Carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning integrated treatment device and method
By combining drum vibration, steam injection, hydrothermal cleaning, and vacuum drying, the problem of removing resin residues in thermosetting carbon fiber composites was solved, achieving efficient carbon fiber recycling and surface cleaning.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 山东宽原新材料科技有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to efficiently remove resin residues from thermosetting carbon fiber composites. Furthermore, traditional treatment methods are energy-intensive and inefficient, and resin pyrolysis products tend to adhere to the carbon fiber surface, affecting recycling.
By combining a drum vibrating device, a steam generator and jetting device, a hydrothermal cleaning device, and a vacuum drying device, carbon fibers are dispersed, cleaned, and dried through oxidizing steam pyrolysis, ultrasonic cleaning, and vacuum drying, forming an integrated processing flow.
It achieves efficient resin degradation and carbon fiber surface cleaning, improving the recycling efficiency and quality of carbon fiber.
Smart Images
Figure CN121869810A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon fiber composite material technology, and in particular relates to an integrated treatment device and method for recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials. Background Technology
[0002] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0003] Thermosetting carbon fiber composites, due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties, have become a typical alternative material for metal structures in many fundamental fields such as aerospace, automotive transportation, and civil building reinforcement. However, as structural materials, thermosetting carbon fiber composites that no longer meet the mechanical requirements of their service environment need to be scrapped. The disposal of scrapped thermosetting carbon fiber composites has become an engineering and technical issue that cannot be ignored in the field of composite materials.
[0004] Due to the three-dimensional network polymer structure of thermosetting resin matrices, their insoluble and infusible physical properties make the degradation and recycling of waste resins a technical challenge. Traditional high-temperature pyrolysis methods are energy-intensive and inefficient; while high-temperature steam treatment of waste thermosetting carbon fiber composites results in byproducts (tar, pyrolysis gases, residual carbon, etc.) easily adhering to the surface of the recycled carbon fibers, forming hard products similar to carbon / carbon composites, thus affecting the recycling of carbon fibers. Therefore, simultaneously treating the residues on the surface of recycled carbon fibers during the pyrolysis of the resin matrix of thermosetting carbon fiber composites, while maintaining the surface cleanliness of the recycled carbon fibers to preserve their flexibility and spinnability, has become a problem that technicians urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the current state of technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated treatment device and method for carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning. During mixed steam degradation, multi-directional rotational oscillation of the drum within the furnace of the treatment equipment is used to disperse the recycled carbon fibers; subsequently, a combination of hydrothermal high-frequency cleaning and drum oscillation ensures the removal of residual products, achieving deep cleaning of the carbon fiber surface; finally, drying in a vacuum environment achieves the recycling of carbon fibers from the composite material.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In the first aspect, there is an integrated treatment device for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials, including a drum vibration device, a steam generator and jetting device, a hydrothermal cleaning device and a vacuum drying device. The drum vibration device includes a housing, in which a drum is disposed, and a plurality of through guide holes are provided on the wall of the drum. The drum is connected to a drum drive device. The steam generating and injection device includes multiple high-pressure nozzles for conveying oxidizing water vapor to the high-pressure nozzles for ejection; the multiple high-pressure nozzles are arranged on the outer periphery of the drum and face the drum; The hydrothermal cleaning device includes a hot cleaning tank, which can be raised and lowered within a set range. When the cleaning tank is at a high position, the lower part of the roller is at a set depth in the hot cleaning tank. An ultrasonic generator and a heating device are installed in the hot cleaning tank. The vacuum drying device is connected to the drum oscillation device.
[0007] Secondly, a method for integrated recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials based on the aforementioned integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning device includes the following steps: S1. Place the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material in the drum, spray oxidizing water vapor through a high-pressure nozzle, and let the oxidizing water vapor enter the inside of the drum through the guide hole; add a set amount of cleaning water to the hot cleaning tank, so that the lower part of the drum extends into the hot cleaning tank, and the lower part of the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is immersed in the cleaning water; use an ultrasonic generator to apply ultrasound to the cleaning water, and use a heating device to heat the cleaning water. S2. Drive the drum to move in a set direction through the drum drive device, so that the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material inside will tumble and vibrate inside, and the resin will undergo thermal degradation under the action of oxidizing water vapor, and the residue of the resin thermal degradation will be dispersed in the washing water. S3. Turn off the high-pressure nozzle and lower the hot cleaning tank to the set position to fully expose the lower part of the roller. After draining the cleaning water containing the residue, use a vacuum drying device to vacuum dry the carbon fiber in the roller and recover the carbon fiber fabric.
