Milling separation powder recovery system for retired single-glass photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of retired photovoltaic module recovery, and relates to a milling separation powder recovery system for a retired single-glass photovoltaic module. The device is composed of a frameless assembly, a feeding air suction mechanical arm, a six-station decomposition table, a back plate stripping and milling machine, a lower layer EVA milling machine, a battery piece stripping and milling machine, an upper layer EVA milling machine, a glass plate air suction mechanical arm, a vacuum machine, an induced draft fan and a glass plate. The continuous separation operation of the frameless assembly is realized by combining the indexing turntable with the electric adjusting cylinder and the negative-pressure air suction mold operation; the process is small in occupied area and high in precision, the efficient numerical control milling machine can achieve rapid, efficient and accurate stripping of all components of the frameless assembly, and the recovery efficiency of valuable substances is improved; the vacuum and negative pressure air inducing auxiliary system effectively meets the material transfer requirement; compared with an existing physical crushing method, a pyrolysis recovery method and a chemical dissociation method, the efficiency and the recovery rate are guaranteed, and meanwhile the method is more environmentally friendly and free of pollution; the recycling system is low in enterprise requirement, short in process, rapid in industrial popularization and low in operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of retired photovoltaic module recycling technology, specifically relating to a milling separation powder recycling system for retired single-glass photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Single-glass photovoltaic (PV) modules mainly consist of glass, EVA (ethylene glycol), solar cells, EVA, backsheet, aluminum alloy frame, copper solder strip, and junction box. Currently, the recycling process for retired PV modules involves: first, using automated machinery to dismantle the aluminum frame and junction box; then, disassembling the laminate; and finally, recovering the components, separating them to obtain silicon, silver, aluminum, and other elements. The main technical challenges lie in debonding the laminate's adhesive film and recovering high-purity high-value materials.

[0003] Existing dismantling technologies include physical methods, pyrolysis, and solvent chemistry. Physical mechanical crushing, based on the different particle sizes of the backsheet, cells, and glass after crushing, can yield broken photovoltaic modules of varying sizes. This method does not use chemical solvents, reducing environmental pollution and meeting environmental protection requirements. However, the purity of the products after mechanical crushing and sorting is not high enough, making it difficult to separate smaller particles and recover most valuable materials, such as high-value metals. Pyrolysis typically uses heating equipment to soften and decompose EVA in photovoltaic modules at high temperatures, thereby separating components such as glass, solar cells, and copper solder strips. This method is particularly suitable for the recycling of double-glass photovoltaic modules, as pyrolysis can yield intact components for direct use, resulting in high material purity and recovery rates. However, the large amount of harmful gases generated during pyrolysis requires strict treatment, and the equipment investment for pyrolysis is substantial, leading to high operating costs. Solvent recovery primarily uses solvents such as chlorobenzene and dimethylformamide to dissolve EVA, separating it from other parts of the module and thus obtaining the individual components. In this process, the solvent effectively breaks down the binding force of EVA, achieving the separation of module materials. However, solvent recovery reaction times are generally long and recovery efficiency is low. The organic solvents used to dissolve EVA are highly toxic, posing significant risks to the environment and personnel. Furthermore, these chemical reagents are relatively expensive and not suitable for large-scale practical use.

