Underground water detection sampling device and sampling method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of underground water detection sampling, and particularly relates to an underground water detection sampling device and a sampling method, which have the advantages that the anti-pollution capability is strong: a sampling pipe moves downwards in a sleeve, and a sampling window is protected by the sleeve during non-sampling and only moves downwards to be exposed during sampling; the adhesion and pollution of substances in the upper-section water body during descending in the well are effectively avoided, and the representativeness of the water sample is ensured; the multiple sampling parts arranged in the circumferential direction can correspond to different water depths, water samples of multiple preset depths can be sequentially collected through single-time installation through quick replacement and connection, the requirement of stratified sampling is met, and the sampling efficiency is remarkably improved; the fixing mechanism ensures that the device is stable at a wellhead; the sampling part is firmly mounted through the locking mechanism; the clamping mechanism stabilizes the sample storage bottle; the whole structure is compact, operation is easy and convenient, and accuracy and safety of the sampling process are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of groundwater detection and sampling technology, and particularly relates to a groundwater detection and sampling device and sampling method. Background Technology

[0002] Groundwater is an important component of water resources, closely related to human society, and often serves as a primary source of water supply for a region. Groundwater monitoring aims to promptly understand its water quality status and is a crucial link in ensuring water security.

[0003] Groundwater sampling technology, as the core of monitoring, faces the challenge of groundwater stratification caused by relatively impermeable layers in the strata. The water quality indicators and compositions of different layers often differ, therefore stratified sampling is necessary to prevent mixing and interference between samples, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the test results.

[0004] Currently, existing groundwater detection and sampling devices still have shortcomings in practical applications: on the one hand, when the sampler descends into the well, substances in the water in the upper part of the well tend to adhere to the device wall, causing pollution to the water samples taken later; on the other hand, it can only collect water samples from a specific depth at a time, which is inefficient and cannot meet the actual needs of simultaneous sampling at multiple depths. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a groundwater detection and sampling device and method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A groundwater detection and sampling device includes: a support plate, a water pump disposed on the top surface of the support plate, a plurality of sampling sections disposed circumferentially on the outer side of the water pump, the sampling sections being detachably connected to the support plate, a locking mechanism being disposed between the sampling sections and the support plate, the top end of one of the sampling sections being detachably connected to the water inlet of the water pump, the bottom end of the sampling section extending into the water body, the water outlet of the water pump being connected to an outlet, a sample storage bottle being disposed below the outlet, the sample storage bottle being fixed to the top surface of the support plate by a clamping mechanism, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the support plate to the wellhead of a monitoring well being disposed on the bottom surface of the support plate; The sampling unit includes a sleeve, and the locking mechanism is disposed between the sleeve and the support plate. A sampling tube is slidably connected inside the sleeve, and the bottom end of the sampling tube is closed. A first annular groove is circumferentially formed on the outer wall of the sampling tube. The first annular groove is close to the bottom end of the sampling tube and located inside the sleeve. A plurality of water passage holes are formed at the bottom of the first annular groove. The plurality of water passage holes are arranged in an array and are all connected to the inner cavity of the sampling tube. A filter screen is circumferentially disposed inside the first annular groove. During sampling, the sampling tube moves down to make the first annular groove extend out of the sleeve.

[0007] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, a toothed groove is provided on the outer side wall of the sampling tube, and a plurality of meshing teeth are provided in the toothed groove, and the plurality of meshing teeth are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction of the sampling tube; An installation box is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the installation box. One end of the rotating shaft passes through the installation box and is fixedly installed with a handwheel. A ratchet is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft and engages with the meshing teeth. A limiting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the installation box. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the limiting frame. The bottom end of the sliding rod passes through the installation box and engages with the ratchet. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding rod. A second spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod. The second spring is located inside the limiting frame, and both ends of the second spring abut against the top wall of the limiting frame and the limiting ring, respectively.

[0008] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube, the limiting ring is close to the top end of the sampling tube, and a first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the sampling tube, the first spring being located between the limiting ring and the top end of the sleeve.

