A sliding valve type microfluidic chip

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of micro-fluidic chip, and particularly relates to a slide valve type micro-fluidic chip; the slide valve type micro-fluidic chip comprises a first solution storage part, a first slide valve, a second solution storage part, a second slide valve and a reaction part; under the action of an external force, the first slide valve can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the first solution storage part and the top surface of the second solution storage part, the second slide valve can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the second solution storage part and the top surface of the reaction part, and then the opening or closing between the first solution storage part, the second solution storage part and the reaction part is controlled through the first slide valve and the second slide valve. The micro-fluidic chip provided by the application can make the corresponding cavities communicate by linearly pushing the valve, so that the detection equipment matched with the chip is simplified, further, the execution action of the detection equipment on the chip is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microfluidic chip technology, and in particular to a slide valve type microfluidic chip. Background Technology

[0002] The detection process for pathogenic microorganisms typically includes the following steps: lysis, washing, elution, and amplification of the collected samples. In recent years, the use of microfluidic chips for pathogenic microorganism detection has gradually become a trend, integrating biochemical detection experiments onto a single microfluidic chip. However, the existing chamber and channel designs of microfluidic chips result in numerous and cumbersome actions required by the devices that drive the directional flow of fluid within the chip. This leads to complex and costly detection equipment, limiting the application of microfluidic chips in pathogenic microorganism detection. Therefore, it is essential to design a new microfluidic chip through structural improvements to simplify the device's operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problem that existing microfluidic chips require complex testing equipment, leading to cumbersome testing processes and high costs, this invention aims to provide a microfluidic chip with an optimized structure. This chip allows for the connection of corresponding chambers simply by linearly pushing a valve, thereby simplifying the testing equipment used with the chip, further reducing the number of actions performed by the testing equipment on the chip, and lowering costs.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below.

[0005] A slide valve type microfluidic chip includes: a first solution storage device, a first slide valve, a second solution storage device, a second slide valve, and a reaction device; the first slide valve is movably disposed between the bottom surface of the first solution storage device and the top surface of the second solution storage device, and the second slide valve is movably disposed between the bottom surface of the second solution storage device and the top surface of the reaction device; the first solution storage device, the second solution storage device, and the reaction device are fixedly connected; under the action of an external force, the first slide valve can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the first solution storage device and the top surface of the second solution storage device, and the second slide valve can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the second solution storage device and the top surface of the reaction device.

[0006] In this invention, a first sealing gasket is provided between the top surfaces of the first slide valve and the second solution storage device, a second sealing gasket is provided between the top surfaces of the second slide valve and the reaction device, and a third sealing gasket is provided between the first slide valve and the first solution storage device. The first sealing gasket, the second sealing gasket, and the third sealing gasket are respectively installed in grooves provided on the top surfaces of the second solution storage device, the top surfaces of the reaction device, and the bottom surfaces of the first solution storage device.

[0007] In this invention, the top surfaces of the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket respectively form channels with open ends with the edge of the second solution storage container and the edge of the reaction container; the first slide valve is slidably disposed in the channel of the second solution storage container, and the second slide valve is slidably disposed in the channel of the reaction container, and the thickness of the first slide valve and the second slide valve is not less than the depth of the channel.

[0008] In this invention, the first solution storage device is provided with a pyrolysis liquid chamber, a washing liquid chamber, an elution liquid chamber, a reaction liquid chamber, a first channel, and a second channel; the second solution storage device is provided with a waste liquid chamber, a premixing chamber, a third channel corresponding to the second channel, and a fourth channel; the third channel penetrates through the second solution storage device, and the fourth channel is connected to the premixing chamber; the reaction device is provided with a reaction chamber.

[0009] In this invention, the waste liquid chamber, the premixing chamber, and the reaction chamber are respectively provided with a solution inlet and a vent.

[0010] In this invention, the first slide valve is provided with several flow channels and through holes to achieve selective communication with the solution in the solution chamber of the first solution storage device and the second solution storage device, as well as selective communication with the gas path; the second slide valve is provided with through holes for selectively connecting the reaction liquid inlet on the reaction device and the gas vent of the reaction chamber.

[0011] In this invention, a sealing membrane is provided on the side of the first slide valve that has a flow channel.

[0012] In this invention, the bottom surface of the first solution storage device, the top surface of the second solution storage device, and the top surface of the reaction device are provided with first protrusions corresponding to the recesses on the corresponding sealing gaskets in the grooves. The outer periphery of the channel hole on the side of the third sealing gasket that contacts the top surface of the first slide valve is provided with a second protrusion. A plurality of through holes on the first slide valve that contact the first sealing gasket extend radially to form a third protrusion.

