Large-current intelligent fuse for energy storage system

Abstract

The invention provides a high-current intelligent fuse for an energy storage system, which comprises a shell, a shunt, an ignition device and a control unit, and is characterized in that the shell is provided with a first opening and a second opening; the flow divider is arranged in the shell, and the two ends of the flow divider penetrate out of the first opening and the second opening respectively. The shunt is used for detecting a current value on the main loop; the diverter is further provided with a weak part, and the ignition device is arranged on the inner wall, aligned with the weak part, of the shell. The control unit is connected with the diverter and used for obtaining a voltage value corresponding to the current value on the diverter and sending a control signal to the ignition device when the voltage value exceeds a preset value. A sealing structure is arranged between the weak part and the ignition device, and the ignition device and the weak part are sealed through the sealing structure; when the ignition device receives the control signal, the detonation mechanism is triggered to disconnect the weak part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of emergency protection device technology, specifically relating to a high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems. Background Technology

[0002] As a "regulator" of the new power system, the safe operation of energy storage systems is crucial to the stability of the entire energy network. However, electrochemical energy storage power stations suffer from high unplanned outage rates and significant fire risks, exposing the shortcomings of traditional protection solutions.

[0003] In traditional protection schemes, the combination of "contactor + fuse" has long dominated the protection of energy storage systems. However, as energy storage systems evolve towards higher voltage and larger capacity, the inherent defects of traditional fuses due to their breaking characteristics and protection logic have gradually become apparent.

[0004] Firstly, the breaking energy of traditional fuses far exceeds the energy tolerance limit of IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors), the core component of power conversion systems (PCS). Therefore, in the event of a fault, the fuse may fail to disconnect the circuit in time, causing the IGBT to burn out due to energy overload, leading to a converter failure, fire, or explosion. Furthermore, energy storage systems also suffer from stray inductance, inverter-side capacitance causing inrush currents, and frequent voltage spikes. Traditional fuses are extremely sensitive to pulse currents; frequent impacts accelerate aging, resulting in premature melting due to abnormal temperature rise or even a lifespan reduction of more than 50%. A single fuse can only respond to a "fixed current-time threshold," making it unsuitable for the diverse impacts of complex operating conditions such as fast charging and fault restarts, further reducing protection reliability.

[0005] Secondly, the traditional "contactor + fuse" combination also has inherent loopholes: the contactor contacts are prone to arc welding and sticking due to high-frequency operation or overload; the fuse is "sensitive and lagging" to fault current, and long-term overload or peak voltage can damage it. When the fault current is between the contactor's tolerance limit and the fuse's operating threshold, neither can effectively cut off the circuit, forming a protection blind zone and becoming a fire hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a high-current smart fuse for energy storage systems, aiming to achieve rapid response to abnormal currents under high-current conditions through the smart fuse.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a high-current smart fuse for an energy storage system, including a housing, a shunt, an ignition device, and a control unit. The housing has a first opening and a second opening. The shunt is disposed in the housing, and its two ends extend out from the first opening and the second opening, respectively. The shunt is used to detect the current value in the main circuit; The splitter is also provided with a weak part, and the ignition device is provided on the inner wall of the housing aligned with the weak part. The control unit is connected to the shunt and is used to obtain the voltage value corresponding to the current value on the shunt, and send a control signal to the ignition device when the voltage value exceeds a preset value. A sealing structure is provided between the weak part and the ignition device, and the sealing structure seals the ignition device and the weak part. When the ignition device receives the control signal, it triggers the detonation mechanism to disconnect the weak point.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the housing is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; both ends of the melt pass through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively into the interior of the housing and are connected in parallel with the distributor.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the housing is provided with one or more of a first cavity, a second cavity, and a shielding layer; wherein, the first cavity is used to house a heat dissipation device that assists in heat dissipation of the splitter; the second cavity is used to house the control unit; and the shielding layer is disposed outside the splitter to shield against electrical signal interference from the outside of the splitter.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, a filling layer is provided between the shielding layer and the splitter, the filling layer being used to dissipate heat from the splitter.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, it further includes an arc-extinguishing structure and / or a cutting element; wherein the arc-extinguishing structure is disposed outside the housing, the arc-extinguishing structure includes a melt connected in parallel to the distributor; the cutting element is disposed between the distributor and the ignition device, and the cutting element has at least one cutting portion at one end near the distributor, the cutting portion being used to cut off the weak portion.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the interior of the housing is coated with a sealing layer, the sealing layer is adhered to the inner wall of the housing, and both the ignition device and the punch are adhered to the sealing layer.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, it further includes a guide tube and / or a seal; wherein the guide tube is sleeved on the punched member and adhered to the sealing layer; when a seal is provided, a groove is provided on the outer wall of the punched member, and the seal is disposed in the groove.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the arc-extinguishing structure is provided with an arc-extinguishing cavity, the main body of the molten material is disposed in the arc-extinguishing cavity, and the arc-extinguishing cavity is filled with a second arc-extinguishing medium.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the diverter includes a first connector, a second connector, and at least one sub-diverter, the two ends of the at least one sub-diverter being respectively connected to a first end of the first connector and a first end of the second connector; the second end of the first connector extends through the first opening and reaches the outer wall of the arc-extinguishing structure to connect with the first end of the melt; the second end of the second connector extends through the second opening and reaches the outer wall of the arc-extinguishing structure to connect with the second end of the melt.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, the shunt includes a first connector, a resistor, and a second connector connected in sequence; a second end of the first connector extends through the first opening, and a second end of the second connector extends through the second opening.