[0009] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes a fixed ring fixed to the top surface of the bearing plate, a vertical groove is vertically formed on the inner wall of the fixed ring, a rack is slidably connected in the vertical groove, the rack is fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve, a second annular groove is circumferentially formed on the outer wall of the fixed ring, the second annular groove communicates with the vertical groove, a locking block is slidably connected in the second annular groove, the locking block is adapted to the teeth of the rack, the locking block is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring, and the rotating ring is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer side of the fixed ring; The top end of the fixed ring is fixedly connected to a second positioning block, and the top end of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to a first positioning block. The second positioning block is configured correspondingly to the first positioning block. When the second positioning block contacts the first positioning block, the locking block fixes the rack.

[0010] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, the inlet end of the water pump is connected to one end of a flexible hose, the other end of the flexible hose is connected to an adapter, the end of the adapter away from the flexible hose extends into the top end of the sampling tube, the outer side wall of the adapter is circumferentially provided with a protrusion, the protrusion abuts against the top end of the sampling tube, a nut is sleeved on the outer side of the adapter, the nut is threadedly connected to the top end of the sampling tube, a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the nut, and the bottom surface of the retaining ring abuts against the protrusion.

[0011] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes at least three squeezing components. The plurality of squeezing components are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the sample storage bottle. Each squeezing component includes a slide rail fixed to the top surface of the support plate. The axis of the slide rail coincides with the diameter of the sample storage bottle. A sliding rod is fixedly connected inside the slide rail. The sliding rod is arranged along the length direction of the slide rail. One end of the clamp is slidably connected to the sliding rod. The other end of the clamp abuts against the outer wall of the sample storage bottle. A third spring is sleeved on the sliding rod. The third spring is located on the side of the clamp away from the sample storage bottle. One end of the third spring abuts against the clamp, and the other end of the third spring abuts against the end of the slide rail.

[0012] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing component, a transmission component, and a driving component. The fixing component includes multiple bearing seats, which are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the bearing plate. The multiple bearing seats are circumferentially spaced. A first gear is rotatably connected to the bearing seat. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the first gear. The axis of the rotating rod coincides with the diameter of the first gear. The driving component drives the first gear to rotate through the transmission component, so that the rotating rod abuts against the wellhead of the monitoring well, thereby fixing the bearing plate at the wellhead of the monitoring well.

[0013] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, the transmission component includes a transmission ring, the outer edge of the transmission ring is circumferentially threaded, the first gear meshes with the thread on the outer side of the transmission ring, a slip ring is circumferentially fixed to the top surface of the transmission ring, the slip ring is coaxially arranged with the transmission ring, the slip ring is slidably connected in the slide rail, the slide rail is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support plate, and the transmission ring is transmissionally connected to the drive component.

[0014] In the groundwater detection and sampling device of the present invention, the driving component includes a drive shaft, which is rotatably connected to the support plate. The bottom end of the drive shaft passes through the support plate and is coaxially fixed to a second gear. The inner edge of the drive ring is provided with teeth evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. The second gear meshes with the teeth on the inner edge of the drive ring. The top end of the drive shaft passes through the support plate and is coaxially fixed to a turntable. A handle is fixed to the turntable, and the handle is eccentrically disposed from the turntable.

[0015] A groundwater detection and sampling method, based on the aforementioned groundwater detection and sampling device, comprises the following steps: Move the support plate to the wellhead of the monitoring well and cover the wellhead with the support plate. Fix the support plate to the wellhead of the monitoring well through the fixing mechanism. Install multiple casings on the support plate and adjust them to the preset sinking depth. Fix the casings through the locking mechanism. Connect different sampling tubes to the water pump to achieve sampling of water at different depths in the monitoring well.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: 1. Strong anti-pollution capability: The sampling tube descends inside the casing, and its sampling window is protected by the casing when not sampling. It is only exposed when sampling, which effectively avoids the adhesion and contamination of the upper water body when it descends in the well, and ensures the representativeness of the water sample.

[0017] 2. High efficiency of stratified sampling: Multiple sampling units arranged circumferentially can correspond to different water depths. Through quick connection replacement, multiple water samples at predetermined depths can be collected sequentially in a single installation, which meets the needs of stratified sampling and significantly improves sampling efficiency.

