Multi-point mine ventilation measurement and control device based on fiber bragg grating

Abstract

The invention discloses a fiber bragg grating-based multi-point mine ventilation measurement and control device, and relates to the technical field of mine measurement and control, the fiber bragg grating-based multi-point mine ventilation measurement and control device comprises an air bin and a protective frame, the air bin is hollow, the protective frame is fixedly arranged at the end part of the air bin, and the protective frame is spaced and covers the outer side of the hollow area of the air bin; a non-linear air duct is formed by the air bin and the side of the protective frame, and an abutting frame is arranged in the protective frame; the driving motor is fixedly arranged in the middle of the outer end of the protective frame, and an output shaft of the driving motor penetrates through the protective frame; the grating sensing mechanism is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, and the grating sensing mechanism is further in signal connection with a fiber grating demodulator through an optical fiber. The safety of the mine is improved, and the ventilation environment of the mine can be optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine monitoring and control technology, specifically to a multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic gratings. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional mine ventilation monitoring and control systems typically include sensors such as wind speed, temperature, and humidity sensors. These sensors are fixed at key locations in the mine and monitor parameters such as wind speed, air volume, temperature, and humidity in real time to ensure that the mine's ventilation conditions meet the safety requirements of miners. Most of the sensors in the monitoring system are connected to the ground control center via wires. The manual or automatic control system adjusts the opening and closing of air ducts and the operation of fans based on real-time data to achieve mine ventilation control. This monitoring and control system is widely used in various types of underground mines, including coal mines, metal mines, and non-metal mines.

[0003] In existing mine ventilation monitoring and control systems using traditional controllers and sensors, the measurement accuracy of sensors is often affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and dust, leading to inaccurate measurement results, frequent malfunctions requiring regular replacement, and increased system maintenance costs. In addition, a common fault condition for sensors used in mines is susceptibility to electromagnetic interference. If data transmission typically relies on electrical connections, this not only increases the system's installation and maintenance costs, but also, in some complex mine environments, the reliability of wired electrical connection transmission schemes is insufficient. Therefore, improvements in monitoring and control failure rates and data transmission efficiency are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber Bragg grating, which is mainly intended to solve the following problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber Bragg gratings, comprising:

[0006] The air chamber and the protective frame are provided. The air chamber is hollow. The protective frame is fixedly installed at the end of the air chamber. The protective frame is spaced apart and covers the outside of the hollow area of ​​the air chamber. The sides of the air chamber and the protective frame form a non-linear air duct. The protective frame is provided with an abutment frame.

[0007] A drive motor is fixedly mounted at the middle of the outer end of the protective frame, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the protective frame;

[0008] A grating sensing mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the grating sensing mechanism is also connected to a fiber optic grating demodulator via an optical fiber.

[0009] A telescopic motor is fixedly installed in the air chamber at the middle of one end away from the drive motor.

[0010] A rotating seat is provided, which can move axially along the output shaft of the motor via a sliding spline and is arranged between the drive motor and the telescopic motor. An air guide assembly is also provided on the outside of the rotating seat. The air guide assembly is in contact with the abutment frame in a first state and separates from the abutment frame in a second state, for the purpose of sealing and air guiding.

[0011] In one feasible implementation, the grating sensing mechanism includes a state monitoring component and a grating signal component. The state monitoring component is arranged on the protective frame and located outside the output shaft of the drive motor. The grating signal component is adjacent to the state monitoring component and is used to sense the state of the state monitoring component and generate an optical signal for transmission.

[0012] In one feasible implementation, the status monitoring component includes: a shaft, which is a portion of the drive shaft located inside the protective frame of the drive motor output shaft; a limiting slide groove, wherein a plurality of the limiting slide grooves are circumferentially equidistantly formed on the outer wall of the shaft; and an elastic sheet, wherein the elastic sheet is movably engaged in the limiting slide groove by a plurality of limiting posts on the side wall of the end of the elastic sheet, and a bending point or bending line is provided in the middle of the elastic sheet, and a counterweight is also provided in the elastic sheet inside the bending point or bending line.

