Multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for wine-making solid-liquid waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid waste recycling, in particular to a multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for wine brewing solid-liquid waste. The system comprises: a coarse filtration device for performing coarse filtration on wine-making solid-liquid waste to obtain a first-stage solid recovered material and a coarse filtrate; the fine filtration device is used for performing fine filtration on the coarse filtrate to obtain a secondary solid recycled material and fine filtrate; the solid-liquid separation dehydrator is used for extruding and dehydrating the fine filtrate to obtain a third-stage solid recycled material and final filtrate; and the filtrate treatment device is used for carrying out microfiltration on the final filtrate to obtain a fourth-stage solid recycled material and filtered water, and controlling the filtered water to be subjected to internal recycling in the system and / or carrying out preset treatment on the filtered water and then conveying the filtered water to a factory area to be subjected to external recycling. According to the system, the wine-making solid-liquid waste is filtered for multiple times, so that multiple stages of solid recycled materials and filtered water are obtained, the solid recycled materials at all stages can be recycled in a targeted mode, and then the recycling efficiency of the wine-making solid-liquid waste is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-liquid waste recycling technology, specifically to a multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for brewing solid-liquid waste. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional baijiu brewing, a large amount of solid and liquid waste is generated, mainly consisting of lees. Statistics show that producing one ton of baijiu produces approximately three to five tons of lees. The main components of lees are water (generally 60% to 70%), incompletely utilized starch and coarse fiber (sorghum husks, rice husks, bran), etc. Directly discarding the dry matter would result in serious waste and rapid decomposition, producing gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Directly discharging the water would cause severe pollution of surface water. Specifically, the water in lees has extremely high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). If it enters surface water, it will lead to oxygen depletion, resulting in fish deaths and foul-smelling water.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN202210542012.1 discloses a method and device for the combined treatment of baijiu (Chinese liquor) lees and high-concentration brewing wastewater. This method involves feeding high-concentration brewing wastewater and baijiu by-product lees into an anaerobic fermentation tank to produce biogas. The fermentation liquid is then separated into biogas slurry and biogas residue by a separator. Part of the biogas slurry is returned to the anaerobic fermentation tank, while the remainder is stored in a biogas slurry storage tank for comprehensive utilization. The biogas residue is then fed into an organic fertilizer production system to produce organic fertilizer, thus achieving resource utilization. However, this method only utilizes the lees extensively, failing to classify and utilize the different dry components in the lees, such as large particles, coarse fibers, small particles, fine residue, and micro-residue, resulting in low utilization efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for brewing solid and liquid waste, capable of multi-stage sorting of the lees generated during the brewing process, facilitating targeted utilization. This aims to achieve efficient recycling and utilization, making the most of resources and realizing environmentally friendly production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for brewing solid and liquid waste. By performing multiple filtrations on brewing solid and liquid waste, multi-stage solid recyclables and final filtrate are obtained, thereby enabling targeted recycling of each stage of solid recyclables and improving the recycling efficiency of brewing solid and liquid waste.

[0006] This invention provides a system for recycling brewing solid and liquid waste. The system includes: a coarse filtration device for coarsely filtering the brewing solid and liquid waste to obtain primary solid recyclables and coarse filtrate; a fine filtration device for finely filtering the coarse filtrate to obtain secondary solid recyclables and fine filtrate; a solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine for squeezing and dehydrating the fine filtrate to obtain tertiary solid recyclables and final filtrate; and a filtrate treatment device for micro-filtering the final filtrate to obtain quaternary solid recyclables and filtered water, and for controlling the filtered water to be internally recycled and reused within the brewing solid and liquid waste recycling system and / or for pre-treating the filtered water before transporting it to the factory area for external recycling and reuse.

[0007] Furthermore, the coarse filtration device includes a housing, a first filter assembly, a first guide channel, and a solid phase recovery assembly; the first filter assembly includes a first filter screen, which is fixedly connected to the housing; the first guide channel is fixedly connected to the housing and is used to receive the primary solid recycled material filtered out by the first filter screen; a first liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the housing and is connected to the fine filtration device; the solid phase recovery assembly is used to guide the primary solid recycled material into the first guide channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the solid phase recovery assembly includes a sliding rod, a scraper, and a telescopic mechanism; the sliding rod is parallel to the first filter screen; one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the scraper, and the other end extends to the outside of the housing; the sliding rod is slidably connected to the housing, and the direction of their relative sliding is parallel to the length direction of the sliding rod; one end of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the first filter assembly also includes a secondary filter with the same aperture as the first filter screen. The secondary filter screen is attached to the lower surface of the first filter screen and the two are slidably connected. The direction of their relative sliding is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding rod. An abutment rod and an elastic part are fixedly provided on the secondary filter screen. The abutment rod extends above the first filter screen, and the end of the elastic part away from the secondary filter screen abuts against the housing. During the process of the sliding rod driving the scraper away from the first guide groove, the scraper can abut against the abutment rod and thus push the secondary filter screen to slide relative to the first filter screen, so that the meshes of the first filter screen and the secondary filter screen are aligned. During the process of the sliding rod driving the scraper closer to the first guide groove, the secondary filter screen slides relative to the first filter screen under the action of the elastic part, thereby causing the meshes of the first filter screen and the secondary filter screen to be misaligned.

[0010] Furthermore, the coarse filtration device also includes a water spraying assembly, which includes a nozzle fixedly connected to the scraper; the nozzle sprays water toward the side of the scraper near the first guide groove, and the water sprayed from the nozzle is the final filtrate.

