Optical metamaterial fiber coating and coating compounding process thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of paint coatings, and discloses an optical metamaterial fiber coating and a coating compounding process thereof. Comprising a substrate layer, an infrared stealth layer, a wave-transparent layer, a radar stealth layer, a coupling layer and a surface layer which are sequentially compounded, the thicknesses of the substrate layer, the infrared stealth coating, the wave-transparent layer, the radar stealth layer, the coupling layer and the surface layer are 10 [mu] m-1 mm, 10 [mu] m-1 mm, 10 [mu] m-1 mm, 10 mm-30 mm, 0.1 mm-1 mm and 10 [mu] m-1 mm respectively. The coating solution is uniformly sprayed on the surface of an object to be coated through compressed air or gas, and the spraying thickness and speed are controlled to ensure the uniformity. And by adopting a multi-layer coating design, each layer has a specific function. One layer is used for infrared stealth, and the other layer is used for radar stealth, so that different properties can be realized in different wave bands, and the optical metamaterial has radar and infrared dual-stealth functions at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of coatings, and more specifically to an optical metamaterial fiber coating and its coating composite process. Background Technology

[0002] Metamaterials are artificially manufactured materials possessing properties not found in natural materials, such as negative refractive index and superlens effects. Metamaterials can be applied to stealth technology; by designing and manufacturing metamaterials with specific optical properties, effects such as bending, absorbing, and reflecting light waves can be achieved, thus making objects invisible under light. Metamaterial stealth technology has broad application prospects, not only in the military field but also in civilian fields, such as invisible cars and invisible buildings.

[0003] The principle of stealth technology lies in controlling and manipulating the propagation and reflection characteristics of electromagnetic waves to make objects appear undetectable to radar, infrared, or other electromagnetic wave detectors, thus achieving stealth. The core of stealth technology lies in using metamaterials and special structural designs to directionally reflect, absorb, or scatter electromagnetic waves, making objects difficult to detect. However, radar stealth is based on the absorption principle, reducing the reflection of radar waves from the target surface to achieve radar stealth, while infrared stealth primarily increases the reflectivity of the object's surface, utilizing the principle of reflecting infrared light to achieve infrared stealth.

[0004] Therefore, the contradiction between radar stealth and infrared stealth in their implementation principles makes the preparation of materials with both radar and infrared stealth capabilities extremely challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an optical metamaterial fiber coating and its coating composite process. By adopting a multi-layer coating design, each layer has a specific function. One layer is used for infrared stealth, and another layer is used for radar stealth. This allows different properties to be achieved in different wavebands, enabling the optical metamaterial to have both radar and infrared dual stealth capabilities.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an optical metamaterial fiber coating comprising, sequentially composited, a substrate layer, an infrared stealth layer, a wave-transmitting layer, a radar stealth layer, a coupling layer, and a surface layer;

[0007] The thicknesses of the substrate layer, infrared stealth coating, wave-transmitting layer, radar stealth layer, coupling layer, and surface layer are 10μm-1mm, 10μm-1mm, 10μm-1mm, 10mm-30mm, 0.1mm-1mm, and 10μm-1mm, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the base layer is a polymer base layer of polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate.

[0009] Preferably, the infrared stealth layer is a polymethyl methacrylate base layer containing iron oxide nanoparticles and a stealth coating layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for preparing the stealth coating includes the following steps:

[0011] (1) After thoroughly wetting the vacuum glass microspheres and carbon nanotubes with siloxane coupling agent, let them stand for more than 20 hours to obtain material 1, which is ready for use.

[0012] (2) Disperse the mixture of hydroxyl acrylic resin, nano titanium dioxide, nano barium sulfate, ceramic powder, xylene and butyl acetate to below 20 μm using ultrasonication to obtain material 2, which is ready for use.

[0013] (3) Add material 1 to material 2 and disperse it at 500 r / min for 2 h to obtain material 3 for later use;

[0014] (4) Mix the prepared material 3 and biuret evenly at a weight ratio of 20:1 to obtain the stealth coating.

[0015] Preferably, by mass parts, the vacuum glass microspheres consist of 3-6 parts, carbon nanotubes 10-15 parts, siloxane coupling agent 1-3 parts, hydroxyl acrylic resin 30-70 parts, nano titanium dioxide 2-5 parts, nano barium sulfate 2-5 parts, ceramic powder 4-6 parts, and a mixture of xylene and butyl acetate 3-5 parts.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of the xylene to butyl acetate mixture is 1:1.

[0017] Preferably, the wave-transparent layer matrix is ​​composed of polyethylene fibers.

[0018] Preferably, the radar stealth layer comprises copper, silver, or gold nanoparticles, and the coupling layer comprises a polymer matrix of silver oxide particles.

