is installed on the moisture-absorbing part of the disc insulator on the raised seat of the phase-separated, common-enclosure enclosed busbar; the anti-condensation flashover protection device and the video monitoring cabinet are installed indoors, and the data acquisition terminal and the video monitoring cabinet are electrically connected; the top of the cabinet of the anti-condensation flashover protection device for enclosed busbars is provided with a waterproof sloping top cover, which has a slope towards the ground from the middle to both sides; the anti-condensation flashover protection device for enclosed busbars is used to provide continuous, stable, and dry micro-positive pressure protective gas to the inside of the enclosed busbars, replacing moisture and acting as a gas seal; the online insulation monitoring system is used for online monitoring of the insulation performance of the enclosed busbars; and the video monitoring system is used for video monitoring of the operating status inside the enclosed busbars, including the conductor surface and the inner surface of the busbar shell.

[0013] Optionally, the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device adopts a dual-system independent configuration, including two completely independent fan-dehumidifier units. Each unit includes a 2.2kW fan, a 5HP (5P) refrigeration dehumidifier, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor. The two units correspond to two independent branches of the enclosed busbar, achieving one-to-one air supply and independent microenvironment monitoring. Each unit uses ambient air as its air source, which is sequentially processed through a screen door to block large particles, a self-cleaning filter to remove dust, a refrigeration dehumidifier to remove moisture, and a magnetic filter to remove magnetic particles, resulting in dry, clean, low-temperature, and non-magnetic unsaturated air. This air is then supplied by a makeup air fan to form a protective airflow, which is then injected into the enclosed busbar of the corresponding branch.

[0014] Optionally, the upper layer of the video surveillance cabinet is equipped with a monitor, and the lower layer of the monitor is equipped with a network video recorder (NVR). The NVR serves as the system's data storage center, responsible for collecting and storing video feeds transmitted from all front-end devices. The data acquisition terminal is electrically connected to the main controller (programmable logic controller, PLC). The data acquisition terminal is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, and a magnetically shielded miniature camera to collect data and images from inside the enclosed busbar in real time.

[0015] Optionally, the temperature and humidity sensor detects changes in temperature and humidity in the air inside the enclosed busbar. When the temperature or humidity inside the busbar casing exceeds a set value, it sends abnormal data back to the main controller, which then issues an over-temperature or over-humidity warning. The pressure sensor detects changes in pressure in the air inside the enclosed busbar. When the air pressure inside the enclosed busbar is abnormally high compared to a set value, it sends abnormal data back to the main controller, which then issues a pressure abnormality warning. The anti-magnetic miniature camera captures and collects full-color images of the enclosed busbar, enabling real-time detection of abnormal phenomena such as condensation inside the enclosed busbar.

[0016] Optionally, the online insulation monitoring system uses a DC superposition method to monitor the insulation of the enclosed busbar conductor to the outer casing. It includes an online insulation monitoring transmitter installed inside the data acquisition terminal, a bus tie auxiliary contact input, and an insulation monitoring controller inside the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device. The online insulation monitoring transmitter includes a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor responsible for signal injection and current acquisition, and a DC blocking and harmonic elimination module responsible for signal path control and system protection. The internal measurement circuit of the insulation monitoring controller is responsible for current detection and resistance calculation. The high-voltage isolation sampling resistor is installed on the three phases of the busbar, with one end fixed to the busbar busbar and the other end connected in parallel to the controller. The DC blocking and harmonic elimination module is connected in series between the neutral point of the primary side of the PT and ground. The bus tie auxiliary contact input is connected to the terminals of the insulation monitoring controller.

[0017] Optionally, the insulation monitoring controller includes a CPU main control unit, a DC signal generator, a relay output module, an RS485 communication module, an AD conversion and calculation module, and a precision current measurement module; the DC signal generator, relay output module, RS485 communication module, and AD conversion and calculation module are all electrically connected to the CPU main control unit, and the DC signal generator and AD conversion and calculation module are respectively electrically connected to the precision current measurement module; the DC blocking and harmonic elimination module is electrically connected to the precision current measurement module, the high-voltage isolation sampling resistor is electrically connected to the DC signal generator, the relay output module is respectively electrically connected to the insulation degradation alarm module and the device fault alarm module, and the RS485 communication module is electrically connected to the computer host computer.

[0018] Optionally, the DC signal generator of the online insulation monitoring system generates a 1500VDC test voltage, which is injected into the enclosed busbar through a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor. The injected microampere-level DC current is collected through a measurement circuit to calculate the insulation resistance of the busbar conductor to the outer casing and ground, and the absorption ratio K=R is measured. 60s / R 15s And polarization index PI=R 10min / R 1min It can distinguish whether the insulation has deteriorated, and realize insulation status trend analysis and early warning.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects

[0020] This invention provides a comprehensive protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid and gas insulation in enclosed busbars. During the energized operation of isolated phase and shared-enclosure enclosed busbars, it overcomes the influence of the outer casing shielding, allowing real-time monitoring of the internal operating status, insulation data, and air temperature and humidity. This device performs online measurement and monitoring of the busbar conductor insulation data, the performance indicators of the air inside the busbar, and the operating status, enabling accurate predictions for qualitative and quantitative analysis of accidents. By incorporating the operating data and video recordings within the busbar as key indicators into the enclosed busbar management system, the proportion of tripping accidents caused by insulation degradation and flashover can be effectively reduced.