[0011] Optionally, the coarse filtration device further includes a water spray assembly, which includes a slide rail, a slider, a return spring, and a nozzle. The slide rail is parallel to the first filter screen and fixedly connected to the housing. The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the nozzle is fixedly mounted on the slider. A limiting part is provided at one end of the slide rail near the first guide groove, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the limiting part and the slider. A plug-in part is provided on the slider, and a plug-in interface is provided on the scraper. When the sliding rod drives the scraper away from the end of its stroke from the first guide groove, the plug-in part can be inserted into the plug-in interface. Subsequently, as the sliding rod drives the scraper closer to the limiting part, the slider and the scraper move synchronously. After the slider and the scraper have moved a preset distance synchronously, the return spring causes the plug-in part to disengage from the plug-in interface and pushes the slider back to its original position. During the synchronous movement of the slider and the scraper, the nozzle sprays water toward the side of the scraper near the first guide groove, and the water sprayed by the nozzle is the final filtrate.

[0012] Furthermore, the first filter screen is inclined, and the first guide groove is connected to the higher end of the first filter screen.

[0013] Furthermore, a first gap exists between the lower surface of the scraper and the upper surface of the first filter screen, and the width of the first gap is equal to the mesh radius of the first filter screen.

[0014] Furthermore, both the first filter component and the solid phase recovery component are in two sets, with each set of two solid phase recovery components corresponding to one set of two first filter components; the two sets of first filter components are arranged in a vertical array, with the pore size of the lower first filter component being smaller than that of the upper first filter component.

[0015] Furthermore, the fine filtration device includes a mounting frame, a filter cartridge, a drive motor, a second guide groove, and a collection tank; the filter cartridge is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame with its rotating shaft horizontal; the drive motor drives the filter cartridge to rotate; the second guide groove is fixedly connected to the mounting frame and inserted into the filter cartridge at an angle; the collection tank is fixedly connected to the mounting frame and located below the filter cartridge; the filter cartridge includes a conical tube with two large ends fastened together, and a second filter screen is provided in the axial middle section of the conical tube; a second outlet is provided at the bottom of the collection tank, and the second outlet is connected to the solid-liquid separation dewatering machine.

[0016] Furthermore, the fine filtration device also includes a scraper, which is located above the second guide groove and fixedly connected to the second guide groove, with the upper edge of the scraper adhering to the second filter screen.

[0017] Furthermore, multiple filter plates are provided in the connecting section of the two conical tubes, evenly distributed around the circumference of the axis of the conical tubes. The length direction of the filter plates is parallel to the axial direction of the conical tubes, and a slag collection groove is formed between two adjacent filter plates. The aperture of the filter plates is equal to the aperture of the second filter screen.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a multi-gradient sorting method for brewing solid and liquid waste. Based on the aforementioned brewing solid and liquid waste recycling system, the multi-gradient sorting method includes: continuously injecting brewing solid and liquid waste into a coarse filtration device for coarse filtration to obtain primary solid recyclables and coarse filtrate; inputting the coarse filtrate into a fine filtration device for fine filtration to obtain secondary solid recyclables and fine filtrate; inputting the fine filtrate into a solid-liquid separation dehydrator for extrusion dehydration to obtain tertiary solid recyclables and final filtrate; inputting the final filtrate into a filtrate treatment device for microfiltration to obtain quaternary solid recyclables and filtered water; and, through the filtrate treatment device, conveying the filtered water to at least one of the coarse filtration device, the fine filtration device, and the solid-liquid separation dehydrator for rinsing, and / or subjecting the filtered water to pre-treatment before conveying it to at least one of the following for use in the factory area: greening irrigation water, production process water, and domestic water.

[0019] Furthermore, the coarse filtration device includes a primary filtration and a secondary filtration. Continuously injecting the brewing solid-liquid waste into the coarse filtration device for coarse filtration includes: performing a primary filtration on the brewing solid-liquid waste, and then performing a secondary filtration on the filtrate produced by the primary filtration; the mesh diameter of the primary filter is larger than that of the secondary filter, and the mesh diameter of the secondary filter is larger than that of the fine filtration device; the mesh diameter of the fine filtration device is larger than that of the solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine, and the mesh diameter of the solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine is larger than that of the filtrate treatment device.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. The multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for brewing solid and liquid waste provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting up a coarse filtration device, a fine filtration device, a solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine and a filtrate treatment device, can sort and recycle the dry matter in brewing solid and liquid waste according to particle size in a multi-gradient manner, thereby facilitating the targeted recycling of solid waste at each level; in addition, the final filtrate is micro-filtered by the filtrate treatment device to obtain filtered water, and the filtered water is transported back to the recycling system for internal circulation and reuse, which can reduce the external water used in the filtration process of the coarse and fine filtration devices. The filtered water is pre-treated by the filtrate treatment device and then transported to the factory area for external circulation and reuse, which can be used as at least one of the following: factory greening irrigation water, production process water, and domestic water, thereby reducing the water consumption in the factory area; 2. The multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for brewing solid and liquid waste provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting a secondary filter screen, and by using the mesh of the first filter screen and the secondary filter screen to switch between "aligned" and "staggered", can make the particles stuck in the nearly elliptical filter holes of the first filter component that play an actual filtering role fall off, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of filter screen clogging of the first filter component. 3. The multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for brewing solid and liquid waste provided in this embodiment of the invention can scrape off the dry matter on the second filter screen located above the filter cylinder by setting a scraper, thereby forcing it to fall into the second guide trough below; by setting a filter plate in the section of the filter cylinder in which the second filter screen is not set, the section in the middle of the filter cylinder in which the second filter screen is not set is divided into multiple slag collection troughs along the circumferential direction, so that the relatively large dry matter particles fall into the slag collection trough. After the slag collection trough rotates to the top of the filter cylinder, these relatively large dry matter particles can fall into the second guide trough below under the action of gravity. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a coarse filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A longitudinal sectional view of a coarse filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Another longitudinal sectional view of the coarse filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 According to Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of area A; Figure 6 Another longitudinal sectional view of the coarse filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fine filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A longitudinal sectional view of a fine filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 1-Box body; 11-First liquid outlet; 21-First filter screen; 22-Secondary filter screen; 221-Abutting rod; 222-Elastic part; 3-First guide groove; 41-Sliding rod; 42-Scraper; 421-Insertion interface; 43-Connecting rod; 51-Nozzle; 52-Slide rail; 521-Limiting part; 53-Slider; 531-Insertion part; 54-Reset spring; 6-Mounting frame; 7-Filter cylinder; 71-Second filter screen; 72-Filter plate; 73-Slag collection tank; 8-Second guide groove; 81-Scraper; 9-Liquid collection tank; 91-Second liquid outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that this invention is already in the actual research and development stage.

