Measuring equipment for highway engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses measuring equipment for highway engineering, belongs to the technical field of highway measurement, and aims to solve the problems that a total station is easy to slightly shift during long-term use and measurement, and internal rotating parts are easy to be invaded and accumulated by dust to cause blockage and further reduce the detection precision. A lifting assembly is fixedly arranged at the top of the tripod, an adjusting assembly is arranged on one side of the lifting assembly, a compensation assembly is arranged on one side of the adjusting assembly, two clamping assemblies are oppositely arranged in the compensation assembly, a first clamping assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the compensation assembly, and a first rotating assembly is arranged in the first clamping assembly. According to the invention, dynamic position compensation of angles, heights, X-axis positions and Y-axis positions can be automatically completed, a detection position can rapidly and accurately return to a reference coordinate, and the accuracy and stability of measurement are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway surveying technology, specifically to a surveying device used in highway engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Surveying equipment for highway engineering is mainly used in the design phase of highways. It can measure multiple parameters such as distance, angle, and elevation, providing data support for highway planning and design. Currently, surveying work usually relies on total stations. With its integrated multiple measurement functions and high precision, the total station has become the main tool in highway design surveying.

[0003] However, during long-term continuous testing, current total stations are prone to slight deviations due to insufficient structural stability and interference from the external environment. These deviations directly lead to inaccurate measurement data, thus affecting the testing accuracy. At the same time, when the total station is used outdoors, dust can easily enter and accumulate in its rotating parts over a long period of time, causing the rotating parts to jam and making the rotation uneven. This not only affects the measurement efficiency but also further reduces the testing accuracy, thereby reducing the practicality of the device.

[0004] To address the above problems, a surveying device for highway engineering is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a measuring device for highway engineering. By using this device, the problems mentioned above are solved, such as the tendency of total stations to experience slight deviations during long-term use, and the easy accumulation of dust in the internal rotating parts, which can cause jamming and reduce the accuracy of the measurements.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A surveying device for highway engineering includes a tripod. A lifting assembly is fixedly mounted on the top of the tripod. An adjustment assembly is mounted on one side of the lifting assembly. A compensation assembly is mounted on one side of the adjustment assembly. Two clamping assemblies are arranged opposite each other inside the compensation assembly. A first locking assembly is mounted on the outer wall of the compensation assembly. A first rotating assembly is mounted inside the first locking assembly. A total station is fixedly mounted on the top of the first rotating assembly. A Hall effect speed sensor is mounted inside the first rotating assembly. Fixing plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the total station. A second rotating assembly is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the compensation assembly. Two second locking assemblies are arranged opposite each other on the top of the second rotating assembly. A reset assembly is mounted on one side of the second locking assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a mounting plate fixedly connected to the top of the tripod, and three first electric push rods are evenly installed inside the mounting plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a lifting plate fixedly connected to the movable end of the first electric push rod. A first servo motor is mounted on the outer wall of the lifting plate. A first threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor. The first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the lifting plate. A threaded frame is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod. A first slide rod is fixedly connected inside the lifting plate. The threaded frame is slidably connected to the first slide rod. A second servo motor is mounted on the outer wall of the threaded frame. A second threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor. The second threaded rod is rotatably connected to the threaded frame. A threaded plate is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod. A second slide rod is fixedly connected inside the threaded frame. The threaded plate is slidably connected to the second slide rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the compensation component includes a support base fixedly connected to one side of the threaded plate, a rotating ball rotatably connected inside the support base, a connecting column fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ball, and a mounting base fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting column. Several first electromagnets are uniformly embedded in the top of the support base, several first magnet blocks are uniformly embedded in the bottom of the mounting base, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting base, and two slots are opened opposite each other on the outer wall of the mounting base.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes two second electric push rods mounted opposite each other on the outer wall of the support base. The movable end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped plate. A limit groove is opened on the inner wall of the support base, and the arc-shaped plate is slidably connected to the limit groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the first snap-fit ​​assembly includes two sliders snapped into the slot, each slider having a first spring fixedly connected to one side, and the other end of the first spring fixedly connected to a base. The sliders are slidably connected to the base, and a second electromagnet is installed on the inner wall of the base. A second magnet is provided on one side of each slider.

