Coal gangue sorting device without adhesive tape transportation

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal gangue sorting device without adhesive tape transportation, and relates to the technical field of coal gangue sorting. The device comprises a sorting box used for sorting coal briquettes and gangue, and further comprises an impurity removal unit arranged in the sorting box and comprising a conveying assembly and a discharging assembly, and spiral conveying blades used for conveying the coal briquettes and the gangue are arranged in the conveying assembly; and the sorting unit is arranged in the sorting box and comprises a vibration assembly, a collection assembly and an adsorption assembly. The device has the advantages that lossless conveying of coal briquettes and gangue can be achieved by adopting a rotary conveying mode of the spiral conveying blades, disintegrating slag and dust in the coal briquettes and the gangue can be effectively removed in cooperation with screening and adsorption effects during conveying, and meanwhile efficient separation of the coal briquettes and the gangue can be achieved by utilizing mass difference and adopting a vibration separation mode; and secondary separation is conducted in an airflow blowing mode, part of gangue remaining in the coal briquettes obtained after primary separation is effectively removed, and the separation effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue sorting, and more particularly to a coal gangue sorting device without belt conveyor. Background Technology

[0002] In the coal mining industry, coal blocks mined from coal mines usually contain a lot of gangue. To avoid the gangue affecting the coal block collection effect, sorting devices are usually used to separate coal blocks from gangue, so as to achieve targeted collection of coal blocks, thereby improving the purity of coal, reducing the transportation cost of coal blocks, and realizing the recycling and reuse of gangue. Existing sorting devices employ various methods to separate coal blocks from gangue. For example, a coal gangue sorting device with publication number CN112295924A includes an operating table and a support side frame. A motor is provided on one side of the support side frame, and a sorting structure is provided between the support side frames. The sorting structure includes a conveyor belt, rollers, a sorting plate, and a sliding baffle. A roller is provided on each side of the support side frame, and the two ends of the roller are rotatably connected to the two sides of the support side frame. Existing sorting devices mostly use conveyor belts (rubber belts) as the core conveying component. However, these belts are prone to wear, misalignment, and material accumulation during long-term use, resulting in poor sorting continuity. Furthermore, they cannot remove debris and dust from the coal gangue during sorting, leading to the release of large amounts of dust and causing serious air pollution. For example, the aforementioned existing technology uses a conveyor belt to transport coal gangue. However, conveyor belts are prone to wear and damage over long-term use and cannot remove debris and dust from the coal gangue during sorting. This device only achieves coal gangue screening through the guidance of an arc-shaped sorting plate, lacking a secondary sorting stage. This results in a high residual rate, with a significant amount of gangue remaining in the sorted coal blocks, which has certain limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a coal gangue sorting device without belt transport to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belts, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belts, comprising a sorting box for separating coal blocks and gangue, and further comprising: The impurity removal unit is located inside the sorting box and includes a conveying component and a discharge component. The conveying component is equipped with a spiral conveying blade for conveying coal blocks and gangue, and the discharge component is equipped with multiple discharge holes. Through the cooperation of the discharge components, the debris in the coal blocks and gangue is discharged during the conveying process. The sorting unit, located inside the sorting box, includes a vibration assembly, a collection assembly, and an adsorption assembly. The vibration assembly contains a vibrating sorting plate, which is used to drive the vibrating sorting plate to vibrate back and forth, and to automatically sort coal blocks and gangue during the vibration process. The collection assembly is used to collect the sorted gangue and coal blocks separately. The adsorption assembly works in conjunction with the discharge assembly to adsorb dust in the coal blocks and gangue during the conveying process, and works with the collection assembly to achieve secondary sorting of coal blocks and gangue.

[0005] Preferably, the side of the sorting box is equipped with an intelligent control host, which is used to control the opening and closing and operation status of the impurity removal unit and the sorting unit, so as to realize the automated sorting and collection of coal and gangue.

[0006] Preferably, the impurity removal unit includes a servo motor fixedly installed inside the sorting box, and a drive roller for transmitting power is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor. A support plate is fixedly installed inside the sorting box, and the servo motor is located at the lower part of the support plate.

[0007] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes a conveying frame fixedly installed inside a sorting box, a linkage roller rotatably installed inside the sorting box, and a transmission belt for transmitting power is sleeved between the linkage roller and the drive roller. A sorting cylinder rotatably connected to the linkage roller is fixedly installed on the conveying frame. A spiral conveying blade is fixedly installed on the linkage roller and is located inside the sorting cylinder. A feed hopper for placing coal blocks and gangue is fixedly connected to the sorting cylinder. A plurality of dispersing rods for assisting in the conveying of coal blocks and gangue are fixedly installed on the spiral conveying blade.

[0008] Preferably, the discharge assembly includes a discharge component for discharging coal blocks and gangue slag, which is fixedly installed on the conveying frame. Multiple discharge holes are opened on the side of the sorting cylinder. A feeding box for conveying coal blocks and gangue is fixedly connected to the sorting cylinder, and two discharge baffles for arranging coal blocks and gangue are fixedly installed inside the feeding box.