[0017] As can be seen, the high-current smart fuse for energy storage systems in this application includes a housing, a shunt, an ignition device, and a control unit. The housing has a first opening and a second opening. The shunt is disposed in the housing, with its two ends extending from the first opening and the second opening, respectively. The shunt is used to detect the current value in the main circuit. The shunt also has a weak point. The ignition device is disposed on the inner wall of the housing aligned with the weak point. The control unit is connected to the shunt and is used to acquire the voltage value corresponding to the current value on the shunt, and send a control signal to the ignition device when the voltage value exceeds a preset value. A sealing structure is provided between the weak point and the ignition device to seal the ignition device and the weak point. When the ignition device receives the control signal, it triggers an detonation mechanism to disconnect the weak point. In this way, by setting a shunt on the conductor, the local current is reduced while the corresponding voltage signal is obtained in real time through the control unit. When the voltage signal exceeds the preset value, a control signal is sent directly to the ignition device, so that the smart fuse can quickly cut off the main circuit when a circuit abnormality occurs. This avoids the slow response of traditional fuses and the problem of contactor contact sticking in the combination scheme of "contactor and traditional fuse". Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of smart fuse provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of smart fuse provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of shunt structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second type of shunt structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of smart fuse provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth type of smart fuse provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatuses.

[0022] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0023] Currently, the energy tolerance of energy storage transformers is much lower than the breaking capacity of traditional fuses. Applying traditional fuses to high-current energy storage systems can easily lead to IGBT damage. In the "contactor + fuse" combination, when the fault current is between the contactor's tolerance limit and the fuse's operating threshold, neither can effectively cut off the circuit, creating a protection blind zone and becoming a fire hazard.

[0024] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a high-current smart fuse for energy storage systems. This high-current smart fuse can be applied to high-current energy storage systems. By incorporating a shunt on the conductor, the local current is reduced while the control unit acquires the corresponding voltage signal in real time. When the voltage signal exceeds a preset value, a control signal is directly sent to the ignition device. This allows the smart fuse to quickly disconnect the main circuit in case of a circuit malfunction, avoiding the slow response of traditional fuses and the contactor contact sticking problem in the combination of contactor and traditional fuse. This solution is applicable to various scenarios, including but not limited to the applications mentioned above.