[0021] This invention integrates moisture-proofing, insulation monitoring, and video surveillance functions, enabling internal and external ventilation and cooling, moisture and condensation prevention, monitoring of gaseous and solid insulation performance, and visualization of operational status for enclosed busbars. By installing online insulation performance monitoring and video surveillance equipment at key locations on the enclosed busbar, online display and judgment of insulation performance, as well as video recording of internal operating status, are achieved.

[0022] This invention adopts a dual-set independent fan-dehumidifier unit design, corresponding to two busbar branches respectively, to achieve independent monitoring and independent moisture control of the microenvironment (temperature, humidity, pressure) of each branch, thereby improving system redundancy and reliability. When the protection system of one branch is under maintenance or malfunctions, it does not affect the normal operation of the other branch. At the same time, it avoids the problems of inaccurate adjustment and slow response of a single large system, and achieves more refined and targeted anti-condensation protection.

[0023] This invention relates to an anti-condensation flashover protection device for enclosed busbars. Ambient air is used as the air source, processed through gas purification, freeze-drying, and strong magnetic adsorption technologies to create a clean, dry, pure, low-temperature, positive-pressure airflow free of magnetic particles and electrostatic ions. This airflow is then pressurized by a makeup air fan to form a strong positive-pressure airflow. This airflow is introduced into the enclosed busbar at a maximum pressure of 1500 Pa and a flow rate of 6000 m³ / h, and then directly discharged into the atmosphere through the busbar's exhaust port without recycling. By replacing the polluted and humid air inside the busbar with positive-pressure airflow, a moisture barrier is actively established, fundamentally improving the operating environment inside the enclosed busbar and constituting an effective airflow replacement and air-sealing system for enclosed busbars.

[0024] This invention enables continuous online monitoring of the insulation status, microenvironment (temperature, humidity, pressure), and visual appearance inside enclosed busbars around the clock; by continuously injecting dry protective positive pressure gas, condensation can be effectively prevented, which is more thorough than passive heating; by monitoring the insulation resistance and its changing trend (absorption ratio, polarization index) through DC superposition method, early warning of insulation degradation can be provided; the system records the complete data chain and video images before and after the fault, providing accurate basis for accident analysis, helping maintenance personnel to accurately locate the problem section, avoiding blind full-line troubleshooting, and strongly supporting the implementation of condition-based maintenance mode. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting seat;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the cooling, dust removal, and air supply device;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a three-phase enclosed busbar.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-phase enclosed busbar riser.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the data acquisition terminal for the enclosed busbar riser.

[0031] Figure 7 This is the front view of the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a top view of the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a left view of the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device;

[0034] Figure 10This is a right view of the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a rear view of the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a front view of the self-cleaning filter unit;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a rear view of the self-cleaning filter unit;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the horizontal and vertical platforms of a self-cleaning filter unit.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a left view of the self-cleaning filter unit;

[0040] Figure 16 This is an isometric view of a self-cleaning filter unit;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the control cabinet structure of the integrated protection device for online insulation detection and video monitoring;

[0042] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition terminal;

[0043] Figure 19 This is a structural block diagram of an online insulation testing system;

[0044] Figure 20 This is the electrical schematic diagram of an online insulation testing system;

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device; 2. Cabinet; 3. Fan dehumidifier unit; 4. Screen door; 5. Self-cleaning filter unit; 6. Refrigeration dehumidifier; 7. Make-up air fan; 8. Magnetic filter; 9. Variable air outlet.

[0046] 10. Dust collection mechanism; 11. Dust blowing mechanism; 12. Composite filter; 13. Dust collection fan; 14. Dust collection box; 15. Dust blowing fan; 16. Horizontal platform; 17. Vertical platform; 18. Limit switch;

[0047] 19. Video surveillance cabinet; 20. Monitor; 21. Network video recorder; 22. Temperature and humidity sensor; 23. Pressure sensor; 24. Anti-magnetic miniature camera; 25. Insulation online monitoring transmitter; 26. Data acquisition terminal; 27. Elevating seat; 28. Human-machine interface; 29. ​​Waterproof sloping roof. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0049] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 20 This embodiment describes a comprehensive protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars, including an enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device 1, an online insulation monitoring system, a video monitoring system, and a video monitoring cabinet 19.

[0050] The enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device adopts a dual-system independent operation mode, comprising two completely independent fan-dehumidifier units. Each unit includes a 2.2kW fan, a 5HP refrigeration dehumidifier, a high-precision temperature and humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor. The two units correspond to two branches of the enclosed busbar, achieving complete independence in gas source treatment, gas delivery, and microenvironment monitoring. Each unit supplies treated dry gas to its corresponding busbar branch through independent pipelines. The temperature, humidity, and pressure within each branch are independently monitored by a data acquisition terminal deployed on that branch, and the monitoring data is fed back to the main controller, thereby achieving precise moisture prevention and airtight control of each branch.