[0012] Furthermore, the first rotating assembly includes a connecting ring rotatably connected to the top of the base, a first motor installed inside the base, a first rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, the first rotating shaft rotatably connected to the base, a total station installed at one end of the first rotating shaft, and the bottom of the total station fixedly connected to the connecting ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the second rotating assembly includes a rotating ring rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed ring, a second motor is mounted at the bottom of the fixed ring, a second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed ring, a gear is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft, a gear ring is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring, the gear meshes with the gear ring, and a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed ring, the U-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the rotating ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the second snap-fit ​​assembly includes two support plates fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring. Two third electric push rods are installed on the top of the two support plates. A first inclined block is fixedly connected to the movable end of the third electric push rod. The first inclined block has a slot through it. The fixed plate has two positioning slots. Two second inclined blocks are slidably connected to each other inside the fixed plate. A second spring is fixedly connected to one side of the second inclined block, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes a push plate fixedly connected to one side of the second inclined block, and a movable groove is provided on one side of the fixed plate, with the push plate slidably connected to the movable groove.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the cooperation of the compensation component, lifting component and adjustment component, the angle, height, X-axis and Y-axis positions of the total station can be automatically and dynamically compensated, the detection position can be quickly returned to the reference coordinates, the slight offset caused by long-term measurement can be avoided, the measurement data can be ensured to be accurate and stable, and the accuracy and reliability of highway engineering measurement can be improved. By cooperating with the Hall speed sensor and the first and second rotating components, the operating status of the rotating parts can be monitored in real time. When the main rotating component becomes stuck or abnormal due to dust accumulation, the backup component can be automatically switched without stopping the machine for maintenance, ensuring continuous operation of the total station and effectively reducing the interruption time of outdoor measurement. By cooperating with the clamping component and the compensation component, the position is first maintained by electromagnetic force during offset compensation and then the clamping is released. After compensation is completed, the rotating ball structure is quickly locked to prevent the total station from tilting and shaking during the adjustment process, ensuring a smooth compensation adjustment process and improving the stability and safety of equipment operation. Through the cooperation between the second rotating component and the gear and gear ring structure, the total station can still be stably driven to rotate and adjust in the standby rotating mode. The U-shaped frame structure provides dust protection, reduces dust intrusion and accumulation, alleviates the problem of rotating parts jamming, and effectively extends the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the compensation component, total station, fixed plate, second rotating component, and second snap-fit ​​component of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the lifting assembly, adjusting assembly, total station, and fixing plate of the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the lifting assembly and the adjusting assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the compensation component and the clamping component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the compensation component, the clamping component, and the second rotation component of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the compensation component, total station, fixed plate, second rotating component, and second snap-fit ​​component of the present invention. Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point D.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Tripod; 2. Lifting assembly; 21. Mounting plate; 22. First electric push rod; 3. Adjustment assembly; 31. Lifting plate; 32. First servo motor; 33. First threaded rod; 34. First slide rod; 35. Threaded frame; 36. Second servo motor; 37. Second threaded rod; 38. Second slide rod; 39. Threaded plate; 4. Compensation assembly; 41. Support base; 42. Rotating ball; 43. Connecting column; 44. First electromagnet; 45. Mounting base; 46. First magnet; 47. Fixing ring; 48. Slot; 5. Clamping assembly; 51. Second electric push rod; 52. Arc plate; 53. Limiting groove; 6. First snap-fit ​​assembly; 61. Slider; 62. First spring 63. Spring; 64. Second electromagnet; 65. Second magnet block; 66. Base; 7. First rotating assembly; 71. Connecting ring; 72. First motor; 73. First rotating shaft; 8. Total station; 81. Hall effect speed sensor; 9. Fixing plate; 10. Second rotating assembly; 101. Rotating ring; 102. Second motor; 103. Second rotating shaft; 104. Gear; 105. Gear ring; 106. U-shaped frame; 20. Second snap-fit ​​assembly; 201. Support plate; 202. Third electric push rod; 203. First inclined block; 204. Slot; 205. Positioning slot; 206. Second inclined block; 207. Second spring; 30. Reset assembly; 301. Push plate; 302. Moving slot. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To address the technical problem of slight shifts occurring during long-term use of the total station 8, which reduces measurement accuracy, such as... Figures 1-11 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: A surveying device for highway engineering includes a tripod 1 for supporting and fixing various components. A lifting assembly 2 is fixedly mounted on the top of the tripod 1. An adjusting assembly 3 is mounted on one side of the lifting assembly 2, and a compensation assembly 4 is mounted on one side of the adjusting assembly 3. Two clamping assemblies 5 are arranged opposite each other inside the compensation assembly 4. A first locking assembly 6 is mounted on the outer wall of the compensation assembly 4, and a first rotating assembly 7 is mounted inside the first locking assembly 6. The two first locking assemblies 6 facilitate connection with the compensation assembly 4. A total station 8 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first rotating assembly 7. The total station 8 can measure distances, angles, and other values ​​of highways, thus facilitating highway design. The total station 8 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The total station 8 contains a controller that controls various electrical devices. The controller is also existing technology and is not shown in the figure. Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, a Hall speed sensor 81 is provided inside the first rotating component 7. The Hall speed sensor 81 can monitor the speed change of the first rotating component 7, such as a sudden drop in speed, abnormal fluctuation or signal interruption, and thus indirectly determine whether the rotating component is stuck.