[0018] 3. Stable and reliable operation: The fixing mechanism ensures the stability of the device at the wellhead; the locking mechanism ensures the sampling section is firmly installed; the clamping mechanism secures the sample storage bottle; the overall structure is compact and easy to operate, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the sampling process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point D; Figure 6 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point E in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point F in the middle; The components are as follows: 1. Bearing plate; 2. Shaft seat; 3. First gear; 4. Rotating rod; 5. Transmission ring; 6. Second gear; 7. Transmission shaft; 8. Turntable; 9. Handle; 10. Water pump; 11. Sample bottle; 12. Outlet; 13. Hose; 14. Sampling tube; 15. Slide rail; 16. Slip ring; 17. Ball bearing; 18. Sleeve; 19. Rack; 20. Filter screen; 21. First annular groove; 22. Water passage hole; 23. Rotating ring. 24. Fixing ring; 25. Second annular groove; 26. Locking block; 27. Vertical groove; 28. First positioning block; 29. ​​Second positioning block; 30. Limiting ring; 31. First spring; 32. Engaging teeth; 33. Mounting box; 34. Limiting frame; 35. Slide rod; 36. Ratchet; 37. Rotating shaft; 38. Second spring; 39. Nut; 40. Adapter; 41. Clamp; 42. Slide rail; 43. Third spring; 44. Sliding rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 7This invention discloses a groundwater detection and sampling device, comprising: a support plate 1, a water pump 10 disposed on the top surface of the support plate 1, a plurality of sampling parts disposed circumferentially on the outer side of the water pump 10, the sampling parts being detachably connected to the support plate 1, a locking mechanism being disposed between the sampling parts and the support plate 1, the top end of one of the sampling parts being detachably connected to the water inlet of the water pump 10, the bottom end of the sampling part extending into the water body, the water outlet of the water pump 10 being connected to an outlet 12, a sample storage bottle 11 being disposed below the outlet 12, the sample storage bottle 11 being fixed to the top surface of the support plate 1 by a clamping mechanism, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the support plate 1 to the wellhead of the monitoring well being disposed on the bottom surface of the support plate 1; The sampling unit includes a sleeve 18, a locking mechanism is disposed between the sleeve 18 and the support plate 1, a sampling tube 14 is slidably connected inside the sleeve 18, the bottom end of the sampling tube 14 is closed, a first annular groove 21 is circumferentially opened on the outer side wall of the sampling tube 14, the first annular groove 21 is close to the bottom end of the sampling tube 14 and located inside the sleeve 18, a plurality of water passage holes 22 are opened at the bottom of the first annular groove 21, the plurality of water passage holes 22 are arrayed, and the plurality of water passage holes 22 are all connected to the inner cavity of the sampling tube 14, a filter screen 20 is circumferentially arranged inside the first annular groove 21, during sampling, the sampling tube 14 moves down to make the first annular groove 21 extend out of the sleeve 18.

[0023] First, the entire device is fixed to the wellhead of the monitoring well using the fixing mechanism on the bottom surface of the support plate 1. Then, a sampling section is selected, and its casing 18 is detachably installed on the support plate 1 using a locking mechanism. The top end of the sampling tube 14 of this sampling section is detachably connected to the water inlet of the water pump 10 via a hose 13 and an adapter 40, with the bottom end of the sampling tube 14 extending into the groundwater. During sampling, the operator lowers the sampling tube 14, allowing it to slide within the casing 18 until the first annular groove 21 on the sampling tube 14 extends out of the casing 18. At this time, the groundwater is filtered through the filter screen 20 arranged circumferentially inside the first annular groove 21 to remove impurities. The filtered water then enters the inner cavity of the sampling tube 14 through multiple water passage holes 22 distributed in an array at the bottom of the first annular groove 21. When the water pump 10 is started, water is drawn in through the sampling tube 14 from the inlet of the water pump 10, and then flows out through the outlet 12 from the outlet of the water pump 10, flowing into the sample storage bottle 11, which is fixed to the top surface of the support plate 1 by the clamping mechanism, thus completing the sampling. Multiple sampling units can be pre-installed, and multi-point sampling can be achieved by replacing them. The fixing mechanism ensures that the device is stably fixed to the wellhead and prevents slippage; the locking mechanism makes the sampling unit firmly installed and easy to replace; the downward design of the sampling tube 14 ensures that the filter screen 20 is exposed only during sampling, avoiding contamination, and the filter screen 20 effectively protects the water pump 10 and the sampling accuracy; the water pump 10 achieves automatic suction, improving efficiency; the clamping mechanism stably clamps the sample storage bottle 11 to prevent tipping; the overall structure is compact, easy to operate, and the sampling is accurate and reliable, making it suitable for long-term groundwater monitoring.