[0013] In one feasible embodiment, the grating signal assembly includes: a cover, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the protective frame, and has a strip-shaped cavity in the middle of the cover, with optical fibers connected to both ends of the cover; a grating sensor, which is mounted in the strip-shaped cavity of the cover, with one end of the grating sensor being a fixed end and a fixing member sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the grating sensor; and a drive sleeve, which is radially movable along the axis and disposed in the inner cavity of the cover, with one end of the drive sleeve contacting the middle of the outer wall of the elastic sheet, and the other end of the drive sleeve being fixedly connected to the fixing member, the drive sleeve being used to sense the centrifugal state of the counterweight column to trigger the movement of the fixing member to change the grating pitch of the grating sensor.

[0014] In one feasible embodiment, the air guide assembly includes: a blade portion and a fixing ring. The blade portion is movably connected to the bottom end of the rotating seat. In a first state, the blade portion is planar and contacts the abutment frame to achieve a seal. In a second state, the blade portion is away from the abutment frame and is in a non-sealed state, used for rotation to achieve gas flow. The fixing ring is fixedly disposed on the outside of the blade portion to achieve structural stability of the blade portion in the first and second states.

[0015] In one feasible embodiment, the blade portion includes: a fan-shaped blade and a fastening groove. The number of fan-shaped blades is multiple. The multiple fan-shaped blades form a sealed disc structure in a first state. Each fan-shaped blade has a strip-shaped fastening groove at its top edge. Each fan-shaped blade has a sealing strip on the other side opposite to the fastening groove. The sealing strip is fastened in the fastening groove in the first state to form a sealed state.

[0016] In one feasible implementation, each of the fan-shaped blades has a reinforcing rib on the outer wall facing the abutment frame, and each reinforcing rib is also connected to a plurality of auxiliary ribs pointing towards the center of the rotating seat.

[0017] In one feasible implementation, the position where the rotating seat connects to the fan-shaped blade is a regular polygon, and each side of the rotating seat has a notch, which is used to provide a flipping space for the sealing strip that is longer than the inner end of the fan-shaped blade.

[0018] In one feasible implementation, the multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic grating further includes a controller, which is arranged on the ventilation chamber or protective frame and is signal-connected to the drive motor and the telescopic motor.

[0019] In one feasible implementation, the controller is connected to another optical fiber core via a photoelectric conversion module.

[0020] This application provides a multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber Bragg gratings. By employing a grating sensing mechanism, a drive motor, and a telescopic motor, it achieves accurate monitoring and dynamic control of mine ventilation parameters. The fiber Bragg grating sensor in the grating sensing mechanism has advantages such as anti-interference and high precision. The status monitoring component can monitor the fan status in real time, and the grating signal component accurately converts the monitoring signal into an optical signal for transmission, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of the mine ventilation status. The blades can rotate under the control of the drive motor and the telescopic motor, realizing the switching between different ventilation states. The mating frame and the blades cooperate to form a good sealing effect, thereby dynamically adjusting the mine ventilation state and ensuring optimal mine ventilation conditions. This device system is stable, reliable, accurate, and efficient, which can not only improve mine safety but also optimize the mine ventilation environment, reduce energy consumption, and improve mine production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic grating provided in an embodiment of this application from a first angle.