[0021] During use, the total station 8 is adjusted to the coordinate position to be detected, and the controller sets this coordinate position as the reference coordinate and sets the allowable error range. During long-term use, if the total station 8 experiences a slight shift, causing the reference coordinate to exceed the allowable error range, the controller uses the compensation component 4 to maintain the position of the total station 8. Then, the clamping component 5 releases the clamp on the compensation component 4, preventing the total station 8 from tilting at the moment of release. The compensation component 4 adjusts the angle of the total station 8 for compensation. Simultaneously, the lifting component 2 adjusts the height of the compensated total station 8, and the adjusting component 3 adjusts the X-axis and Y-axis positions of the compensated total station 8 until the detection position of the total station 8 returns to the reference coordinate. At this point, the clamping component 5 re-clamps the compensation component 4, thus... The system provides convenient, efficient, and quick automatic calibration and compensation for minor offsets of the total station 8, ensuring that the detection position of the total station 8 is always within the set reference coordinate range, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy and stability of the measurement. Compared with the existing technology that requires manual readjustment, this method is faster and more accurate. The total station 8 is fixedly connected to both sides with fixing plates 9. The outer wall of the compensation component 4 is rotatably connected to a second rotating component 10. The top of the second rotating component 10 is provided with two second locking components 20 facing each other. During the initial setting, the controller sets the initial rotation position of the first rotating component 7 and the second rotating component 10 to the replacement position. At this time, the two fixing plates 9 are respectively placed directly above the two second locking components 20, which facilitates the replacement of the rotating parts in the future. A reset component 30 is provided on one side of the second locking component 20.