[0025] The specific plan will be described in detail below.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-6 This application provides a high-current smart fuse for an energy storage system, including a housing, a shunt, an ignition device 30, and a control unit. The housing has a first opening and a second opening. The shunt is disposed in the housing, and its two ends extend out from the first opening and the second opening, respectively. The shunt is used to detect the current value in the main circuit; The splitter is also provided with a weak part 21, and the ignition device 30 is provided on the inner wall of the housing aligned with the weak part 21; The control unit is connected to the shunt and is used to obtain the voltage value corresponding to the current value on the shunt, and send a control signal to the ignition device 30 when the voltage value exceeds a preset value. A sealing structure 22 is provided between the weak part 21 and the ignition device 30, and the sealing structure 22 seals the ignition device 30 and the weak part 21. When the ignition device 30 receives the control signal, it triggers the detonation mechanism to disconnect the weak part 21.

[0027] Specifically, existing smart fuses have achieved significant technological breakthroughs in millisecond-level breaking capacity and strong current surge resistance, making them more advantageous for application in energy storage systems. However, the rated current of most commonly used smart fuses is below 600A, and their breaking capacity is generally in the tens of kA, far from meeting the application requirements of energy storage systems. Based on this, this application adds a shunt, forming multiple parallel circuits on the shunt. The sum of the currents in the parallel circuits equals the main circuit current. Therefore, in this embodiment, the conductor in the existing smart fuse is replaced with a shunt, which is used as a component connected in series between the smart fuse and the main circuit. This improves the smart fuse's response speed to abnormal current changes, resulting in the smart fuse described in this application embodiment.

[0028] By increasing the rated current of the smart fuse in this embodiment, the smart fuse can be applied in high-current scenarios. At the same time, the control unit obtains the corresponding voltage signal on the shunt in real time, and sends a control signal directly to the ignition device 30 when the voltage signal exceeds the preset value. This enables the smart fuse to quickly cut off the main circuit when a circuit abnormality occurs, avoiding the problem of contactor contact sticking in the combination scheme of "contactor and traditional fuse" due to the slow response of traditional fuses.

[0029] In one example, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shunt may also include a first connector 23, a resistor 25, and a second connector 24 connected in sequence. The resistor 25 can be integrally formed with the first connector 23 and the second connector 24. The overall width of the shunt increases, which also increases the width of the resistor 25. Since the resistance of the resistor 25 decreases as the cross-sectional area increases, it is known that the resistance of the resistor 25 will decrease after the width of the resistor 25 increases. According to Ohm's law, the current that can flow through the shunt increases, and based on this, the rated current of the smart fuse is increased.

[0030] Optionally, the resistor 25 can be made of a manganese copper alloy with low magnetic permeability. The manganese copper alloy has the characteristics of high precision, low temperature coefficient, high stability and high reliability. In addition, the resistor 25 can also be made of other materials as long as it can achieve the current shunting function and meet the working requirements of high current scenarios, while also meeting the characteristics of high precision, low temperature coefficient, high stability and high reliability. There is no unique limitation here.

[0031] The first connector 23 and the second connector 24 can be made of highly conductive copper or other conductive materials, preferably silver-plated (alternatively, no plating or plating of other materials may be used) to reduce contact resistance during installation and minimize skin effect losses caused by high-frequency current, indirectly suppressing radio frequency radiation. Furthermore, the second end of the first connector 23 extends from the first opening to form a first terminal, and the second end of the second connector 24 extends from the second opening to form a second terminal. The smart fuse is connected in series in the main circuit via the first and second terminals to protect the corresponding circuit. The resistor 25 is connected to the first and second terminals via an electron beam welding process, resulting in a low thermoelectric potential, power coefficient, and inductance.

