System for carrying out co-combustion on oxygen electrolyzed by wind or photovoltaic electricity and flue gas generated by biomass combustion and hydrogen

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal generation system for oxygen and hydrogen electrolyzed by wind or photovoltaic electricity, and more specifically, the invention relates to a system for co-combustion of oxygen and flue gas generated by biomass combustion by wind or photovoltaic electricity. In the prior art, vehicle-mounted H2 transportation or H2 transportation through a natural gas pipeline and H2 transportation through carbon fibers are not suitable for long-distance transportation and nearby H2 production through residual electricity of wind or photoelectricity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for co-combustion of flue gas produced by electrolyzing oxygen and biomass by wind or photovoltaic electricity with hydrogen, and to provide a technique for surrounding a container for transporting hydrogen by flue gas for safe co-combustion of flue gas with hydrogen. The invention discloses a system for oxygen electrolysis through wind or photovoltaic electricity, biomass combustion flue gas and hydrogen accompanying combustion. The system comprises an electrolytic bath, a combustion furnace and a hydrogen accompanying combustor. Hydrogen has a high combustion value and can be violently combusted with air, and common stoves such as stoves for combusting natural gas are not suitable for serving as stoves for combusting hydrogen.

Description

Invention Field

[0001] This invention relates to a thermal generation system for oxygen and hydrogen from biomass wind or photovoltaic electrolysis, and more specifically, to a system in which oxygen is generated by wind or photovoltaic electrolysis and flue gas from biomass combustion is co-fired with hydrogen. Technical Background

[0002] In recent years, in order to reduce CO2 emissions, people have increasingly used hydrogen (H2) combustion to replace fossil fuels for useful work, such as in hydrogen-powered vehicles. Hydrogen is increasingly produced by wind power generation and water electrolysis via photovoltaic power. This H2 is generally located far from hydrogen refueling stations, and transporting it by car incurs significant costs, noticeably increasing the cost of using H2. As a result, the high transportation cost of H2 has prevented its widespread use in production and daily life. While pipeline transportation of H2 could significantly reduce transportation costs, H2 has strong reducing and permeability to common pipe materials and is prone to deflagration. Therefore, pipelines, such as those used for transporting natural gas, are currently rarely used for the separate transportation of H2.

[0003] Generally, it is understood that H2 can be transported through natural gas pipelines to mix with natural gas to dilute H2. However, the temperature difference between the liquefaction points of H2 and natural gas is small, and separating H2 from the mixture with natural gas will consume a lot of electrical energy. Moreover, the distance between the H2 source, such as wind or solar power, and the H2 source is generally long, making it less suitable for the requirement of using surplus electricity that cannot be connected to the grid to produce H2 nearby.

[0004] Another new material that can be used to transport H2 is carbon fiber, but it is less suitable for long-distance H2 transport due to its high cost.

[0005] In summary, traditional methods of transporting H2 by vehicle, using natural gas pipelines, or using carbon fiber are not well-suited for long-distance transmission of H2 generated locally from surplus wind or solar power.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a technology that would facilitate the long-distance pipeline transport of hydrogen (H2) using CO2 as a carrier without the limitations of traditional technologies.

[0007] Hydrogen has a high flammability and can burn violently with air. Ordinary stoves, such as those designed for natural gas, are unsuitable for burning hydrogen. Furthermore, hydrogen is not suitable for combustion in ordinary gas stoves.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for a technology that would facilitate the protection of hydrogen from flue gas produced by the electrolysis of oxygen and the combustion of biomass, and that would be free from the limitations of conventional technologies associated with hydrogen combustion. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Therefore, one object of the present invention is a technology for co-firing hydrogen with the flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion.

[0010] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a technology for a container for transporting hydrogen surrounded by flue gas to ensure the safe co-combustion of flue gas and hydrogen.

[0011] According to the present invention, a system for electrolyzing oxygen by wind or photovoltaic electricity and co-firing biomass combustion flue gas with hydrogen includes an electrolyzer, a combustion furnace, and a hydrogen-co-firing burner.

[0012] A system for co-firing hydrogen with oxygen produced by wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion flue gas includes an electrolyzer for producing hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) by electrolyzing water (H2O) with wind or photovoltaic power; a combustion furnace for producing flue gas by burning the O2 with biomass; and a hydrogen-co-firing burner for mixing the flue gas with hydrogen and burning the flue gas along with the hydrogen. A hydrogen supply pipe is provided between the electrolyzer and the hydrogen-co-firing burner to guide the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer to the hydrogen-co-firing burner.

[0013] The hydrogen-assisted burner includes a mixer configured to mix the hydrogen with the flue gas to form a mixture, a burner for burning the mixture, a hydrogen regulator for adjusting the amount of hydrogen supplied, and a flue gas regulator for adjusting the amount of flue gas supplied.