[0022] During the use of the total station 8, dust easily enters the first rotating assembly 7 and accumulates inside it over a long period. When the accumulation reaches a certain level, and the Hall effect speed sensor 81 detects an abnormal change in the rotational speed of the first rotating assembly 7, the controller causes the first rotating assembly 7 to rotate the total station 8 and the two fixed plates 9 to a replacement position. Simultaneously, the second rotating assembly 10 drives the second locking assembly 20 to rotate synchronously to the replacement position. At this time, the second locking assembly 20 extends and engages with the fixed plate 9. Then, the controller causes the first locking assembly 6 to disengage from the compensation assembly 4. Afterward, the controller causes the second locking assembly 20 to extend again, driving the two fixed plates 9, the total station 8, and the first rotating assembly 7 to rotate to a replacement position. The rotating component 7 rises synchronously until the first locking component 6 disengages from the compensation component 4, facilitating the replacement of the rotating parts. This allows for timely automatic replacement when abnormalities such as jamming occur due to dust accumulation in the rotating parts, maintaining the rotation requirements of the total station 8 and reducing downtime. This improves the practicality and continuous stable operation of the total station 8. Subsequently, the second rotating component 10 drives the second locking component 20, the two fixing plates 9, the total station 8, and the first rotating component 7 to rotate, facilitating the adjustment of the detection position of the total station 8. It also allows for automatic calibration and compensation of minor offsets of the total station 8 even after the second rotating component 10 replaces the first locking component 6.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the lifting assembly 2 includes a mounting plate 21 fixedly connected to the top of the tripod 1, and three first electric push rods 22 are evenly installed inside the mounting plate 21.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the adjustment assembly 3 includes a lifting plate 31 fixedly connected to the movable end of the first electric push rod 22. A first servo motor 32 is installed on the outer wall of the lifting plate 31. A first threaded rod 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor 32. The first threaded rod 33 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 31. A threaded frame 35 is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod 33. A first slide rod 34 is fixedly connected inside the lifting plate 31. The threaded frame 35 is slidably connected to the first slide rod 34. A second servo motor 36 is installed on the outer wall of the threaded frame 35. A second threaded rod 37 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor 36. The second threaded rod 37 is rotatably connected to the threaded frame 35. A threaded plate 39 is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod 37. A second slide rod 38 is fixedly connected inside the threaded frame 35. The threaded plate 39 is slidably connected to the second slide rod 38.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figures 9-11 As shown, the compensation component 4 includes a support base 41 fixedly connected to one side of the threaded plate 39. A rotating ball 42 is rotatably connected inside the support base 41. The rotating ball 42 is made of self-lubricating composite material, which can reduce rotational resistance. A connecting column 43 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ball 42, and a mounting base 45 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting column 43. Several first electromagnets 44 are evenly embedded in the top of the support base 41, and several first magnet blocks 46 are evenly embedded in the bottom of the mounting base 45. A fixing ring 47 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting base 45. Two slots 48 are opened opposite each other on the outer wall of the mounting base 45. The electromagnetic force of the first electromagnets 44 is reasonably set, and the repulsive force on the first magnet blocks 46 at the bottom of the mounting base 45 can be adjusted by changing the magnitude of the current. This can maintain the stable position of the total station 8 when the clamping component 5 is released, preventing it from tilting, and can also drive the rotating ball 42 to rotate inside the support base 41, thereby realizing angle compensation for the total station 8 and ensuring the accuracy of offset calibration.

[0026] like Figure 7 and Figures 9-10As shown, the clamping assembly 5 includes two second electric push rods 51 that are mounted opposite each other on the outer wall of the support base 41. An arc-shaped plate 52 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the second electric push rod 51. A limit groove 53 is opened on the inner wall of the support base 41, and the arc-shaped plate 52 is slidably connected to the limit groove 53.

[0027] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first snap-fit ​​assembly 6 includes two sliders 61 snap-fitted into the slots 48. A first spring 62 is fixedly connected to one side of each slider 61, and a base 65 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring 62. The sliders 61 are slidably connected to the base 65. A second electromagnet 63 is installed on the inner wall of the base 65. A second magnet block 64 is provided on one side of each slider 61. During normal use, the elastic force of the first spring 62 pushes the two sliders 61 to snap-fit ​​into the two slots 48 respectively, which facilitates the connection between the mounting base 45 and the base 65.

