Front wave beam adaptive matching light beam system, wave beam switching method, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a front beambeam adaptive matching light beam system, a beam switching method, equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of mobile communication, the system comprises at least one transceiver, and the transceiver comprises: a light beam switching device generates alternative front beambeams; the light beam controller receives and processes the coupled light signals and divides a turbulence stable period into an optimization stage and an optimal beam light beam working stage, the optimization stage finds an optimal beam by polling alternative frontal beams and enters the optimal beam light beam working stage, and when the difference between the average light power and the light power baseline is identified to be greater than a threshold value, the optimal beam light beam working stage enters the optimal beam light beam working stage, and the optimal beam light beam working stage enters the optimal beam light beam working stage. If it is judged that the weather state changes, the optimization stage is executed again; and the light beam switching device switches the Gaussian beam into the required frontal beam according to the light beam switching control signal. According to the invention, a plurality of alternative beamforming beams can be generated, strong turbulence resistance and rain attenuation resistance are realized, and under a changing weather state, the plurality of alternative beamforming beams can be adaptively switched, so that low-loss and low-fluctuation optical transmission is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, specifically to a sharp beam adaptive matching beam system, beam switching method, device, and medium. Background Technology

[0002] Backhaul communication is a crucial link connecting the radio access network and the core network in mobile communication, responsible for the round-trip transmission of data. It is mainly divided into two categories: fiber optic backhaul and wireless backhaul. Fiber optic backhaul has high bandwidth and low latency, but its deployment cost is high and the cycle is long. Wireless backhaul, on the other hand, offers flexible networking and is suitable for remote mountainous areas, islands, and other scenarios where it is inconvenient to lay wired cables. It has become an important supplement to fiber optic backhaul, supporting the network coverage requirements of 5G and even 6G.

[0003] Wireless backhaul refers to signal transmission via electromagnetic waves through space. Currently, commercially available backhaul electromagnetic waves are typically microwave waves. However, traditional microwave backhaul is limited by bandwidth, resulting in a lower upper limit for transmitted data, which cannot meet the higher communication capacity requirements of future generations. In contrast, Free Space Optical (FSO) technology, which uses infrared optical signals to transmit data, has become a potential solution for the future evolution of wireless backhaul. It offers advantages such as large bandwidth, high transmission rate, no need for spectrum licenses, and rapid and flexible deployment, making it a viable alternative to fiber optics in scenarios such as emergency communications and base station interconnection.

[0004] The optical antennas of existing FSO transceivers typically consist of lens groups such as collimating lenses and beam expanders. The lens group in the transmitter expands the optical signal in the transmitting fiber into a sufficiently large Gaussian beam, which is then transmitted into free space. After long-distance transmission, it is received by the receiver's large-aperture lens, and after being focused and converged by the lens, it enters the receiving fiber. However, the optical field returned by an FSO is highly susceptible to adverse environmental conditions such as rain and turbulence. During rainfall, raindrops strongly scatter and absorb the optical signal, and the greater the rainfall intensity, the more severe the signal attenuation. Heavy rain can even directly cause communication interruptions. This is because a large number of raindrops obstruct the propagation path of the optical field, causing rapid energy loss and disrupting signal transmission stability. Atmospheric turbulence, caused by irregular air movements such as temperature gradients and wind shear, introduces random phase disturbances into the optical field propagation path, leading to beam deflection, diffusion, and flickering. This disturbance is random and non-uniform, causing frequent fluctuations in the optical signal intensity at the receiving end. This not only reduces the transmission signal-to-noise ratio but also induces inter-symbol interference, which can lead to signal distortion in severe cases, significantly affecting the communication quality and reliability of FSO backhaul. Therefore, both rain attenuation and turbulence are essentially interferences to the intensity and phase of the light beam, which is also the key to improving the system's anti-interference capability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sharp beam adaptive matching beam system, beam switching method, device and medium, which can adaptively match the optimal sharp beam in real time according to weather changes to achieve low loss and low fluctuation optical transmission.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a sharp beam adaptive matching beam system, which includes at least one receiver-light engine, the receiver-light engine including: an FSO optical engine, a beam controller and a beam switching device; The FSO optical engine is used to collimate and expand the optical signal in the input optical fiber into a Gaussian beam. The beam switching device generates alternative sharp beams by changing the light intensity and phase distribution; The beam controller is used to receive and process the coupled optical signals, and divides the hourly turbulent stable period into an optimization stage and an optimal beam operation stage. In the optimization stage, the optimal beam under the current turbulent environment is found by polling the candidate sharp beams. In the optimal beam operation stage, the beam switching control signal is continuously sent to the beam switching device, and the fluctuation of the received optical signal intensity relative to the optical signal intensity in the optimization stage is detected. When the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline is found to be greater than the threshold, it is determined that the weather condition has changed, the optimal beam has failed, and the optimization stage is re-entered. The beam switching device switches the Gaussian beam into the desired sharp beam according to the beam switching control signal.