[0013] In this invention, the third sealing gasket is provided with a flow channel hole, a station hole, and a recess corresponding to the first protrusion provided on the groove of the bottom surface of the first solution storage device; the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket are respectively provided with through holes corresponding to the through holes on the first slide valve and the through holes on the second slide valve, and recesses corresponding to the first protrusions provided on the grooves on the top surface of the second solution storage device and the top surface of the reaction device.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The microfluidic chip of this invention can smoothly transfer various solutions to the target chamber, with the upper and lower channels and through holes aligned to ensure that the solution channel and the atmospheric channel are open. This invention controls the opening and closing of the liquid flow path by setting a push-type valve on the chip. During the detection process, this invention only needs to push the valve in a straight line to connect the corresponding chamber. Compared with other valve movement methods such as valve rotation, the linear movement of the valve is more convenient to control and simplifies the external detection equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the assembled microfluidic chip.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a microfluidic chip.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the first solution storage device.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the bottom surface of the first solution storage device.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the third sealing gasket.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the bottom surface of the third sealing gasket.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the first slide valve.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the bottom surface of the first slide valve.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the second slide valve.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the bottom surface of the second slide valve.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the second solution storage device.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the bottom surface of the second solution storage device.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the reactant.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the first sealing gasket.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the second sealing gasket.

[0031] Figure 16This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first slide valve and the third flexible sealing gasket in the initial state (with pyrolysis solution and ethanol inlet).

[0032] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first slide valve and the third flexible sealing gasket in the second state (water inlet and reaction liquid).

[0033] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first slide valve and the third flexible sealing gasket in the third state (water and reaction liquid enter the reaction chamber).

[0034] In the diagram, the labels are as follows: 1-First solution storage unit, 2-First slide valve, 3-Second solution storage unit, 4-Second slide valve, 5-Reaction unit, 6-First sealing gasket, 7-Second sealing gasket, 8-Pyrolysis liquid chamber, 9-Washing liquid chamber, 10-Eluent chamber, 11-Reaction liquid chamber, 12-First channel, 13-Second channel, 14-First groove, 15-Third sealing gasket, 16-First protrusion, 17-Pyrolysis liquid outlet, 18-Washing liquid outlet, 19-Eluent outlet, 20-Reaction liquid outlet, 21-Extension, 22-Recess, 23-Station hole, 24-Flow channel hole, 25-Second protrusion. 26-Third channel, 27-Fourth channel, 28-Waste liquid inlet, 29-Waste liquid chamber vent, 30-Solution inlet, 31-Premixing chamber vent, 32-First through hole, 33-First flow channel, 34-Second flow channel, 35-Third flow channel, 36-Fourth flow channel, 37-Nucleic acid adsorption flow channel, 38-Second through hole, 39-Third through hole, 40-Fourth through hole, 41-Fifth through hole, 42-Third protrusion, 43-Station sealing part, 44-Reaction liquid inlet, 45-Reaction chamber vent, 46-Sixth through hole, 47-Seventh through hole, 48-Eighth through hole, 49-Protruding edge, 50-Premixing chamber outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] A slide valve type microfluidic chip includes: a first solution storage device 1, a first slide valve 2, a second solution storage device 3, a second slide valve 4, and a reaction device 5; the first slide valve 2 is movably disposed between the bottom surface of the first solution storage device 1 and the top surface of the second solution storage device 3, and the second slide valve 4 is movably disposed between the bottom surface of the second solution storage device 3 and the top surface of the reaction device 5; the first solution storage device 1, the second solution storage device 3, and the reaction device 5 are fixedly connected, for example, the first solution storage device 1, the second solution storage device 3, and the reaction device 5 are fastened together by bolts, so that the first slide valve 2 is fastened between the bottom surface of the first solution storage device 1 and the top surface of the second solution storage device 3, and the second slide valve 4 is fastened between the bottom surface of the second solution storage device 3 and the top surface of the reaction device 5; under the action of external force, the first slide valve 2 can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the first solution storage device 1 and the top surface of the second solution storage device 3, and the second slide valve 4 can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the second solution storage device 3 and the top surface of the reaction device 5;

[0037] To ensure the sealing between the first slide valve 2 and the second solution storage device 3, and between the second slide valve 4 and the reaction device 5, and to prevent leakage of the solution during the transfer process, a first sealing gasket 6 is provided between the top surfaces of the first slide valve 2 and the second solution storage device 3, and a second sealing gasket 7 is provided between the top surfaces of the second slide valve 4 and the reaction device 5.