[0028] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first rotating assembly 7 includes a connecting ring 71 rotatably connected to the top of the base 65. A first motor 72 is installed inside the base 65. The first motor 72 has a self-locking function. A first rotating shaft 73 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 72. The first rotating shaft 73 is rotatably connected to the base 65. A total station 8 is installed at one end of the first rotating shaft 73. The bottom of the total station 8 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 71. By driving the first rotating shaft 73 to rotate through the first motor 72, the total station 8 can be easily rotated, thereby adjusting the measurement position.

[0029] When the total station 8 experiences a slight shift during prolonged use, causing the reference coordinates to exceed the allowable error range, the controller energizes the first electromagnets 44. This causes the multiple first electromagnets 44 to repel the multiple first magnet blocks 46, thus maintaining the position of the total station 8 and preventing tilting of the total station 8 at the moment of release from clamping. Subsequently, the retraction of the second electric push rod 51 moves the arc plate 52, causing the arc plate 52 to release its contact with the rotating ball 42, thereby releasing the clamping of the rotating ball 42. Afterward, the controller changes the current supplied to the multiple first electromagnets 44, thereby changing the repulsive force on the multiple first magnet blocks 46, causing the rotating ball 42 to rotate within the support base 41, thus adjusting and compensating for the angle of the total station 8. Simultaneously, the extension and retraction of the first electric push rod 22 moves the lifting plate 31 up and down, thereby adjusting and compensating for the height of the total station 8. This is achieved through the first servo motor. Motor 32 drives the first threaded rod 33 to rotate, causing the threaded frame 35 to slide under the limit of the first slide bar 34. The second servo motor 36 drives the second threaded rod 37 to rotate, causing the threaded plate 39 to slide under the limit of the second slide bar 38. This, in turn, drives the compensation component 4 and the total station 8 to move, thereby adjusting the X-axis and Y-axis positions of the total station 8 until the detection position of the total station 8 returns to the reference coordinates. At this time, the second electric push rod 51 extends to drive the arc plate 52 to move, so that the arc plate 52 re-fits with the rotating ball 42, fixing the position of the rotating ball 42, thereby fixing the position of the total station 8. This allows for convenient, efficient and quick automatic calibration and compensation of the small offsets of the total station 8, ensuring that the detection position of the total station 8 is always within the set reference coordinate range, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and stability of the measurement. Compared with the existing technology that requires manual readjustment, this method is faster and more accurate.

[0030] To address the technical problem of dust accumulation and jamming in the rotating parts inside the total station 8, thus reducing detection accuracy, such as... Figures 2-4 , Figure 6 and Figures 10-12 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figures 10-12 As shown, the second rotating assembly 10 includes a rotating ring 101 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed ring 47. A second motor 102 is installed at the bottom of the fixed ring 47. A second rotating shaft 103 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 102. The second rotating shaft 103 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 47. A gear 104 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft 103. A gear ring 105 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring 101. The gear 104 meshes with the gear ring 105. A U-shaped frame 106 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed ring 47. The U-shaped frame 106 is convenient for dust prevention and is rotatably connected to the rotating ring 101.

[0031] like Figures 2-4 , Figure 6 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the second snap-fit ​​assembly 20 includes two support plates 201 fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring 101. Two third electric push rods 202 are installed on the top of the two support plates 201. A first inclined block 203 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the third electric push rod 202. The first inclined block 203 has a slot 204 through it. The fixed plate 9 has two positioning slots 205. Two second inclined blocks 206 are slidably connected to each other inside the fixed plate 9. A second spring 207 is fixedly connected to one side of the second inclined block 206, and the other end of the second spring 207 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed plate 9. Both the first inclined block 203 and the second inclined block 206 have inclined surfaces on one side, which facilitates the connection between the first inclined block 203 and the second inclined block 206.