[0004] A 3D milling machine is a machine tool that uses a milling cutter to machine various surfaces of a workpiece. Typically, the rotation of the milling cutter is the primary motion, while the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter constitutes the feed motion. It can machine planes, grooves, various curved surfaces, gears, etc. Currently, milling machine operating speeds are increasingly high, with rapid traverse speeds reaching 25–30 m / min, accelerations reaching 5 m / s², maximum speeds reaching 6000 r / min, positional accuracy reaching 0.008–0.01 mm, and repeatability reaching 0.004–0.005 mm. Based on this, there is an urgent need to develop a physical recycling method—high-speed mechanical milling—to separate and recycle single-glass photovoltaic modules, effectively improving the separation efficiency of single-glass photovoltaic modules, increasing material recovery rates, and reducing environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a milling separation powder recovery system for retired single-glass photovoltaic modules, so as to solve the problems of improving the separation efficiency of single-glass photovoltaic modules, increasing the material recovery rate, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling and separation powder recycling system is characterized by comprising: a frameless module 1, a feeding air suction robot 2, a 6-station disassembly table 3, a back sheet peeling milling machine 4, a lower layer EVA milling machine 5, a cell peeling milling machine 6, an upper layer EVA milling machine 7, a glass plate air suction robot 8, a vacuum machine 9, and an induced draft fan 10. The frameless component 1 is placed in relation to the loading air suction robot 2. The loading air suction robot 2, the back plate peeling milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling milling machine 6, the upper layer EVA milling machine 7, and the glass plate air suction robot 8 are respectively arranged in relation to each station of the 6-station disassembly table 3. The vacuum machine 9 is connected to the negative pressure air suction quick connectors 337 in the 6 sets of negative pressure air suction molds 33 of the 6-station decomposition table 3 through gas pipelines; the vacuum machine 9 is also connected to the air suction terminal of the feeding air suction robot 2 and the glass plate air suction robot 8 through pipelines, and the feeding air suction robot 2 can grasp the back panel of the single glass frameless component 1 under negative pressure. The 6-station disassembly table 3 also includes a rotary indexing turntable 31, 6 sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 are respectively installed on the rotary indexing turntable 31, and 6 sets of negative pressure air suction molds 33 are fixed at the ends of the 6 sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32. The backsheet peeling milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling milling machine 6, and the upper layer EVA milling machine 7 have the same structure, all consisting of a CNC milling machine 41, a milling cutter head 42, and a three-coordinate control frame 43. The material collection box 34 is set below each of the four sets of negative pressure air suction molds 33. The powder filter 341 of the material collection box 34 is connected to the blower 10 through pipelines.

[0007] Furthermore, the loading air suction robot 2 is arranged at one station of the 6-station disassembly table 3, and the back plate peeling milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling milling machine 6, the upper layer EVA milling machine 7, and the glass plate air suction robot 8 are arranged on the circumference of the other stations of the 6-station disassembly table 3.

[0008] Furthermore, the vacuum machine 9 and the induced draft fan 10 are both arranged around the 6-station disassembly table 3. The vacuum machine 9 is arranged between the loading air suction robot 2 and the glass plate air suction robot 8, and the induced draft fan 10 is arranged near the lower layer EVA milling machine 5 and the battery cell stripping milling machine 6.

[0009] Furthermore, the glass plate air suction robot 8 is capable of vacuum gripping the glass plate 11 of the frameless component 1.

[0010] Furthermore, six sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 are equally divided and installed on the rotary indexing turntable 31, which can adjust the relative position of the negative pressure air suction mold 33 and the feeding air suction robot 2.

[0011] Furthermore, the six sets of negative pressure suction molds 33 are fixed vertically or at a certain angle to the ends of the six sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 via U-shaped suspension brackets 333.

[0012] Furthermore, the negative pressure air suction mold 33 also includes a flexible buffer plate 331, an air suction support plate 332, and a U-shaped suspension bracket 333; the flexible buffer plate 331 has multiple contact air suction holes 334; the air suction support plate 332 has a hollow vacuum chamber 335 inside, and the front of the air suction support plate 332 has an air suction channel 336 corresponding to the contact air suction holes 334 that communicates with the hollow vacuum chamber 335; a negative pressure air suction quick connector 337 is installed on the back of the air suction support plate 332, and T-shaped or dovetail-shaped mounting grooves 338 are symmetrically arranged on the back to assemble with the U-shaped suspension bracket 333; the flexible buffer plate 331 is fixed on the front of the air suction support plate 332.

[0013] Furthermore, the flexible buffer plate 331 is fixed to the front of the air suction support plate 332 by means of adhesive, inlay or bolt connection.

[0014] Furthermore, the vacuum generated by the vacuum machine 9 can act on the glass plate 11 of the frameless component 1 through the negative pressure air suction quick connector 337, hollow vacuum chamber 335, air suction channel 336, and contact air suction hole 334, thereby adsorbing and fixing the frameless component 1 onto the flexible buffer plate 331 of the negative pressure air suction mold 33.

