Automobile hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber

Abstract

According to the automobile hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber, vibration of wheels and an automobile body is transmitted to hydraulic oil in an oil cavity through a hydraulic cylinder piston and then transmitted to an external gas cylinder, a high-pressure valve, a pressure release valve, a damping valve and other shock absorption devices through the hydraulic oil for damping shock absorption, and through damping shock absorption of various shock absorption devices and optimization of a computer, the shock absorption effect of the automobile is improved. The damping effect better than that of an air spring damper can be provided. Only the hydraulic cylinder and the gas cylinder which are in butt joint with the vehicle body can be installed at any position of the vehicle frame, the oil bag serving as a quick-wear device can be installed in the steel cylinder and is well protected, the oil bag is easy to replace, only the oil bag in the whole set of equipment is a consumption device, the maintenance cost is low, the gas cylinder can be installed in a large space, and the large gas cylinder can obtain better vibration reduction performance. If a high-pressure oil pump and a valve are adopted to reduce vibration by feeding and discharging hydraulic oil, a small-size gas cylinder can be used or even is not used, so that the device is more suitable for small-space installation of the trolley.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automotive damping shock absorber, specifically an automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber that transmits the vibrations of the wheel and body to the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber via the piston of a hydraulic cylinder, and then to the external damping device for damping and vibration reduction. Background Technology

[0002] There are two main types of automotive shock absorbers: metal spring shock absorbers and air spring shock absorbers. Air spring shock absorbers offer better damping performance, but they are larger in size. Larger vehicles have ample space to accommodate larger airbags, while smaller passenger cars have limited chassis space, making it impossible to install large airbags. Smaller airbags provide poor damping performance and cannot achieve the same effect as those in large buses. Airbags mounted in the chassis are susceptible to impacts, and if the airbag in an integrated air spring shock absorber is damaged, the entire unit must be replaced, resulting in high labor and component costs. External airbag shock absorbers transmit gas from the cylinder to the external airbag via a hose. The problem with this is that gas is a compressible elastic medium, and there is a delay in the transmission of pressure from the cylinder to the external airbag. The piston may not receive effective elastic force from the external airbag during its stroke. While metal spring shock absorbers are cheaper, their damping performance is far inferior to that of air spring shock absorbers, and as air spring shock absorbers become more widespread, they will gradually be replaced by air spring shock absorbers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above problems, this invention provides an automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber. The vibrations of the wheels and vehicle body are transmitted via a hydraulic cylinder piston to hydraulic oil in the oil chamber. The hydraulic oil then transmits the vibrations to an external damping device, including an air cylinder, air bag, spring, oil pump, high-pressure valve, pressure relief valve, and damping valve, for damping and vibration reduction. The automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber is connected to the vehicle body and frame. The hydraulic cylinder responsible for transmitting the vibrations of the wheels and vehicle body outward via hydraulic oil has various structures and can have one or more oil chambers.

[0004] The first type is a single-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber. The hydraulic cylinder has a lower oil chamber, which transmits the vibration of the wheel and the body to the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber through the hydraulic cylinder plunger. The hydraulic oil then transmits the vibration to external devices, including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves, for damping and vibration reduction.

[0005] The second type is a two-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber. The hydraulic cylinder has two oil chambers: an upper oil chamber and a lower oil chamber. The downward vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the lower oil chamber via the hydraulic cylinder piston. The hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber is then transmitted to external devices, including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves, for damping and vibration reduction. The upward rebound vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the upper oil chamber via the hydraulic cylinder piston. The hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber is then transmitted to external devices, including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves, for damping and vibration reduction.

[0006] The third type is a three-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber. The hydraulic cylinder has a lower oil chamber, and the plunger has an upper oil chamber and a middle oil chamber, for a total of three oil chambers. The downward vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the upper and lower oil chambers through the hydraulic cylinder plunger, and then transmitted to external devices including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves for damping and vibration reduction. The upward rebound of the vehicle body is damped and vibration reduced through the middle oil chamber.

[0007] Automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorbers, including those with two oil chambers (upper and lower) in their hydraulic cylinders, and those with three oil chambers (lower oil chamber in the cylinder, upper oil chamber in the plunger, and middle oil chamber in the plunger), all possess a basic lower oil chamber structure. These basic lower oil chamber structures conform to the technical characteristics of single-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorbers, where the hydraulic cylinder has a lower oil chamber. The vibrations of the wheel and vehicle body are transmitted via the hydraulic cylinder plunger to the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber, and then from the hydraulic oil to external devices including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves for damping and vibration reduction.