[0032] In one example, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The splitter includes a first connector 23, a second connector 24, and at least one sub-splitter 29, wherein the two ends of the at least one sub-splitter 29 are respectively connected to the first end of the first connector 23 and the first end of the second connector 24.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, one or more sub-shunts 29 can be connected to the first connector 23 and the second connector 24 respectively to form one or more parallel circuits. One or more parallel circuits can reduce the current in the main circuit of each parallel circuit to a range that existing smart fuses can withstand. Through this structural adjustment, the smart fuse of this embodiment is obtained. With the smart fuse of this embodiment, while reducing local current, the control unit obtains the corresponding voltage signal on the shunt in real time. When the voltage signal exceeds a preset value, a control signal is directly sent to the ignition device 30, thereby enabling the smart fuse to quickly cut off the main circuit when a circuit abnormality occurs. This avoids the slow response of traditional fuses and the problem of contactor contact sticking in the combination scheme of "contactor and traditional fuse".

[0034] Optionally, the weak point 21 is provided on the first connector 23, corresponding to the position of the ignition device 30.

[0035] Furthermore, a sealing structure 22 is provided between the weak part 21 and the ignition device 30, and the sealing structure 22 seals the ignition device 30 and the weak part 21.

[0036] Specifically, a small gap is set between the weak part 21 (or the shunt) and the ignition device 30, which can be a few centimeters or even less than one centimeter, so that the force generated by the ignition device 30 after triggering can directly act on the weak part 21. The sealing structure 22 between the weak part 21 and the ignition device 30 can be a sealing ring, which surrounds the weak part 21 and the ignition device 30, filling the space between them and forming a buffer space 31 in the middle of the sealing ring.

[0037] When the ignition device 30 is triggered, on the one hand, the ignition device 30 includes a metal casing. The metal casing that explodes in the structure of the ignition device 30 opens outward, pushing the broken weak part 21 downward. On the other hand, due to the sealing effect of the sealing ring, the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 30 will directly act on the broken weak part 21, thereby pushing the weak part 21 to break and fall downward into the receiving cavity 121 in the second housing 12, while also dispersing the electric arc. The arc-extinguishing adhesive applied around the fracture can also extinguish the electric arc generated at the fracture under high pressure. Optionally, the sealing ring can be circular, elliptical, or square, and its material can be silicone or rubber, etc., without being uniquely limited.

[0038] In one example, the weak part 21 is provided with at least one thinning part, which forms a groove relative to other parts on the first connector 23. The shape of the groove can be V-shaped or other shapes, and is not limited to a single shape.

[0039] Furthermore, a first arc-extinguishing medium 221, which can be an arc-extinguishing colloid, can be filled into the groove to make it flat. This shortens the distance between the groove and the ignition device 30, allowing the force generated after the ignition device 30 is triggered to directly act on the weak part 21. Alternatively, a sealing film with a thickness of 1mm-6mm, or a similar sheet, can be pasted onto the groove opening of the weak part 21. The width of the sealing film can be slightly larger than the width of the weak part 21. The sealing film can seal and extinguish the arc caused by insufficient insulation distance during cutting in the width direction, thereby quickly extinguishing the arc at the break point and reducing the total arc energy of the product.

[0040] In one example, the ignition device 30 can be integrally formed into the first housing 11 using an insert-molding process; or a limiting hole can be provided in the housing, and then the ignition device 30 can be attached to the limiting hole on the first housing 11. The bottom surface of the ignition device 30 can be inside the limiting hole or at the same height as the limiting hole.

[0041] In one possible embodiment, the high-current smart fuse for an energy storage system further includes an arc-extinguishing structure 60 and / or a breaking element 50. In one example, a high-current smart fuse for an energy storage system may include an arc-extinguishing structure 60 disposed outside the housing, the arc-extinguishing structure 60 including a fusible element 61 connected in parallel to the shunt.

[0042] In a specific implementation, the arc-extinguishing structure 60 can be a ceramic tube fuse that meets the breaking capacity and maximum arc energy requirements of the protected circuit. This fuse (arc-extinguishing structure 60) is connected in parallel on both sides of the first connector 23 and the second connector 24 of the shunt. Specifically, the fuse includes a third housing and a fusible element 61, which is disposed in the third housing. The two ends of the fusible element 61 are respectively connected to the first connector 23 and the second connector 24 of the shunt. The fusible element 61 serves to transfer the current to itself and melt and consume the arc after the weak point of the break is broken.