[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention integrates a drum oscillation device, a steam generator and jetting device, a hydrothermal cleaning device, and a vacuum drying device into one unit. The drum is used to stir and oscillate carbon fiber composite materials, and the hydrothermal cleaning device covers the lower part of the drum. When the active water vapor delivered by the steam generator and jetting device comes into contact with the composite material during the tumbling and oscillation, it performs pyrolysis. When the composite material falls into the hydrothermal cleaning device, the pyrolysis products are stripped off, enabling a synchronous pyrolysis cleaning process in the drum.
[0009] This invention adopts an integrated processing method, which realizes key steps such as resin degradation, fiber dispersion, surface cleaning and drying of waste thermosetting composite materials through continuous process. It has many advantages such as high generation efficiency, good recycling effect and thorough treatment of residues. Attached Figure Description
[0010] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.
[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0012] The components include: 1. Outer shell; 11. Roller; 12. Guide hole; 13. Outer shell heating device; 14. Rotation drive device; 15. Vibration drive device; 2. High-pressure nozzle; 21. High-temperature steam furnace; 22. Steam activator; 23. Oxidizing steam regulating device; 3. Hot cleaning tank; 31. Ultrasonic generator; 32. Heating device; 33. Lifting device; 4. Vacuum pump. Detailed Implementation
[0013] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
[0014] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0015] One or more embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated treatment device for recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials, including a drum vibration device, a steam generator and jetting device, a hydrothermal cleaning device and a vacuum drying device. The drum vibration device includes a housing, in which a drum is disposed, and a plurality of through guide holes are provided on the wall of the drum. The drum is connected to a drum drive device. The steam generating and injection device includes multiple high-pressure nozzles for conveying oxidizing water vapor to the high-pressure nozzles for ejection; the multiple high-pressure nozzles are arranged on the outer periphery of the drum and face the drum; The hydrothermal cleaning device includes a hot cleaning tank, which can be raised and lowered within a set range. When the cleaning tank is at a high position, the lower part of the roller is at a set depth in the hot cleaning tank. An ultrasonic generator and a heating device are installed in the hot cleaning tank. The vacuum drying device is connected to the drum oscillation device.
[0016] In the above apparatus, the drum oscillation device is used to hold the recycled carbon fiber composite material, and the drum drive device continuously tumbles it during the recycling process of the resin matrix to achieve pyrolysis of the resin matrix and cleaning of pyrolysis residues; the steam generator and injection device is used to inject oxidizing water vapor from a high-pressure nozzle into the inside of the drum to achieve thermal degradation of the resin matrix; the hydrothermal cleaning device is used to wash away the residues of the thermally degraded resin from the carbon fiber surface, and the ultrasonic generator and heating device ensure the removal of residues to achieve deep cleaning of the carbon fiber surface; the vacuum drying device is used to dry the recycled carbon fiber fabric to achieve the recycling of the carbon fiber fabric. Optionally, the outer casing includes an outer casing heating device for maintaining the temperature of the drum oscillation device, preventing the oxidizing water vapor from cooling down too quickly, and for heating during vacuum drying to promote the drying process.
[0017] Optionally, the rotation axis of the drum is horizontal, the guide hole is radially penetrating the drum wall, and the drum driving device includes a rotation driving device and an oscillation driving device, which are respectively connected to the drum via motors; the rotation driving device is used to make the drum rotate along the rotation axis at a speed of 20~50 r / min, and the oscillation driving device is used to make the drum oscillate in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis at an oscillation frequency of 10~50 times / min.
[0018] Optionally, the inner diameter of the drum is 1~3m, the length of the drum is 2~3m, and the surface of the drum is provided with an array of guide holes to discharge the gaseous and liquid phase residues after pyrolysis. The diameter of the guide holes is 0.5~2cm, and the spacing between adjacent guide holes is 5~8cm. End caps are provided at both ends of the drum along its length. The end caps can be opened, and the outer shell of the end caps is also provided with an openable outer shell cover for putting materials into the drum or taking out the recycled carbon fiber fabric from the drum.