[0022] Figure 2This paper shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of the air guiding state of the multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic grating provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This shows a second-angle structural schematic diagram of the multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber Bragg grating provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This illustration shows a cross-sectional view of the sealed state of the multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber Bragg grating provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the air guide assembly provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing ring provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0027] Figure 7 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the status monitoring component and the grating signal component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the status monitoring component provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0029] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the blade section provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Air chamber, 2. Protective frame, 3. Drive motor, 4. Controller, 5. Grating sensor mechanism, 6. Telescopic motor, 7. Abutment frame, 8. Rotating seat, 9. Air guide assembly, 10. Fiber optic cable, 11. Air duct, 12. Notch, 13. Movement path, 51. Status monitoring assembly, 52. Grating signal assembly, 91. Blade section, 92. Fixing ring, 511. Shaft, 512. Limiting groove, 513. Elastic sheet, 514. Counterweight, 515. Limiting post, 521. Cover, 522. Grating sensor, 523. Fixing component, 524. Drive sleeve, 911. Fan-shaped blade, 912. Fastening groove, 913. Sealing strip. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this specification and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this specification. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this specification and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0032] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The term "two or more" includes two or more cases.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the figure, this application provides a multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on a fiber optic grating, including: a ventilation chamber 1, a protective frame 2, a drive motor 3, a grating sensing mechanism 5, a telescopic motor 6, a contact frame 7, a rotating seat 8, an air guide assembly 9, an optical fiber 10, and an air duct 11; the ventilation chamber 1 is hollow, and a protective frame 2 is fixedly installed at the end of the ventilation chamber 1. The protective frame 2 is spaced apart and covers the outside of the hollow area of ​​the ventilation chamber 1, and a non-linear air duct 11 is formed on the sides of the ventilation chamber 1 and the protective frame 2. A contact frame 7 is provided inside the protective frame 2; the drive motor 3 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the outer end of the protective frame 2. The output shaft of the drive motor 3 passes through the protective frame 2; the grating sensing mechanism 5 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 3, and the grating sensing mechanism 5 is also connected to the grating demodulator of the fiber optic 10 via the fiber optic 10; the telescopic motor 6 is fixedly installed in the middle of the end of the air chamber 1 away from the drive motor 3; the rotating seat 8 can move along the axial direction of the motor output shaft via a sliding spline and is arranged between the drive motor 3 and the telescopic motor 6; the outside of the rotating seat 8 is also provided with an air guide assembly 9, which contacts the abutment frame 7 in the first state and separates from the abutment frame 7 in the second state, for the purpose of sealing and air guiding.

[0034] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic 10 grating provided in this application includes a grating sensing mechanism 5. The grating sensing mechanism 5 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 3 and is connected to the fiber optic 10 grating demodulator signal via fiber optic 10. It can monitor parameters such as wind speed and air volume in the mine in real time and accurately. The fiber optic 10 grating sensor 522 has advantages such as anti-electromagnetic interference, anti-environmental corrosion and long life, which reduces maintenance costs and improves measurement accuracy. The drive motor 3 and the telescopic motor 6 are used to adjust the position of the air duct 11 and the air guide component 9 to control the ventilation conditions of the mine. The drive motor 3 is responsible for driving the air guide component 9 to rotate. Then the grating sensing mechanism 5 senses the rotation state of the air guide component 9. The telescopic motor 6 is fixed at one end of the air chamber 1 and is responsible for adjusting the position of the rotating seat 8, thereby driving the air guide component 9 to generate displacement. By means of this displacement, the shape of the air guide component 9 is changed to realize the switching between sealing and air guiding states.

[0035] In addition, a non-linear air duct 11 is formed on the side of the ventilation chamber 1 and the protective frame 2, which can effectively change the direction and speed of the airflow to meet the special ventilation needs of the mine and prevent foreign objects from entering directly through the air duct 11. The protective frame 2 is also equipped with an abutment frame 7. When the air guide component 9 contacts the abutment frame 7 in the first state, the air duct 11 can be sealed. When it separates from the abutment frame 7 in the second state and rotates (actively or passively), it can guide the airflow. The multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic 10 grating in this solution can not only achieve accurate and real-time mine environment monitoring, but also effectively control the mine ventilation conditions. At the same time, due to the use of fiber optic 10 grating sensor 522 and electrical equipment such as drive motor 3 and telescopic motor 6, the stability and reliability of the system are greatly improved, the maintenance cost of the system is reduced, and the work efficiency is improved.

[0036] Please see Figure 1-9 As shown, in some examples, the grating sensing mechanism 5 further includes a state monitoring component 51 and a grating signal component 52. The state monitoring component 51 is arranged on the protective frame 2 and located outside the output shaft of the drive motor 3. The grating signal component 52 is adjacent to the state monitoring component 51 and is used to sense the state of the state monitoring component 51 to generate a light signal transmission.