[0043] In one possible embodiment, the housing has a first through hole and a second through hole; the two ends of the melt 61 pass through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively into the interior of the housing and are connected in parallel with the distributor.

[0044] In a specific implementation, the third housing has a third opening and a fourth opening, through which the two ends of the fusible element 61 protrude to form a first connecting terminal 65 and a second connecting terminal 66, respectively. The first connecting terminal 65 and the second connecting terminal 66 serve to lead part of the fusible element 61 to the outside of the fuse, and the fusible element 61 is connected to the first connecting member 23 and the second connecting member 24 through the first connecting terminal 65 and the second connecting terminal 66, respectively.

[0045] Optionally, the first connecting terminal 65 and the second connecting terminal 66 can be inserted into the housing of the smart fuse through the first through hole and the second through hole, respectively, and connected to the first connecting member 23 and the second connecting member 24 in the housing. The first connecting terminal 65 and the second connecting terminal 66 can be fixed to the first connecting member 23 and the second connecting member 24 by welding, screw assembly, or other methods.

[0046] Optionally, a first fixing part and a second fixing part can be formed on the walls of the first through hole and the second through hole, and a first mating part and a second mating part can be formed on the first connecting terminal 65 and the second connecting terminal 66. After the first connecting terminal 65 is connected to the first connecting member 23, a screw assembly can be inserted into the first fixing part and the first mating part to fix the first connecting terminal 65 and the first connecting member 23; similarly, after the second connecting terminal 66 is connected to the second connecting member 24, a screw assembly can be inserted into the second fixing part and the second mating part to fix the second connecting terminal 66 and the second connecting member 24.

[0047] In one possible embodiment, please continue reading Figure 1 The first connecting terminal 65 has a third fixing part 67 at its end away from the melt, and the second connecting terminal 66 has a fourth fixing part 68 at its end away from the melt. A third mating part and a fourth mating part (not labeled in the figure) are provided in the housing. When the first connecting terminal 65 and the second connecting terminal 66 are respectively inserted into the first through hole and the second through hole, the first connecting terminal 65 and the second connecting terminal 66 are fixed in the housing by the third fixing part 67 engaging with the third mating part and by the fourth fixing part 68 engaging with the fourth mating part. Simultaneously, the third fixing part 67 and the fourth fixing part 68 are connected to the distributor, further improving the stability of the melt. Optionally, the third fixing part 67 and the fourth fixing part 68 can be protrusions extending in a specific direction, and the third mating part and the fourth mating part can be grooves with opening directions opposite to the extending directions of the third fixing part 67 and the fourth fixing part 68; conversely, the third fixing part 67 and the fourth fixing part 68 can be grooves, and the third mating part and the fourth mating part can be protrusions; or other structures that can cooperate and fix each other are not limited here.

[0048] In one possible embodiment, the housing includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12, and a first through hole and a second through hole may be provided on the second housing 12.

[0049] In one example, a high-current smart fuse for an energy storage system may include a break member 50 disposed between the shunt and the ignition device 30, and the break member 50 having at least one cutting portion 51 at one end near the shunt for cutting off the weak portion 21.

[0050] In a specific implementation, the end of the punch 50 near the shunt is provided with a cutting part 51. The cutting part 51 is V-shaped, U-shaped or other protrusions with the same function, so that the shape of the punch 50 can be adapted to the shape of the groove in the weak part 21. The punch 50 is placed above the groove of the weak part 21, so that the punch 50 can accurately cut the weak part 21 when pushed by the high pressure gas of the ignition device 30, thereby cutting off the protected main circuit and improving the reliability of the smart fuse in this embodiment.

[0051] In one possible embodiment, the high-current smart fuse for the energy storage system may further include a seal 52; wherein, when the seal 52 is provided, a groove is provided on the outer wall of the fuse 50, and the seal 52 is disposed in the groove.