[0032] like Figure 4 and Figure 12 As shown, the reset assembly 30 includes a push plate 301 fixedly connected to one side of the second inclined block 206. A moving groove 302 is provided on one side of the fixed plate 9. The push plate 301 is slidably connected to the moving groove 302. After the first rotating assembly 7 is repaired, the third electric push rod 202 is lowered, driving the total station 8 to descend. The first snap-fit ​​assembly 6 reconnects the mounting base 45 to the base 65. At this time, the user pushes the push plate 301 to bring the two push plates 301 closer to each other and slide them in the moving groove 302, so that the second inclined block 206 squeezes the second spring 207. At this time, the third electric push rod 202 is reset downward, so that the first inclined block 203 is disengaged from the fixed plate 9, making it convenient to use the first rotating assembly 7 to adjust the measurement position of the total station 8 again.

[0033] During the use of the total station 8, dust easily penetrates the first rotating assembly 7 and accumulates inside it over a long period of time. When the accumulation reaches a certain level, and the Hall effect speed sensor 81 detects an abnormal change in the rotational speed of the first rotating shaft 73, the controller causes the first motor 72 to drive the first rotating shaft 73 to rotate, thereby driving the total station 8 and the two fixed plates 9 to rotate to the replacement position. At the same time, the second motor 102 drives the second rotating shaft 103 and the gear 104 to rotate, and through the meshing of the gear 104 and the gear ring 105, drives the rotating ring 101 to rotate, causing the second locking assembly 20 to rotate synchronously to the replacement position. At this time, the controller causes the third electric push rod 202 to extend, thereby driving the first inclined block 203 to rise, causing the first inclined block 203 to slide into the positioning groove 205, and the inclined surface of the first inclined block 203 to press against the inclined surface of the second inclined block 206, causing the second inclined block 206 to rotate. 206 slides within the fixed plate 9, simultaneously compressing the second spring 207 until the second inclined block 206 engages with the first inclined block 203. Subsequently, the controller causes the second electromagnet 63 to attract the second magnet block 64, driving the slider 61 to slide within the mounting base 45. Simultaneously, the controller compresses the first spring 62, causing the slider 61 to disengage from the slot 48, thus disconnecting the mounting base 45 from the base 65. Afterward, the controller causes the third electric push rod 202 to extend again, causing the total station 8, the two fixed plates 9, and the first rotating assembly 7 to rise synchronously until the base 65 disengages from the mounting base 45. This facilitates the replacement of rotating components and allows for timely automatic replacement when rotating components become stuck due to dust accumulation, maintaining the rotation requirements of the total station 8 and reducing downtime, thereby improving the practicality and continuous stable operation of the total station 8.

[0034] The second motor 102 drives the second rotating shaft 103 and gear 104 to rotate. Through the meshing of gear 104 and gear ring 105, the rotating ring 101, the second snap-fit ​​assembly 20, the two fixed plates 9, the total station 8 and the first rotating assembly 7 are driven to rotate, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the measurement position of the total station 8. At the same time, after the second rotating assembly 10 replaces the first snap-fit ​​assembly 6, it can still automatically calibrate and compensate for the slight offset of the total station 8.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A surveying apparatus for road works comprising a tripod (1), characterised in that: The tripod (1) is fixedly equipped with a lifting assembly (2) on the top. An adjustment assembly (3) is provided on one side of the lifting assembly (2). A compensation assembly (4) is provided on one side of the adjustment assembly (3). Two clamping assemblies (5) are arranged opposite each other inside the compensation assembly (4). A first snap-fit ​​assembly (6) is provided on the outer wall of the compensation assembly (4). A first rotating assembly (7) is provided inside the first snap-fit ​​assembly (6). A total station (8) is fixedly equipped on the top of the first rotating assembly (7). A Hall speed sensor (81) is provided inside the first rotating assembly (7). Fixed plates (9) are fixedly connected to both sides of the total station (8). A second rotating assembly (10) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the compensation assembly (4). Two second snap-fit ​​assemblies (20) are arranged opposite each other on the top of the second rotating assembly (10). A reset assembly (30) is provided on one side of the second snap-fit ​​assembly (20).

2. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterised in that: The lifting assembly (2) includes a mounting plate (21) fixedly connected to the top of the tripod (1), and three first electric push rods (22) are evenly installed inside the mounting plate (21).

3. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 2, characterised in that: The adjustment assembly (3) includes a lifting plate (31) fixedly connected to the movable end of the first electric push rod (22). A first servo motor (32) is installed on the outer wall of the lifting plate (31). A first threaded rod (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor (32). The first threaded rod (33) is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (31). A threaded frame (35) is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod (33). A first slide rod (34) is fixedly connected inside the lifting plate (31). The threaded frame (35) is slidably connected to the first slide rod (34). A second servo motor (36) is installed on the outer wall of the threaded frame (35). A second threaded rod (37) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor (36). The second threaded rod (37) is rotatably connected to the threaded frame (35). A threaded plate (39) is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod (37). A second slide rod (38) is fixedly connected inside the threaded frame (35). The threaded plate (39) is slidably connected to the second slide rod (38).

4. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 3, characterised in that: The compensation component (4) includes a support base (41) fixedly connected to one side of the threaded plate (39). A rotating ball (42) is rotatably connected inside the support base (41). A connecting column (43) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ball (42), and a mounting base (45) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting column (43). Several first electromagnets (44) are evenly embedded on the top of the support base (41), and several first magnet blocks (46) are evenly embedded on the bottom of the mounting base (45). A fixing ring (47) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting base (45), and two slots (48) are opened opposite each other on the outer wall of the mounting base (45).

5. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 4, characterised in that: The clamping assembly (5) includes two second electric push rods (51) installed opposite to each other on the outer wall of the support base (41). The movable end of the second electric push rod (51) is fixedly connected to an arc plate (52). A limiting groove (53) is opened on the inner wall of the support base (41). The arc plate (52) and the limiting groove (53) are slidably connected.

6. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 4, characterised in that: The first snap-fit ​​assembly (6) includes two sliders (61) snap-fitted into the slot (48). A first spring (62) is fixedly connected to one side of each slider (61), and a base (65) is fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring (62). The sliders (61) are slidably connected to the base (65). A second electromagnet (63) is installed on the inner wall of the base (65). A second magnet block (64) is provided on one side of each slider (61).

7. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 6, characterised in that: The first rotating assembly (7) includes a connecting ring (71) rotatably connected to the top of the base (65). A first motor (72) is installed inside the base (65). A first rotating shaft (73) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (72). The first rotating shaft (73) is rotatably connected to the base (65). A total station (8) is installed at one end of the first rotating shaft (73). The bottom of the total station (8) is fixedly connected to the connecting ring (71).

8. The surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 4, wherein: The second rotating assembly (10) includes a rotating ring (101) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed ring (47). A second motor (102) is installed at the bottom of the fixed ring (47). A second rotating shaft (103) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (102). The second rotating shaft (103) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (47). A gear (104) is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft (103). A gear ring (105) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring (101). The gear (104) meshes with the gear ring (105). A U-shaped frame (106) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed ring (47). The U-shaped frame (106) is rotatably connected to the rotating ring (101).

9. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 8, characterised in that: The second snap-fit ​​assembly (20) includes two support plates (201) fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring (101). Two third electric push rods (202) are installed on the top of the two support plates (201). A first inclined block (203) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the third electric push rod (202). A slot (204) is opened through the first inclined block (203). Two positioning slots (205) are opened on the fixed plate (9). Two second inclined blocks (206) are slidably connected to each other inside the fixed plate (9). A second spring (207) is fixedly connected to one side of the second inclined block (206), and the other end of the second spring (207) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed plate (9).

10. A surveying apparatus for highway engineering according to claim 9, characterised in that: The reset assembly (30) includes a push plate (301) fixedly connected to one side of the second inclined block (206), and a moving groove (302) is provided on one side of the fixed plate (9). The push plate (301) and the moving groove (302) are slidably connected.

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