[0038] The first solution storage container 1 is provided with: a lysis buffer chamber 8, a washing buffer chamber 9 (due to the strong penetrating power of the washing buffer, the bottom of the washing buffer chamber and the inner wall of the washing buffer chamber are integrally formed to form the washing buffer chamber), an elution buffer chamber 10, a reaction buffer chamber 11, a first channel 12, and a second channel 13; wherein, the washing buffer chamber 9 is pre-stored with washing buffer, the elution buffer chamber 10 is pre-stored with elution buffer, the reaction buffer chamber 11 is pre-stored with reaction buffer, and the lysis buffer chamber 8 is used to add lysis buffer (containing nucleic acid of the sample).

[0039] In order to ensure that the solution pre-stored in the first solution storage device 1 is stably preserved in each chamber, the bottom surface of the first solution storage device 1 is provided with a first groove 14, and a third sealing gasket 15 is provided in the first groove 14.

[0040] The third sealing gasket 15 is provided with flow channel holes 24 corresponding to the outlets of each chamber, the first channel 12, and the second channel 13 on the first solution storage device 1; the first channel 12 serves as the main exhaust port, and the second channel 13 serves as the sample exhaust port; in order to ensure that the third sealing gasket 15 is always positioned within the first groove 14 and does not shift, thus guaranteeing sealing, the first groove 14 is also provided with a plurality of first protrusions 16, and the third sealing gasket 15 is provided with a plurality of recesses 22 that match the plurality of first protrusions 16. During assembly, the plurality of first protrusions 16 are aligned with the recesses 22; by providing the first groove 14, the plurality of first protrusions 16, and the recesses 22 on the third sealing gasket 15 on the bottom surface of the first solution storage device 1, during assembly, it is only necessary to place the third sealing gasket 15 into the first groove 14. Within the groove 14, the assembly method is simple and does not require additional complex fixing methods. The first groove 14, several first protrusions 16, and the recesses 22 on the third sealing gasket 15 play a limiting role for the third sealing gasket 15. During the process of pushing the slide valve, the third sealing gasket 15 will not be displaced, ensuring the sealing between the first solution storage component 1 and the first slide valve 2. Similarly, when the first and second slide valves 2 and 4 are pushed by external force, in order to prevent the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7 from being displaced and to ensure sealing, the first sealing gasket 6 and the second sealing gasket 7 are limited. The top surface of the second solution storage component 3 and the top surface of the reaction component 5 are also provided with several first protrusions 16, and the second and third sealing gaskets 7 and 15 are provided with several recesses 22 that match the several first protrusions 16.

[0041] Furthermore, on the first solution storage unit 1, the eluent outlet 19 and the reaction liquid outlet 20 extend outward to form an extension 21, which passes through the corresponding work position hole 23 on the third sealing gasket 15. In addition, to ensure the leak-proof sealing of the solutions pre-stored in the eluent chamber 10 and the reaction liquid chamber 11, a second protrusion 25 is provided on the outer periphery of the channel hole on the side of the third sealing gasket 15 that contacts the top surface of the first slide valve 2. When an external force (bolt tightening force) tightens the third sealing gasket 15 between the first groove 14 and the top surface of the first slide valve 2, the external force compresses the second protrusion 25, ensuring the sealing between the third sealing gasket 15 and the first slide valve 2, and allowing various solutions to be stably and securely stored in their respective chambers. To prevent the solution in the chamber from leaking out through the second protrusion... Leakage occurs between the outlet 25 and the inner wall of the work hole 23 on the third sealing gasket 15. The end of the extension 21 is provided with a protruding edge 49. With this design, the protruding edge 49 compresses the third sealing gasket 15 in contact with it, ensuring the sealing between the third sealing gasket 15 and the first groove 14. The advantages of this design are: reducing the contact area between the solution pre-stored in the eluent chamber 10 and the reaction chamber 11 and the third sealing gasket 15; the sealing of the solution in the chamber relies on the compression generated by the second protrusion 25 on the third sealing gasket 15 under the action of external force, so that the solution can be stored stably in the chamber for a long time, avoiding the deterioration of the solution caused by the large area of ​​the solution pre-stored in the eluent chamber 10 and the reaction chamber 11 coming into contact with the third sealing element, thus affecting the accuracy of the experiment.