[0007] Furthermore, the beam controller includes an optical power detection module, which is used to convert the coupled optical signal into an electrical signal and calculate the received optical power of each candidate sharp beam.

[0008] Furthermore, the beam controller also includes a beam switching control module, which is used to sample and statistically analyze the received optical power, calculate the average optical power of each candidate sharp beam in real time, take the candidate sharp beam corresponding to the maximum average optical power value as the optimal beam, set the corresponding index, generate the beam switching control signal corresponding to the index, calculate the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline, and when the difference is greater than the threshold, the optimal beam search is performed again.

[0009] Furthermore, the optical power detection module includes a PD photodetector.

[0010] Furthermore, the beam switching device includes a spatial light modulator or a rotating lens group.

[0011] Furthermore, the alternative beam profiles include needle beams, vortex beams, and bottle beams.

[0012] Secondly, a beam switching method provided in a second embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a beam controller, the method comprising: The system receives and processes coupled optical signals, dividing the hourly turbulent stable period into an optimization phase and an optimal beam operation phase. In the optimization phase, the system polls candidate beams to find the optimal beam under the current turbulent environment and enters the optimal beam operation phase. It continuously sends switching control signals to the beam switching device and detects fluctuations in the intensity of the received optical signal relative to the intensity of the optical signal in the optimization phase. When the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline exceeds a threshold, it determines that the weather conditions have changed, the optimal beam has failed, and the system re-enters the optimization phase.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific method for finding the optimal beam in the current turbulent environment through polling the candidate sharp beams in the optimization stage includes: Set the number of polling beams to m, and the single sampling time to m. The number of single-beam samplings is The total sampling time for a single beam is The total polling time is ; In the During a given time period, the optical signal of the i-th candidate sharp beam is received, and the received optical power of the i-th candidate sharp beam is calculated. The average optical power is obtained by averaging the instantaneous power of the i-th candidate sharp beam at n points; The candidate beam with the highest average optical power value is selected as the optimal beam.

[0014] Thirdly, another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising: a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory, wherein the processor, the input device, the output device, and the memory are interconnected, the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions to execute the method described in the second embodiment above.

[0015] Fourthly, another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program including program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method described in the second embodiment above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention provides a sharp beam adaptive matching beam system, comprising a conventional FSO optical engine, a beam switching device, and a beam controller. It can generate multiple alternative sharp beams and possesses strong resistance to turbulence and rain attenuation. Under changing weather conditions, the multiple alternative sharp beams can adaptively switch, achieving low-loss, low-fluctuation optical transmission. It is suitable not only for backhaul scenarios but also for any scenario requiring long-distance, long-term, outdoor free-space optical transmission. This system is applicable to both bidirectional duplex and unidirectional simplex scenarios.