[0037] The grating sensing mechanism 5 includes a status monitoring component 51 and a grating signal component 52. The status monitoring component 51 is arranged on the protective frame 2 and located outside the output shaft of the drive motor 3. It is responsible for real-time monitoring of the air guide component 9, and is responsible for detecting key parameters such as wind speed and component in the mine. Changes in these parameters will affect the ventilation of the mine, thereby affecting the safety of miners and the operational efficiency of the mine. The grating signal component 52 is adjacent to the status monitoring component 51. The main function of the grating signal component 52 is to convert the detection results of the status monitoring component 51 into optical signals, and then transmit them to the optical fiber 10 grating demodulator through the optical fiber 10. Since the propagation of optical signals is not subject to electromagnetic interference, the accuracy and stability of the signal can be guaranteed. In addition, compared with traditional electrical signals, optical signals have a faster transmission speed and can provide real-time feedback on the status in the mine, so that the control system can make timely adjustments. Therefore, the grating sensing mechanism 5 can accurately and in real-time monitor the ventilation parameters in the mine, convert them into optical signals for transmission, which not only ensures the accuracy and stability of the signal, but also improves the response speed of the system, thereby improving the safety and operational efficiency of the mine.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some examples, the status monitoring component 51 further includes: a shaft 511, a limiting groove 512, an elastic sheet 513, and a counterweight 514; the shaft 511 is a portion of the drive shaft located inside the protective frame 2 in the output shaft of the drive motor 3; multiple limiting grooves 512 are circumferentially and equidistantly opened on the outer wall of the shaft 511; the elastic sheet 513 is movably engaged in the limiting groove 512 by multiple limiting posts 515 on the end side wall of the elastic sheet 513, and a bending point or bending line is provided in the middle of the elastic sheet 513, and a counterweight 514 is also provided in the elastic sheet 513 inside the bending point or bending line.

[0039] In this example, the status monitoring component 51 mainly consists of a shaft 511, a limiting slide groove 512, an elastic plate 513, and a counterweight 514. The shaft 511 is the part of the drive shaft located inside the protective frame 2 in the output shaft of the drive motor 3, allowing the status monitoring component 51 to be directly connected to the drive motor 3, thereby monitoring the working status of the drive motor 3 in real time. The limiting slide groove 512 consists of multiple grooves circumferentially and equidistantly opened on the outer wall of the shaft 511. The grooves allow the elastic plate 513 to slide within them (when the output shaft of the drive motor 3 is rotating), thus accurately detecting the motion state of the output shaft of the drive motor 3. The elastic plate 513 is designed so that it can generate elasticity by means of centrifugal force when the output shaft of the drive motor 3 moves. The elastic sheet 513 has a bending point or bending line in the middle, which allows it to deform at a specific position in the middle when subjected to centrifugal force. The deformation is flexible, which improves the sensitivity of condition monitoring. The counterweight 514 is set inside the bending point or bending line of the elastic sheet 513. The presence of the counterweight 514 can adjust the center of gravity of the elastic sheet 513 to a certain extent, making the deformation of the elastic sheet 513 more uniform and easier to deform when subjected to force, thereby improving the accuracy of condition monitoring. Therefore, the condition monitoring component 51 can accurately and in real time monitor the dynamic state of the output shaft of the drive motor 3, thereby realizing accurate monitoring of the mine environment.

[0040] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in some examples, the grating signal assembly 52 further includes: a cover 521, a grating sensor 522, a fixing member 523, and a drive sleeve 524. The cover 521 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the protective frame 2. A strip-shaped cavity is opened in the middle of the cover 521, and optical fibers 10 are connected to both ends of the cover 521. The grating sensor 522 is mounted in the strip-shaped cavity of the cover 521. One end of the grating sensor 522 is a fixed end, and the fixing member 523 is sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the grating sensor 522. The drive sleeve 524 is arranged in the inner cavity of the cover 521 and can move radially along the shaft 511. One end of the drive sleeve 524 contacts the middle of the outer wall of the elastic sheet 513, and the other end of the drive sleeve 524 is fixedly connected to the fixing member 523. The drive sleeve 524 is used to sense the centrifugal state of the counterweight column and trigger the fixing member 523 to move to change the grating pitch of the grating sensor 522.