[0042] To further increase the friction between the bottom of the third sealing gasket 15 and the top surface of the first slide valve 2; and to ensure that the first slide valve 2 remains horizontal and not tilted when the third sealing gasket 15 and the first slide valve 2 are tightened by external force, thereby further ensuring the sealing performance between the third sealing gasket 15 and the first slide valve 2; the side of the third sealing gasket 15 that contacts the first slide valve 2 is also provided with several first protrusions 16. The thickness of the first protrusions 16 and the second protrusions 25 is the same. Therefore, during assembly, both the first protrusions 16 and the second protrusions 25 are in contact with the top surface of the first slide valve 2. Part 16 increases the contact area with the top surface of the first slide valve 2, thereby increasing the friction between them. This prevents the third sealing gasket 15 from being displaced by the slide valve when the first slide valve 2 is pushed linearly, thus ensuring the sealing performance between the third sealing gasket 15 and the first slide valve 2. Furthermore, the arrangement of multiple first protrusions 16 with the same thickness as the second protrusions 25 ensures that the first slide valve 2 remains horizontal and does not tilt when external force is applied to the third sealing gasket 15 and the first slide valve 2, further guaranteeing the sealing performance between the third sealing gasket 15 and the first slide valve 2.

[0043] The second solution storage unit 3 is provided with: a waste liquid chamber, a premixing chamber, a third channel 26 corresponding to the second channel 13, and a fourth channel 27; the top surface of the waste liquid chamber is provided with a waste liquid inlet 28 and a waste liquid chamber vent 29; the top surface of the premixing chamber is provided with a solution inlet 30 and a premixing chamber vent 31; the third channel 26 penetrates the second solution storage unit 3, and the fourth channel 27 communicates with the premixing chamber; the third channel 26 and the premixing chamber outlet 50 on the bottom surface of the second solution storage unit 3 are provided with sealing rings for sealing; the first sealing gasket 6 is provided with a first through hole 32 that communicates with the third channel 26, the waste liquid inlet 28, the waste liquid chamber vent 29, the solution inlet 30, the premixing chamber vent 31, and the fourth channel 27.

[0044] The first slide valve 2 is equipped with: a first flow channel 33 that can selectively connect to the lysis buffer outlet 17, the washing buffer outlet 18, and the elution buffer outlet 19 (one end of the first flow channel 33 is the lysis buffer inlet, and the other end is the washing buffer (ethanol) and elution buffer (water) inlet); a second flow channel 34 that can selectively connect to the reaction liquid outlet 20 (one end of the second flow channel 34 is the reaction liquid outlet 20, and the other end of the second flow channel 34 is the second through hole 38); a third flow channel 35 that can selectively connect to the first channel 12; a fourth flow channel 36 that can selectively connect to the outside atmosphere (the fourth flow channel 36 is the air inlet channel); a nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37 for adsorbing nucleic acids, and the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37 contains nucleic acid adsorbent for adsorbing nucleic acids; a second through hole 38 that can selectively connect to the waste liquid inlet 28 or the solution inlet 30; and a waste liquid chamber vent 29 or a premixed... The third through hole 39 of the cavity vent 31 can selectively connect to the fourth through hole 40 of the third channel 26 and the fifth through hole 41 of the fourth channel 27. In order to ensure the sealing between the first slide valve 2 and the first sealing gasket 6, the outlets of the second through hole 38, the third through hole 39, the fourth through hole 40, and the fifth through hole 41 on the side of the first slide valve 2 that contacts the first sealing gasket 6 extend radially to form a third protrusion 42. When the external force tightens the first solution storage component 1 and the second solution storage component 3 with the first slide valve 2 and the first sealing gasket 6, the third protrusion 42 compresses the first sealing gasket 6 to generate a compression amount, ensuring the sealing between the first slide valve 2 and the first sealing gasket 6, so that the negative pressure channel (no air leakage at the third through hole 39, the fourth through hole 40, and the fifth through hole 41) generates sufficient negative pressure to drive the liquid to flow in a specific direction, while avoiding solution leakage.

[0045] To ensure the flow channel on the first slide valve 2 is sealed and leak-proof, and to create a strong negative pressure so as to smoothly drive the solution in the first solution storage container 1 to flow directionally through the flow channel of the first slide valve 2, a sealing film is attached to the side of the first slide valve 2 with the flow channel; in order to smoothly transfer the solution and create a negative pressure channel, the following positions are not covered with sealing films: both ends of the first flow channel 33, the end of the second flow channel 34 away from the second through hole 38, the end of the third flow channel 35 away from the third through hole 39, and the end of the fourth flow channel 36 away from the fifth through hole 41. The third through hole 39, the fourth through hole 40, and the fifth through hole 41 are not covered with sealing films.