[0019] Optionally, the steam generating and injection device includes a high-temperature steam furnace and a steam activator, which are respectively connected to an oxidizing water vapor regulating device, which is connected to the high-pressure nozzle. The high-temperature steam furnace heats deionized water at high temperature to form hot steam, and then transports the high-temperature steam under pressure. The steam activator stores a set amount of oxidizing liquid, which is heated by an auxiliary heating system, and the resulting oxidizing gas is transported and mixed with the high-temperature steam to form oxidizing water vapor. The oxidizing water vapor regulating device is used to perform secondary regulation of the basic characteristics of the oxidizing water vapor. This device is connected to a high-pressure, high-temperature mixed water vapor pipeline, collects and detects the mixed gas transported from the front end, controls its heating temperature within the range of 400-650℃ through an auxiliary heating system, controls the transport pressure within the range of 0.2-5MPa, and controls the oxidizing gas content within the range of 0.1-1.0%. The secondary-regulated oxidizing water vapor is then transported into the high-pressure injection device and further ejected through the high-pressure nozzle.
[0020] Optionally, the high-pressure jetting device is divided into multiple circumferential branches after entering the outer shell of the drum vibration device. Each circumferential branch is equipped with multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles at its end, forming a cylindrical jetting array structure around the drum. The array structure is distributed within a set range on the upper part of the drum body. The distance between the end of the high-pressure nozzle and the surface of the drum is 2~8cm. The jetting direction of the high-pressure nozzle is along the radial direction of the drum. No high-pressure nozzles are provided in the local area where the drum can extend into the hot cleaning tank, that is, within the set range at the lower part of the drum.
[0021] Optionally, the hot cleaning tank is connected to a lifting device; when the hot cleaning tank is at a high point within the lifting range, it can cover the set position below the vibrating drum, allowing the material inside the drum to be immersed in the cleaning water in the hot cleaning tank; the ultrasonic generator can apply ultrasonic oscillation in the range of 16~24kHz to the cleaning water in the hot cleaning tank; the heating device is used to heat the cleaning water to 70~95℃.
[0022] Optionally, the vacuum drying apparatus includes a vacuum pump for drying the carbon fiber fabric remaining after the thermal degradation of the resin matrix.
[0023] One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a method for integrated recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials based on the above-mentioned integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning device, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material in the above-mentioned container, spray oxidizing water vapor through a high-pressure nozzle, and allow the oxidizing water vapor to enter the inside of the drum through the guide hole; add a set amount of cleaning water to the hot cleaning tank, so that the lower part of the drum extends into the hot cleaning tank, and the lower part of the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is immersed in the cleaning water; apply ultrasound to the cleaning water using an ultrasonic generator, and heat the cleaning water using a heating device. S2. Drive the drum to move in a set direction through the drum drive device, so that the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material inside will tumble and vibrate inside, and the resin will be degraded under the action of oxidizing water vapor, and the residue of resin degradation will be dispersed in the washing water. S3. Turn off the high-pressure nozzle and lower the hot cleaning tank to the set position to fully expose the lower part of the roller. After draining the cleaning water containing the residue, use a vacuum drying device to vacuum dry the carbon fiber in the roller and recover the carbon fiber.
[0024] In the above process, the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material in the drum comes into contact with oxidizing water vapor during the tumbling and oscillation process, causing resin degradation; when immersed in the cleaning water, the thermal degradation residue falls off the carbon fiber surface and disperses in the cleaning water; during the descent of the hot cleaning tank, the cleaning water inside the drum mixes with the thermal degradation residue and flows out from the guide hole of the drum, completely separating from the carbon fiber; finally, the fiber is recovered by vacuum drying.
[0025] Optionally, in S1, the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is composed of a thermosetting resin matrix and carbon fiber fabric; after crushing, the size of the crushed material is larger than the guide hole of the roller to prevent the carbon fiber fabric obtained from the process from being lost from the guide hole.
[0026] Optionally, in S1, the oxidizing water vapor includes water vapor and an oxidant mixed in a set ratio. The oxidant includes an acidic oxidant, an alkaline oxidant, or a salt oxidant. The acidic oxidant includes one or more of hydrofluoric acid, concentrated nitric acid, and concentrated sulfuric acid. The alkaline oxidant includes one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and hydrogen peroxide. The salt oxidant includes one or more of ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate. The specific type can be flexibly designed according to the activation requirements.