[0051] The front-end sensing elements (such as sensors and cameras) of the online insulation monitoring system and video surveillance system are integrated and installed inside the outdoor distributed data acquisition terminal 26. This distributed data acquisition terminal 26 is fixedly installed at key insulation degradation and moisture-prone locations such as the riser 27 of the isolated phase or shared enclosure busbar, and at wall penetration points. The enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device 1 and the video surveillance cabinet 19 are typically installed indoors. The data acquisition terminal 26 is electrically connected to the video surveillance cabinet 19 via cables to achieve data transmission.

[0052] The core function of the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device 1 is to provide a continuous, stable, and dry positive pressure (e.g., 300Pa-2500Pa) protective gas to the interior of the enclosed busbar. This gas flow replaces internal moisture and forms an air seal, preventing the intrusion of external humid air. The online insulation monitoring system is used to monitor the insulation performance of the enclosed busbar conductors to the outer casing (ground). The video monitoring system is used for real-time video monitoring of the operating status inside the enclosed busbar (e.g., insulator surfaces, conductor connections).

[0053] This invention relates to a comprehensive protection device for online analysis and detection of solid and gas insulation, along with video monitoring, specifically designed for isolated-phase enclosed busbars and shared-enclosure enclosed busbars in power plants. It enables comprehensive visual and data analysis and judgment of the operating status and performance indicators of insulators, conductors, and air within the enclosed busbars of power plants. By installing this comprehensive protection device at key locations on the busbar, potential hazards such as insulation degradation, condensation, water accumulation, corrosion, localized flashover discharge, and conductor overheating caused by moisture can be accurately identified. This provides effective real-time video information and data recording for diagnosing early defects in enclosed busbars and controlling sudden insulation accidents.

[0054] This invention integrates an online insulation monitoring transmitter, a video surveillance camera, and temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor assemblies within a data acquisition terminal 26 box formed by bending and welding aluminum plates. The aluminum plate material is chosen to match the material of the enclosed busbar casing, preventing increased contact resistance and heat generation due to different materials. Simultaneously, the terminal box incorporates electromagnetic shielding to resist interference from the strong magnetic field of the busbar conductor. The data acquisition terminal 26 is fixedly installed in a location on the busbar prone to problems. Data display, video monitoring, and the system assembly are respectively housed in the indoor enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device 1 and the video monitoring cabinet 19, facilitating centralized operation and management. All integrated data can be transmitted remotely to the DCS control room via a communication network.

[0055] The specific functions of this device are as follows:

[0056] To address busbar moisture and condensation: An air data detection system (temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors) is installed to monitor and analyze the internal microenvironment of the busbar in real time. When relevant parameters exceed warning values, the system automatically alarms, prompting maintenance personnel to conduct focused inspections.

[0057] To address internal contamination accumulation: By installing an online solid insulation monitoring system, the conductor-to-ground insulation resistance at key points (such as the riser) can be continuously monitored 24 hours a day, with data displayed directly digitally. When the monitoring data deviates from the set value or falls below the protection value, the system will issue a tiered alarm, prompting increased inspections or requesting a shutdown to prevent major accidents.

[0058] To address the impacts of seasonal and extreme weather: By installing a video surveillance system with anti-magnetic miniature cameras at key locations, phenomena such as dampness, condensation, and discharge caused by rainwater intrusion and sudden temperature changes inside the busbar can be directly observed, enabling accurate early warning and preventing flashover tripping accidents. The system has a recording function, which can record the entire process of abnormal events, providing intuitive evidence for post-event fault analysis, location, and experience summarization. The video system supports national standard GB / T28181-2022 and other protocols, facilitating integration with a unified monitoring platform.

[0059] The device comprises two main parts: an indoor unit and an outdoor unit. The outdoor unit mainly consists of multiple distributed data acquisition terminals 26, which integrate temperature and humidity sensors 22, pressure sensors 23, an online insulation monitoring transmitter 25, and a magnetically shielded miniature camera 24. The indoor unit mainly consists of a video monitoring cabinet 19, which integrates a video display and storage devices; the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device 1 integrates a temperature and humidity display, an online insulation monitoring display, and a main controller.

[0060] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 20 This implementation method aims to "ensure and improve the performance of the gaseous insulating medium inside the enclosed busbar," with core functions of "active anti-condensation" and "real-time insulation status sensing." By equipping the busbar with comprehensive "sensing organs," it achieves a shift from "blind operation" to "transparent status, knowable risks, and timely early warning," thereby helping to improve the overall operational safety of the busbar.

[0061] 2.1 Data Acquisition Terminal

[0062] Function: As a front-end sensing unit, it is distributed and deployed at key points along the busbar that are most susceptible to moisture and have the weakest insulation, such as risers, wall penetrations, and the lowest points.

[0063] Structural features: It adopts an aluminum sealed enclosure made of the same material as the busbar shell and incorporates electromagnetic shielding. The enclosure integrates three main modules:

[0064] Insulation status sensing module: An online insulation monitoring transmitter using the DC superposition method to monitor the insulation resistance of the bus conductor to the casing ground.

[0065] Gas medium state sensing module: high-precision temperature and humidity sensors and pressure sensors are used to monitor the microenvironment (temperature, humidity, pressure) of the gas chamber inside the busbar.

[0066] Visual perception module: Anti-magnetic miniature camera, used to directly observe whether there is condensation, discharge traces, or foreign object intrusion on the surface of insulators and conductor connections.

[0067] 2.2 Video Surveillance Cabinet

[0068] Functions: Display and storage.