[0046] The location and function of the sealing positions at several workstations:

[0047] In order to further ensure that a strong negative pressure is formed in the flow channel during the experimental steps, the third sealing gasket 15 is provided with multiple station sealing parts 43. In order to ensure the sealing performance, the thickness of the station sealing parts 43 is equal to that of the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 25.

[0048] In the initial state (in this state: pyrolysis solution passes through the membrane, ethanol (cleaning solution) passes through the membrane), under the action of external force (bolt tightening force), the station sealing part 43 seals the end of the second flow channel 34 away from the second through hole 38 and the end of the third flow channel 35 away from the third through hole 39.

[0049] When the first slide valve 2 is in the second state (in this state: water passes through the membrane and the reaction solution is mixed with nucleic acid), the station sealing part 43 seals one end of the first flow channel 33 (lysate inlet) and the third through hole 39;

[0050] Advantages of linear motion in a slide valve: It simplifies control steps, reduces the number of valve movements, and makes the structure of devices that work with microfluidic chips more streamlined.

[0051] To simplify the structure of the slide valve, the first flow channel 33 is connected to the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37, the second through hole 38 is connected to both the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37 and the second flow channel 34, the third through hole 39 is connected to the third flow channel 35, and the fifth through hole 41 is connected to the fourth flow channel 36.

[0052] The reaction component 5 is provided with: a reaction chamber, a reaction liquid inlet 44, and a reaction chamber vent 45; the second sealing gasket 7 is provided with a sixth through hole 46 that corresponds to and communicates with the reaction liquid inlet 44 and the reaction chamber vent 45.

[0053] The second slide valve 4 is equipped with a seventh through hole 47 that can selectively connect to the reaction liquid inlet 44 and an eighth through hole 48 that can selectively connect to the reaction chamber vent 45. Initially, the seventh through hole 47 is not connected to the reaction liquid inlet 44, and the eighth through hole 48 is not connected to the reaction chamber vent 45; both the reaction liquid inlet 44 and the reaction chamber vent 45 are closed. When sample loading is required, external force pushes the second slide valve 4, connecting the seventh through hole 47 to the reaction liquid inlet 44 and the eighth through hole 48 to the reaction chamber vent 45. To ensure the second slide valve 4 and the second seal... The sealing between the gaskets 7 is achieved by the seventh through hole 47, the eighth through hole 48, and the outlet radially extending from the side of the second slide valve 4 that contacts the second sealing gasket 7 to form a third protrusion 42. When the external force secures the second slide valve 4 and the second sealing gasket 7 between the second solution storage container 3 and the reaction container 5, the third protrusion 42 compresses the second sealing gasket 7 to generate a compression amount, ensuring the sealing between the second solution storage container 3 and the reaction container 5. This allows sufficient negative pressure to be generated on the reaction container 5 and the second solution storage container 3 to drive the liquid to flow in a specific direction, while preventing solution leakage.

[0054] A third protrusion 42 is formed radially extending from the outlet of the corresponding hole on the bottom surface of the first slide valve 2 and the second slide valve 4. Compared with setting the third protrusion 42 on the outer periphery of the corresponding hole of the first sealing gasket 6 and the second sealing gasket 7, this design avoids the third protrusion 42 on the outer periphery of the sealing gasket hole from deforming when the slide valve moves linearly, blocking the through hole, resulting in failure to draw negative pressure and the inability of the solution to flow smoothly in a directional manner. Setting the third protrusion 42 on the outer periphery of the bottom hole of the slide valve ensures the sealing between the slide valve and the corresponding connected parts when the slide valve and the sealing gasket are tightened by external force, and also ensures that the solution can flow smoothly in a directional manner after the slide valve moves linearly.