[0027] Optionally, in S2, the drum rotates at a speed of 20~50 r / min under the drive of the rotation drive device; and oscillates at a frequency of 10~50 times / min under the drive of the oscillation drive device.
[0028] Optionally, in S3, during the vacuum drying process, the drying temperature is maintained at 100~150℃ by a heating device on the outer shell.
[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0030] Example 1 An integrated treatment device for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials includes a drum vibration device, a steam generator and jetting device, a hydrothermal cleaning device, and a vacuum drying device.
[0031] The drum oscillation device includes a housing 1, in which a drum 11 is disposed. The rotation axis of the drum 11 is horizontal. Multiple through-holes 12 are provided on the wall of the drum 11, and the through-holes 12 are radially through the wall of the drum 11. The drum 11 is connected to a drum drive device. The drum drive device includes a rotation drive device 14 and an oscillation drive device 15, which are respectively connected to the drum 11 via motors. The rotation drive device 14 is used to make the drum 11 rotate along the rotation axis, and the oscillation drive device 15 is used to make the drum 11 oscillate in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
[0032] The inner diameter of the drum 11 is 1m, the length of the drum is 2m, the diameter of the guide hole 12 is 0.5cm, and the spacing between adjacent guide holes 12 is 5cm. End caps are provided at both ends of the drum 11 along its length. The end caps can be opened. The outer shell 1 on the outside of the end caps is also provided with an openable outer shell cover, which is used to put materials into the drum 11 or to take out recycled carbon fiber fabrics from the drum 11.
[0033] The steam generation and injection device includes a high-temperature steam furnace 21 and a steam activator 22. The high-temperature steam furnace 21 and the steam activator 22 are respectively connected to an oxidizing water vapor regulating device 23, which is connected to a high-pressure nozzle 2. The high-temperature steam furnace 21 heats deionized water at high temperature to form hot steam and then transports the high-temperature water vapor under pressure. The steam activator 22 stores a set amount of hydrofluoric acid as an oxidizing liquid, which is heated by an auxiliary heating system of the steam activator 22, and the resulting oxidizing gas is transported and mixed with the high-temperature water vapor to form oxidizing water vapor. The oxidizing water vapor regulating device 23 is used to perform secondary regulation of the basic characteristics of the oxidizing water vapor. This device is connected to a high-pressure high-temperature mixed water vapor pipeline, collects and detects the mixed gas transported from the front end, and then transports the oxidizing water vapor, which has been secondary regulated to the set temperature and pressure, into the high-pressure injection device.
[0034] After entering the outer shell 1 of the drum oscillating device, the high-pressure spraying device is divided into multiple circumferential branches. At the end of each circumferential branch, multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles 2 are provided, forming a cylindrical spraying array structure around the drum 11. This array structure is used to spray oxidizing water vapor toward the drum 11, allowing the oxidizing water vapor to enter the interior of the drum 11 through the guide hole 12 and come into contact with the material. The array structure is distributed in the upper 3 / 4 range of the drum 11. The distance between the end of the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the surface of the drum 11 is 2 cm. The spraying direction of the high-pressure nozzle 2 is along the radial direction of the drum 11. No high-pressure nozzles 2 are provided in the lower 1 / 4 range of the drum 11 that can extend into the hot cleaning tank 3.
[0035] The hydrothermal cleaning device includes a hot cleaning tank 3, which is connected to a lifting device 33 and can be raised and lowered within a set range. When the cleaning tank 3 is at a high position, it can cover 1 / 4 of the lower part of the vibrating drum 11, so that the lower part of the drum 11 is at a set depth in the hot cleaning tank 3, and the material in the drum 11 is immersed in the cleaning water in the hot cleaning tank 3. An ultrasonic generator 31 and a heating device 32 are provided in the hot cleaning tank 3. The ultrasonic generator 31 can apply ultrasonic oscillation in the range of 16kHz to the cleaning water in the hot cleaning tank. The heating device 32 is used to heat the cleaning water to 70°C.
[0036] The vacuum drying device is connected to the outer shell and includes a vacuum pump 4; it is used to dry the carbon fiber fabric remaining after the thermal degradation of the resin matrix.
[0037] The outer casing 1 includes an outer casing heating device 13 for heating the internal space of the outer casing.