[0024] In traditional baijiu brewing, a large amount of solid and liquid waste is generated. If the dry matter is discarded directly, it will result in serious waste. Moreover, this dry matter will decompose rapidly, producing gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. If the water contained in it is discharged directly, it will cause serious pollution to surface water. Specifically, the water in the lees has extremely high chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand. If it enters the surface water, it will cause water bodies to lack oxygen, which will lead to consequences such as fish deaths and foul odors in the water.

[0025] To achieve refined recycling of brewing solid and liquid waste, this invention provides a multi-gradient sorting method and recycling system for brewing solid and liquid waste. This system involves multiple filtration stages to obtain multi-stage solid recyclables (by filtering and classifying the dry matter in the brewing solid and liquid waste according to particle size, resulting in different forms of dry components such as large particles, coarse fibers, small particles, fine residue, and micro-residue) and final filtrate. This facilitates targeted recycling of each stage of solid recyclables, thereby improving the recycling efficiency of brewing solid and liquid waste and achieving efficient recycling to maximize resource utilization and realize environmentally friendly production.

[0026] Example 1: like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a system for recycling brewing solid and liquid waste, which includes: A coarse filtration device is used to coarsely filter the brewing solid-liquid waste to obtain primary solid recycled material and coarse filtrate; A fine filtration device is used to finely filter the coarse filtrate to obtain a secondary solid recovery and a fine filtrate; A solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine, used for pressing and dehydrating the fine filtrate to obtain a three-stage solid recovery and a final filtrate; and... The filtrate treatment device is used to micro-filter the final filtrate to obtain four-stage solid recyclables and filtered water, and is used to control the filtered water to be internally recycled and reused in the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system and / or to transport the filtered water to the factory area for external recycling and reuse after pre-treatment.

[0027] Obviously, the mesh diameter of the coarse filtration device is larger than that of the fine filtration device, the mesh diameter of the fine filtration device is larger than that of the solid-liquid separation dewatering machine, and the mesh diameter of the solid-liquid separation dewatering machine is larger than that of the filtrate treatment device.

[0028] Accordingly, the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment, by setting up a coarse filtration device, a fine filtration device, a solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine, and a filtrate treatment device, can sort and recycle the dry matter in the brewing solid-liquid waste according to particle size in a multi-gradient manner, thereby facilitating the targeted recycling of solid waste at each level. In addition, the final filtrate is micro-filtered by the filtrate treatment device (it should be understood that "micro-filtration" here does not specifically refer to the pore size level of the filtration process; its pore size is smaller than the pore size of the solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine, and can be set as needed) to obtain filtered water, which is then transported back to the recycling system for internal circulation and reuse (mainly for spray rinsing of the coarse filtration device, fine filtration device, and solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine). This can reduce the external water used in the coarse and fine filtration processes. Furthermore, the filtered water, after being pre-treated by the filtrate treatment device, is transported to the factory area for external circulation and reuse, which can be used as irrigation water for greening in the factory area, production process water, or domestic water, thereby reducing the water consumption in the factory area. It should be understood that, given the characteristics of filtered water, when it is used for irrigation of park green spaces, the pre-treatment should include anaerobic fermentation, biochemical stabilization, and pH adjustment (anaerobic fermentation, biochemical stabilization, and pH adjustment can be performed using existing water treatment methods). This will reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the filtered water, remove odors, and balance pH, ensuring that the treated filtered water meets the requirements for water quality stability and safety for park green space irrigation. If it is used as process water in a factory (such as condensate from the production process), the pre-treatment should include biochemical degradation, deep filtration (such as reverse osmosis filtration), disinfection (such as ultraviolet disinfection and ozone disinfection), and water quality stabilization (pH adjustment, softening, etc.) to significantly reduce COD and BOD, remove dissolved organic matter, inorganic salts, and microorganisms, thereby meeting the requirements for condensate water such as scale prevention, corrosion prevention, and prevention of biofilm clogging. If it is used as domestic water in a factory, the pre-treatment should be performed using methods similar to those for tap water, which will not be elaborated here.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figures 2 to 6 As shown (where, Figure 2 To show the internal structure of the coarse filtration device (part of the coarse filtration device has been cut away), the coarse filtration device includes a housing 1, a first filter assembly, a first guide channel 3, and a solid phase recovery assembly; The first filter assembly includes a first filter screen 21, which is fixedly connected to the housing 1; The first guide channel 3 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the first guide channel 3 is used to receive the primary solid recyclable material filtered out by the first filter screen 21; A first liquid outlet 11 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1, and the first liquid outlet 11 is connected to the fine filter device; The solid phase recovery component is used to guide the primary solid recyclable material into the first guide channel 3.