[0024] In one alternative, a toothed groove is provided on the outer wall of the sampling tube 14, and a plurality of meshing teeth 32 are provided in the toothed groove. The plurality of meshing teeth 32 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction of the sampling tube 14. An installation box 33 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 18. A rotating shaft 37 is rotatably connected inside the installation box 33. One end of the rotating shaft 37 extends out of the installation box 33 and is fixedly installed with a handwheel (not shown). A ratchet 36 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 37. The ratchet 36 engages with the meshing teeth 32. A limiting frame 34 is fixedly connected to the top of the installation box 33. A sliding rod 35 is slidably connected to the limiting frame 34. The bottom end of the sliding rod 35 extends into the installation box 33 and engages with the ratchet 36. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding rod 35. A second spring 38 is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod 35. The second spring 38 is located inside the limiting frame 34. The two ends of the second spring 38 abut against the top wall of the limiting frame 34 and the limiting ring, respectively.

[0025] In use, the slide bar 35 is lifted to disengage from the ratchet 36. Turning the handwheel drives the shaft 37 and ratchet 36 to rotate. The ratchet 36 engages with the meshing teeth 32 on the sampling tube 14, thereby driving the sampling tube 14 to rise and fall within the sleeve 18 to adjust the extension position of the first annular groove 21. The slide bar 35, under the action of the second spring 38, engages with the ratchet 36 to prevent the ratchet 36 from reversing, locking the position of the sampling tube 14. This achieves precise and stable lifting control of the sampling tube 14, ensuring accurate sampling depth and effortless operation.

[0026] In one alternative, a limiting ring 30 is fixed to the outer wall of the sampling tube 14, the limiting ring 30 being close to the top of the sampling tube 14, and a first spring 31 is sleeved on the outer side of the sampling tube 14, the first spring 31 being located between the limiting ring 30 and the top of the sleeve 18.

[0027] During the raising and lowering of the sampling tube 14, the first spring 31 between the limiting ring 30 and the top end of the sleeve 18 is compressed or released. When the sampling tube 14 is lowered, the spring is compressed to store energy; when it is released, the spring rebounds to assist the sampling tube 14 in moving upward and resetting. This provides a buffer, making the operation smoother and helping the sampling tube 14 to automatically return to its initial position, simplifying the operation.

[0028] In one alternative embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a fixed ring 24 fixed to the top surface of the bearing plate 1. A vertical groove 27 is vertically formed on the inner wall of the fixed ring 24. A rack 19 is slidably connected in the vertical groove 27. The rack 19 is fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve 18. A second annular groove 25 is circumferentially formed on the outer wall of the fixed ring 24. The second annular groove 25 communicates with the vertical groove 27. A locking block 26 is slidably connected in the second annular groove 25. The locking block 26 is adapted to the teeth of the rack 19. The locking block 26 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring 23. The rotating ring 23 is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer side of the fixed ring 24. The top end of the fixed ring 24 is fixedly connected to the second positioning block 29, and the top end of the rotating ring 23 is fixedly connected to the first positioning block 28. The second positioning block 29 is set in correspondence with the first positioning block 28. When the second positioning block 29 contacts the first positioning block 28, the locking block 26 fixes the rack 19.

[0029] When installing the sampling unit, the rack 19 on the sleeve 18 is inserted along the vertical groove 27 of the fixing ring 24. Then, the rotating ring 23 is rotated, causing the locking block 26, which is fixed to its inner side, to slide within the second annular groove 25 and engage with the teeth of the rack 19. When the first positioning block 28 on the rotating ring 23 contacts the second positioning block 29 on the fixing ring 24, the locking block 26 fixes the rack 19, thereby locking the position of the sleeve 18 on the support plate 1. This enables quick and secure installation and removal of the sampling unit.