[0041] In this example, the grating signal component 52 is another part of the grating sensing mechanism 5, mainly composed of a housing 521, a grating sensor 522, a fixing member 523, and a driving sleeve 524. The housing 521 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the protective frame 2, and has a space for accommodating the grating sensor 522. Optical fibers 10 are connected to both ends of the housing 521, which are used to transmit the optical signal generated by the grating sensor 522. The grating sensor 522 is installed in the strip-shaped cavity of the housing 521, thus ensuring that the grating sensor 522 is not affected by external environmental interference during status monitoring, while also providing a certain deformation space for the grating sensor 522. One end of the grating sensor 522 is a fixed end, and the fixing member 523 is sleeved on the outer wall of the other end, thus ensuring the optical signal is properly positioned. To ensure the stability of the grating sensor 522 during operation, the drive sleeve 524 is radially movable along the shaft 511 and is installed in the inner cavity of the cover 521. One end of the drive sleeve 524 contacts the middle of the outer wall of the elastic sheet 513, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixing member 523. Therefore, the dynamic changes of the elastic sheet 513 can be transmitted to the grating sensor 522 through the fixing member 523 by the drive sleeve 524, thereby changing the grating pitch of the grating sensor 522. When the elastic sheet 513 deforms due to the centrifugal state of the counterweight column, the drive sleeve 524 will sense the change and trigger the fixing member 523 to move, thereby changing the grating pitch of the grating sensor 522. The grating sensor 522 converts the change in grating pitch into an optical signal, which is then transmitted through the optical fiber 10 to realize real-time monitoring of the mine environment.

[0042] Please see Figure 7 As shown, in some examples, the end of the drive sleeve 524 that contacts the elastic sheet 513 is arc-shaped. During the rotation of the elastic sheet 513, the parts of the drive sleeve 524 that cut into and leave the elastic sheet 513 are designed with rounded corners, so that the movement path 13 of the elastic sheet 513 is always adjacent to the drive sleeve 524, thus achieving a smoother rotation process of the elastic sheet 513.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in some examples, the air guide assembly 9 further includes: a blade portion 91 and a retaining ring 92. The blade portion 91 is movably connected to the bottom end of the rotating seat 8. In the first state, the blade portion 91 is planar and contacts the abutment frame 7 to achieve a seal. In the second state, the blade portion 91 is away from the abutment frame 7 and is in an unsealed state, used for rotation to achieve gas flow. The retaining ring 92 is fixedly disposed on the outside of the blade portion 91 to achieve structural stability of the blade portion 91 in the first and second states.

[0044] In this example, the air guide assembly 9 mainly consists of blades 91 and a fixing ring 92. The blades 91 are movably connected to the bottom of the rotating seat 8, allowing them to rotate around the motor output shaft under drive. The blades 91 have two states. In the first state, all blades 91 are planar and contact the abutment frame 7 to achieve a seal. In this state, the blades 91 can prevent gas flow, thereby maintaining stable airflow in the mine when needed. In the second state, the blades 91 are pushed away from the abutment frame 7 by the telescopic motor 6 and are in an unsealed state. At this time, the blades 91 can rotate and tilt, cooperating with the drive motor 3. Driven by the airflow, the airflow of the blade section 91 is achieved. Through this scheme, the airflow in the mine can be controlled as needed, thereby achieving dynamic regulation of the mine environment. The fixing ring 92 is fixedly installed on the outside of the blade section 91. The main function of the fixing ring 92 is to ensure the structural stability of the blade section 91 in the first and second states. Whether it is blocking the airflow or realizing the airflow, the fixing ring 92 can ensure the stability of the blade section 91, thereby ensuring the working efficiency of the entire air guide assembly 9. Therefore, the air guide assembly 9 achieves dynamic regulation of the mine environment and ensures the working efficiency of the air guide assembly 9.

[0045] Please see Figure 9 As shown, in some examples, the blade portion 91 further includes: a fan-shaped blade 911 and a fastening groove 912. There are multiple fan-shaped blades 911, and the multiple fan-shaped blades 911 form a sealed disc structure in the first state. Each fan-shaped blade 911 has a strip-shaped fastening groove 912 at its top edge, and a sealing strip 913 is provided on the other side of each fan-shaped blade 911 opposite to the fastening groove 912. The sealing strip 913 is fastened in the fastening groove 912 in the first state to form a sealed state.