[0014] The hydrogen-assisted burner is further configured so that the flue gas surrounds the tubular jacketed cavity of the hydrogen regulator.

[0015] The device further includes a tubular cavity jacket configured to surround a hydrogen supply pipe for guiding hydrogen from the electrolyzer to the hydrogen-accompanying burner with flue gas; the hydrogen mixer includes a premixed gas configured to mix the hydrogen with the flue gas, the hydrogen mixer including an inlet for guiding hydrogen, an inlet for guiding flue gas, and an outlet for guiding the premixed gas.

[0016] The electrolyzer includes (i) an inlet for receiving wind or photovoltaic power, (ii) an outlet for guiding hydrogen from the electrolyzer, and (iii) an outlet for guiding oxygen from the electrolyzer; the combustion furnace includes (i) an inlet for receiving biomass, (ii) an inlet for guiding oxygen from the electrolyzer, and (iii) an outlet for guiding flue gas from the combustion furnace; the hydrogen-assisted burner includes (i) a hydrogen-assisted burner inlet for receiving hydrogen from the electrolyzer, and (ii) a hydrogen-assisted burner flue gas inlet for guiding the flue gas from the combustion furnace.

[0017] The pressure of the flue gas inside the tubular interlayer cavity of the hydrogen transport pipe is the same as or similar to the pressure inside the hydrogen transport pipe.

[0018] The purifier is configured to remove particulate matter and SO2 and NxO (if SO2 and NxO are present) from flue gas.

[0019] The absorber is configured to absorb carbon dioxide from the flue gas.

[0020] The hydrogen-assisted burner includes an electronic controller further configured to control the burner's hydrogen regulator and flue gas regulator. The electronic controller controls the igniter and motor, and the motor drives the regulator's switch.

[0021] Optionally, the system may include a double-walled cavity configured to be surrounded by flue gas from a hydrogen delivery pipe used to guide hydrogen from the electrolyzer to a hydrogen-assisted burner. If so, the double-walled cavity guides flue gas from the combustion furnace to the first double-walled cavity surrounding the hydrogen delivery pipe, and the first double-walled cavity may have the same or similar pressure as the hydrogen in the hydrogen delivery pipe.

[0022] Optionally, the system may include a purifier configured to remove particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides from the flue gas. The purifier may employ a method such as the prior art "Semi-wet flue gas purifier." If so, the purifier directs the flue gas from the combustion furnace and has an outlet for directing the purified flue gas to the hydrogen-assisted burner.

[0023] Optionally, the system includes an absorber configured to absorb carbon dioxide from the flue gas. The absorber may take the form of a prior art anti-gravity evaporator. If so, the absorber guides the flue gas from the purifier and has an outlet for guiding the absorbed carbon dioxide flue gas to the hydrogen-assisted burner. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The attached image is as follows: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the burner structure in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the absorber in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the above figure, the attached labels are as follows: 1 Electrolytic cell, 2 Photovoltaic panel, 3 Fan, 4 Hydrogen-containing gas stove, 5 Combustion furnace, 6 Purifier, 7 Absorber, 8 Gas supply pipe, 9 Compressor, 10 Electronic controller, 11 Jet pipe, 12 Regulator, 13 First interlayer cavity, 14 Mixer, 15 Mixing chamber, 16 Stove head, 17 Ignition device, 18 Motor, 19 Control valve, 20 Oxygen, 21 Hydrogen, 22 Biomass, 23 Hydrogen-containing gas. Implementation

[0026] Description of the achievable embodiments Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure and process of one embodiment of the present invention is provided.

[0027] Figure 1 The diagram shows an electrolyzer receiving electricity generated by a photovoltaic panel, or alternatively, a wind turbine. Water is then electrolyzed to decompose it. Preferably, the electrolyzer produces hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing alkaline water. Hydrogen from the electrolyzer is received through the inlet of a hydrogen-accompanying burner, which in turn receives flue gas from a combustion furnace. The hydrogen and flue gas streams are processed by the hydrogen-accompanying burner to mix them into a gas mixture. As those skilled in the art understand, hydrogen has a high calorific value and is unsuitable for use in ordinary stoves. Therefore, to reduce its calorific value for use in ordinary gas stoves, the hydrogen-accompanying burner creates an environment where hydrogen and flue gas mix to form a hydrogen-accompanying gas mixture with a calorific value similar to or close to that of natural gas—that is, a hydrogen-accompanying gas mixture where hydrogen is burned alongside flue gas that does not generate heat. To achieve this, in the described implementation, hydrogen is mixed with flue gas in an appropriate proportion to form a hydrogen-assisted gas with the same or similar calorific value as natural gas, so that the stove using the hydrogen-assisted gas can be made of the same material as the stove using natural gas.