[0069] Logic: Receives screen data uploaded by various data acquisition terminals, and displays and stores it.

[0070] 2.3 Enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device

[0071] Function: To provide a continuous, stable, and dry positive pressure protective gas to the enclosed busbar, actively replace internal moisture and establish an air seal barrier to prevent the intrusion of external humid air.

[0072] Structural features: This device adopts a dual-system independent configuration. Each system includes: a 5P refrigeration dehumidifier; a 2.2Kw pressurizing fan; a set of temperature and humidity sensors and a set of pressure sensors.

[0073] The two systems operate independently, each corresponding to one of the two independent branches of the enclosed busbar. Each system independently completes the gas source processing and transportation tasks, ensuring that the microenvironment of each branch is independently controllable.

[0074] Technical process: Using ambient air as the air source, the air passes through the following stages in sequence: primary filtration (dust removal) → refrigeration dehumidification (water removal) → magnetic filtration (demagnetization) → pressurization fan (establishing positive pressure) → pipeline transportation → injection into the busbar.

[0075] Supply Logic: Considering the characteristics of long, enclosed busbar pipelines, to ensure uniform air pressure and dryness, a "multi-point supply" or "first-end supply, end-end micro-discharge" air supply logic can be adopted. The maintained pressure range is "positive pressure," such as 300 Pa - 2500 Pa, designed to maintain positive pressure for moisture prevention rather than high-intensity airflow displacement.

[0076] 2.4 Principle of Online Insulation Monitoring (DC Superposition Method)

[0077] The online monitoring device assesses the insulation condition of equipment by superimposing a low-amplitude DC voltage and measuring the resulting weak leakage current, without affecting the normal operation of the system. Its basic principle is to superimpose a low-voltage DC signal (1500VDC in this device) onto the AC phase voltage of high-voltage equipment (such as a busbar). Using a dedicated measuring device, the nanoampere to microampere level DC leakage current IDC generated in the equipment's insulation circuit is detected. Then, the real-time insulation resistance value Rins is calculated according to Ohm's law R=UDC / IDC, where UDC is the injected DC voltage (1500V).

[0078] The current in an insulating material under DC voltage includes a rapidly decaying absorption current (generated by dielectric polarization) and a relatively stable leakage current (generated by the material's conductivity). Therefore, the insulation resistance increases over time until it stabilizes. Utilizing this characteristic, two important parameters can be defined:

[0079] Absorbance ratio K: Used to assess short-time polarization processes, K=R 60S / R 15S Among them, R 15S and R 60S The insulation resistance was measured 15 seconds and 60 seconds after pressure was applied, respectively. When the insulation is damp or deteriorated, the K value decreases and approaches 1.

[0080] Polarization index PI: assesses long-term polarization processes, especially suitable for equipment with large capacity and complex insulation structure. PI=R10min / R 1min It can more sensitively detect aging, moisture, or localized defects deep within the insulation.

[0081] In this embodiment, the online insulation monitoring system uses this DC superposition method to monitor the insulation of the enclosed busbar conductor to the outer casing. The system hardware includes an online insulation monitoring transmitter 25 (including a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor) installed inside the distributed data acquisition terminal 26, and an insulation monitoring controller connected to the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device.

[0082] The insulation monitoring controller includes a CPU main control unit, a DC signal generator, a precision current measurement module, an AD conversion and calculation module, a relay output module, and an RS485 communication module. The DC signal generator produces a 1500VDC test voltage, which is injected into the three phases of the enclosed busbar through a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor. The leakage current forms a loop through the busbar-to-ground insulation resistance, is collected by the precision current measurement module, and after AD conversion, the CPU calculates the insulation resistance R, absorption ratio K, and polarization index PI. The relay output module can be connected to insulation degradation alarms and device fault alarms, and the RS485 communication module is used to upload data to the main controller or a host computer system.

[0083] By continuously monitoring the absolute value of insulation resistance and its changing trend (K and PI), this system can effectively distinguish whether the insulation is damp or aged, and realize trend analysis and early warning of insulation status.

[0084] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0085] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 20 In this embodiment, a monitor 20 is installed on the upper layer inside the video surveillance cabinet 19 to display video images. A network video recorder 21 (NVR) is installed on the lower layer of the monitor 20. The network video recorder 21 (NVR) is the system's video data storage center, responsible for recording and storing video images transmitted from all front-end cameras. The main controller, as the data processing and logic control center of the monitoring terminal, is responsible for receiving, processing, and transmitting all sensor data (temperature, humidity, pressure, insulation resistance, etc.) transmitted from the data acquisition terminal 26, and executing early warning logic.

[0086] The data acquisition terminal 26 is electrically connected to the main controller via a communication line. The data acquisition terminal 26 integrates a temperature and humidity sensor 22, a pressure sensor 23, and an anti-magnetic miniature camera 24, which are used to collect environmental parameters and visual image data inside the enclosed busbar in real time and synchronously.