[0019] Preferably, by mass fraction, the surface layer comprises 50-65 parts of polycarbonate, 5-10 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, and 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.

[0020] The second objective of this invention is to provide a coating composite process for optical metamaterial fiber coatings. The specific steps are as follows: prepare spraying equipment and coating solution, put the coating solution into the sprayer, and spray the coating solution evenly onto the surface of the object to be coated by compressed air or gas, and control the thickness and speed of spraying to ensure uniformity.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The infrared stealth coating of this invention can reduce the infrared radiation of the entire coating system, and the radar stealth layer adopts a radar-absorbing material layer with wide-band radar wave shielding performance, thereby achieving dual stealth of radar stealth and infrared stealth.

[0023] This invention uses a transparent polymer material as a substrate, which provides transparency, making it difficult to detect in the optical band. The infrared stealth coating has a strong stealth effect. The resulting coating has strong adhesion to the substrate, good impact and wear resistance, high wave absorption capacity, low surface density, light weight, and high bonding strength, reducing the reflection of infrared light, thereby achieving the infrared stealth effect. The presence of the coupling layer helps to optimize the interaction between different layers. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides a coating method for optical metamaterial fiber coatings, including preparing a spraying device and a coating solution, placing the coating solution into a sprayer, and uniformly spraying the coating solution onto the surface of the object to be coated by compressed air or gas, and controlling the spraying thickness and speed to ensure uniformity.

[0026] Furthermore, specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. Polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate are dissolved in dimethylformamide and coated onto a clean optical metamaterial surface to form a uniform thin film. The film is then cured by heat treatment in a vacuum or nitrogen atmosphere to form a base layer.

[0028] S2. Disperse iron oxide nanoparticles in a transparent polymethyl methacrylate matrix, coat the mixture onto the substrate, cure it with ultraviolet light, then coat it with a stealth coating, and heat-cur it to form an infrared stealth layer.

[0029] S3. Disperse polyethylene fibers in a polymethyl methacrylate matrix, coat them onto the infrared stealth layer, and cure them under ultraviolet light to form a wave-transparent layer.

[0030] S4. Prepare a solution containing copper, silver or gold nanoparticles, coat it on the surface of the wave-transparent layer to form a radar stealth layer, and solidify the metal nanostructure through chemical reduction.

[0031] S5. Prepare a solution containing silver oxide, coat it on the surface of the radar stealth layer to form a coupling layer, and then solidify it through chemical cross-linking.

[0032] S6. Mix polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate in an appropriate ratio, add polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether as a crosslinking agent, stir evenly at room temperature, apply the coating solution to the coupling layer, dry and cure to obtain the surface layer.

[0033] Example 1: A method for preparing a stealth coating

[0034] (1) After thoroughly wetting the vacuum glass microspheres and carbon nanotubes with siloxane coupling agent, material 1 is obtained and set aside;

[0035] (2) Disperse the mixture of hydroxyl acrylic resin, nano titanium dioxide, nano barium sulfate, ceramic powder, xylene and butyl acetate to below 20 μm using ultrasonication to obtain material 2, which is ready for use.

[0036] (3) Add material 1 to material 2 and disperse for 2 hours at 500 rpm to obtain material 3 for later use;

[0037] (4) Mix the prepared material 3 and biuret evenly at a weight ratio of 20:1 to obtain the stealth coating.

[0038] By mass, the composition includes 3 parts vacuum glass microspheres, 12 parts carbon nanotubes, 1 part siloxane coupling agent, 40 parts hydroxyl acrylic resin, 2 parts nano titanium dioxide, 2 parts nano barium sulfate, 4 parts ceramic powder, and 3 parts a mixture of xylene and butyl acetate (1:1).

[0039] Example 2: A method for preparing a stealth coating

[0040] (1) After thoroughly wetting the vacuum glass microspheres and carbon nanotubes with siloxane coupling agent, material 1 is obtained and set aside;

[0041] (2) Disperse the mixture of hydroxyl acrylic resin, nano titanium dioxide, nano barium sulfate, ceramic powder, xylene and butyl acetate to below 20 μm using ultrasonication to obtain material 2, which is ready for use.

[0042] (3) Add material 1 to material 2 and disperse for 2 hours at 500 rpm to obtain material 3 for later use;

[0043] (4) Mix the prepared material 3 and biuret evenly at a weight ratio of 20:1 to obtain the stealth coating.

[0044] By mass fraction, the vacuum glass microspheres consist of 5 parts, carbon nanotubes 12 parts, siloxane coupling agent 1 part, hydroxyl acrylic resin 50 parts, nano titanium dioxide 2 parts, nano barium sulfate 2 parts, ceramic powder 4 parts, and a mixture of xylene and butyl acetate (1:1) 3 parts.