[0052] In practice, a groove can be provided on the punched part 50. This groove can be an annular groove or a strip-shaped groove (such as a cube, cylinder, etc.). Then, a sealing element 52 is provided, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the groove (i.e., it can be a cube, cylinder, annular, etc.). The sealing element 52 is used to accommodate in the groove to improve the sealing performance of the guide tube 80. The material of the sealing element 52 can be silicone, rubber, or other materials with the same or similar properties.

[0053] In one possible embodiment, the inside of the housing is coated with a sealing layer 90, which is adhered to the inner wall of the housing. The ignition device 30 and the punching member 50 are both adhered to the sealing layer 90.

[0054] Specifically, the housing is made of high-temperature resistant engineering plastic material, such as PPS+40% glass fiber, PA66+30% glass fiber, PARA+40% glass fiber, etc., without specifying a unique material. The ignition device 30 is fixed in the third opening on the housing through the sealing layer 90, and a limiting design (limiting hole) is used to prevent the ignition device 30 from being pushed out of the surface of the first housing 11 by the high-pressure gas generated by its explosion.

[0055] Optionally, the sealing layer 90 is formed by coating the inside of the housing with a material including but not limited to sealant. The sealing layer 90 is adhesive and can adhere the ignition device 30 to the housing while improving the sealing of the third opening.

[0056] In one possible embodiment, a buffer space 31 is provided between the ignition device 30 and the break member 50. The buffer space 31 is used to accommodate a sufficient amount of high-pressure gas when the ignition device 30 generates high-pressure gas, so that the high-pressure gas has sufficient thrust to move the break member 50.

[0057] In one possible embodiment, the high-current smart fuse for the energy storage system may further include a guide tube 80, which is sleeved on the punch 50 and attached to the sealing layer 90.

[0058] In practice, an interval is provided between the ignition device 30 and the distributor, and the impact member 50 is disposed within this interval. The guide tube 80 is sleeved on the impact member 50. A through cavity is provided in the guide tube 80, one end of which is connected to the ignition device 30, and the other end is connected to the distributor, so that the guide tube 80 provides a movement channel for the impact member. Specifically, the guide tube 80 is used to confine the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device 30 within the through cavity to prevent leakage of the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device 30. The cross-section of the guide tube 80 can be circular, elliptical, square, or other shapes, and is not limited to a single shape.

[0059] In one possible embodiment, the housing may include a first housing 11 and a second housing 12, wherein the first housing 11 is provided with the third opening, which is a through hole and its shape is adapted to the ignition device 30.

[0060] Specifically, both the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 can be made of high-temperature resistant engineering plastics, such as PPS+40% glass fiber, PA66+30% glass fiber, PARA+40% glass fiber, etc., without making a unique limitation here.

[0061] In the specific implementation, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are formed by pressing each other together during the manufacturing process. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are pressed tightly onto the first terminal and the second terminal, ensuring that the ignition device 30 is located directly above the sealing ring or sealing sheet on the disconnected weak part 21, and pressing the sealing ring tightly onto the second connector 24.

[0062] The first opening is distributed on the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. That is, the first opening can only be formed after the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are combined together. Similarly, the second opening is also distributed on the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. The second opening can only be formed after the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are combined together. Optionally, the first opening and the second opening can be distributed only on the first housing 11 or the second housing 12, or one opening can be located on the first housing 11 and the other opening can be located on the second housing 12. This can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and there is no unique limitation here.

[0063] In one example, the third opening can be provided in either the first housing 11 or the second housing 12. Taking the third opening being provided in the first housing 11 as an example, a through hole is formed in the shell wall of the first housing 11 as the third opening. Optionally, a sealing layer 90 can be coated in the third opening, so that when the ignition device 30 is provided in the third opening, the ignition device 30 can be adhered to the third opening through the sealing layer 90.

[0064] Furthermore, the housing includes one or more of a first cavity 15, a second cavity 16, and a shielding layer 17 disposed therein.