[0030] In one alternative embodiment, the inlet end of the water pump 10 is connected to one end of the hose 13, and the other end of the hose 13 is connected to an adapter 40. The end of the adapter 40 away from the hose 13 extends into the top of the sampling tube 14. A protrusion is provided circumferentially on the outer wall of the adapter 40, and the protrusion abuts against the top of the sampling tube 14. A nut 39 is fitted on the outer side of the adapter 40, and the nut 39 is threadedly connected to the top of the sampling tube 14. A retaining ring is fixedly connected to the top of the nut 39, and the bottom surface of the retaining ring abuts against the protrusion.

[0031] During connection, insert the adapter 40 at one end of the hose 13 into the top of the sampling tube 14, so that the protrusion on the adapter 40 abuts against the top of the sampling tube 14. Then tighten the nut 39 fitted over the adapter 40, so that its threaded connection is made to the top of the sampling tube 14. The retaining ring at the top of the nut 39 presses against the protrusion, thereby fixing the adapter 40 and achieving a seal. This ensures a secure and leak-proof connection between the water pump 10 and the sampling tube 14, and facilitates quick assembly and disassembly.

[0032] In one alternative embodiment, the clamping mechanism includes at least three compression components, which are arranged at equal intervals around the sample storage bottle 11. Each compression component includes a slide rail 42 fixed to the top surface of the support plate 1. The axis of the slide rail 42 coincides with the diameter of the sample storage bottle 11. A sliding rod 44 is fixed inside the slide rail 42 and is arranged along the length of the slide rail 42. One end of a clamp 41 is slidably connected to the sliding rod 44. The other end of the clamp 41 abuts against the outer wall of the sample storage bottle 11. A third spring 43 is sleeved on the sliding rod 44. The third spring 43 is located on the side of the clamp 41 away from the sample storage bottle 11. One end of the third spring 43 abuts against the clamp 41, and the other end of the third spring 43 abuts against the end of the slide rail 42.

[0033] When placing the sample storage bottle 11, it is positioned at the center of multiple compression components. The clamp 41 slides along the sliding rod 44 towards the center under the thrust of the third spring 43, clamping the outer wall of the sample storage bottle 11. Multiple clamps 41 apply uniform circumferential pressure to ensure the sample storage bottle 11 remains stable and upright. The spring design allows the clamping force to adapt to different bottle diameters, preventing the bottle from shaking or tipping over during sampling and ensuring safe receipt of water samples.

[0034] In one alternative embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing component, a transmission component, and a drive component. The fixing component includes multiple bearing seats 2, which are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the bearing plate 1. The multiple bearing seats 2 are circumferentially spaced. A first gear 3 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 2. A rotating rod 4 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the first gear 3. The axis of the rotating rod 4 coincides with the diameter of the first gear 3. The drive component drives the first gear 3 to rotate through the transmission component, so that the rotating rod 4 abuts against the wellhead of the monitoring well, thereby fixing the bearing plate 1 to the wellhead of the monitoring well.

[0035] When fixed, the operating drive assembly drives multiple first gears 3 to rotate synchronously via the transmission assembly. The first gears 3 drive the rotating rod 4 fixed thereon to rotate, causing the end of the rotating rod 4 to swing outward and tightly abut against the inner wall of the monitoring wellhead, thereby firmly fixing the support plate 1 to the wellhead. This provides stable support, adapts to different well diameters, and ensures that the device does not move during the sampling process.

[0036] In one alternative embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a transmission ring 5 with a circumferential thread on its outer edge. A first gear 3 meshes with the thread on the outer side of the transmission ring 5. A slip ring 16 is circumferentially fixed to the top surface of the transmission ring 5. The slip ring 16 is coaxially arranged with the transmission ring 5 and is slidably connected in a slide rail 15. The slide rail 15 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support plate 1. The transmission ring 5 is connected to the drive assembly for transmission.