[0030] The solid phase recovery assembly includes a sliding rod 41, a scraper 42, and a telescopic mechanism. The sliding rod 41 is parallel to the first filter screen 21; one end of the sliding rod 41 is fixedly connected to the scraper 42, and the other end extends to the outside of the box 1; the sliding rod 41 is slidably connected to the box 1, and the direction of their relative sliding is parallel to the length direction of the sliding rod 41. One end of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 41.

[0031] Obviously, the box 1 is fixedly installed, and the first guide groove 3 extends to the outside of the box 1. The first guide groove 3 has a certain slope, which facilitates the primary solid recyclable material entering the first guide groove 3 to be output to the outside of the box 1. The telescopic mechanism (not shown in the figure) is an existing mature device such as a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a linear motor, which will not be described in detail here.

[0032] The working principle of the coarse filtration device is as follows: The brewing solid and liquid waste to be processed is continuously fed into the coarse filtration device from above the first filter screen 21 and the telescopic mechanism is activated. Under the action of the first filter screen 21, the solid and liquid waste retains dry matter with a size larger than the mesh size of the first filter screen 21. Under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the sliding rod 41 drives the scraper 42 to reciprocate linearly above the first filter screen 21, thereby scraping these dry materials into the first guide groove 3, so that they are output to the outside of the box 1 along the first guide groove 3, and thus obtaining primary solid recycled material.

[0033] Accordingly, the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment uses a first filter screen 21 to coarsely filter the brewing solid-liquid waste, so that larger primary solid recyclables are trapped above the first filter screen 21; and by setting a solid phase recovery component, the primary solid recyclables gathered above the first filter screen 21 can be discharged in time, so as to avoid them from hindering smaller dry matter from passing through the first filter screen 21, and also to prevent small dry matter from mixing into the primary solid recyclables.

[0034] Preferably, the first filter screen 21 is inclined, and the first guide groove 3 is connected to the higher end of the first filter screen 21.

[0035] Therefore, during the process of scraping the primary solid recyclable material on the first filter screen 21 into the first guide groove 3 by the scraper 42, the water content of the primary solid recyclable material can be effectively reduced.

[0036] Preferably, there is a first gap between the lower surface of the scraper 42 and the upper surface of the first filter screen 21, and the width of the first gap is equal to the mesh radius of the first filter screen 21.

[0037] Therefore, when the scraper 42 scrapes the primary solid recyclable material on the first filter screen 21, it can effectively reduce the collection of particles smaller than the target size and prevent smaller particles from being mixed into the primary solid recyclable material.

[0038] Example 2: like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, the difference being that in this embodiment: The first filter assembly further includes a secondary filter 22 with the same pore size as the first filter 21. The secondary filter 22 is attached to the lower surface of the first filter 21 and the two are slidably connected. The direction of their relative sliding is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding rod 41. An abutment rod 221 and an elastic part 222 are fixedly provided on the secondary filter 22. The abutment rod 221 extends above the first filter 21, and the end of the elastic part 222 away from the secondary filter 22 abuts against the housing 1. During the process of the sliding rod 41 driving the scraper 42 away from the first guide groove 3, the scraper 42 can abut against the abutment rod 221 and thus push the secondary filter screen 22 to slide relative to the first filter screen 21, so that the mesh of the first filter screen 21 and the secondary filter screen 22 are aligned; during the process of the sliding rod 41 driving the scraper 42 closer to the first guide groove 3, the secondary filter screen 22 slides relative to the first filter screen 21 under the action of the elastic part 222, so that the mesh of the first filter screen 21 and the secondary filter screen 22 are misaligned.

[0039] Preferably, such as Figures 2 to 6 As shown, both the first filter screen 21 and the secondary filter screen 22 are L-shaped, and they are fitted together in a "translational" manner. Then, as the sliding rod 41 drives the scraper 42 to slide to the right (from... Figure 3 The scene shown changes as follows Figure 4 In the scenario shown), the scraper 42 abuts against the abutment rod 221 and pushes the secondary filter 22 to slide to the right relative to the first filter 21 (during this process, the elastic part 222 is compressed), so that the mesh of the first filter 21 and the secondary filter 22 are aligned; while the sliding rod 41 reaches the right limit position and drives the scraper 42 to slide to the left (from Figure 4 The scene shown changes as follows Figure 6 (As shown in the scenario), the elastic part 222 releases elastic potential energy, causing the secondary filter 22 to slide to the left relative to the first filter 21 (during this process, the L-shaped first filter 21 can limit the sliding distance of the secondary filter 22, playing a limiting role), thereby causing the mesh of the first filter 21 and the secondary filter 22 to be misaligned.