[0018] The present invention provides a beam switching method, device and medium that ensures that the optimal beam that meets the statistical characteristics is found in a short time and is continuously transmitted with the optimal beam. It can adaptively match the optimal beam in real time according to weather changes, has strong anti-turbulence and rain attenuation capabilities, and realizes low loss and low fluctuation optical transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram comparing communication duration, turbulence intensity, and phase change timescales; Figure 2 This is an architectural diagram of a sharp beam adaptive matching beam system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a timeline distribution diagram of the work phases; Figure 4 This is an architectural diagram of a specific embodiment of a sharp beam adaptive matching beam system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] The FSO (Fiber Optic Optical Sequence) optical engine outputs a Gaussian beam by collimating and expanding the optical field mode in the fiber. A Gaussian beam is characterized by a Gaussian intensity distribution, with the intensity at the center and gradually decreasing to a minimum along the radial direction. It has no annular sidelobes and its phase is approximately equal. This distribution characteristic makes it less resistant to interference in harsh environments such as turbulent flows.

[0022] Sharp beam technology holds great potential in combating turbulence and rain attenuation. Sharp beams are a general term for various non-Gaussian structured beam distributions. Their common distribution characteristics include: 1. It has a non-Gaussian light intensity distribution and often has side lobes along the radial direction; 2. Because the boundary between the main lobe and the side lobes will change in size... The phase abruptly changes, resulting in periodic phase variations. It is precisely this unique intensity distribution and periodic phase variation that significantly enhances its resistance to weather interference. Typical examples of sharp beams include needle beams, vortex beams, and bottle beams, each of which can be further subdivided based on the number of sidelobes or other parameters, such as single-side-lobe needle beams and double-side-lobe needle beams.

[0023] Not only can sharp beams be categorized into various subclasses, but weather conditions also vary. Taking turbulence as an example, turbulence is typically stronger in summer than in winter, and stronger in the afternoon than in the morning or evening. To quantify turbulence intensity, Kolmogorov proposed the concept of locally homogeneous isotropic turbulence in 1941 and created the Kolmogorov turbulence model. Many scientists have subsequently branched and optimized this model. Currently, the refractive index structure constant is widely used in academia. To measure the intensity of optical turbulence. The larger the value, the stronger the turbulence. Typically, the duration of a given turbulence intensity is relatively long, on the order of hours. However, under the same turbulence intensity, the rate of phase change caused by turbulence is indeed quite fast, usually on the order of milliseconds. Figure 1 As shown, under the same turbulence intensity, a large number of randomly identically distributed phase perturbations will be generated, and the number of samplings allowed is extremely large.

[0024] Theoretically, the optimal sharp beam varies under different turbulence intensities. This is because the number of sidelobes and the intensity distribution of the sharp beam have both beneficial and detrimental effects. The beneficial effects are: more sidelobes mean faster phase changes, providing greater phase tolerance and thus a wider dynamic range. This effectively reduces path loss and stochastic fluctuations. The detrimental effects are: more sidelobes mean more severe native beam divergence and higher geometric loss. Therefore, there is no single, universally optimal sharp beam type. The best type of sharp beam under specific conditions depends on a balance of its advantages and disadvantages.

[0025] However, for FSO communication systems, weather conditions and their impacts cannot be identified in real time; they can only be distinguished through statistical characteristics. That is, after a sufficient number of received samples, the mean (average loss) and variance (degree of randomness) of the received beam path loss are statistically analyzed to characterize the weather state. Given that the duration of weather conditions is much longer than the time of a single sampling, this invention proposes a sharp-beam adaptive matching beam system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the system comprises two symmetrical transceivers, capable of bidirectional uplink and downlink paths for full-duplex communication. The uplink and downlink paths are distinguished by red and green arrows in the diagram. A simplified version can also retain only a unidirectional path for simplex communication. This embodiment uses the red path from left to right as an example. The signal enters the transceiver through the input optical fiber. The transceiver consists of three parts: ① a traditional FSO optical mechanism, composed of various lenses, responsible for beam collimation and expansion to generate a large-aperture Gaussian beam; ② a beam switching device, responsible for switching from the Gaussian beam to various alternative sharp beams. Its implementation can include, but is not limited to, spatial light modulators, rotating lens groups, etc.; ③ a beam controller, responsible for receiving optical signal processing and generating control signals for the beam switching device.