[0008] There are various damping and vibration reduction schemes for automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorbers. One scheme can be selected, or multiple schemes can be combined. To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, this invention introduces a damping and vibration reduction method. The method involves hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder being transmitted to the oil bladder of the gas cylinder via a high-pressure oil pipe. During the transmission process through the high-pressure oil pipe, the hydraulic oil passes through various valves, providing damping. Damping and vibration reduction are achieved through the gas pressure within the gas cylinder. This is one scheme of the invention and also conforms to the technical characteristics of the single-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber described in this invention. The hydraulic cylinder has a lower oil chamber, transmitting the vibration of the wheel and vehicle body to the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber via the hydraulic cylinder plunger. The hydraulic oil then transmits the vibration to external devices including the gas cylinder, air bladder, spring, oil pump, high-pressure valve, pressure relief valve, and damping valve for damping and vibration reduction. These technical characteristics include the gas cylinder and damping valve.

[0009] Hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is transferred to the oil bladder of the gas cylinder via a high-pressure oil pipe. The gas cylinder is equipped with an inlet valve to introduce high-pressure gas from a high-pressure storage cylinder, and a pressure relief valve to reduce the gas pressure in the cylinder. By changing the gas pressure in the cylinder, the system adapts to the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements, including load, road conditions, and passability. When the vehicle load increases, the gas pressure in the cylinder can be increased; when the road surface is uneven, the gas pressure in the cylinder can be decreased; and to achieve better passability, the gas pressure in the cylinder can be increased. These are well-known technical solutions and will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0010] Hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder passes through a damping valve during its transmission via a high-pressure oil pipe. The resistance of this valve is adjusted to meet the vehicle's damping requirements, including load capacity, road conditions, and passability. Due to the limited chassis space in small-axle vehicles, the gas cylinder cannot be too large. The high-pressure valve regulates the oil chamber pressure. When the oil pressure sensor detects a low pressure, the inlet valve opens; when it detects a high pressure, the outlet valve opens. A pressure relief valve reduces the peak oil chamber pressure, thus achieving damping and vibration reduction. By changing the volume ratio of gas in the cylinder to hydraulic oil in the bladder, the system adapts to the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements, including load capacity, road conditions, and passability. A higher gas content and lower hydraulic oil content result in better vibration reduction, while a lower gas content and higher hydraulic oil content result in better passability.

[0011] The hydraulic circuit is equipped with sensors including a metering oil pump, a pressure relief oil meter, an oil pressure sensor, and a flow meter. It also includes sensors such as a vehicle height gauge and a gyroscopic sway sensor. Data from these sensors is collected and analyzed by a computer to adjust various parameters related to the gas cylinder, airbag, springs, oil pump, high-pressure valve, pressure relief valve, damping valve, and the volume ratio of gas in the gas cylinder to hydraulic oil in the airbag. These parameters are tailored to the vehicle's vibration damping requirements, taking into account load, road conditions, and handling. The metering oil pump and pressure relief oil meter obtain the hydraulic oil parameters inside the shock absorber, while the gyroscopic sway sensor, oil pressure sensor, and flow meter sense the road conditions and then adjust the various parameters of the shock absorber according to a pre-defined scheme.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are that only the hydraulic cylinder connects the wheel to the vehicle body, the gas cylinder can be installed anywhere on the frame, the oil bladder, as a vulnerable component, can be installed in a steel cylinder for good protection, the oil bladder is easy to replace, and the oil bladder is the only consumable component in the entire system, resulting in low maintenance costs. The gas cylinder can be installed in a larger space, and a larger gas cylinder can achieve better vibration damping performance. If a high-pressure oil pump and valve are used to dampen vibration by feeding and releasing hydraulic oil, a small-volume gas cylinder can be used, or even no gas cylinder can be used, which is more suitable for installation in the small space of a small car. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a two-cylinder automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder of a three-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a three-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Example 1

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder of the single-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber has a lower oil chamber 1. The vibration of the wheel and the body is transmitted to the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber 1 through the hydraulic cylinder plunger 2. The hydraulic oil is then transmitted to the oil bladder 4 in the external gas cylinder 3 through the high-pressure oil pipe 5. During the transmission of the hydraulic oil through the high-pressure oil pipe 5, the hydraulic oil passes through the damping valve 6 and the damping valve 7 to play a damping role. The high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3 is used for damping and vibration reduction. The inlet and outlet valves 10 adjust the pressure of the high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3. The dustproof sealing ring 9 plays a sealing role, and the piston ring 11 plays a sealing and guiding role. This solution is one aspect of the present invention, and it also conforms to the technical characteristics of the single-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber described in the present invention. The hydraulic cylinder has a lower oil chamber 1, which transmits the vibration of the wheel and the body to the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber 1 via the hydraulic cylinder plunger 2, and then transmits it to the external device including the gas cylinder, air bag, spring, oil pump, high pressure valve, pressure relief valve, and damping valve for damping and vibration reduction. The technical characteristics include the gas cylinder 3, damping valve 6, and damping valve 7.