[0037] The slip ring 16 is designed as an inverted convex shape. A first ball groove is circumferentially formed on the bottom surface of the slip ring 16, and a second ball groove is circumferentially formed on the inner bottom wall of the slide rail 15. Multiple balls 17 are rolled between the first and second ball grooves, with adjacent balls 17 making rolling contact. The arrangement of the balls 17 makes the relative movement between the slip ring 16 and the slide rail 15 smoother.

[0038] The drive assembly rotates the transmission ring 5, and the threads on the outer edge of the transmission ring 5 mesh with each of the first gears 3, driving the first gears 3 to rotate. The slip ring 16 on the top surface of the transmission ring 5 slides within the slide rail 15 fixed to the bottom surface of the support plate 1, ensuring that the transmission ring 5 rotates smoothly without deviation. This achieves synchronous drive of multiple first gears 3, enabling each rotating rod 4 to move in a coordinated manner and evenly press against the wellhead.

[0039] In one alternative embodiment, the drive assembly includes a drive shaft 7 rotatably connected to a support plate 1. The bottom end of the drive shaft 7 extends out of the support plate 1 and is coaxially fixed to a second gear 6. The inner edge of the drive ring 5 is provided with teeth spaced evenly in the circumferential direction. The second gear 6 meshes with the teeth on the inner edge of the drive ring 5. The top end of the drive shaft 7 extends out of the support plate 1 and is coaxially fixed to a turntable 8. A handle 9 is fixed to the turntable 8 and is eccentrically positioned with respect to the turntable 8.

[0040] During operation, rotating the handle 9 causes the turntable 8 and drive shaft 7 to rotate. The second gear 6 at the bottom of the drive shaft 7 meshes with the teeth on the inner edge of the drive ring 5, driving the drive ring 5 to rotate. The eccentrically positioned handle 9 provides a lever effect, making it easier to rotate the turntable 8. This achieves a manually driven fixing mechanism, which is simple to operate, saves manpower, and ensures a secure fixation.

[0041] A groundwater detection and sampling method, based on a groundwater detection and sampling device, comprises the following steps: Move the support plate 1 to the wellhead of the monitoring well and cover the wellhead with the support plate 1. Fix the support plate 1 to the wellhead of the monitoring well through the fixing mechanism. Install multiple casings 18 on the support plate 1 and adjust them to the preset sinking depth. Fix the casings 18 through the locking mechanism. Connect different sampling pipes 14 to the water pump 10 to achieve sampling of water at different depths in the monitoring well.