[0015] Furthermore, the CNC milling machine 41 is mounted on a three-coordinate control frame 43, and the milling head 42 is mounted on the output shaft of the CNC milling machine 41.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention achieves continuous separation of frameless components through a combination of an indexing turntable, an electric adjusting cylinder, and a negative pressure suction mold. The process requires minimal space, and the high-precision, high-efficiency CNC milling machine enables rapid, efficient, and precise separation of each component from the frameless components, improving the recovery efficiency of valuable materials. The vacuum and negative pressure induced draft system effectively addresses material transfer requirements. Compared to existing physical crushing, pyrolysis, and chemical dissociation methods, this invention is more environmentally friendly and pollution-free while maintaining efficiency and recovery rates. The recycling system has low requirements for enterprises, a short process, rapid industrial adoption, and low operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure air suction mold of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Frameless component; 2. Loading air suction robot; 3. 6-station disassembly table; 4. Backplate peeling milling machine; 5. Lower layer EVA milling machine; 6. Battery cell peeling milling machine; 7. Upper layer EVA milling machine; 8. Glass plate air suction robot; 9. Vacuum machine; 10. Exhaust fan; 11. Glass plate; 31. Rotary indexing turntable; 32. Electric adjusting cylinder; 33. Negative pressure air suction mold; 34. Material collection box; 331. Flexible buffer plate; 332. Air suction support plate; 333. U-shaped suspension bracket; 334. Contact air suction hole; 335. Hollow vacuum chamber; 336. Air suction channel; 337. Negative pressure air suction quick connector; 338. T-shaped or dovetail mounting slot; 341. Powder filter; 41. CNC milling machine; 42. Milling cutter head; 43. Three-coordinate control table. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments: The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling and separation powder recycling system of the present invention consists of a frameless module 1, a feeding air suction robot 2, a 6-station disassembly table 3, a backsheet peeling milling machine 4, a lower layer EVA milling machine 5, a cell peeling milling machine 6, an upper layer EVA milling machine 7, a glass plate air suction robot 8, a vacuum machine 9, and an induced draft fan 10.

[0023] The 6-station disassembly table 3 consists of a rotary indexing turntable 31, 6 sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32, 6 sets of negative pressure air suction molds 33, and a material collection box 34.

[0024] The negative pressure air suction mold 33 includes a flexible buffer plate 331, an air suction support plate 332, and a U-shaped suspension bracket 333. The flexible buffer plate 331 has multiple contact air suction holes 334. The air suction support plate 332 has a hollow vacuum chamber 335 inside. The front of the air suction support plate 332 has air suction channels 336 corresponding to the contact air suction holes 334, communicating with the hollow vacuum chamber 335. A negative pressure air suction quick connector 337 is installed on the back of the air suction support plate 332. Simultaneously, T-shaped or dovetail-shaped mounting grooves 338 are symmetrically arranged on the back for assembly with the U-shaped suspension bracket 333. The flexible buffer plate 331 is fixed to the front of the air suction support plate 332 by adhesive, inlay, or bolt connection.

[0025] Six sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 are equally divided and installed on the rotary indexing turntable 31. Six sets of negative pressure air suction molds 33 are fixed vertically or at a certain angle to the ends of the six sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 through U-shaped suspension brackets 333.

[0026] The backsheet peeling milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling milling machine 6, and the upper layer EVA milling machine 7 are all composed of a CNC milling machine 41, a milling cutter head 42, and a three-coordinate control table 43. The CNC milling machine 41 is mounted on the three-coordinate control table 43, and the milling cutter head 42 is mounted on the output shaft of the CNC milling machine 41.

[0027] The frameless component 1 is placed corresponding to the loading air suction robot 2. The loading air suction robot 2 is arranged at one station of the 6-station disassembly table 3. The back panel peeling milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling milling machine 6, the upper layer EVA milling machine 7, and the glass plate air suction robot 8 are arranged on the circumference of the other stations of the 6-station disassembly table 3.

[0028] Material collection boxes 34 are installed below the four sets of negative pressure suction molds 33 corresponding to the backplate peeling milling machine 4, lower layer EVA milling machine 5, battery cell peeling milling machine 6, and upper layer EVA milling machine 7. The material collection boxes 34 are equipped with powder filters 341.