[0055] To facilitate the fixing of the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7, prevent the flexible sealing gaskets from shifting, ensure airtightness, and simplify the installation steps of the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7, grooves are provided on the top surfaces of the first solution storage unit 1 and the reaction unit 5. The first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7 are matched with these grooves. During assembly, the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7 are simply placed in the grooves on the top surfaces of the first solution storage unit 1 and the reaction unit 5, respectively. The assembly process is simple and does not require additional glue or complex structural assembly. With this design, when the first and second slide valves 2 and 4 are pushed during the experiment, the grooves limit the movement of the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7, ensuring that they remain within the grooves and do not shift during the valve pushing process. This guarantees the airtightness between the flexible sealing gaskets and the slide valves and prevents solution leakage. Furthermore, it prevents the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7 from shifting, thus blocking the various solution inlets or vents. All kinds of solutions can be smoothly transferred to the target chamber, and the upper and lower channels and through holes are aligned to ensure the unobstructed flow of the solution channel and the atmospheric channel.

[0056] To ensure airtightness, the thickness of the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7 is not less than the depth of the groove; after the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7 are placed in the groove, the top surfaces of the first and second sealing gaskets 6 and 7 form channels with open ends at both ends with the edge of the second solution storage container 3 and the edge of the reaction container 5; the first slide valve 2 is slidably disposed in the channel of the second solution storage container 3, and the second slide valve 4 is slidably disposed in the channel of the reaction container 5; to ensure airtightness, the thickness of the first slide valve 2 and the second slide valve 4 is not less than the depth of the channel;

[0057] In the initial state (nucleic acid adsorption, washing), the lysis buffer outlet 17 is connected to the first flow channel 33, the second through hole 38 on the first slide valve 2 is connected to the waste liquid inlet 28, the third through hole 39 on the first slide valve 2 is connected to the waste liquid chamber vent 29, and the first channel 12 is connected to the waste liquid chamber vent 29 through the third through hole 39 on the first slide valve 2 (the third channel 26, solution inlet 30, premixing chamber vent 31, and fourth channel 27 on the second solution storage device 3 are all in the closed state).

[0058] An external force pushes the first slide valve 2 to the second state. Optionally, a T-type hex wrench can be used as a tool to push it. At this time, the eluent outlet 19 is connected to the first flow channel 33, the second through hole 38 on the first slide valve 2 is connected to the solution inlet 30, the third through hole 39 on the slide valve is connected to the premixing chamber vent 31, and the first channel 12 is connected to the premixing chamber vent 31 through the third through hole 39 and the third flow channel 35 (the third channel 26, waste liquid inlet 28, waste liquid chamber vent 29, and fourth channel 27 on the second solution storage device 3 are all in the closed state).

[0059] External force pushes the first slide valve 2 to the third state again, and simultaneously pushes the second slide valve 2 to the target position. At this time, the fourth through hole 40 on the first slide valve 2 is connected to the third channel 26, and the fifth through hole 41 is connected to the fourth channel 27. The second channel 13 is connected to the third channel 26, the eighth through hole 48, and the reaction chamber vent 45 through the fourth through hole 40 on the first slide valve 2. The premixing chamber is connected to the outside atmosphere through the fourth channel 27, the fifth through hole 41, and the fourth flow channel 36 (the waste liquid inlet 28, the waste liquid chamber vent 29, the solution inlet 30, and the premixing chamber vent 31 on the second solution storage device 3 are all in the closed state). The two seventh through holes 47 on the second slide valve 4 are connected to the reaction liquid inlet 44 and the reaction chamber vent 45 on the reaction device 5, respectively.

[0060] The pathways under different steps include:

[0061] Article 1: In the initial state (nucleic acid adsorption), during nucleic acid adsorption, the lysis buffer chamber 8, the first flow channel 33, the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37, the second through hole 38, the waste liquid chamber (waste liquid inlet 28, waste liquid chamber vent 29) (in the initial state, the second through hole 38 is connected to the waste liquid chamber), the third through hole 39 (in the initial state, the third through hole 39 is connected to both the waste liquid chamber and the first channel 12), and the first channel 12 form a ventilation circuit;

[0062] Article 2: The chip remains in its initial state (nucleic acid cleaning). During cleaning, the cleaning liquid chamber 9, the first flow channel 33, the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37, the second through hole 38, the waste liquid chamber (waste liquid inlet 28, waste liquid chamber vent 29), the third through hole 39, and the first channel 12 form a ventilation circuit.