[0026] The beam controller includes an optical power detection module, which converts the coupled optical signal into an electrical signal and calculates the received optical power of each candidate beam. The beam controller also includes a beam switching control module, which samples and statistically analyzes the received optical power, calculates the average optical power of each candidate beam in real time, selects the candidate beam with the highest average optical power as the optimal beam, sets a corresponding index, generates a beam switching control signal corresponding to the index, calculates the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline, and if the difference exceeds a threshold, performs optimal beam search again.

[0027] The beam switching device first selects a finite number of candidate sharp beams with anti-turbulence potential from prior tests. The beam controller receives and processes the coupled optical signals, dividing the hourly turbulent stable period into an optimization phase and an optimal beam operation phase. In the optimization phase, the system polls the sharp beams a statistically significant number of times to find the optimal beam under the current turbulent environment, thus entering the optimal beam operation phase. The optimal beam is continuously transmitted, and fluctuations in the received optical signal intensity relative to the optimization phase are detected. When the mean or variance of the power loss is detected to be greater than a threshold, a change in weather conditions is determined. The optimal beam fails, and the system re-enters the optimization phase, repeating the cycle. Its time axis division is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0028] The single sampling process is as follows: The optical signal enters the conventional FSO optical engine through the input fiber, and is collimated and expanded by the conventional FSO optical engine to generate a large-aperture Gaussian beam. The beam controller outputs the corresponding control signal according to the index of the desired output sharp beam, controlling the beam switching device to convert the Gaussian beam into the desired sharp beam. After wireless optical transmission in complex weather conditions in free space, it is received by the inactive (initialized state) beam switching device, and after being focused and converged by the conventional FSO optical engine, it is output through the output fiber. A portion of the optical signal is coupled to the beam controller of the receiving optical engine for power detection, obtaining the received optical power (path loss) at that moment.

[0029] The single beam polling process is as follows: Candidate beams are traversed sequentially, maintaining the beam settings until the number of samples satisfies statistical laws. The received optical power (path loss) distribution of the receiving optical engine during this time period is statistically analyzed, and the mean and variance of the received optical power distribution are calculated. The mean and variance of the received optical power distribution for each candidate beam are recorded and compared to determine the optimal beam index and reference optical power baseline for the current state. The beam controller of the receiving optical engine transmits the optimal beam index and reference optical power baseline to the beam controller of the transmitting optical engine to control the generation of the optimal beam.

[0030] The detailed workflow of the beam controller is as follows: 1. Power on; 2. Optimization phase; 3. Mark the optimal beam and optical power baseline; 4. Entering the optimal beam operation phase; 5. Measure the average optical power in real time and calculate the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline; 6. When the difference is greater than the threshold, enter the optimization stage and repeat 2 to 5 times.

[0031] The detailed process of the optimization phase is as follows. Assume the number of polling beams is... The time for a single sampling is The number of single-beam samplings is The total sampling time for a single beam is The total polling time is It is necessary to ensure that the above time scales and number of iterations all satisfy the requirements of stable turbulence intensity, effective phase sampling, and statistical significance. In the [number]th iteration... A time period, namely Within the time period: 1. The transmitting optical engine sets the parameters of the beam switching control module to the first... Parameter values ​​for the alternative beams; 2. Generate the first Select alternative beams and emit them into free space for transmission; 3. The receiving optical device receives the optical signal and proportionally couples the optical signal to the optical power detection module to calculate the received optical power; 4. Calculation Average optical power of point power ; 5. Comparison Determine the maximum average optical power value The corresponding beam is the optimal beam, assuming the index is... ; 6. Set the parameters of the beam switching control module to the parameter values ​​of the optimal beam j and keep them stable. Enter the optimal beam working stage and continuously observe the output optical power.

[0032] The detailed process of the optimal beam operation phase is as follows: (assuming the acceptable power loss threshold is...) Or ② minimum power is ): 1. Keep the beam switching control module parameters set to the optimal beam. The parameter values ​​remain unchanged; 2. Continuously observe the output power. When the absolute value of the power decreases or the judgment condition is triggered, switch to the optimization stage.