[0029] The vacuum machine 9 and the induced draft fan 10 are both located near the 6-station decomposition table 3. The vacuum machine 9 is connected to the negative pressure suction quick connector 337 of the negative pressure suction mold 33 of the 6-station decomposition table 3 via gas pipelines. The vacuum machine 9 is also connected to the suction terminals of the feeding suction robot 2 and the glass plate suction robot 8 via pipelines. The powder filter 341 of the material collection box 34 is connected to the induced draft fan 10 via pipelines.

[0030] Example 1 A decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling and separation powder recycling system is characterized by comprising: a frameless module 1, a feeding air suction robot 2, a 6-station disassembly table 3, a back sheet peeling milling machine 4, a lower layer EVA milling machine 5, a cell peeling milling machine 6, an upper layer EVA milling machine 7, a glass plate air suction robot 8, a vacuum machine 9, and an induced draft fan 10. The frameless component 1 is placed corresponding to the loading pneumatic suction robot 2. The loading pneumatic suction robot 2, the backplate peeling and milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling and milling machine 6, the upper layer EVA milling machine 7, and the glass plate pneumatic suction robot 8 are respectively arranged at each station of the 6-station decomposition table 3. Among them, the loading pneumatic suction robot 2 is arranged at one station of the 6-station decomposition table 3, and the backplate peeling and milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling and milling machine 6, the upper layer EVA milling machine 7, and the glass plate pneumatic suction robot 8 are arranged on the circumference of the other stations of the 6-station decomposition table 3.

[0031] The vacuum machine 9 and the induced draft fan 10 are both arranged around the 6-station decomposition table 3. The vacuum machine 9 is positioned between the loading air suction robot 2 and the glass plate air suction robot 8, while the induced draft fan 10 is positioned near the lower-level EVA milling machine 5 and the battery cell stripping milling machine 6. The vacuum machine 9 is connected via gas pipelines to the negative pressure air suction quick connectors 337 in the six sets of negative pressure air suction molds 33 of the 6-station decomposition table 3. The vacuum machine 9 is also connected via pipelines to the air suction terminals of the loading air suction robot 2 and the glass plate air suction robot 8. The loading air suction robot 2 can grip the back panel of the single-glass frameless component 1 under negative pressure. The glass plate air suction robot 8 can vacuum grip the glass plate 11 of the frameless component 1.

[0032] The 6-station disassembly table 3 also includes a rotary indexing turntable 31, on which 6 sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 are equally spaced and installed, enabling adjustment of the relative position between the negative pressure suction mold 33 and the feeding suction robot 2. The 6 sets of negative pressure suction molds 33 are vertically fixed to the ends of the 6 sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 by U-shaped suspension brackets 333.

[0033] The negative pressure air suction mold 33 further includes a flexible buffer plate 331, an air suction support plate 332, and a U-shaped suspension bracket 333. The flexible buffer plate 331 has multiple contact air suction holes 334. The air suction support plate 332 has a hollow vacuum chamber 335 inside. Air suction channels 336 are formed on the front of the air suction support plate 332 corresponding to the contact air suction holes 334, communicating with the hollow vacuum chamber 335. A negative pressure air suction quick connector 337 is installed on the back of the air suction support plate 332, and T-shaped or dovetail-shaped mounting grooves 338 are symmetrically arranged on the back for assembly with the U-shaped suspension bracket 333. The flexible buffer plate 331 is fixed to the front of the air suction support plate 332 by adhesive, embedding, or bolt connection.

[0034] The backsheet peeling milling machine 4, lower EVA milling machine 5, battery cell peeling milling machine 6, and upper EVA milling machine 7 have the same structure, each consisting of a CNC milling machine 41, a milling cutter head 42, and a three-coordinate control frame 43. Material collection boxes 34 are installed below each of the four sets of negative pressure suction molds 33. The powder filters 341 of each material collection box 34 are connected to the induced draft fan 10 via pipelines. The CNC milling machine 41 is mounted on the three-coordinate control frame 43, and the milling cutter head 42 is mounted on the output shaft of the CNC milling machine 41.

[0035] The vacuum generated by the vacuum machine 9 can act on the glass plate 11 of the frameless component 1 through the negative pressure air suction quick connector 337, hollow vacuum chamber 335, air suction channel 336, and contact air suction hole 334, so as to adsorb and fix the frameless component 1 onto the flexible buffer plate 331 of the negative pressure air suction mold 33.