[0087] In practical applications, each busbar branch is equipped with an independent temperature and humidity sensor 22 and a pressure sensor 23 to monitor the air conditions inside the corresponding branch. The temperature and humidity sensor 22 continuously detects changes in the temperature and humidity of the air inside the branch. When the temperature or humidity exceeds a preset safety threshold, the monitoring system sends the abnormal data back to the main controller, which then issues an over-temperature or over-humidity warning for that branch. The pressure sensor 23 also independently monitors changes in the air pressure inside each branch. When the pressure is abnormal (e.g., too low pressure indicates a serious leak, too high pressure may indicate airflow blockage), the system triggers a pressure alarm for the corresponding branch. In addition, a magnetically shielded miniature camera 24 can be deployed in key locations as needed to achieve independent or cross-monitoring of the internal conditions of the two branches, capture full-color images, and support real-time monitoring and video playback, helping maintenance personnel to promptly detect abnormal phenomena such as condensation, water accumulation, and arcing.

[0088] This implementation method utilizes multiple methods, including video surveillance, infrared thermography (optional), and temperature, humidity, and pressure detection, to perform real-time, integrated monitoring and analysis of various key indicators within the enclosed busbar. When any indicator exceeds a preset threshold, the system can promptly issue early warning information, helping maintenance personnel effectively detect internal anomalies and take targeted measures, thereby achieving comprehensive perception and proactive protection of the enclosed busbar's operational status.

[0089] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0090] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 20 This embodiment describes in detail the principle of DC superposition (DCA) used in the online insulation monitoring system.

[0091] The core advantage of the DC superposition method lies in its ability to assess the insulation condition of equipment by superimposing a low-amplitude DC voltage and measuring the resulting weak leakage current, even under conditions of uninterrupted power supply. Its basic principle is to superimpose a low-voltage DC signal (1500VDC in this device) onto the AC phase voltage of high-voltage equipment (such as a busbar). Using a dedicated measuring device, the nanoampere to microampere level DC leakage current IDC generated in the equipment's insulation circuit is detected. Then, the insulation resistance R, reflecting the intrinsic performance of the insulation, is calculated using Ohm's law R=UDC / IDCR.

[0092] The current in an insulating material under DC voltage includes a rapidly decaying absorption current (generated by dielectric polarization) and a relatively stable leakage current (generated by the material's conductivity). Therefore, the insulation resistance increases over time until it stabilizes. Utilizing this characteristic, two important parameters can be defined:

[0093] Absorbance ratio K: Used to assess short-time polarization processes, K=R 60S / R15S Among them, R 15S and R 60S The insulation resistance was measured 15 seconds and 60 seconds after pressure was applied, respectively. When the insulation is damp or deteriorated, the K value decreases and approaches 1.

[0094] Polarization index PI: assesses long-term polarization processes, especially suitable for equipment with large capacity and complex insulation structure. PI=R 10min / R 1min It can more sensitively detect aging, moisture, or localized defects deep within the insulation.

[0095] In this embodiment, the online insulation monitoring system uses this DC superposition method to monitor the insulation of the enclosed busbar conductor to the casing. The system hardware includes an online insulation monitoring transmitter 25 (including a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor) installed inside the data acquisition terminal 26, a bus tie auxiliary contact connected to the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device, and an insulation monitoring controller installed in the cabinet.

[0096] The insulation monitoring controller includes a CPU main control unit, a DC signal generator, a precision current measurement module, an AD conversion and calculation module, a relay output module, and an RS485 communication module. The DC signal generator produces a 1500VDC test voltage, which is injected into the three phases of the enclosed busbar through a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor. The leakage current forms a loop through the busbar-to-ground insulation resistance and is collected by the precision current measurement module. After AD conversion, the CPU calculates the insulation resistance R, absorption ratio K, and polarization index PI. The relay output module can be connected to insulation degradation alarms and device fault alarms. The RS485 communication module is used to upload data to the main controller. The main controller acts as the data processing and logic control terminal of the insulation monitoring system. By continuously monitoring the absolute value of the insulation resistance and its changing trend (K and PI), the system can effectively distinguish whether the insulation is damp or aging, achieving trend analysis and early warning of the insulation status.

[0097] Electrical principles of this implementation method

[0098] The online monitoring device injects a fixed-voltage DC signal into the busbar through a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor without affecting the normal operation of the system. In this device, the signal is 1500 VDC. The insulation sensor in this device consists of the following components forming the "insulation sensing system":

[0099] High-voltage isolation sampling resistor: responsible for signal injection and current acquisition; controller internal measurement circuit: responsible for current detection and resistance calculation; DC blocking and harmonic elimination module: responsible for signal path control and system protection.

[0100] Because the system is an IT ungrounded system, there are only insulation resistance and distributed capacitance between the busbar and ground. DC signals will generate a small current (0μA–100μA) through the insulation resistance between the busbar and ground.

[0101] The device acquires a DC current in the μA range through a precision measuring circuit and calculates the insulation resistance value according to Ohm's law.

[0102] [R_{ins} = \frac{U_{DC}}{I_{DC}}]; where: (U_{DC}) = injected DC voltage (1500V); (I_{DC}) = measured DC current; (R_{ins}) = busbar insulation resistance to ground.

[0103] 2.4 Module Function and Installation Location

[0104] Controller (host): Controls the entire monitoring process, calculates insulation resistance, displays data, outputs alarms, and supports communication; installed on the switchgear panel of the enclosed busbar protection device cabinet.

[0105] High-voltage isolation sampling resistor: 1. Provides a DC signal injection channel; 2. Isolates the high-voltage system from the low-voltage measurement circuit; 3. Limits the injection current to ensure safety; Installed on the three phases of the busbar, one for each phase, fixed to the busbar (M8 screw), and the other end is connected in parallel to the controller G1 terminal.