[0038] The integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment method based on the integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. The waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is crushed to a size of not less than 1 cm to prevent leakage from the guide hole 12. It is placed in the drum 11. The oxidizing water vapor regulating device 23 outputs oxidizing water vapor containing 0.2% hydrofluoric acid. The temperature is controlled at 400℃ by the auxiliary heating system and the conveying pressure is controlled at 0.5MPa. The oxidizing water vapor is sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle 2 and enters the inside of the drum through the guide hole 12. The set amount of cleaning water is added to the hot cleaning tank 3, and the position of the hot cleaning tank 3 is raised by the lifting device 33 so that the lower part of the drum 11 extends into the hot cleaning tank 3, so that the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material can be immersed in the cleaning water. The ultrasonic generator 31 applies ultrasonic oscillation in the range of 16kHz to the cleaning water, and the heating device 32 is used to heat the cleaning water to 70℃. S2. Drive the drum 11 to move in a set direction by the drum drive device. The rotation speed is 20 r / min and the oscillation frequency is 10 times / min. This causes the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material inside to tumble and oscillate inside. Under the action of oxidizing water vapor, the resin is degraded, and the residue of the resin degradation is dispersed in the washing water. S3. Turn off the high-pressure nozzle 2 and lower the hot cleaning tank 3 to the set position to fully expose the lower part of the drum 11. After the cleaning water containing the residue is completely discharged along the guide hole 12, the carbon fiber in the drum is vacuum dried using a vacuum drying device with a vacuum degree of 0.06MPa. At the same time, the drying temperature is set to 100℃ by the outer shell heating device. After the vacuum drying is completed, the carbon fiber is recycled.
[0039] Example 2 An integrated treatment device for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials differs from Example 1 in that: The inner diameter of the drum 11 is 1.5m, the length is 2.2m, the diameter of the guide hole 12 is 1cm, and the spacing between adjacent guide holes 12 is 6cm; the distance between the end of the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the surface of the drum 11 is 4cm.
[0040] The difference between the integrated treatment method for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials and Example 1 is as follows: In S1, the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is crushed to a size of not less than 2cm. The oxidizing water vapor regulating device 23 outputs oxidizing water vapor containing 0.4% nitric acid. The temperature of the oxidizing water vapor is controlled at 450℃ by the auxiliary heating system, and the delivery pressure is controlled at 1.0MPa. The ultrasonic generator 31 applies ultrasonic oscillation in the range of 18kHz to the cleaning water, and the heating device 32 is used to heat the cleaning water to 75℃.
[0041] In S2, the rotation speed is 30 r / min and the oscillation frequency is 20 times / min.
[0042] In S3, the vacuum degree is 0.07 MPa and the drying temperature is 110℃.
[0043] Example 3 An integrated treatment device for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials differs from Example 1 in that: The inner diameter of the drum 11 is 2m, the length is 2.5m, the diameter of the guide hole 12 is 1.5cm, and the spacing between adjacent guide holes 12 is 7cm; the distance between the end of the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the surface of the drum 11 is 6cm.
[0044] The difference between the integrated treatment method for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials and Example 1 is as follows: In S1, the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is crushed to a size of not less than 2cm. The oxidizing water vapor regulating device 23 outputs oxidizing water vapor containing 0.6% sodium hydroxide. The temperature of the oxidizing water vapor is controlled at 500℃ by the auxiliary heating system, and the conveying pressure is controlled at 1.5MPa. The ultrasonic generator 31 applies ultrasonic oscillation in the range of 20kHz to the cleaning water, and the heating device 32 is used to heat the cleaning water to 80℃.
[0045] In S2, the rotation speed is 40 r / min and the oscillation frequency is 30 times / min.
[0046] In S3, the vacuum degree is 0.08 MPa and the drying temperature is 120℃.
[0047] Example 4 An integrated treatment device for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials differs from Example 1 in that: The inner diameter of the drum 11 is 2.5m, the length is 3m, the diameter of the guide hole 12 is 2cm, and the spacing between adjacent guide holes 12 is 8cm; the distance between the end of the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the surface of the drum 11 is 7cm.
[0048] The difference between the integrated treatment method for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials and Example 1 is as follows: In S1, the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is crushed to a size of not less than 4cm. The oxidizing water vapor regulating device 23 outputs oxidizing water vapor containing 0.8% sodium bicarbonate. The temperature of the water vapor is controlled at 550℃ by the auxiliary heating system and the delivery pressure is controlled at 2MPa. The ultrasonic generator 31 applies ultrasonic oscillation in the range of 22kHz to the cleaning water and the heating device 32 heats the cleaning water to 90℃.