[0036] Example 2 A decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling and separation powder recycling system is characterized by comprising: a frameless module 1, a feeding air suction robot 2, a 6-station disassembly table 3, a back sheet peeling milling machine 4, a lower layer EVA milling machine 5, a cell peeling milling machine 6, an upper layer EVA milling machine 7, a glass plate air suction robot 8, a vacuum machine 9, and an induced draft fan 10. The frameless component 1 is placed corresponding to the loading pneumatic suction robot 2. The loading pneumatic suction robot 2, the backplate peeling and milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling and milling machine 6, the upper layer EVA milling machine 7, and the glass plate pneumatic suction robot 8 are respectively arranged at each station of the 6-station decomposition table 3. Among them, the loading pneumatic suction robot 2 is arranged at one station of the 6-station decomposition table 3, and the backplate peeling and milling machine 4, the lower layer EVA milling machine 5, the battery cell peeling and milling machine 6, the upper layer EVA milling machine 7, and the glass plate pneumatic suction robot 8 are arranged on the circumference of the other stations of the 6-station decomposition table 3.

[0037] The vacuum machine 9 and the induced draft fan 10 are both arranged around the 6-station decomposition table 3. The vacuum machine 9 is positioned between the loading air suction robot 2 and the glass plate air suction robot 8, while the induced draft fan 10 is positioned near the lower-level EVA milling machine 5 and the battery cell stripping milling machine 6. The vacuum machine 9 is connected via gas pipelines to the negative pressure air suction quick connectors 337 in the six sets of negative pressure air suction molds 33 of the 6-station decomposition table 3. The vacuum machine 9 is also connected via pipelines to the air suction terminals of the loading air suction robot 2 and the glass plate air suction robot 8. The loading air suction robot 2 can grip the back panel of the single-glass frameless component 1 under negative pressure. The glass plate air suction robot 8 can vacuum grip the glass plate 11 of the frameless component 1.

[0038] The 6-station disassembly table 3 also includes a rotary indexing turntable 31. Six sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 are equally spaced and mounted on the rotary indexing turntable 31, which can adjust the relative position of the negative pressure suction mold 33 and the feeding suction robot 2. The six sets of negative pressure suction molds 33 are fixed at a certain angle to the ends of the six sets of electric adjusting cylinders 32 by U-shaped suspension brackets 333. This angle is adjusted and set according to the actual application.

[0039] The negative pressure air suction mold 33 further includes a flexible buffer plate 331, an air suction support plate 332, and a U-shaped suspension bracket 333. The flexible buffer plate 331 has multiple contact air suction holes 334. The air suction support plate 332 has a hollow vacuum chamber 335 inside. Air suction channels 336 are formed on the front of the air suction support plate 332 corresponding to the contact air suction holes 334, communicating with the hollow vacuum chamber 335. A negative pressure air suction quick connector 337 is installed on the back of the air suction support plate 332, and T-shaped or dovetail-shaped mounting grooves 338 are symmetrically arranged on the back for assembly with the U-shaped suspension bracket 333. The flexible buffer plate 331 is fixed to the front of the air suction support plate 332 by adhesive, embedding, or bolt connection.

[0040] The backsheet peeling milling machine 4, lower EVA milling machine 5, battery cell peeling milling machine 6, and upper EVA milling machine 7 have the same structure, each consisting of a CNC milling machine 41, a milling cutter head 42, and a three-coordinate control frame 43. Material collection boxes 34 are installed below each of the four sets of negative pressure suction molds 33. The powder filters 341 of each material collection box 34 are connected to the induced draft fan 10 via pipelines. The CNC milling machine 41 is mounted on the three-coordinate control frame 43, and the milling cutter head 42 is mounted on the output shaft of the CNC milling machine 41.

[0041] The vacuum generated by the vacuum machine 9 can act on the glass plate 11 of the frameless component 1 through the negative pressure air suction quick connector 337, hollow vacuum chamber 335, air suction channel 336, and contact air suction hole 334, so as to adsorb and fix the frameless component 1 onto the flexible buffer plate 331 of the negative pressure air suction mold 33.