[0028] The combustion furnace receives hydrogen from the electrolyzer.

[0029] like Figure 1 The example shown is of a hydrogen-assisted burner, but this is not mandatory; other types of hydrogen-assisted burners can also be used. The hydrogen-assisted burner includes a barrel-shaped mixer, a jet pipe and mixing chamber, and a burner head. Hydrogen gas enters the jet pipe from the burner head inlet and is injected into the mixer through the jet pipe, combining... Figure 2 The jet nozzles for injecting hydrogen can spray radially along the jet pipe to allow the hydrogen to impact the barrel body, facilitating dispersion. Flue gas from the flue gas inlet enters the mixer through the barrel-shaped mixer shell. Preferably, the flue gas gathers in the central area where the hydrogen pipe is located through multiple holes on the shell. The flue gas can be guided by the guide grooves on the shell and then enter the mixer through multiple holes. The center of the mixer also includes a hydrogen-accompanying outlet for guiding the hydrogen and flue gas. This process of dispersing the hydrogen before merging it with the flue gas helps to fully mix the hydrogen and flue gas into accompanying hydrogen. After mixing with air in the mixer, the mixture enters the burner and is ignited by the igniter for combustion. By adjusting the hydrogen supply through the regulator, the calorific value of the accompanying hydrogen can be made to have the same or similar heat-generating effect as natural gas.

[0030] Advantageously, such as Figure 1As shown, hydrogen also has the characteristic of easy permeability, meaning that under high pressure, hydrogen can permeate out of components made of ordinary materials and leak between general connectors. To prevent hydrogen from directly permeating and leaking into the air, a hydrogen burner can surround the hydrogen container with flue gas. This involves creating a flue gas-filled cavity around the hydrogen container to mix any potentially permeated or leaked hydrogen flow with the flue gas in the cavity. The flue gas flow in the cavity can include the permeated or leaked hydrogen flow, which is then combined with the hydrogen combustion at the hydrogen inlet. The flue gas in the cavity surrounding the hydrogen container can be compressed by a compressor to ensure that the flue gas surrounding the hydrogen container has the same or similar pressure as inside the hydrogen container. This reduces the expansion of the hydrogen container. A valve controls the flow rate of the flue gas entering the first cavity, greatly reducing the possibility of hydrogen permeating out of the container.

[0031] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the interlayer cavity depicted as surrounding the hydrogen jet pipe includes an inlet to the interlayer cavity of the hydrogen-accompanying burner that receives flue gas guided from the combustion furnace. If this is done, the flue gas used to supply the mixer may include flue gas guided from the interlayer cavity to the mixer. The function of this is that the interlayer cavity prevents hydrogen that may leak from the jet pipe from directly contacting the air, and the flow of flue gas through the interlayer cavity carries out any hydrogen that may leak from the jet pipe out of the interlayer cavity. The flue gas carrying the possible hydrogen then goes to the mixer to mix with the hydrogen to form accompanying hydrogen.

[0032] Another function of the interlayer cavity is to prevent or reduce the outward permeation or leakage of the hydrogen jet pipe and hydrogen pipe of the hydrogen-assisted burner. If desired, the system includes a compressor for compressing the flue gas so that the flue gas pressure in the interlayer cavity is the same as or close to the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen pipe, thus minimizing the possibility of leakage from the jet pipe under normal conditions.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen delivery pipe from the electrolyzer to the burner may include a second interlayer cavity that functions to collect any hydrogen that may leak from the delivery pipe. The second interlayer cavity also functions to increase or decrease the pressure of the second interlayer via a compressor and valve, bringing the flue gas pressure in the second interlayer cavity closer to the hydrogen pressure in the delivery pipe to reduce pipe expansion and minimize hydrogen leakage. A control valve is provided between the first interlayer cavity and the mixing chamber to control the amount of carbon dioxide supplied between them.

[0034] Optionally, an absorber may be included in the system between the combustion furnace and the hydrogen-assisted burner to absorb carbon dioxide and remove water from the flue gas. The absorber may preferably be in the form of an anti-gravity evaporator and is cooled by a cooler to remove excess moisture before the flue gas enters the hydrogen-assisted burner. If an absorber is included, the flue gas guided from the combustion furnace or the flue gas with particulates removed by the purifier is received through the absorber inlet, cooled, and then guided to the hydrogen-assisted burner inlet.

[0035] An optional purifier may be included in the system between the combustion furnace and the burner to remove particulate matter, as well as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (if present) from the flue gas. The purifier is preferably a semi-wet circulating flue gas purifier. If the purifier is included, the flue gas drawn from the combustion furnace is received through the purifier inlet for purification, and then the purified flue gas is drawn through the purifier to the hydrogen-accompanying burner inlet.