[0063] Article 3: Before elution, the first slide valve 2 needs to be pushed linearly to the second state (nucleic acid elution and reaction solution entry) for the first time. The elution chamber 10, the first flow channel 33, the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37, the second through hole 38, the premixing chamber (solution inlet 30, premixing chamber vent 31), the third through hole 39, the third flow channel 35, and the first channel 12 form a ventilation circuit; water and reaction solution enter the premixing chamber together to play a mixing role;

[0064] Article 4 (This step involves drawing negative pressure into the premixing chamber): Before loading the sample, the second slide valve 4 needs to be pushed linearly to the first state, and the first slide valve 2 needs to be pushed again to the third state (loading the sample). The external environment, the fourth flow channel 36, the fifth through hole 41, the premixing chamber, the seventh through hole 47, the reaction liquid inlet 44, the reaction chamber, the reaction chamber vent 45, the eighth through hole 48, the third channel 26, the fourth through hole 40, and the second channel 13 form a ventilation circuit.

[0065] Article 5: Before the heating reaction, the first and second slide valves 2 and 4 need to be reset to their initial state to prevent nucleic acid spillage and contamination.

[0066] The steps for detecting samples using the microfluidic chip provided in this solution are as follows:

[0067] Sample lysis: Add the lysed sample solution to the lysis chamber 8, and apply negative pressure at the first channel 12 (at the same time, apply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber). The sample solution flows sequentially to the first flow channel 33, the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37, the second through hole 38, the waste liquid inlet 28, and the waste liquid chamber. During this process, the nucleic acid in the sample solution is adsorbed onto the nucleic acid adsorbent in the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37. After the sample solution is completely drawn out, turn off the negative pressure device to prevent the lysis chamber 8 from communicating with the atmosphere.

[0068] Cleaning: Control the cleaning liquid chamber 9 to be open to the atmosphere, draw negative pressure at the first channel 12 (at the same time, draw negative pressure on the waste liquid chamber), and the cleaning liquid flows sequentially to the first flow channel 33, the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37, the second through hole 38, the waste liquid inlet 28, and the waste liquid chamber. During this process, the cleaning liquid cleans the impurities on the nucleic acid adsorbate, and the nucleic acid is retained on the nucleic acid adsorbate. After the cleaning liquid is drawn off, the negative pressure device is turned off, and the cleaning liquid chamber 9 is controlled to not be connected to the atmosphere.

[0069] Elution: In this step, the reaction solution and eluent are sequentially introduced into the premixing chamber for mixing. The reaction solution chamber 11 and the eluent chamber 10 are kept open to the atmosphere. A negative pressure is drawn at the first channel 12 (at the same time, a negative pressure is drawn on the premixing chamber). The eluent flows sequentially through the first flow channel 33, the nucleic acid adsorption flow channel 37, the second through hole 38, the solution inlet 30, and the premixing chamber. During this process, the eluent washes off the nucleic acid adsorbate from the nucleic acid adsorbate, and the nucleic acid and the eluent enter the premixing chamber together. The reaction solution flows sequentially through the second flow channel 34, the second through hole 38, the solution inlet 30, and the premixing chamber, where the nucleic acid and the reaction solution are mixed. After the eluent and reaction solution are completely drawn, the negative pressure device is turned off, and the eluent chamber and the reaction solution chamber are kept out of contact with the atmosphere.

[0070] Sample loading: Control the fourth flow channel 36 to connect with the outside atmosphere. At this time, the premixing chamber is connected to the outside atmosphere. A negative pressure is drawn at the second channel 13. The nucleic acid and reaction solution in the premixing chamber flow sequentially to the seventh through hole 47, the reaction solution inlet 44, and the reaction chamber. After the nucleic acid and reaction solution are drawn out, the negative pressure device is turned off, and the second slide valve 4 is pushed back to the initial position in a straight line to control the premixing chamber to not connect with the outside atmosphere.

[0071] Reaction: The first slide valve 2 is pushed back to its initial state (for easy removal of the chip after experimental setup). At this time, the seventh through hole 47 is not connected to the reaction liquid inlet 44, and the eighth through hole 48 is not connected to the reaction chamber vent 45. That is, the reaction chamber of the microfluidic chip is not connected to the outside world. The reaction chamber is heated, and the nucleic acid and reaction liquid undergo a color reaction under heating conditions. The positive or negative result of the sample is determined based on the color reaction. Since the reaction chamber is not connected to the outside world, the nucleic acid aerosol in the reaction chamber will not overflow to the outside of the microfluidic chip and contaminate the equipment and laboratory, thus avoiding false positives and ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0072] The microfluidic chip provided by this invention uses slide valves to separate multiple solution storage devices within the microfluidic chip, and connects different chambers by controlling the linear movement of the slide valves. Specifically, the first slide valve 2 and the second slide valve 4 control the opening or closing of the first solution storage device 1, the second solution storage device 3, and the reaction device 5, and place the nucleic acid adsorbent in the flow channel of the first slide valve 2. External force drives the first slide valve 2 and the second slide valve 4 to move linearly to the target position, connecting each chamber through simple mechanical action. This method is convenient to operate and easy to assemble, realizing liquid storage, nucleic acid extraction, and nucleic acid detection on a single chip. At the same time, the linear movement of the valves facilitates control and simplifies the driving process.