[0042] Work process: First, the frameless assembly 1, with its junction box and aluminum alloy frame removed by automated machinery, is delivered to the designated material position where the loading air suction robot 2 operates. The vacuum machine 9 is activated, and the loading air suction robot 2 starts, gripping the back panel of the single-glass frameless assembly 1 under negative pressure. Under the combined action of the vacuum negative pressure gripping and the robot, the frameless assembly 1 is delivered to the first negative pressure air suction mold 33 position on the 6-station decomposition table 3. The rotary indexing turntable 31 of the 6-station decomposition table 3 is activated, and the relative position of the negative pressure air suction mold 33 and the loading air suction robot 2 is adjusted via the electric cylinder 32. At this time, the negative pressure pipeline of the negative pressure suction mold 33 at this workstation is connected, the vacuum suction pipeline of the loading suction robot 2 is disconnected, and the vacuum generated by the vacuum machine 9 acts on the glass plate 11 of the frameless component 1 through the negative pressure suction quick connector 337, the hollow vacuum chamber 335, the suction channel 336, and the contact suction hole 334, so that the frameless component 1 is adsorbed and fixed on the flexible buffer plate 331 of the negative pressure suction mold 33.

[0043] The loading air suction robot 2 returns to grab the next frameless component 1. Simultaneously, the electric cylinder 32 of the 6-station disassembly table 3 retracts a certain distance. At the same time, the rotary indexing table 31 rotates once according to equal indexing, and the electric cylinder 32 extends a specified distance to move the frameless component 1 grabbed by the negative pressure air suction mold 33 at the first station to the second station corresponding to the backplate peeling milling machine 4. The three-coordinate control frame 43 of the backplate peeling milling machine 4 adjusts the positioning position of the CNC milling machine 41 to achieve basic positioning of the milling head 42. Then, the CNC milling machine 41 starts, and the high-speed rotating milling head 42 completes the milling operation on the backplate of the frameless component 1 under the precise control of the three-coordinate control frame 43 and the CNC milling machine 41. The backplate powder material falling off during milling simultaneously falls into the material collection box 34 at the backplate location under the action of the induced draft fan 10 and the powder filter 341.

[0044] After the backplate milling operation at the second station is completed, the electric cylinder 32 of the 6-station disassembly table 3 retracts a certain distance. At the same time, the rotary indexing table 31 rotates again according to the equal indexing, transferring the frameless component 1, whose backplate milling operation was completed at the second station, to the third station. The lower layer EVA milling machine 5 starts the operation process of the backplate peeling milling machine 4 to complete the milling operation of the lower layer EVA layer. Meanwhile, the first station completes the loading of the new frameless component 1, and the second station completes the milling of the backplate layer of the new component. The 6-station disassembly table 3 rotates according to the requirements to realize the milling operation of the battery cell peeling milling machine 6 and the upper layer EVA milling machine 7 respectively to complete the milling operation of the battery cell and the upper EVA material. The corresponding milled powder material enters the respective material collection box 34 under the action of the induced draft fan 10 and the powder filter 341.

[0045] Finally, the remaining glass plate 11 at the sixth station is vacuum-grabbed by the glass plate suction robot 8, and the vacuum line of the negative pressure suction mold 33 at the sixth station is disconnected, moving the intact glass material to a designated location for reuse. The entire system continuously and cyclically performs precise separation operations throughout the entire process, from loading the frameless component 1, backplate milling, lower layer EVA milling, battery cell milling, upper layer EVA milling, to glass panel unloading, all according to the operational requirements.

[0046] This invention proposes a mechanical milling separation and recycling system for waste single-glass photovoltaic modules. By using a high-speed rotating three-dimensional CNC milling machine, relying on micron-level high-precision machining control, the system sequentially peels off the 0.3mm backsheet, 0.35mm EVA, 0.2mm solar cell, 0.35mm EVA, 3.2mm glass, and metal welding strip of a single-glass photovoltaic module, while simultaneously completing the pulverization and recycling of the materials.