[0049] In S2, the rotation speed is 50 r / min and the oscillation frequency is 40 times / min.
[0050] In S3, the vacuum degree is 0.1 MPa and the drying temperature is 130℃.
[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An integrated treatment device for recycling and cleaning carbon fiber composite materials, characterized in that, It includes a drum vibrating device, a steam generating and jetting device, a hydrothermal cleaning device, and a vacuum drying device; The drum vibration device includes a housing, in which a drum is disposed, and a plurality of through guide holes are provided on the wall of the drum. The drum is connected to a drum drive device. The steam generating and injection device includes multiple high-pressure nozzles for conveying oxidizing water vapor to the high-pressure nozzles for ejection; the multiple high-pressure nozzles are arranged on the outer periphery of the drum and face the drum; The hydrothermal cleaning device includes a hot cleaning tank, which can be raised and lowered within a set range. When the cleaning tank is at a high position, the lower part of the roller is at a set depth in the hot cleaning tank. An ultrasonic generator and a heating device are installed in the hot cleaning tank. The vacuum drying device is connected to the drum oscillation device.
2. The integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing includes an outer casing heating device; Alternatively, the roller may be provided with end caps at both ends, the end caps may be opened, and an outer shell cap may be provided on the outer shell of the end cap.
3. The integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation axis of the drum is horizontal, the guide hole is radially through the drum wall, and the drum driving device includes a rotation driving device and an oscillation driving device. The rotation driving device is used to make the drum rotate along the rotation axis, and the oscillation driving device is used to make the drum oscillate in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
4. The integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steam generating and injection device includes a high-temperature steam furnace and a steam activator, the high-temperature steam furnace and the steam activator being respectively connected to an oxidizing water vapor regulating device, and the oxidizing water vapor regulating device being connected to the high-pressure nozzle; Alternatively, the high-pressure nozzle may spray in the radial direction of the roller, and no high-pressure nozzle may be provided on the periphery of the portion of the roller that can extend into the hot cleaning tank.
5. The integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hot cleaning tank is connected to the lifting device.
6. The integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum drying device includes a vacuum pump.
7. A method for integrated recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials based on the integrated carbon fiber composite material recycling and surface cleaning treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Place the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material in the drum, spray oxidizing water vapor through a high-pressure nozzle, and let the oxidizing water vapor enter the inside of the drum through the guide hole; add a set amount of cleaning water to the hot cleaning tank, so that the lower part of the drum extends into the hot cleaning tank, and the lower part of the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is immersed in the cleaning water; use an ultrasonic generator to apply ultrasound to the cleaning water, and use a heating device to heat the cleaning water. S2. Drive the drum to move in a set direction through the drum drive device, so that the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material inside will tumble and vibrate inside, and the resin will undergo thermal degradation under the action of oxidizing water vapor, and the residue of the resin thermal degradation will be dispersed in the washing water. S3. Turn off the high-pressure nozzle and lower the hot cleaning tank to the set position to fully expose the lower part of the roller. After draining the cleaning water containing the residue, use a vacuum drying device to vacuum dry the carbon fiber in the roller and recover the carbon fiber fabric.
8. The integrated method for recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In S1, the waste thermosetting carbon fiber composite material is composed of a thermosetting resin matrix and carbon fiber fabric; after crushing, the size of the crushed material is larger than the guide hole of the roller. Alternatively, in S1, the oxidizing water vapor comprises water vapor and an oxidant mixed in a predetermined ratio. The oxidant includes an acidic oxidant, a basic oxidant, or a salt oxidant. The acidic oxidant includes one or more of hydrofluoric acid, concentrated nitric acid, and concentrated sulfuric acid. The basic oxidant includes one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and hydrogen peroxide. The salt oxidant includes one or more of ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
9. The integrated treatment method for recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In S2, the drum rotates at a speed of 20~50 r / min under the drive of the rotation drive device; and oscillates at a frequency of 10~50 times / min under the drive of the oscillation drive device.
10. The integrated treatment method for recycling and surface cleaning of carbon fiber composite materials as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In S3, during the vacuum drying process, the drying temperature is maintained at 100~150℃ through the outer shell heating device.