[0033] Compared to existing FSO schemes using Gaussian beams and those using only a single fixed-edge beam, this invention, while adhering to statistical principles, can adaptively match the optimal edge beam in real time based on weather changes. This achieves low loss, high capacity, and high robustness for long-term system operation. For example, when the weather varies between extremely weak turbulence, weak turbulence, and strong turbulence, existing FSO schemes using Gaussian beams perform excellently in extremely weak turbulence but experience moderate to significant optical power loss and fluctuations in weak and strong turbulence. Schemes using only two-sidelobe needle beams perform excellently in strong turbulence but experience moderate to significant optical power loss and fluctuations in extremely weak and very weak turbulence. This invention matches Gaussian beams as the optimal beam in extremely weak turbulence to ensure stable optical power; matches one-sidelobe needle beams as the optimal beam in weak turbulence to ensure stable optical power; and matches two-sidelobe needle beams as the optimal beam in strong turbulence to ensure stable optical power. In summary, this solution ensures the realization of optimal beam adaptive matching through system design and process algorithm design, thereby guaranteeing the stability of the optical communication system.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, the conventional FSO optical mechanism consists of two convex lenses, generating a Gaussian beam expanded to 10 mm. The beam switching device is a spatial light modulator, which changes the light intensity and phase distribution by controlling the voltage to generate alternative sharp beams. The receiving optical mechanism receives light through two symmetrical convex lenses and converges it onto the receiving fiber. A beam splitter sends 9 / 10 of the energy to the next-stage data processing section, and 1 / 10 to the beam controller of the receiving optical mechanism. The beam controller consists of a PD photodetector and a computing chip. The PD photodetector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and calculates the light intensity and power. The computing chip is responsible for light intensity sampling, energy distribution calculation within a fixed time period, extreme value calculation, and generating the optimal beam from the extreme value index, as well as the control voltage signal required for the spatial light modulator to generate the optimal beam. The control voltage signal is transmitted to the beam controller of the transmitting optical mechanism via the Internet or other protocols to realize the beam switching of the transmitting optical mechanism.

[0035] The first embodiment of this invention provides a sharp beam adaptive matching beam system, comprising a conventional FSO optical engine, a beam switching device supporting multiple sharp beam switching, and a beam controller for signal processing, analysis, and control of the beam switching device. It possesses strong resistance to turbulence and rain attenuation, and can generate multiple alternative sharp beams. Under changing weather conditions, these alternative sharp beams can adaptively switch, achieving low-loss, low-fluctuation optical transmission. It is applicable not only to backhaul scenarios but also to any scenario requiring long-distance, long-duration, outdoor free-space optical transmission. This system is suitable for both bidirectional duplex and unidirectional simplex scenarios.

[0036] A beam switching method provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the beam controller described in the first embodiment above. The beam switching method includes: The system receives and processes coupled optical signals, dividing the hourly turbulent stable period into an optimization phase and an optimal beam operation phase. In the optimization phase, the system polls candidate beams to find the optimal beam under the current turbulent environment and enters the optimal beam operation phase. It continuously sends switching control signals to the beam switching device and detects fluctuations in the intensity of the received optical signal relative to the intensity of the optical signal in the optimization phase. When the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline exceeds a threshold, it determines that the weather conditions have changed, the optimal beam has failed, and the system re-enters the optimization phase.

[0037] The optimization phase, which polls candidate beams to find the optimal beam for the current turbulent environment, includes the following specific methods: Set the number of polling beams to m, and the single sampling time to m. The number of single-beam samplings is The total sampling time for a single beam is The total polling time is ; In the During a given time period, the optical signal of the i-th candidate sharp beam is received, and the received optical power of the i-th candidate sharp beam is calculated. The average optical power is obtained by averaging the instantaneous power of the i-th candidate sharp beam at n points; The candidate beam with the highest average optical power value is selected as the optimal beam.

[0038] The beam switching method provided in the second embodiment of this invention ensures that the optimal beam satisfying statistical characteristics is found within a short time and transmitted continuously with the optimal beam. It can adaptively match the optimal beam tip in real time according to weather changes, exhibiting strong resistance to turbulence and rain attenuation, and achieving low-loss, low-fluctuation optical transmission. When significant weather changes occur, it also has a real-time update and locking mechanism to ensure the low loss and high stability of the beam tip adaptive matching beam system.