Claims

1. A slide valve type microfluidic chip, characterized in that, It includes a first solution storage unit, a first slide valve, a second solution storage unit, a second slide valve, and a reaction unit; the first slide valve is movably disposed between the bottom surface of the first solution storage unit and the top surface of the second solution storage unit, and the second slide valve is movably disposed between the bottom surface of the second solution storage unit and the top surface of the reaction unit; The first solution storage unit, the second solution storage unit, and the reaction unit are fixedly connected; Under the action of external force, the first slide valve can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the first solution storage unit and the top surface of the second solution storage unit, and the second slide valve can move linearly relative to the bottom surface of the second solution storage unit and the top surface of the reaction unit, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the first solution storage unit, the second solution storage unit, and the reaction unit through the first slide valve and the second slide valve; wherein: A first sealing gasket is provided between the top surfaces of the first slide valve and the second solution storage device, a second sealing gasket is provided between the second slide valve and the top surface of the reaction device, and a third sealing gasket is provided between the first slide valve and the first solution storage device. The first solution storage unit is provided with an eluent chamber and a reaction chamber; the eluent chamber is pre-stored with eluent, and the reaction chamber is pre-stored with reaction liquid; the eluent outlet and the reaction liquid outlet extend outward to form an extension, the extension passes through the corresponding station hole on the third sealing gasket, and the end of the extension is provided with a protrusion. The first slide valve is provided with several flow channels and through holes to achieve selective communication with the solutions in the solution chambers of the first solution storage device and the second solution storage device, as well as selective communication with the gas path; the second slide valve is provided with through holes for selectively connecting the reaction liquid inlet on the reaction device and the gas vent of the reaction chamber. The bottom surface of the first solution storage device, the top surface of the second solution storage device, and the top surface of the reaction device are provided with first protrusions corresponding to the recesses on the corresponding sealing gaskets in the grooves. The outer periphery of the channel hole on the side of the third sealing gasket that contacts the top surface of the first slide valve is provided with a second protrusion. The third sealing gasket is provided with a flow channel hole, a station hole, and a recess corresponding to the first protrusion on the bottom groove of the first solution storage device; the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket are respectively provided with through holes corresponding to the through holes on the first slide valve and the through holes on the second slide valve, and recesses corresponding to the first protrusions on the top surface of the second solution storage device and the top surface of the reaction device; the side of the third sealing gasket that contacts the first slide valve is also provided with a plurality of first protrusions, the first protrusions and the second protrusions having the same thickness.

2. The slide valve type microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sealing gasket, the second sealing gasket, and the third sealing gasket are respectively installed in the grooves set on the top surface of the second solution storage container, the top surface of the reaction container, and the bottom surface of the first solution storage container.

3. The slide valve type microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surfaces of the first and second sealing gaskets respectively form channels with open ends at the edges of the second solution storage container and the reaction container; the first slide valve is slidably disposed in the channel of the second solution storage container, and the second slide valve is slidably disposed in the channel of the reaction container, and the thickness of the first and second slide valves is not less than the depth of the channel.

4. The slide valve type microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first solution storage device is provided with a pyrolysis liquid chamber, a washing liquid chamber, an elution liquid chamber, a reaction liquid chamber, a first negative pressure suction channel, and a second negative pressure suction channel; The second solution storage device is provided with a waste liquid chamber, a premixing chamber, a third channel and a fourth channel corresponding to the second negative pressure channel; the third channel runs through the second solution storage device, and the fourth channel is connected to the premixing chamber; the reaction device is provided with a reaction chamber.

5. The slide valve type microfluidic chip according to claim 4, characterized in that, The waste liquid chamber, premixing chamber, and reaction chamber are respectively equipped with solution inlets and vents.

6. The slide valve type microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nucleic acid adsorbent is placed in the flow channel of the first slide valve, and a sealing membrane is provided on the side of the first slide valve with the flow channel.

7. The slide valve type microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first slide valve has several through-hole outlets that contact the first sealing gasket, which extend radially to form a third protrusion.

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