[0019] Example 2

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder of the two-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber has two oil chambers: an upper oil chamber 12 and a lower oil chamber 13. The downward vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber 13 via the hydraulic cylinder piston 14. The hydraulic oil is then transmitted to the oil bladder 4 in the external gas cylinder 3 via the high-pressure oil pipe 5. During the transmission of the hydraulic oil through the high-pressure oil pipe 5, the hydraulic oil passes through the damping valves 6 and 7 to play a damping role. The high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3 is used for damping and vibration reduction. The inlet and outlet valves 10 adjust the pressure of the high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3.

[0021] The upward rebound vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the upper oil chamber 12 via the hydraulic cylinder piston 14. The hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber 12 is then transmitted to the external damping device, including the gas cylinder, for rebound damping. The principle is the same as the damping of the downward vibration of the vehicle body.

[0022] Example 3

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder of the three-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber has a lower oil chamber 15, an upper oil chamber 17 and a middle oil chamber 16 inside the plunger 18, for a total of three oil chambers. The downward vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the upper oil chamber 17 and the lower oil chamber 15 through the plunger 18, and then transmitted to the external damping shock absorber through hydraulic oil. The upward rebound of the vehicle body is damped and reduced through the middle oil chamber 16.

[0024] In the three-chamber automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber, the plunger 18 of the hydraulic cylinder is sealed inside the cylinder by a dustproof seal ring 23. The piston ring 25 isolates the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber 15 and allows the plunger 18 to move up and down within the cylinder. The internal piston 22 isolates the inner cavity of the plunger 18 into an upper oil chamber 17 and a middle oil chamber 16. The oil chambers are connected by damping holes 19 and 20. The buffer shoulder 27 and the buffer chamber 21 provide a buffering effect when the plunger 18 moves downward to the end. The buffer shoulder 24 and the buffer chamber 26 provide a buffering effect when the plunger 18 moves upward to the end. The annular oil groove 28 provides a passage for the hydraulic oil. The oil pipe interface 29 is connected to the external damping device, and the hydraulic oil enters and exits the hydraulic cylinder through the oil pipe interface 29.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the oil sac 4 of the gas cylinder 3 via the high-pressure oil pipe 5. The gas cylinder 3 is equipped with inlet and outlet valves 10, which introduce high-pressure gas from the high-pressure storage cylinder. The pressure in the gas cylinder is reduced by the pressure relief valve. By changing the pressure of the high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3, the system adapts to the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements, including load, road conditions, and passability. When the vehicle load increases, the pressure of the high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3 can be increased; when the road surface is uneven, the pressure of the high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3 can be decreased; and to achieve better passability, the pressure of the high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3 can be increased.

[0026] The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder passes through the adjustable damping valve 33 during its transmission via the high-pressure oil pipe 5. By changing the resistance of the adjustable damping valve 33, the damping requirements of the vehicle, including load, road conditions, and passability, are adapted. Due to the limited chassis space of the small axle vehicle, the volume of the gas cylinder 3 cannot be too large. The oil chamber pressure can be adjusted by the metering oil pump 35. When the oil pressure sensor 30 detects a low oil chamber pressure, the metering oil pump 35 is activated to increase the oil pressure. When the oil pressure sensor 30 detects a high oil chamber pressure, the metering oil pump 35 is activated to decrease the oil pressure. The pressure relief valve 31 reduces the peak oil chamber pressure. The metering oil pump 35 draws hydraulic oil from the pressure storage tank 32, and the hydraulic oil from the pressure relief valve 31 enters the pressure storage tank 32. Damping and vibration reduction are achieved by adjusting the oil chamber pressure through the metering oil pump 35 and the pressure relief valve 31. The metering oil pump 35 corresponds to the high-pressure valve described in this invention. By changing the volume ratio of the high-pressure gas 8 in the gas cylinder 3 to the hydraulic oil in the oil bladder 4, the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements, including load, road conditions, and passability, are adapted. When there is a relatively high pressure gas 8 in cylinder 3 and a relatively low hydraulic oil in oil bladder 4, a better vibration damping effect can be achieved. This is achieved by having the metering oil pump 35 discharge some hydraulic oil from the oil chamber into the pressure storage tank 32, and introduce high pressure gas from the high pressure gas cylinder into cylinder 3. When there is a relatively low pressure gas 8 in cylinder 3 and a relatively high hydraulic oil in oil bladder 4, better flow performance can be achieved. This is achieved by having the metering oil pump 35 pump hydraulic oil from the pressure storage tank 32, reducing the pressure gas 8 in cylinder 3. The damping valve 6 can be retained or omitted.