[0045] Example 3: A method for preparing a stealth coating

[0046] (1) After thoroughly wetting the vacuum glass microspheres and carbon nanotubes with siloxane coupling agent, material 1 is obtained and set aside;

[0047] (2) Disperse the mixture of hydroxyl acrylic resin, nano titanium dioxide, nano barium sulfate, ceramic powder, xylene and butyl acetate to below 20 μm using ultrasonication to obtain material 2, which is ready for use.

[0048] (3) Add material 1 to material 2 and disperse for 2 hours at 500 rpm to obtain material 3 for later use;

[0049] (4) Mix the prepared material 3 and biuret evenly at a weight ratio of 20:1 to obtain the stealth coating.

[0050] By mass, the composition includes 6 parts vacuum glass microspheres, 10 parts carbon nanotubes, 3 parts siloxane coupling agent, 40 parts hydroxyl acrylic resin, 4 parts nano titanium dioxide, 3 parts nano barium sulfate, 4 parts ceramic powder, and 4 parts a mixture of xylene and butyl acetate (1:1).

[0051] Experiment 1

[0052] Using the coating method of the optical metamaterial coating of the present invention, dual stealth optical metamaterials were prepared with the stealth coatings obtained in Examples 1, 2 and 3 respectively, with other preparation conditions being the same. The temperature difference between the coating surface and the heating stage at different thermal temperatures was recorded using an infrared thermal imager.

[0053] When the heating platform is at 58.8℃, the temperatures of the infrared stealth coatings corresponding to Examples 1, 2, and 3 are 53.8℃, 52.2℃, and 52.1℃, respectively; when the heating platform is at 109.8℃, the temperatures of the infrared stealth coatings corresponding to Examples 1, 2, and 3 are 95.2℃, 97.7℃, and 96.9℃, respectively; when the heating platform is at 165.6℃, the temperatures of the infrared stealth coatings corresponding to Examples 1, 2, and 3 are 147.9℃, 139.4℃, 141.4℃, and 143.7℃, respectively. The infrared stealth coating materials of Examples 1, 2, and 3 exhibit good infrared stealth performance.

[0054] According to the radar absorbing material reflectivity test method of GJB2038A-2011, the stealth material product with laser and radar compatibility prepared by the method of this invention was tested. The results show that the reflectivity is greater than -4dB at most in the 4-12GHz range, which can effectively achieve radar stealth.

[0055] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An optical metamaterial fiber coating, characterized in that, It includes a substrate layer, an infrared stealth layer, a wave-transparent layer, a radar stealth layer, a coupling layer, and a surface layer, which are sequentially combined. The thicknesses of the substrate layer, infrared stealth coating, wave-transmitting layer, radar stealth layer, coupling layer, and surface layer are 10μm-1mm, 10μm-1mm, 10μm-1mm, 10mm-30mm, 0.1mm-1mm, and 10μm-1mm, respectively.

2. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base layer is a polymer base layer of polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate.

3. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared stealth layer consists of a polymethyl methacrylate base layer containing iron oxide nanoparticles and a stealth coating layer.

4. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the stealth coating includes the following steps: (1) Thoroughly wet the vacuum glass microspheres and carbon nanotubes with siloxane coupling agent to obtain material 1, which is ready for use; (2) Disperse the mixture of hydroxyl acrylic resin, nano titanium dioxide, nano barium sulfate, ceramic powder, xylene and butyl acetate to below 20 μm using ultrasonication to obtain material 2, which is ready for use. (3) Add material 1 to material 2 and disperse it at 500 r / min for 2 h to obtain material 3 for later use; (4) Mix the prepared material 3 and biuret evenly at a weight ratio of 20:1 to obtain the stealth coating.

5. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, By mass fraction, the vacuum glass microspheres consist of 3-6 parts, carbon nanotubes 10-15 parts, siloxane coupling agent 1-3 parts, hydroxyl acrylic resin 30-70 parts, nano titanium dioxide 2-5 parts, nano barium sulfate 2-5 parts, ceramic powder 4-6 parts, and a mixture of xylene and butyl acetate 3-5 parts.

6. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the xylene to butyl acetate mixture is 1:

1.

7. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent layer matrix is ​​composed of polyethylene fibers.

8. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radar stealth layer comprises copper, silver, or gold nanoparticles, and the coupling layer comprises a polymer matrix of silver oxide particles.

9. The optical metamaterial fiber coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, By mass fraction, the surface layer comprises 50-65 parts of polycarbonate, 5-10 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, and 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.

10. A coating composite process for optical metamaterial fiber coatings, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: prepare the spraying equipment and coating solution, put the coating solution into the sprayer, and spray the coating solution evenly onto the surface of the object to be coated by compressed air or gas, and control the thickness and speed of spraying to ensure uniformity.