Claims

1. A system for co-firing hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, characterized in that: An electrolyzer constructed to produce hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) by electrolyzing water (H2O) using wind or solar power; A combustion furnace configured to allow the O2 to be burned with biomass to produce flue gas; A hydrogen-accompanying burner configured to mix the flue gas with hydrogen and to have the flue gas burn alongside the hydrogen during combustion. A hydrogen supply pipe is provided between the electrolyzer and the hydrogen-assisted burner, which is used to guide the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer to the hydrogen-assisted burner.

2. The system according to claim 1, which involves the co-firing of hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, is characterized in that: The hydrogen-assisted burner includes a mixing chamber configured to mix the hydrogen with the flue gas to form a mixture, a burner for burning the mixture, a hydrogen regulator for adjusting the amount of hydrogen supplied, and a flue gas regulator for adjusting the amount of flue gas supplied.

3. A system according to claim 2 for the co-firing of hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, characterized in that: The hydrogen-assisted burner is further configured so that the flue gas surrounds the tubular jacketed cavity of the hydrogen regulator.

4. The system according to claim 1, which involves the co-firing of hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, is characterized in that... The system further includes a tubular cavity interlayer configured to surround, with flue gas, a hydrogen supply pipe used to guide the hydrogen from the electrolyzer to the hydrogen-accompanying burner. The hydrogen mixer includes a configuration for mixing the hydrogen with the flue gas to form a premixed gas, the hydrogen mixer including an inlet for guiding hydrogen, an inlet for guiding flue gas, and an outlet for guiding the premixed gas.

5. A system according to claim 1, wherein flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion is co-fired with hydrogen, characterized in that: The electrolyzer includes (i) an inlet for receiving wind or photovoltaic power, (ii) an outlet for guiding hydrogen from the electrolyzer, and (iii) an outlet for guiding oxygen from the electrolyzer. The combustion furnace includes (i) an inlet for receiving biomass, (ii) an inlet for guiding oxygen from the electrolyzer, and (iii) an outlet for guiding flue gas from the combustion furnace; The hydrogen-assisted burner includes (i) a hydrogen-assisted burner inlet for receiving hydrogen gas directed from the electrolyzer, and (ii) a hydrogen-assisted burner flue gas inlet for directing the flue gas from the combustion furnace.

6. The system according to claim 1, which involves the co-firing of hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, is characterized in that... The pressure of the flue gas inside the tubular interlayer cavity of the hydrogen transport pipe is the same as or similar to the pressure inside the hydrogen transport pipe.

7. The system according to claim 1, which involves the co-firing of hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, is characterized in that... The purifier is configured to remove particulate matter and SO2 and NxO (if SO2 and NxO are present) from flue gas.

8. The system according to claim 1, which involves the co-firing of hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, is characterized in that... The absorber is configured to absorb carbon dioxide from the flue gas.

9. The system according to claim 1, which involves the co-firing of hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, is characterized in that... The hydrogen-assisted burner includes an electronically controlled device further configured to control the burner hydrogen regulator and the flue gas regulator.

10. A method for co-firing hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, characterized in that: The method includes: An electrolyzer is constructed, and clean electrical energy from sources including but not limited to photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation is used to drive the electrolyzer. Hydrogen and oxygen are generated by electrolyzing water in the electrolyzer to provide hydrogen and oxygen sources for the system in which oxygen is electrolyzed by wind or photovoltaic power and the flue gas from biomass combustion is co-fired with hydrogen. Construct a biomass combustion device, which obtains flue gas mainly consisting of carbon dioxide by burning biomass, and uses this flue gas as the flue gas source for the system in which oxygen is electrolyzed by wind or photovoltaic electricity and the flue gas from biomass combustion is co-burned with hydrogen. The flue gas is directed to the hydrogen-accompanying burner of the system for mixing the flue gas with hydrogen; The flue gas is guided to the tubular jacket cavity of the hydrogen regulator of the system, and the tubular jacket cavity is filled with flue gas with a certain threshold pressure to form a closed jacket structure on the outside of the hydrogen regulator. This is used to prevent hydrogen leakage and / or infiltration in the hydrogen regulator, and to guide any leaking or infiltrated hydrogen to the tubular jacket cavity and mix it with the flue gas therein.

11. The method for co-firing hydrogen with flue gas from wind or photovoltaic electrolysis of oxygen and biomass combustion, as described in claim 10, is characterized in that... The closed jacket structure outside the hydrogen regulator extends to at least one end of the hydrogen regulator; when the closed jacket structure extends to both ends of the hydrogen regulator, it forms a complete closed loop for hydrogen from beginning to end, that is: hydrogen enters and is transported through the closed jacket structure after it is generated from the electrolyzer, and all hydrogen in the transportation process, including but not limited to pipes, connectors, transfer parts, shut-off parts and any transportation pipes, are enclosed in the closed jacket structure.

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