[0039] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory. The processor, input device, output device, and memory are interconnected. The memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the method described in the second embodiment above.

[0040] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), but it may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0041] Input devices may include touchpads, microphones, etc., and output devices may include displays (LCDs, etc.), speakers, etc.

[0042] The memory may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information about the device type.

[0043] In specific implementations, the processor, input device, and output device described in the embodiments of the present invention can execute the implementation of the method embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention, or they can execute the implementation of the system embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0044] The present invention also provides an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method described in the second embodiment above.

[0045] The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the terminal described in the foregoing embodiments, such as the terminal's hard drive or memory. The computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the terminal, such as a plug-in hard drive, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card equipped on the terminal. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium can include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the terminal. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal. The computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the terminals and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0048] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sharp beam adaptive matching beam system, characterized in that, It includes at least one receiver / illuminator, which includes: an FSO optical engine, a beam controller, and a beam switching device; The FSO optical engine is used to collimate and expand the optical signal in the input optical fiber into a Gaussian beam. The beam switching device generates alternative sharp beams by changing the light intensity and phase distribution; The beam controller is used to receive and process the coupled optical signals, and divides the hourly turbulent stable period into an optimization stage and an optimal beam operation stage. In the optimization stage, the optimal beam under the current turbulent environment is found by polling the candidate sharp beams. In the optimal beam operation stage, the beam switching control signal is continuously sent to the beam switching device, and the fluctuation of the received optical signal intensity relative to the optical signal intensity in the optimization stage is detected. When the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline is found to be greater than the threshold, it is determined that the weather condition has changed, the optimal beam has failed, and the optimization stage is re-entered. The beam switching device switches the Gaussian beam into the desired sharp beam according to the beam switching control signal.

2. The sharp beam adaptive matching beam system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The beam controller includes an optical power detection module, which is used to convert the coupled optical signal into an electrical signal and calculate the received optical power of each candidate sharp beam.

3. The sharp beam adaptive matching beam system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The beam controller also includes a beam switching control module, which is used to sample and statistically analyze the received optical power, calculate the average optical power of each candidate beam in real time, select the candidate beam with the maximum average optical power value as the optimal beam, set the corresponding index, generate the beam switching control signal corresponding to the index, calculate the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline, and when the difference is greater than the threshold, the optimal beam search is performed again.

4. The sharp beam adaptive matching beam system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The optical power detection module includes a PD photodetector.

5. The sharp beam adaptive matching beam system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The beam switching device includes a spatial light modulator or a rotating lens group.

6. The sharp beam adaptive matching beam system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The alternative beam options include needle beams, vortex beams, and bottle beams.

7. A beam switching method, characterized in that, Applicable to a beam controller, the method includes: The system receives and processes coupled optical signals, dividing the hourly turbulent stable period into an optimization phase and an optimal beam operation phase. In the optimization phase, the system polls candidate beams to find the optimal beam under the current turbulent environment and enters the optimal beam operation phase. It continuously sends switching control signals to the beam switching device and detects fluctuations in the intensity of the received optical signal relative to the intensity of the optical signal in the optimization phase. When the difference between the average optical power and the optical power baseline exceeds a threshold, it determines that the weather conditions have changed, the optimal beam has failed, and the system re-enters the optimization phase.

8. The beam switching method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The optimization phase, which polls candidate beams to find the optimal beam under the current turbulent environment, includes the following specific methods: Set the number of polling beams to m, and the single sampling time to m. The number of single-beam samplings is The total sampling time for a single beam is The total polling time is ; In the During a given time period, the optical signal of the i-th candidate sharp beam is received, and the received optical power of the i-th candidate sharp beam is calculated. The average optical power is obtained by averaging the instantaneous power of the i-th candidate sharp beam at n points; The candidate beam with the highest average optical power value is selected as the optimal beam.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The system includes a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory interconnected thereto, the memory storing a computer program comprising program instructions, wherein the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions to execute the beam switching method as described in any one of claims 7-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program including program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the beam switching method as described in any one of claims 7-8.

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