[0106] DC blocking and harmonic elimination module (GZX10): 1. Blocks DC signals to prevent them from passing through the PT to ground, ensuring that the DC signal only acts on the insulation resistance; 2. Eliminates harmonics to prevent overvoltage caused by PT ferroresonance; Connected in series between the neutral point of the PT primary side and ground (installed inside the PT cabinet).

[0107] When two busbar sections are running in parallel, the auxiliary contact input of the bus tie automatically disconnects the monitoring of one of the sections to avoid signal conflict; it is connected to the controller terminals F1 / F2, which are from the bus tie switch cabinet.

[0108] 2.5 Functions of the 10kV High Voltage Busbar Insulation Online Monitoring Device Module

[0109] 2.5.1 Core Components of the Controller

[0110] DC signal generator: generates a stable 1500V DC test signal.

[0111] Precision current measurement: detects DC leakage current in the μA range (0-100μA).

[0112] AD Conversion and Calculation: Convert current into digital quantity and calculate insulation resistance, K1, and K2.

[0113] Main control unit: control logic, parameter settings, and data storage.

[0114] 2.5.2 Signal Loop Section

[0115] High-voltage isolation resistor: safely isolates the high-voltage busbar and limits injected current. Structure: three 45MΩ / 150W ceramic resistors, star-connected, with a parallel equivalent of 15MΩ; Wiring: one fixed to each phase busbar, the other end connected in parallel to the controller G1 terminal; Function: limits injected current (≤100μA) to achieve high-voltage isolation.

[0116] Busbar to ground circuit: Insulation resistance is the object of measurement, and distributed capacitance needs to be stabilized by charging.

[0117] DC blocking and harmonic suppression module: Critical path control, blocking DC, passing AC, and eliminating resonance. Parameters: DC impedance ≥500MΩ; AC impedance ≤40kΩ; Current limiting ≤200mA (at 3.5 times overvoltage).

[0118] 2.5.3 Input / Output Section

[0119] Bus tie auxiliary contact: identifies the bus operating mode and automatically switches the monitoring status.

[0120] External control contacts: Manual start / stop measurement signals.

[0121] Relay output: alarms for reduced insulation, device malfunction, etc.

[0122] RS485 communication: data upload, remote monitoring.

[0123] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0124] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 20 This embodiment describes a dual-unit independent design for the anti-condensation flashover protection device on the enclosed busbar. Each unit includes a 5HP refrigerated dehumidifier, a 2.2kW fan, and matching temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors. Each unit independently completes the entire process from air collection, filtration, dehumidification, magnetic purification to pressurization and delivery, and supplies air to two independent branches of the enclosed busbar. There is no air path intersection between the units, and monitoring and control are completely independent, ensuring the reliability and specificity of the moisture-proof system for each branch.

[0125] This embodiment of the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device 1 uses ambient air as the air source. Its working process is as follows: Ambient air first passes through the pre-filter unit screen door 4 to remove willow catkins and large dust particles; then it enters the self-cleaning filter unit 5 to further block dust; then it enters the refrigerated dehumidifier 6, which cools the air below the dew point, precipitating moisture and thus obtaining dry, low-temperature air; the dry air then passes through the magnetic filter 8, using the magnetic field formed by permanent magnetic rods to adsorb and filter out any magnetic metal particles that may be present in the air; finally, the treated clean, dry, and non-magnetic cold air is pressurized by the make-up air fan 7 to form a stable positive pressure airflow (the pressure can be set within the range of 300Pa-2500Pa as needed), and is transported through pipelines and injected into the enclosed busbar. Maintaining a slight positive pressure effectively prevents the infiltration of untreated humid air from the outside and continuously replaces any small amount of moisture that may be generated inside the busbar, fundamentally preventing condensation.

[0126] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0127] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 20 This embodiment describes a dual-system independent configuration for the enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device 1. It includes two independent fan dehumidifier units 3 and self-cleaning filter units 5 installed inside the cabinet 2. The self-cleaning filter units 5 are located at the air inlet of the cabinet 2. Each fan dehumidifier unit 3 includes a makeup air fan 7, a refrigerated dehumidifier 6, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor. The two fan dehumidifier units 3 correspond to two independent branches of the enclosed busbar, achieving one-to-one air supply and independent microenvironment monitoring. Each fan dehumidifier unit 3 uses ambient air as its air source, which sequentially passes through a mesh door 4 to block large particles, a self-cleaning filter unit 5 to remove dust, a refrigerated dehumidifier 6 to remove moisture, and a magnetic filter 8 to remove magnetic particles, resulting in dry, clean, low-temperature, non-magnetic unsaturated air. This air is then fed by the makeup air fan 7 to form a protective airflow, which is then introduced into the enclosed busbar of the corresponding branch. The top of the cabinet 2 is equipped with a waterproof sloping top cover 29. The waterproof sloping top cover 29 has a slope towards the ground along the middle to both sides. During rainy days, water accumulated on the waterproof sloping top cover 29 is discharged to both sides of the cabinet 2, eliminating safety hazards.