[0065] In one example, the housing includes a first cavity 15 for accommodating a heat dissipation device to assist the heat dissipation of the splitter; in a specific implementation, a heat dissipation device for assisting the heat dissipation of the splitter, such as a heat sink or a fan, can be provided in the first cavity 15 in the second housing 12 to reduce the temperature rise of the product.

[0066] In one example, the housing includes a second cavity 16 for housing the control unit. When the control unit is located in the second cavity 16, it can be directly connected to the current acquisition point of the shunt in the housing, so that the control function can be directly integrated into the smart fuse without the need for an external control unit, thereby improving the intelligence and convenience of the smart fuse.

[0067] In one example, a shielding layer 17 is also provided in the housing, which is located outside the shunt to shield against external electrical signal interference. Specifically, the shielding layer 17 may include a shielding frame and a shielding copper foil. To reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the shunt's detection accuracy, a shielding frame made of permalloy is provided on the upper part of the shunt to absorb low-frequency magnetic fields. A layer of adhesive-backed shielding copper foil can also be provided on the outside of the shielding frame. On the one hand, the adhesive isolates the copper foil from the permalloy cover, preventing electrochemical corrosion caused by direct contact. On the other hand, the copper foil, with its high conductivity (conductivity ≈ 5.96 × 10⁻⁶), provides additional protection. 7 The skin effect (S / m) and the ability to attenuate electromagnetic waves through reflection and absorption at high frequencies (such as 1 GHz) make the product suitable for mixed field environments.

[0068] It is understood that the shielding layer 17 is disposed in the second cavity 16. When a control unit is disposed in the housing, the shielding layer 17 is disposed between the control unit and the splitter. When no control unit is disposed in the housing, the shielding layer 17 is disposed on the splitter.

[0069] In one possible embodiment, the control unit is disposed in the first housing 11, on top of the shielding layer 17 above the shunt, for detecting the current signal on both sides of the resistor 25 of the shunt, and issuing a trigger signal to ignite the ignition device 30 when the current signal exceeds a set threshold.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, the second end of the first connector 23 protrudes from the first opening and extends to the outer wall of the arc-extinguishing structure 60 to connect with the first end of the melt 61; the second end of the second connector 24 protrudes from the second opening and extends to the outer wall of the arc-extinguishing structure 60 to connect with the second end of the melt 61.

[0071] In a specific implementation, the arc extinguishing structure 60 includes a third shell and a melt 61. The third shell has a third opening and a fourth opening. The two ends of the melt 61 pass through the third opening and the fourth opening respectively. The two ends of the melt 61 are flush with the outer wall of the third shell or inside the third opening.

[0072] Specifically, the first connecting member 23 extends from the first terminal and the second terminal toward the location of the arc-extinguishing structure 60 to form a first connecting arm 261 and a second connecting arm 271, respectively, and the arc-extinguishing structure 60 is connected and fixed by the first connecting arm 261 and the second connecting arm 271. For example, the first connecting arm 261 can be connected to the first end of the melt 61, and the second connecting arm 271 can be connected to the second end of the melt 61. In this way, the melt 61 can become an extension of the distributor. Since the melt 61 traverses the third housing, the melt 61 fixes the third housing to the bottom of the second housing 12 (the bottom of the second housing 12 refers to the impact direction of the punch 50 or the high-pressure gas movement direction of the ignition device 30) on the outer wall.

[0073] For example, when the arc-extinguishing structure 60 is disposed on one side of the bottom outer wall of the second housing 12, a first limiting part 262 and a second limiting part 272 can be respectively provided on the first connecting arm 261 and the second connecting arm 271. The first limiting part 262 and the second limiting part 272 are disposed on the bottom outer wall of the second housing 12 so that a third cavity is formed between the first connecting member 23 and the second connecting member 24, and the second housing 12 is covered in the third cavity. In this way, the shunt, the second housing 12 and the arc-extinguishing structure 60 are integrated into one unit, improving the overall structural strength of the smart fuse.