[0040] Obviously, in this embodiment, the actual filter size of the first filter component is the size of the filter holes that are close to an elliptical shape when the meshes of the first filter screen 21 and the secondary filter screen 22 are misaligned.

[0041] Accordingly, the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment, by setting a secondary filter 22, utilizes the switching between "aligned" and "staggered" meshes of the first filter 21 and the secondary filter 22 to allow particles stuck in the nearly elliptical filter holes that actually perform the filtering function of the first filter component to fall off, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of filter clogging of the first filter component.

[0042] Example 3: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, with the difference being that in this embodiment: The coarse filtration device also includes a water spraying assembly, which includes a nozzle 51 and is fixedly connected to the scraper 42. The nozzle 51 sprays water toward the side of the scraper 42 near the first guide groove 3, and the water sprayed by the nozzle 51 is the final filtrate.

[0043] It should be understood that the section of the water supply pipe connected to the nozzle 51 located inside the housing 1 is a flexible pipe, which can bend as the nozzle 51 moves and always remain unobstructed, such as a corrugated pipe or a soft rubber hose.

[0044] Accordingly, the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment, by fixing the nozzle 51 on the scraper 42, can wash the dry matter collected by the scraper 42 through the nozzle 51, thereby disturbing the accumulation state of the dry matter, promoting the sinking of the small particles contained therein and passing through the first filter screen 21, thereby preventing smaller particles from being mixed into the primary solid recyclable.

[0045] Example 4: like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, the difference being that in this embodiment: The coarse filtration device also includes a water spraying assembly, which includes a slide rail 52, a slider 53, a return spring 54, and a nozzle 51. The slide rail 52 is parallel to the first filter screen 21 and is fixedly connected to the housing 1. The slider 53 is slidably connected to the slide rail 52. The nozzle 51 is fixedly installed on the slider 53. A limiting part 521 is provided at one end of the slide rail 52 near the first guide groove 3. The two ends of the return spring 54 are respectively connected to the limiting part 521 and the slider 53. A plug-in portion 531 is provided on the slider 53, and a plug-in interface 421 is provided on the scraper 42; When the sliding rod 41 drives the scraper 42 away from the end of its stroke from the first guide groove 3, the insertion part 531 can be inserted into the insertion interface 421; thereafter, as the sliding rod 41 drives the scraper 42 closer to the limiting part 521, the slider 53 and the scraper 42 move synchronously; after the slider 53 and the scraper 42 move synchronously a preset distance, the return spring 54 causes the insertion part 531 to disengage from the insertion interface 421 and pushes the slider 53 to reset. During the synchronous movement of the slider 53 and the scraper 42, the nozzle 51 sprays water toward the side of the scraper 42 that is close to the first guide groove 3, and the water sprayed by the nozzle 51 is the final filtrate.

[0046] Preferably, in order to prevent the return spring 54 from being stuck by particles in the brewing solid-liquid waste and unable to extend and retract normally, the return spring 54 is a composite structure, which includes a spring body and a covering layer covering the outside of the spring body, so that the outside of the return spring 54 is cylindrical, and the return spring 54 is sleeved on the outside of the slide rail 52.

[0047] The working principle of the water spray component is as follows: The nozzle 51 continuously dispenses water, and the sliding rod 41 drives the scraper 42 to reciprocate linearly above the first filter screen 21. When the sliding rod 41 drives the scraper 42 to slide to the right to the end of its stroke (e.g. Figure 4 , Figure 5 In the scenario shown), the insertion part 531 is precisely inserted into the insertion interface 421, forming a pre-tightening force (similar to the structure of a clothing snap button, which will not be described in detail here). Afterwards, the sliding rod 41 drives the scraper 42 to slide to the left (from...). Figure 4 The scene shown changes as follows Figure 6 In the scenario shown, the reset spring 54 is compressed during this process until the pushing force of the reset spring 54 on the slider 53 is greater than the preload force between the plug part 531 and the plug interface 421. The plug part 531 and the plug interface 421 are released, and the slider 53 is pushed back to its original position under the action of the reset spring 54 (reaching the position where the plug part 531 on the slider 53 is inserted into the plug interface 421).

[0048] Accordingly, the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment, compared with the aforementioned embodiment, can, during the first half of the stroke of the scraper 42 moving towards the first guide channel 3, use the nozzle 51 to flush the dry matter collected by the scraper 42, thereby disturbing the accumulation state of these dry matters, promoting the sinking of the small particles contained therein and passing through the first filter screen 21, and timely detaching from the scraper 42, thus avoiding the increase in the water content of the primary solid recycled material caused by spraying water to flush the dry matter collected by the scraper 42 during the second half of the stroke of the scraper 42 moving towards the first guide channel 3.

[0049] Preferably, in a specific practice of this embodiment, both the first filter component and the solid phase recovery component are in two sets, with the two solid phase recovery components corresponding one-to-one with the two first filter components; The two sets of the first filter components are arranged in a vertical array, with the pore size of the lower first filter component being smaller than that of the upper first filter component.

[0050] Correspondingly, the primary solid recycled material discharged from the upper first guide channel 3, due to its relatively intact particles, can be used as a brewing auxiliary material after appropriate processing to improve the fluffiness of brewing raw materials; although the primary solid recycled material discharged from the lower first guide channel 3 has poor particle integrity, it contains crude fiber and rich starch, and can be used as feed raw material after appropriate processing.