[0047] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling and separating powder recovery system, characterized by: It consists of a frameless component (1), a feeding air suction robot (2), a 6-station disassembly table (3), a back panel peeling milling machine (4), a lower layer EVA milling machine (5), a battery cell peeling milling machine (6), an upper layer EVA milling machine (7), a glass plate air suction robot (8), a vacuum machine (9), and an induced draft fan (10). The frameless component (1) is placed in relation to the loading air suction robot (2). The loading air suction robot (2), the back plate peeling milling machine (4), the lower layer EVA milling machine (5), the battery cell peeling milling machine (6), the upper layer EVA milling machine (7), and the glass plate air suction robot (8) are respectively arranged in relation to each station of the workstation decomposition table (3) of the workstation (6). The vacuum machine (9) is connected to the negative pressure air suction quick connector (337) in the 6 sets of negative pressure air suction molds (33) of the 6-station decomposition table (3) through gas pipelines; the vacuum machine (9) is also connected to the air suction terminal of the loading air suction robot (2) and the glass plate air suction robot (8) through pipelines. The loading air suction robot (2) can grip the back panel of the single glass frameless component (1) under negative pressure. The 6-station disassembly table (3) also includes a rotary indexing turntable (31), 6 sets of electric adjustment cylinders (32) are respectively installed on the rotary indexing turntable (31), and 6 sets of negative pressure air suction molds (33) are fixed at the ends of the 6 sets of electric adjustment cylinders (32); The backplate peeling milling machine (4), the lower layer EVA milling machine (5), the battery cell peeling milling machine (6), and the upper layer EVA milling machine (7) have the same structure. They are all composed of a CNC milling machine (41), a milling cutter head (42), and a three-coordinate control frame (43). The material collection box (34) is set below each of the four sets of negative pressure air suction molds (33). The powder filter (341) of the material collection box (34) is connected to the blower (10) through a pipeline.

2. A system for recycling of milled off-spec single glass photovoltaic module waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading air suction robot (2) is arranged at one station of the 6-station disassembly table (3). The back plate peeling milling machine (4), the lower layer EVA milling machine (5), the battery cell peeling milling machine (6), the upper layer EVA milling machine (7), and the glass plate air suction robot (8) are arranged on the circumference of the other stations of the 6-station disassembly table (3).

3. The decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum machine (9) and the blower (10) are both arranged around the 6-station disassembly table (3). The vacuum machine (9) is arranged between the loading air suction robot (2) and the glass plate air suction robot (8), and the blower (10) is arranged near the lower layer EVA milling machine (5) and the battery cell stripping milling machine (6).

4. The decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass plate air suction robot (8) is capable of vacuum gripping the glass plate (11) of the frameless component (1).

5. The decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Six sets of electric adjusting cylinders (32) are equally divided and installed on the rotary indexing turntable (31), which can adjust the relative position of the negative pressure air suction mold (33) and the feeding air suction robot (2).

6. The decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The six sets of negative pressure air suction molds (33) are fixed vertically or at a certain angle to the end of the six sets of electric regulating cylinders (32) via U-shaped suspension brackets (333).

7. The decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure air suction mold (33) also includes a flexible buffer plate (331), an air suction support plate (332), and a U-shaped suspension bracket (333); the flexible buffer plate (331) has multiple contact air suction holes (334); the air suction support plate (332) has a hollow vacuum chamber (335) inside, and the front of the air suction support plate (332) has an air suction channel (336) corresponding to the contact air suction holes 334 and communicating with the hollow vacuum chamber (335). A negative pressure air suction quick connector (337) is installed on the back of the air suction support plate (332), and T-shaped or dovetail-shaped mounting grooves (338) are symmetrically arranged on the back to assemble with the U-shaped suspension bracket (333); the flexible buffer plate (331) is fixed on the front of the air suction support plate (332).

8. A decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flexible buffer plate (331) is fixed to the front of the air suction support plate (332) by means of adhesive, inlay or bolt connection.

9. A decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vacuum generated by the vacuum machine (9) can act on the glass plate (11) of the frameless component (1) through the negative pressure air suction quick connector (337), hollow vacuum chamber (335), air suction channel (336), and contact air suction hole (334), so as to adsorb and fix the frameless component 1 onto the flexible buffer plate (331) of the negative pressure air suction mold (33).

10. A decommissioned single-glass photovoltaic module milling separation powder recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CNC milling machine (41) is mounted on a three-coordinate control frame (43), and the milling head (42) is mounted on the output shaft of the CNC milling machine (41).

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