[0074] In one possible embodiment, a filling layer 18 is provided between the shielding layer 17 and the shunt, the filling layer 18 being used to dissipate heat from the shunt. Specifically, the filling layer 18 between the shielding layer 17 and the shunt includes a functional phase, the material of which is such as thermally conductive silicone ester or polytetrafluoroethylene, to prevent short circuits in the main circuit and enhance heat dissipation of the shunt, preventing localized overheating that could lead to shunt failure, and also reducing the impact of temperature on the shunt's accuracy.

[0075] In one possible embodiment, the arc-extinguishing structure 60 is provided with an arc-extinguishing cavity, the main body of the melt 61 is disposed in the arc-extinguishing cavity, and the arc-extinguishing cavity is filled with a second arc-extinguishing medium.

[0076] In practice, the fuse is filled with a second arc-extinguishing medium that can extinguish the electric arc. This second arc-extinguishing medium includes, but is not limited to, one or more of quartz sand, arc-extinguishing colloid, and arc-extinguishing solid.

[0077] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of variations or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and alterations can be made, including combinations of the different functions and implementation steps described above, as well as software and hardware implementation methods, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high current intelligent fuse for an energy storage system, characterized by, The device includes a housing, a distributor, an ignition device, and a control unit. The housing has a first opening and a second opening. The distributor is disposed in the housing, and its two ends extend out from the first opening and the second opening, respectively. The shunt is used to detect the current value in the main circuit; The splitter is also provided with a weak part, and the ignition device is provided on the inner wall of the housing aligned with the weak part. The control unit is connected to the shunt and is used to obtain the voltage value corresponding to the current value on the shunt, and send a control signal to the ignition device when the voltage value exceeds a preset value. A sealing structure is provided between the weak part and the ignition device, and the sealing structure seals the ignition device and the weak part. When the ignition device receives the control signal, it triggers the detonation mechanism to disconnect the weak point.

2. The high current intelligent fuse for an energy storage system of claim 1, wherein, The housing is provided with one or more of the following: a first cavity, a second cavity, and a shielding layer; wherein... The first cavity is used to house a heat dissipation device that assists in the heat dissipation of the splitter; The second cavity is used to house the control unit; The shielding layer is disposed outside the shunt to shield against external electrical signal interference.

3. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, A filling layer is provided between the shielding layer and the splitter, and the filling layer is used to dissipate heat from the splitter.

4. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes arc-extinguishing structures and / or break-through components; among which, The arc-extinguishing structure is disposed outside the housing, and the arc-extinguishing structure includes a melt, which is connected in parallel to the distributor. The punching member is disposed between the distributor and the ignition device, and at least one cutting portion is provided at one end of the punching member near the distributor, the cutting portion being used to cut off the weak portion.

5. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shell has a first through hole and a second through hole; the two ends of the melt pass through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively into the interior of the shell and are connected in parallel with the distributor.

6. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing is coated with a sealing layer, which is adhered to the inner wall of the housing. The ignition device and the punching component are both adhered to the sealing layer.

7. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes guide tubes and / or seals; wherein, The guide tube is sleeved on the punched part and attached to the sealing layer inside the housing; When a seal is provided, a groove is provided on the outer wall of the punch, and the seal is disposed in the groove.

8. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arc-extinguishing structure includes an arc-extinguishing cavity, the main body of the molten material is disposed in the arc-extinguishing cavity, and the arc-extinguishing cavity is filled with a second arc-extinguishing medium.

9. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The diverter includes a first connector, a second connector, and at least one sub-diverter. The two ends of the at least one sub-diverter are respectively connected to the first end of the first connector and the first end of the second connector. The second end of the first connector extends through the first opening and reaches the outer wall of the arc-extinguishing structure to connect with the first end of the melt. The second end of the second connector extends through the second opening and reaches the outer wall of the arc-extinguishing structure to connect with the second end of the melt.

10. The high-current intelligent fuse for energy storage systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shunt includes a first connector, a resistor, and a second connector connected in sequence; the second end of the first connector protrudes from the first opening, and the second end of the second connector protrudes from the second opening.

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