[0051] It should be understood that when there are two sets of both the first filter assembly and the solid phase recovery assembly, the two first filter assemblies can also be equipped with auxiliary filters 22, water spray assemblies, etc. To facilitate the driving of the sliding rod 41, one end of the sliding rod 41 of the two solid phase recovery assemblies located outside the housing 1 can be connected by a connecting rod 43, so that one end of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing 1 and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 43, thus only one telescopic mechanism needs to be used.

[0052] Example 5: like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, the difference being that in this embodiment: The fine filtration device includes a mounting frame 6, a filter cartridge 7, a drive motor, a second guide channel 8, and a collection tank 9; The filter cartridge 7 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 6 with the rotating shaft horizontal. The drive motor is used to drive the filter cartridge 7 to rotate. The second guide groove 8 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 6 and inserted into the filter cartridge 7 and is inclined. The liquid collection tank 9 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 6 and located below the filter cartridge 7. The filter cartridge 7 includes two conical tubes with their two ends fastened together, and a second filter screen 71 is provided in the axial middle section of the conical tube. A second liquid outlet 91 is provided at the bottom of the liquid collection tank 9, and the second liquid outlet 91 is connected to the solid-liquid separation dehydrator.

[0053] It should be understood that the mounting bracket 6 is fixedly mounted, and the drive motor (not shown in the figure) is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 6. The drive motor drives the filter cartridge 7 to rotate, for example, by fixing a drive gear (not shown in the figure) on the output shaft of the drive motor, and extending a tubular section axially from one end of the filter cartridge 7, with a driven gear (not shown in the figure) formed on the outer circumferential surface of the tubular section that meshes with the drive gear. Obviously, the mesh size of the second filter screen 71 is smaller than the mesh size of the filter element of the coarse filtration device.

[0054] Therefore, the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment injects the coarse filtrate into the filter cylinder 7 through the small end of any conical tube via a corresponding conveying pipe. The coarse filtrate is filtered by the second filter screen 71, so that dry matter with a size larger than the mesh size of the second filter screen 71 is intercepted inside the second filter screen 71. As the filter cylinder 7 rotates, this dry matter rotates to a higher position and falls into the second guide trough 8 below under the action of gravity, and is then discharged by the second guide trough 8 to form secondary solid recycled material.

[0055] In a specific practice of this embodiment, the secondary solid recycled material discharged from the second guide channel 8 is finely crushed or even has no obvious particle feel. However, because of its high phosphorus and nitrogen content, it is very suitable as a raw material for organic fertilizer. Moreover, because of its fine particle size, it is beneficial to composting and fermentation during the preparation of organic fertilizer.

[0056] However, because the mesh diameter of the second filter screen 71 is small, the dry matter particles it intercepts are fine and even mud-like with no obvious particle texture, making it difficult for them to fall off by gravity when rotated above the filter cylinder 7.

[0057] Therefore, in this embodiment, the fine filtration device further includes a scraper 81, which is located above the second guide groove 8 and is fixedly connected to the second guide groove 8, with the upper edge of the scraper 81 attached to the second filter screen 71.

[0058] Accordingly, the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment can scrape off the dry matter on the second filter screen 71 located above the filter cylinder 7 by setting a scraper 81, thereby forcing it to fall into the second guide groove 8 below.

[0059] Preferably, a plurality of filter plates 72 are provided in the connecting section of the two conical tubes, which are evenly distributed around the axis of the conical tubes. The length direction of the filter plates 72 is parallel to the axial direction of the conical tubes, and a slag collection groove 73 is formed between two adjacent filter plates 72. The aperture of the filter plates 72 is equal to the aperture of the second filter screen 71.

[0060] Accordingly, in the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system provided in this embodiment, the second filter screen 71 intercepts the dry matter on the inner side. The relatively large dry matter particles will gradually fall into the middle section of the filter cylinder 7 where the second filter screen 71 is not installed under the combined effects of the inclined wall of the conical tube, the rotation of the filter cylinder 7, and the flow of the coarse filtrate inside. In this embodiment, by setting a filter plate 72 in the middle section of the filter cylinder 7 where the second filter screen 71 is not installed, the middle section of the filter cylinder 7 where the second filter screen 71 is not installed is divided into multiple slag collection troughs 73 along the circumferential direction. Then, these relatively large dry matter particles fall into the slag collection trough 73. After the slag collection trough 73 rotates to the top of the filter cylinder 7, these relatively large dry matter particles can fall into the lower second guide trough 8 under the action of gravity.

[0061] Next, the fine filtrate is fed into a solid-liquid separator for further processing. The tertiary solid recoveries output by the solid-liquid separator are mainly finely broken distiller's grains fibers and semi-hydrolyzed starch residues. After further dehydration and drying (e.g., using waste heat from brewing in the factory area), these can be used to produce biomass fuel. The final filtrate output from the solid-liquid separator is fed into a filtrate treatment device for further processing. The quaternary solid recoveries output by the filtrate treatment device are mainly fine, paste-like starch. After further dehydration and drying (e.g., using waste heat from brewing in the factory area), these can be used to produce animal feed.

[0062] For the solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine, commercially available mature products can be selected, and will not be elaborated on here.