[0128] In a preferred embodiment, a screen door 4 is installed on the cabinet 2 of the enclosed busbar protection device. A self-cleaning filter unit 5 is installed at the rear of the screen door 4, and two sets of fan dehumidifier units 3 are installed at the rear of the self-cleaning filter unit 5. The refrigerated dehumidifier 6 of the fan dehumidifier unit 3 is installed inside the cabinet 2. The refrigerated dehumidifier 6 is connected to the make-up air fan 7 outside the cabinet 2. A magnetic filter 8 is installed at the air outlet of the make-up air fan 7, and a variable air outlet 9 is installed on the upper part of the magnetic filter 8. A human-machine interface 28 is also provided on the outside of the cabinet 2.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, a self-cleaning filter unit 5 is disposed at the rear of the mesh door 4, comprising a composite filter 12, a dust collection mechanism 10, and a dust blowing mechanism 11. The dust collection mechanism 10 and the dust blowing mechanism 11 are respectively installed on the windward and leeward sides of the composite filter 12 along the vertical direction, with the dust blowing mechanism 11 disposed on the leeward side of the composite filter 12 and the dust collection mechanism 10 disposed on the windward side of the composite filter 12. The dust blowing fan 15 of the dust blowing mechanism 11 and the dust collection box 14 of the dust collection mechanism 10 are respectively located at the same position on the inner and outer sides of the composite filter 12 and move synchronously. The dust collection mechanism 10 also includes a dust collection fan 13, which is connected to the dust collection box 14 through a pipe. The dust collection mechanism 10 and the dust blowing mechanism 11 are respectively provided with a horizontal platform 16 and a vertical platform 17.

[0130] In a preferred embodiment, the dust collection box 14 is mounted on the horizontal platform 16 of the dust collection mechanism 10. Driven by a motor, the dust collection box 14 can move back and forth along the horizontal platform 16. The two ends of the horizontal platform 16 are mounted on the vertical platform 17 of the dust collection mechanism 10. Driven by a motor, the horizontal platform 16 can move back and forth up and down along the vertical platform 17. Limit switches 18 are respectively provided at both ends of the horizontal platform 16. The dust blower 15 is mounted on the horizontal platform 16 of the dust blowing mechanism 11. Driven by a motor, the dust blower 15 can move back and forth along the horizontal platform 16. The two ends of the horizontal platform 16 are mounted on the vertical platform 17 of the dust blowing mechanism 11. Driven by a motor, the horizontal platform 16 can move back and forth up and down along the vertical platform 17. Limit switches 18 are respectively provided at both ends of the horizontal platform 16.

[0131] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0132] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars, characterized in that: The system includes a closed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device (1), an online insulation monitoring system, a video monitoring system, and a video monitoring cabinet (19). The front-end sensing elements of the online insulation monitoring system and the video monitoring system are integrated and installed inside an outdoor distributed data acquisition terminal (26). The data acquisition terminal (26) is installed on the moisture-absorbing part of the disc insulator on the upper end of the riser seat (27) of the phase-separated, common-box closed busbar. The closed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device (1) and the video monitoring cabinet are installed indoors. The data acquisition terminal and the video monitoring cabinet are electrically connected. The cabinet (2) of the closed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device (1) is equipped with a waterproof slope cover (29) on top. The waterproof slope cover (29) is sloped towards the ground from the middle to both sides. The enclosed busbar anti-condensation flashover protection device (1) is used to provide continuous, stable, and dry micro-positive pressure protective gas to the inside of the enclosed busbar, replace moisture and play the role of gas sealing; the online insulation monitoring system is used for online monitoring of the insulation performance of the enclosed busbar; the video monitoring system is used for video monitoring of the operating status inside the enclosed busbar, including the conductor surface and the inner surface of the busbar shell.

2. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosed bus anti-condensation flashover protection device (1) adopts a dual-system independent configuration, including two independent fan dehumidifier units (3) and self-cleaning filter units (5) installed inside the cabinet (2). The self-cleaning filter units (5) are located at the air inlet of the cabinet (2). Each fan dehumidifier unit (3) includes a makeup air fan (7), a refrigeration dehumidifier (6), a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor. Two sets of fan dehumidifier units (3) correspond to two independent branches of the enclosed busbar, respectively, to achieve one-to-one air supply and independent monitoring of the microenvironment. Each set of fan dehumidifier units (3) uses ambient air as the air source, and passes through the screen door (4) to block large particles, the self-cleaning filter unit (5) to remove dust, the refrigeration dehumidifier (6) to dehumidify, and the magnetic filter (8) to filter out magnetic particles, and is processed into dry, clean, low-temperature, non-magnetic unsaturated air. Then, the air is supplied by the make-up air fan (7) to form a protective airflow, which is then filled into the enclosed busbar of the corresponding branch.

3. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cabinet (2) of the enclosed bus anti-condensation flashover protection device (1) is equipped with a screen door (4), and a self-cleaning filter unit (5) is installed at the rear of the screen door (4). Two sets of fan dehumidifier units (3) are installed at the rear of the self-cleaning filter unit (5). The refrigerated dehumidifier (6) of the fan dehumidifier unit (3) is installed inside the cabinet (2). The refrigerated dehumidifier (6) is connected to the make-up air fan (7) outside the cabinet (2). A magnetic filter (8) is installed at the air outlet of the make-up air fan (7). A variable air outlet (9) is installed on the upper part of the magnetic filter (8). A human-machine interface (28) is also provided outside the cabinet (2).

4. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-cleaning filter unit (5) is arranged in the composite filter (12), dust collection mechanism (10) and dust blowing mechanism (11) at the rear of the screen door (4); the dust collection mechanism (10) and the dust blowing mechanism (11) are respectively installed on the windward and leeward sides of the composite filter (12) along the vertical direction, the dust blowing mechanism (11) is arranged on the leeward side of the composite filter (12) and the dust collection mechanism (10) is arranged on the windward side of the composite filter (12); The dust blowing fan (15) of the dust blowing mechanism (11) and the dust collection box (14) of the dust collection mechanism (10) are located at the same position on the inner and outer sides of the composite filter (12) and move synchronously; the dust collection mechanism (10) also includes a dust collection fan (13), which is connected to the dust collection box (14) through a pipe; the dust collection mechanism (10) and the dust blowing mechanism (11) are respectively provided with a horizontal platform (16) and a vertical platform (17).

5. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust collection box (14) is installed on the horizontal platform (16) of the dust collection mechanism (10). Driven by the motor, the dust collection box (14) can move back and forth along the horizontal platform (16). The two ends of the horizontal platform (16) are installed on the vertical platform (17) of the dust collection mechanism (10). Driven by the motor, the horizontal platform (16) can move back and forth up and down along the vertical platform (17). Limit switches (18) are respectively provided at both ends of the horizontal platform (16). The dust blower (15) is installed on the horizontal platform (16) of the dust blowing mechanism (11). Driven by the motor, the dust blower (15) can move back and forth along the horizontal platform (16). The two ends of the horizontal platform (16) are installed on the vertical platform (17) of the dust blowing mechanism (11). Driven by the motor, the horizontal platform (16) can move back and forth along the vertical platform (17). Limit switches (18) are respectively provided at both ends of the horizontal platform (16).

6. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The video surveillance cabinet (19) is equipped with a monitor (20) on the upper layer and a network video recorder (21) on the lower layer. The network video recorder (21) is the data storage center of the system and is responsible for collecting and storing the video images transmitted from all front-end devices. The data acquisition terminal (26) is electrically connected to the main controller. The data acquisition terminal (26) is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor (22), a pressure sensor (23), and a magnetically shielded miniature camera (24) to collect data and image data inside the enclosed busbar in real time.

7. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity sensor (22) detects the temperature and humidity changes in the air inside the enclosed busbar. When the temperature or humidity of the air inside the busbar casing is higher than the set value, it sends abnormal data back to the main controller, and the main controller issues an over-temperature or over-humidity warning. The pressure sensor (23) detects the pressure change in the air inside the enclosed busbar. When the air pressure inside the enclosed busbar is abnormal to the set value, it sends abnormal data back to the main controller, and the main controller issues a pressure abnormality warning. The antimagnetic miniature camera (24) captures and collects full-color images of the enclosed busbar, and detects abnormal phenomena such as condensation inside the enclosed busbar in real time.

8. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The online insulation monitoring system uses the DC superposition method to monitor the insulation of the closed bus conductor to the shell, including an online insulation monitoring transmitter (25) installed inside the data acquisition terminal (26), bus tie auxiliary contact input, and insulation monitoring controller inside the closed bus anti-condensation flashover protection device; The insulation online monitoring transmitter (25) includes a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor responsible for signal injection and current acquisition, and a DC blocking and harmonic elimination module responsible for signal path control and system protection. The internal measurement circuit of the insulation monitoring controller is responsible for current detection and resistance calculation. The high-voltage isolation sampling resistor is installed on the three phases of the busbar. One end of the high-voltage isolation sampling resistor is fixed to the busbar busbar, and the other end is connected in parallel to the controller. The DC blocking and harmonic elimination module is connected in series between the neutral point of the primary side of the PT and ground. The bus tie auxiliary contact input is connected to the insulation monitoring controller terminal.

9. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 8, characterized in that: The insulation monitoring controller includes a CPU main control unit, a DC signal generator, a relay output module, an RS485 communication module, an AD conversion and calculation module, and a precision current measurement module; the DC signal generator, the relay output module, the RS485 communication module, and the AD conversion and calculation module are all electrically connected to the CPU main control unit, and the DC signal generator and the AD conversion and calculation module are respectively electrically connected to the precision current measurement module; The DC blocking and harmonic elimination module and the precision current measurement module are electrically connected. The high-voltage isolation sampling resistor and the DC signal generator are electrically connected. The relay output module is electrically connected to the insulation reduction alarm module and the device fault alarm module, respectively. The RS485 communication module and the computer host computer are electrically connected.

10. The integrated protection device for online detection and video monitoring of solid-gas insulation of enclosed busbars according to claim 9, characterized in that: The insulation monitoring controller generates a 1500VDC test voltage through its DC signal generator, which is injected into the enclosed busbar through a high-voltage isolation sampling resistor. The injected microampere-level DC current is collected through a measurement circuit to calculate the insulation resistance of the busbar conductor to the outer casing and ground, and the absorption ratio K=R is measured. 60s / R 15s And polarization index PI=R 10min / R 1min It can distinguish whether the insulation has deteriorated, and realize insulation status trend analysis and early warning.

Images