[0046] In this example, the blade section 91 includes multiple fan-shaped blades 911 and engaging grooves 912. As a movable structure in the air guiding assembly 9, the blade section 91 achieves the switching process between the first state and the second state through rotation. Specifically, there are multiple fan-shaped blades 911. In the first state, all the fan-shaped blades 911 are combined together to form a plane, forming a sealed disc structure to achieve a sealed state. Each fan-shaped blade 911 has a strip-shaped engaging groove 912 at its top edge. The presence of the engaging groove 912 allows the fan-shaped blades 911 of the blade section 91 to be firmly connected together, thereby ensuring the integrity of the blade section 91. Each fan-shaped blade 911 has a sealing strip 913 on the other side opposite to the engaging groove 912. In the first state, the sealing strip 913 can be engaged in the engaging groove 912 to form a sealed state, so that the blade section 91 can achieve effective sealing when blocking gas flow, thereby ensuring the stability of airflow in the mine.

[0047] Furthermore, the rotation process of the blade section 91 is driven by the telescopic motor 6. When the telescopic motor 6 retracts, all the fan-shaped blades 911 will move closer to the abutment frame 7. During this movement, the inclined end of the blade will first contact the abutment frame 7 and be limited. As the telescopic motor 6 continues to retract, it forces all the fan-shaped blades 911 to rotate until the outer ends of all the fan-shaped blades 911 are attached to the abutment frame 7, thus completing the closed state. Conversely, when the telescopic motor 6 extends, all the fan-shaped blades 911 are released from the abutment frame 7 and the fan-shaped blades 911 are reset by the torque of the torsion spring (not shown in the figure) provided between each fan-shaped blade 911 and the rotating seat 8. In order to limit the rotation range and angle of the fan-shaped blades 911, a protrusion can be provided on the rotating shaft of each fan-shaped blade 911, and a cavity with a specific range of angles can be opened in the rotating seat 8.

[0048] Please see Figure 5 In some examples, further, each sector blade 911 has a reinforcing rib on the outer wall facing the abutment frame 7, and each reinforcing rib is also connected to a plurality of auxiliary ribs pointing to the center of the rotating seat 8.

[0049] In this example, it can be understood that the setting of reinforcing ribs and auxiliary ribs enables the fan-shaped blade 911 to have better stability and resistance to deformation when subjected to external forces such as air pressure, thereby ensuring the stability and sealing of the blade section 91 during operation.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in some examples, further, the position where the rotating seat 8 is connected to the fan-shaped blade 911 is a regular polygon, and a notch 12 is provided on each side of the rotating seat 8. The notch 12 is used to provide a flipping space for the sealing strip 913, which is longer than the inner end of the fan-shaped blade 911.

[0051] It should be noted that the connection between the rotating seat 8 and the fan-shaped blade 911 is a regular polygon to ensure that the fan-shaped blade 911 is evenly distributed on the rotating seat 8. The notch 12 on the side of the rotating seat 8 provides space for the fan-shaped blade 911 to flip. Specifically, when the fan-shaped blade 911 switches from the first state (planar sealed state) to the second state (unsealed state), the blade needs to flip. The flipping of the blade requires a certain amount of space, especially the part of the sealing strip 913 protruding from the inner end of the blade. After flipping, the sealing effect between the fan-shaped blade 911 and the rotating seat 8 can be achieved, further ensuring the sealing effect of this device. In the event of a sudden situation where harmful gases are generated, this device has a better safety sealing and barrier function.

[0052] Please see Figure 1As shown, in some examples, the multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic 10 gratings further includes a controller 4, which is arranged on the ventilation chamber 1 or the protective frame 2. The controller 4 is connected to the drive motor 3 and the telescopic motor 6 via signal connection. The controller 4 is connected to another fiber optic 10 core via a photoelectric conversion module.

[0053] The multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber optic grating also includes a controller 4, which is responsible for controlling the operation of the entire system. The controller 4 is arranged on the ventilation chamber 1 or the protective frame 2 to ensure the safety of the controller 4. The controller 4 can adjust the working state of the drive motor 3 and the telescopic motor 6 according to actual needs, thereby realizing precise control of the blade section 91. The controller 4 is connected to another fiber optic core through a photoelectric conversion module. This connection method allows the controller 4 to receive control commands transmitted by optical signals. By connecting with the drive motor 3 and the telescopic motor 6, the controller 4 realizes precise control and real-time monitoring of the mine ventilation status.