[0042] The detailed working process is as follows: First, the device is installed and fixed. The operator places the support plate 1 at the monitoring wellhead, rotates the handle 9, and drives the turntable 8 and drive shaft 7 to rotate. The second gear 6 at the bottom of the drive shaft 7 drives the drive ring 5 to rotate. The threads on the outer edge of the drive ring 5 mesh with multiple first gears 3 to make them rotate synchronously, thereby driving the rotating rod 4 fixed on the first gear 3 to swing outward until it tightly abuts against the inner wall of the wellhead, thus achieving a firm fixation of the support plate 1. During this process, the slip ring 16 at the top of the drive ring 5 slides along the slide rail 15 to ensure stability. Next, the sampling part is installed. A sampling part is selected, and the rack 19 on the outside of its sleeve 18 is aligned with the vertical groove 27 of the fixing ring 24 on the support plate 1 and inserted. Then, the rotating ring 23 is rotated so that the locking block 26 on its inner side slides along the second annular groove 25 and engages with the teeth of the rack 19. When the first positioning block 28 on the rotating ring 23 contacts the second positioning block 29 on the fixing ring 24, the sampling part is locked. Next, the pipeline connection is made. The adapter 40 connected to the water pump 10 inlet hose 13 is inserted into the top of the sampling tube 14 of the sampling section. The nut 39, which is fitted over the adapter 40, is tightened so that it is threaded onto the upper end of the sampling tube 14. The retaining ring of the nut 39 presses against the protrusion of the adapter 40 to achieve a sealed connection. Then, the sample storage bottle 11 is placed in the center of a compression assembly consisting of multiple slide rails 42, sliding rods 44, clamps 41, and a third spring 43. The clamps 41 slide along the sliding rods 44 under the push of the third spring 43, clamping the bottle body evenly from all sides. After preparation, the sampling depth is adjusted. The operator can lift the slide bar 35 to separate it from the ratchet 36, and turn the handwheel to drive the ratchet 36 through the rotating shaft 37. The ratchet 36 engages with the meshing teeth 32 on the sampling tube 14, thereby precisely controlling the downward movement of the sampling tube 14 within the sleeve 18. During this process, the first spring 31, which is fitted outside the sampling tube 14, is compressed between the limiting ring 30 and the top of the sleeve 18. After releasing the handwheel, the slide bar 35 is reset under the action of the second spring 38 and engages with the ratchet 36 to prevent reverse rotation and lock the position. When the sampling tube 14 moves down to the point where the first annular groove 21 and the circumferential filter screen 20 extend out of the sleeve 18, the water pump 10 is started. After being filtered by the filter screen 20, the groundwater enters the inner cavity of the sampling tube 14 through the water passage hole 22 at the bottom of the first annular groove 21. After being drawn in, it flows into the sample storage bottle 11 below through the water outlet 12 of the water pump 10. After sampling is completed, the sampling tube 14 can be reset with the assistance of the first spring 31 by reversing the operation. The locking mechanism can be released to replace other sampling parts for multi-point sampling. The whole process realizes the functions of quick installation, adjustable depth, anti-clogging filter, stable sampling and firm fixation.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A groundwater detection and sampling device, characterized in that, include: A support plate (1) is provided with a water pump (10) on its top surface. Multiple sampling parts are provided around the outer periphery of the water pump (10). The sampling parts are detachably connected to the support plate (1). A locking mechanism is provided between the sampling parts and the support plate (1). The top of one of the sampling parts is detachably connected to the water inlet of the water pump (10). The bottom of the sampling part extends into the water body. The water outlet of the water pump (10) is connected to an outlet (12). A sample storage bottle (11) is provided below the outlet (12). The sample storage bottle (11) is fixed on the top surface of the support plate (1) by a clamping mechanism. A fixing mechanism for fixing the support plate (1) to the wellhead of the monitoring well is provided on the bottom surface of the support plate (1). The sampling section includes a sleeve (18), and the locking mechanism is disposed between the sleeve (18) and the support plate (1). A sampling tube (14) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (18). The bottom end of the sampling tube (14) is closed. A first annular groove (21) is circumferentially opened on the outer wall of the sampling tube (14). The first annular groove (21) is close to the bottom end of the sampling tube (14) and located inside the sleeve (18). A plurality of water passage holes (22) are opened at the bottom of the first annular groove (21). The plurality of water passage holes (22) are arrayed and are all connected to the inner cavity of the sampling tube (14). A filter screen (20) is circumferentially arranged inside the first annular groove (21). When sampling, the sampling tube (14) moves down to make the first annular groove (21) extend out of the sleeve (18).

2. The groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sampling tube (14) is provided with a toothed groove, and a plurality of meshing teeth (32) are provided in the toothed groove. The plurality of meshing teeth (32) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction of the sampling tube (14). An installation box (33) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve (18). A rotating shaft (37) is rotatably connected inside the installation box (33). One end of the rotating shaft (37) passes through the installation box (33) and is fixedly installed with a handwheel. A ratchet (36) is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft (37). The ratchet (36) meshes with the meshing teeth (32). A limiting frame (34) is fixedly connected to the top of the installation box (33). A sliding rod (35) is slidably connected to the limiting frame (34). The bottom end of the sliding rod (35) passes through the installation box (33) and meshes with the ratchet (36). A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding rod (35). A second spring (38) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod (35). The second spring (38) is located inside the limiting frame (34). The two ends of the second spring (38) abut against the top wall of the limiting frame (34) and the limiting ring, respectively.

3. The groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting ring (30) is fixed to the outer wall of the sampling tube (14). The limiting ring (30) is close to the top of the sampling tube (14). A first spring (31) is sleeved on the outer side of the sampling tube (14). The first spring (31) is located between the limiting ring (30) and the top of the sleeve (18).