[0027] A meter is also installed on the pressure relief valve 31, and a flow meter 34 is installed on the oil line. Sensors such as vehicle height gauge and gyroscope sway sensor are also installed. Data from each sensor is collected by computer to adjust various parameters, including the pressure of high-pressure gas 8 in gas cylinder 3, metering oil pump 35, pressure relief valve 31, adjustable damping valve 33, and the volume ratio of high-pressure gas 8 in gas cylinder 3 to hydraulic oil in oil sac 4, to adapt to the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements, including load, road conditions, and passability.

[0028] The airbag and spring described in this invention can be configured such that the known airbag cavity is divided into an oil bladder and an air bladder, with the oil bladder connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber. The air bladder, supplied with high-pressure gas, provides damping. Alternatively, the oil bladder can press against the spring to provide damping. The pressure relief threshold of the pressure relief valve 31, the opening ratio of the adjustable damping valve 33, and the pressure and flow rate of the metering oil pump 35 are parameters of the aforementioned components.

Claims

1. A hydraulic automotive transmission damper characterized by a hydraulic cylinder It has a lower oil chamber. The vibration of the wheel and the body is transmitted to the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber through the hydraulic cylinder plunger. The hydraulic oil is then transmitted to external devices including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves for damping and vibration reduction.

2. A hydraulic automotive transmission damper characterized by a hydraulic cylinder It has an upper oil chamber and a lower oil chamber. The downward vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the lower oil chamber through the hydraulic cylinder piston, and then through the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber to the external devices including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves for damping and vibration reduction. The upward rebound vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the upper oil chamber through the hydraulic cylinder piston, and then through the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber to the external devices including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves for damping and vibration reduction.

3. A hydraulic automotive transmission damper characterized by a hydraulic cylinder There is a lower oil chamber, and the plunger has an upper oil chamber and a middle oil chamber. The downward vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to the upper and lower oil chambers through the hydraulic cylinder plunger, and then transmitted to the external devices including air cylinders, air bags, springs, oil pumps, high-pressure valves, pressure relief valves, and damping valves for damping and vibration reduction. The upward rebound of the vehicle body is damped and vibration reduced through the middle oil chamber.

4. A hydraulic automotive transmission damper according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterised in that Hydraulic oil is transmitted to the oil bladder in the gas cylinder via a high-pressure oil pipe. By changing the gas pressure inside the cylinder, it adapts to the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements, including load, road conditions, and passability.

5. A hydraulic automotive transmission damper according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that Hydraulic oil passes through a damping valve during its transmission via high-pressure oil pipes. By changing the resistance of the damping valve, the damping requirements of the vehicle, including load, road conditions, and passability, are adapted.

6. A hydraulic automotive transmission damper according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that The oil chamber pressure is regulated by a high-pressure valve, and the peak oil chamber pressure is reduced by a pressure relief valve. Damping and vibration reduction are achieved by adjusting the oil chamber pressure.

7. The automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: By changing the volume ratio of gas in the gas cylinder to hydraulic oil in the oil bladder, the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements can be adapted to various factors, including load capacity, road conditions, and passability.

8. The automotive hydraulic transmission damping shock absorber according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that... The oil circuit is equipped with sensors including a metering oil pump, a pressure relief oil meter, an oil pressure sensor, and a flow meter. It is also equipped with sensors including a vehicle height gauge and a gyroscope sway sensor. Data from each sensor is collected and analyzed by a computer, and then various parameters related to the gas cylinder, airbag, spring, oil pump, high-pressure valve, pressure relief valve, damping valve, and the volume ratio of gas in the gas cylinder to hydraulic oil in the oilbag are adjusted to meet the vehicle's vibration reduction requirements, including load, road conditions, and passability.

Images