[0054] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A kind of multi-point mine ventilation measurement and control device based on fiber grating, it is characterized in that, include: The air chamber and the protective frame are provided. The air chamber is hollow. The protective frame is fixedly installed at the end of the air chamber. The protective frame is spaced apart and covers the outside of the hollow area of ​​the air chamber. The sides of the air chamber and the protective frame form a non-linear air duct. The protective frame is provided with an abutment frame. A drive motor is fixedly mounted at the middle of the outer end of the protective frame, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the protective frame; A grating sensing mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the grating sensing mechanism is also connected to a fiber optic grating demodulator via an optical fiber. A telescopic motor is fixedly installed in the air chamber at the middle of one end away from the drive motor. A rotating seat is provided, which can move axially along the output shaft of the motor via a sliding spline and is arranged between the drive motor and the telescopic motor. An air guide assembly is also provided on the outside of the rotating seat. The air guide assembly is in contact with the abutment frame in a first state and separates from the abutment frame in a second state, for the purpose of sealing and air guiding.

2. The fiber grating based multipoint mine ventilation measurement and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating sensing mechanism includes: A status monitoring component and a grating signal component are provided. The status monitoring component is arranged on the protective frame and located outside the output shaft of the drive motor. The grating signal component is adjacent to the status monitoring component and is used to sense the status of the status monitoring component and generate optical signal transmission.

3. The fiber grating based multipoint mine ventilation measurement and control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The status monitoring component includes: The shaft is the portion of the drive shaft located inside the protective frame in the output shaft of the drive motor; A plurality of limiting slide grooves are circumferentially and equidistantly formed on the outer wall of the shaft; An elastic sheet is movably engaged in the limiting groove by multiple limiting posts on the side wall of the end of the elastic sheet. A bending point or bending line is provided in the middle of the elastic sheet, and a counterweight is also provided in the elastic sheet inside the bending point or bending line.

4. The fiber grating based multipoint mine ventilation measurement and control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grating signal component includes: The cover is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the protective frame. A strip-shaped cavity is opened in the middle of the cover, and optical fibers are connected to both ends of the cover. A grating sensor is installed in the strip-shaped cavity of the cover. One end of the grating sensor is a fixed end, and a fixing member is sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the grating sensor. A drive sleeve is disposed in the inner cavity of the cover and is movable radially along the shaft. One end of the drive sleeve contacts the middle of the outer wall of the elastic sheet, and the other end of the drive sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixing member. The drive sleeve is used to sense the centrifugal state of the counterweight column and trigger the movement of the fixing member to change the grating pitch of the grating sensor.

5. The fiber grating based multipoint mine ventilation measurement and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide assembly includes: The blade portion and the retaining ring are provided. The blade portion is movably connected to the bottom end of the rotating seat. In the first state, the blade portion is planar and contacts the abutment frame to achieve a seal. In the second state, the blade portion is away from the abutment frame and is in a non-sealed state, used for rotation to achieve gas flow. The retaining ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the blade portion to achieve structural stability of the blade portion in the first and second states.

6. The fiber grating based multipoint mine ventilation measurement and control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blade portion includes: The fan-shaped blades and the fastening groove are provided. There are multiple fan-shaped blades. In the first state, the multiple fan-shaped blades form a sealed disc structure. Each fan-shaped blade has a strip-shaped fastening groove at its top edge. Each fan-shaped blade has a sealing strip on the other side opposite to the fastening groove. The sealing strip is fastened in the fastening groove in the first state to form a sealed state.

7. The multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber Bragg grating according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the fan-shaped blades has a reinforcing rib on the outer wall facing the abutment frame, and each reinforcing rib is also connected to a plurality of auxiliary ribs pointing towards the center of the rotating seat.

8. The multi-point mine ventilation monitoring and control device based on fiber Bragg grating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The position where the rotating seat connects to the fan-shaped blade is a regular polygon. Each side of the rotating seat has a notch, which is used to provide space for the sealing strip, which is longer than the inner end of the fan-shaped blade, to flip.

9. The fiber grating based multipoint mine ventilation measurement and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is arranged on the air chamber or protective frame and is signal-connected to the drive motor and the telescopic motor.

10. The fiber grating based multipoint mine ventilation measurement and control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller is connected to another optical fiber core via a photoelectric conversion module.

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