[0063] Example 6: This embodiment provides a multi-gradient sorting method for brewing solid and liquid waste. Based on the aforementioned brewing solid and liquid waste recycling system, the multi-gradient sorting method for brewing solid and liquid waste includes: The solid and liquid waste from brewing is continuously injected into a coarse filtration device for coarse filtration to obtain primary solid recycled material and coarse filtrate. The coarse filtrate is fed into a fine filtration device for fine filtration to obtain secondary solid recoveries and fine filtrate; The fine filtrate is fed into a solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine for extrusion dehydration to obtain three-stage solid recoveries and final filtrate. The final filtrate is fed into a filtrate treatment device for microfiltration to obtain four-stage solid recoveries and filtered water. The filtered water is then fed into at least one of the coarse filter, the fine filter, and the solid-liquid separation dewatering machine for rinsing, and / or the filtered water is pre-treated and then transported to the plant area for use as at least one of the following: plant area greening irrigation water, production process water, and domestic water.

[0064] More preferably, the coarse filtration device includes a primary filtration and a secondary filtration, wherein continuously injecting the brewing solid-liquid waste into the coarse filtration device for coarse filtration includes: The brewing solid-liquid waste is subjected to primary filtration, and then the filtrate produced by primary filtration is subjected to secondary filtration. The mesh diameter of the primary filter is larger than that of the secondary filter, which in turn is larger than that of the fine filter; the mesh diameter of the fine filter is larger than that of the solid-liquid separation dewatering machine, which in turn is larger than that of the filtrate treatment device.

[0065] Accordingly, the multi-gradient sorting method for brewing solid and liquid waste provided in this embodiment achieves multi-gradient sorting of brewing solid and liquid waste by sequentially passing it through a coarse filter, a fine filter, a solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine, and a filtrate treatment device. This results in the following: a primary solid waste with relatively intact particles (obtained by primary filtration); a primary solid waste with poor particle integrity but rich in crude fiber and starch (obtained by secondary filtration); a secondary solid waste with finely broken particles or even no obvious particle texture (obtained by the fine filter); a tertiary solid waste mainly composed of finely broken distiller's grains fiber and semi-hydrolyzed starch residue (obtained by the solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine); and a quaternary solid waste mainly composed of starch powder (obtained by the filtrate treatment device). These solid wastes can be used to prepare brewing adjuncts, feed, bio-fertilizer, biomass fuel, and feed, respectively, achieving targeted recycling of dry matter in brewing solid and liquid waste and improving recycling efficiency. Furthermore, for the filtered water, by sending it to at least one of the coarse filtration device, the fine filtration device, and the solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine for spray rinsing, the external water required for the filtration process of the coarse filtration device, the fine filtration device, and the solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine can be effectively reduced, realizing the internal recycling of filtered water within the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system. Simultaneously, the filtered water can also be pre-treated and then sent to the factory area for use as greening irrigation water, production process water, or domestic water, thereby realizing the external recycling of filtered water outside the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system. Thus, the multi-gradient sorting method for brewing solid-liquid waste provided in this embodiment can fully recover and utilize both dry matter and water in brewing solid-liquid waste, with high recycling efficiency and good environmental performance, which is conducive to achieving environmentally friendly production in traditional baijiu brewing plants.

[0066] In this application, the term "rotatable installation" refers to a configuration where two parts can only rotate relative to each other, such as a rotating arrangement of a hole and a shaft, where axial relative movement can be restricted by providing a shoulder on the shaft and a limiting groove in the hole; the term "sliding connection" refers to a configuration where two parts can only slide relative to each other, such as structures like dovetail grooves and T-slots.

[0067] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for recycling solid and liquid waste from brewing, characterized in that, include: A coarse filtration device is used to coarsely filter the brewing solid-liquid waste to obtain primary solid recycled material and coarse filtrate; A fine filtration device is used to finely filter the coarse filtrate to obtain a secondary solid recovery and a fine filtrate; A solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine, used for pressing and dehydrating the fine filtrate to obtain a three-stage solid recovery and a final filtrate; and... The filtrate treatment device is used to micro-filter the final filtrate to obtain four-stage solid recyclables and filtered water, and is used to control the filtered water to be internally recycled and reused in the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system and / or to transport the filtered water to the factory area for external recycling and reuse after pre-treatment.

2. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse filtration device includes a housing (1), a first filtration assembly, a first guide channel (3), and a solid phase recovery assembly; The first filter assembly includes a first filter screen (21), which is fixedly connected to the housing (1); The first guide channel (3) is fixedly connected to the box body (1), and the first guide channel (3) is used to receive the primary solid recycled material filtered out by the first filter screen (21); A first liquid outlet (11) is provided at the bottom of the housing (1), and the first liquid outlet (11) is connected to the fine filter device; The solid phase recovery component is used to guide the primary solid recyclable material into the first guide channel (3).

3. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solid phase recovery assembly includes a sliding rod (41), a scraper (42), and a telescopic mechanism; The sliding rod (41) is parallel to the first filter screen (21); one end of the sliding rod (41) is fixedly connected to the scraper (42), and the other end extends to the outside of the box (1); the sliding rod (41) is slidably connected to the box (1), and the direction of their relative sliding is parallel to the length direction of the sliding rod (41); One end of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected to the box (1), and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding rod (41).

4. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first filter assembly also includes a secondary filter (22) with the same pore size as the first filter (21). The secondary filter (22) is attached to the lower surface of the first filter (21) and the two are slidably connected. The direction of their relative sliding is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding rod (41). An abutment rod (221) and an elastic part (222) are fixedly provided on the secondary filter (22). The abutment rod (221) extends above the first filter (21), and the end of the elastic part (222) away from the secondary filter (22) abuts against the housing (1). During the process of the sliding rod (41) driving the scraper (42) away from the first guide groove (3), the scraper (42) can abut against the abutment rod (221) and thus push the secondary filter screen (22) to slide relative to the first filter screen (21), so that the mesh of the first filter screen (21) and the secondary filter screen (22) are aligned; during the process of the sliding rod (41) driving the scraper (42) closer to the first guide groove (3), the secondary filter screen (22) slides relative to the first filter screen (21) under the action of the elastic part (222), so that the mesh of the first filter screen (21) and the secondary filter screen (22) are misaligned.

5. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coarse filtration device also includes a water spraying assembly, which includes a nozzle (51) and is fixedly connected to the scraper (42). The nozzle (51) sprays water toward the side of the scraper (42) near the first guide groove (3), and the water sprayed by the nozzle (51) is the final filtrate.

6. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coarse filtration device also includes a water spray assembly, which includes a slide rail (52), a slider (53), a return spring (54), and a nozzle (51). The slide rail (52) is parallel to the first filter screen (21) and fixedly connected to the housing (1). The slider (53) is slidably connected to the slide rail (52). The nozzle (51) is fixedly installed on the slider (53). A limiting part (521) is provided at one end of the slide rail (52) near the first guide groove (3). The two ends of the reset spring (54) are respectively connected to the limiting part (521) and the slider (53). A plug-in portion (531) is provided on the slider (53), and a plug-in interface (421) is provided on the scraper (42). When the sliding rod (41) drives the scraper (42) away from the end of the stroke of the first guide groove (3), the plug (531) can be inserted into the plug interface (421); thereafter, as the sliding rod (41) drives the scraper (42) closer to the limiting part (521), the slider (53) and the scraper (42) move synchronously; after the slider (53) and the scraper (42) move synchronously a preset distance, the reset spring (54) causes the plug (531) to disengage from the plug interface (421) and pushes the slider (53) to reset; During the synchronous movement of the slider (53) and the scraper (42), the nozzle (51) sprays water toward the side of the scraper (42) that is close to the first guide groove (3), and the water sprayed by the nozzle (51) is the final filtrate.

7. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first filter screen (21) is inclined, and the first guide groove (3) is connected to the higher end of the first filter screen (21).

8. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, There is a first gap between the lower surface of the scraper (42) and the upper surface of the first filter screen (21), and the width of the first gap is equal to the mesh radius of the first filter screen (21).

9. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first filtration component and the solid phase recovery component are in two sets, with each set of two solid phase recovery components corresponding to one set of two first filtration components. The two sets of the first filter components are arranged in a vertical array, with the pore size of the lower first filter component being smaller than that of the upper first filter component.

10. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine filtration device includes a mounting frame (6), a filter cartridge (7), a drive motor, a second guide channel (8), and a collection tank (9). The filter cartridge (7) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (6) with the shaft horizontal. The drive motor is used to drive the filter cartridge (7) to rotate. The second guide groove (8) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (6) and inserted into the filter cartridge (7) and is inclined. The liquid collection tank (9) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (6) and located below the filter cartridge (7). The filter cartridge (7) includes a tapered tube with two large ends fastened together, and a second filter screen (71) is provided in the axial middle section of the tapered tube. A second outlet (91) is provided at the bottom of the liquid collection tank (9), and the second outlet (91) is connected to the solid-liquid separation dehydrator.

11. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fine filtration device also includes a scraper (81), which is located above the second guide groove (8) and fixedly connected to the second guide groove (8), with the upper edge of the scraper (81) attached to the second filter screen (71).

12. The brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the connecting section of the two conical tubes, multiple filter plates (72) are evenly distributed around the axis of the conical tubes. The length direction of the filter plates (72) is parallel to the axial direction of the conical tubes. A slag collection groove (73) is formed between two adjacent filter plates (72). The aperture of the filter plates (72) is equal to the aperture of the second filter screen (71).

13. A multi-gradient sorting method for brewing solid-liquid waste, based on the brewing solid-liquid waste recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, include: The solid and liquid waste from brewing is continuously injected into a coarse filtration device for coarse filtration to obtain primary solid recycled material and coarse filtrate. The coarse filtrate is fed into a fine filtration device for fine filtration to obtain secondary solid recoveries and fine filtrate; The fine filtrate is fed into a solid-liquid separation and dehydration machine for extrusion dehydration to obtain three-stage solid recoveries and final filtrate. The final filtrate is fed into a filtrate treatment device for microfiltration to obtain four-stage solid recoveries and filtered water. The filtered water is then transported through the filtrate treatment device to at least one of the coarse filter, the fine filter, and the solid-liquid separation dewatering machine for rinsing, and / or the filtered water is subjected to pre-treatment before being transported to the plant area for use as greening irrigation water, production process water, or domestic water.

14. The multi-gradient sorting method for brewing solid-liquid waste according to claim 13, characterized in that, The coarse filtration device includes primary filtration and secondary filtration. Continuously injecting the brewing solid-liquid waste into the coarse filtration device for coarse filtration includes: The brewing solid-liquid waste is subjected to primary filtration, and then the filtrate produced by primary filtration is subjected to secondary filtration. The mesh diameter of the primary filter is larger than that of the secondary filter, which in turn is larger than that of the fine filter; the mesh diameter of the fine filter is larger than that of the solid-liquid separation dewatering machine, which in turn is larger than that of the filtrate treatment device.

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