4. The groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a fixed ring (24) fixed to the top surface of the bearing plate (1), a vertical groove (27) is vertically opened on the inner wall of the fixed ring (24), a rack (19) is slidably connected in the vertical groove (27), the rack (19) is fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve (18), a second annular groove (25) is circumferentially opened on the outer wall of the fixed ring (24), the second annular groove (25) communicates with the vertical groove (27), a locking block (26) is slidably connected in the second annular groove (25), the locking block (26) is adapted to the teeth of the rack (19), the locking block (26) is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring (23), and the rotating ring (23) is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer side of the fixed ring (24); The top end of the fixed ring (24) is fixed with a second positioning block (29), and the top end of the rotating ring (23) is fixed with a first positioning block (28). The second positioning block (29) is correspondingly set with the first positioning block (28). When the second positioning block (29) contacts the first positioning block (28), the locking block (26) fixes the rack (19).

5. The groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pump (10) has a water inlet end connected to one end of a hose (13), and the other end of the hose (13) is connected to an adapter (40). The end of the adapter (40) away from the hose (13) extends into the top of the sampling tube (14). The outer side wall of the adapter (40) is provided with a protrusion in the circumferential direction. The protrusion abuts against the top of the sampling tube (14). A nut (39) is sleeved on the outer side of the adapter (40). The nut (39) is threaded to the top of the sampling tube (14). A retaining ring is fixedly connected to the top of the nut (39). The bottom surface of the retaining ring abuts against the protrusion.

6. The groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes at least three extrusion components, which are arranged at equal intervals around the sample bottle (11) in the circumference. Each extrusion component includes a slide (42) fixed to the top surface of the support plate (1). The axis of the slide (42) coincides with the diameter of the sample bottle (11). A sliding rod (44) is fixed inside the slide (42). The sliding rod (44) is arranged along the length of the slide (42). One end of a clamp (41) is slidably connected to the sliding rod (44). The other end of the clamp (41) abuts against the outer wall of the sample bottle (11). A third spring (43) is sleeved on the sliding rod (44). The third spring (43) is located on the side of the clamp (41) away from the sample bottle (11). One end of the third spring (43) abuts against the clamp (41), and the other end of the third spring (43) abuts against the end of the slide (42).

7. The groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism includes a fixing component, a transmission component, and a driving component. The fixing component includes multiple bearing seats (2), which are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the bearing plate (1). The multiple bearing seats (2) are circumferentially spaced. A first gear (3) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (2). A rotating rod (4) is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the first gear (3). The axis of the rotating rod (4) coincides with the diameter of the first gear (3). The driving component drives the first gear (3) to rotate through the transmission component, so that the rotating rod (4) abuts against the wellhead of the monitoring well, and fixes the bearing plate (1) at the wellhead of the monitoring well.

8. A groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a transmission ring (5), which has a circumferential thread on its outer edge. The first gear (3) meshes with the thread on the outer side of the transmission ring (5). A slip ring (16) is circumferentially fixed to the top surface of the transmission ring (5). The slip ring (16) is coaxially arranged with the transmission ring (5). The slip ring (16) is slidably connected in the slide rail (15). The slide rail (15) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the bearing plate (1). The transmission ring (5) is connected to the drive assembly.

9. A groundwater detection and sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a drive shaft (7), which is rotatably connected to the support plate (1). The bottom end of the drive shaft (7) extends out of the support plate (1) and is coaxially fixed with a second gear (6). The inner edge of the drive ring (5) is provided with teeth evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. The second gear (6) meshes with the teeth on the inner edge of the drive ring (5). The top end of the drive shaft (7) extends out of the support plate (1) and is coaxially fixed with a turntable (8). A handle (9) is fixed on the turntable (8). The handle (9) is eccentrically positioned with respect to the turntable (8).

10. A groundwater detection and sampling method, based on the groundwater detection and sampling device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Move the support plate (1) to the wellhead of the monitoring well and cover the wellhead of the monitoring well with the support plate (1). Fix the support plate (1) to the wellhead of the monitoring well through the fixing mechanism. Install multiple casings (18) on the support plate (1) and adjust them to the preset sinking depth. Fix the casings (18) through the locking mechanism. Connect different sampling pipes (14) to the water pump (10) to realize the sampling of water bodies at different depths of the monitoring well.

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