[0009] Preferably, the vibration assembly includes a vibration frame fixedly installed in the sorting box, and a vibration sorting plate slidably installed in the vibration frame. The discharge port of the feeding box is located directly below the vibration frame. The vibration sorting plate is inclined and the end face shape of the vibration sorting plate is set to be high in the middle and low at both ends. A driving mechanism is provided between the vibration sorting plate and the driving roller.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a vibrating wheel fixedly mounted on the driving roller, and a plurality of vibrating protrusions fixedly mounted on the vibrating wheel. A vibrating frame is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the vibrating sorting plate, and a driven protrusion cooperating with the plurality of vibrating protrusions is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the vibrating frame. A plurality of vibrating spring rods are fixedly mounted between the bottom of the vibrating sorting plate and the vibrating frame.

[0011] Preferably, the collection assembly includes two gangue conveying ports on both sides of the vibrating frame for conveying gangue, and two gangue collection boxes that are respectively matched with the corresponding gangue conveying ports are fixedly installed on the support plate. Each of the two gangue collection boxes is provided with a gangue discharge device for discharging gangue. A coal block collection box for collecting coal blocks is fixedly installed on the support plate, and the coal block collection box is located at the end of the vibrating sorting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the adsorption assembly includes an adsorption box fixedly installed inside the sorting box and rotatably connected to the drive roller. A filter inclined plate for filtering dust is fixedly installed inside the adsorption box. A fan impeller for generating negative pressure suction is fixedly installed on the drive roller, and the fan impeller is located between the inner wall of the adsorption box and the filter inclined plate. An adsorption tube for adsorbing dust is fixedly connected between the adsorption box and the sorting cylinder. A dust suction cylinder for adsorbing dust in the sorting cylinder is fixedly installed on the adsorption tube, and the dust suction cylinder is located between the spiral conveyor blades. A blowing mechanism is installed between the adsorption box and the coal collection box.

[0013] Preferably, the blowing mechanism includes an air blowing component fixedly installed in the coal block collection box, and an air blowing pipe for blowing air is fixedly connected between the air blowing component and the adsorption box. Multiple air blowing nozzles for blowing pressurized airflow are fixedly connected to the air blowing component. A sorting baffle for separating coal blocks and gangue is fixedly installed in the coal block collection box, and two grading discharge components for conveying coal blocks and gangue are provided on the coal block collection box. The high-pressure gas blown out by the air nozzle acts on the falling coal and gangue, causing the lighter coal and heavier gangue to fall automatically to both sides of the sorting baffle.

[0014] This invention provides a coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transportation. It has the following advantages: 1. When separating coal and gangue, this sorting device adopts a beltless conveying method in which the spiral conveyor blades and the dispersing rod rotate together. This can not only realize the rapid conveying of coal and gangue, but also avoid the problems of belt wear and deviation caused by existing conveyor belt conveying. In addition, the dispersing rod can simultaneously break up the clumps of coal and gangue, improving the accuracy of subsequent sorting.

[0015] 2. When separating coal and gangue, this sorting device can remove the slag in the coal and gangue through the cooperation of multiple impurity discharge holes. The dust is also fully adsorbed by the dust suction cylinder during the conveying process. This can not only prevent the slag from affecting the sorting effect of coal and gangue, but also prevent dust from spreading and causing air pollution.

[0016] 3. When separating coal blocks and gangue, this sorting device uses a reciprocating vibration of the sorting plate. By utilizing the weight difference between coal blocks and gangue, the lighter coal blocks slide downwards along the sorting plate under the vibration, while the heavier gangue slides to the sides of the sorting plate under the vibration, thereby achieving automatic separation of coal blocks and gangue with higher sorting efficiency.

[0017] 4. When separating coal blocks and gangue, this sorting device uses high-pressure airflow from the air nozzles to perform secondary sorting on the materials after sorting. Using the same pressure, the high-pressure airflow can blow the lighter coal blocks as they fall, causing them to fall to the left side of the sorting baffle, while the heavier gangue cannot be blown by the high-pressure airflow and will fall freely to the right side of the sorting baffle. This achieves secondary sorting of the coal blocks after vibration sorting, effectively removing the remaining gangue from the coal blocks and resulting in better sorting effect.

[0018] In summary, this invention utilizes a spiral conveyor blade rotation method to achieve lossless conveying of coal and gangue. During conveying, screening and adsorption can be combined to effectively remove debris and dust from the coal and gangue. Simultaneously, vibration separation using mass differences can achieve efficient separation of coal and gangue. Furthermore, a secondary separation using airflow can effectively remove some of the gangue remaining in the coal after the primary separation, resulting in even better separation performance.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transportation proposed in this invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after rotation at a certain angle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Internal structure diagram of the sorting box; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The front view; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the servo motor and the conveyor frame; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle conveyor frame and sorting cylinder; Figure 7 for Figure 6 The front view; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at part A in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the servo motor and the vibration frame; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration assembly; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration sorting plate and drive roller; Figure 12 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the servo motor, adsorption box, and coal collection box; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adsorption chamber; Figure 14 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coal block collection box; Figure 15 for Figure 14 Side view.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Sorting box, 2. Intelligent control host, 3. Feed hopper, 4. Miscellaneous parts, 5. Gangue discharge parts, 6. Grading discharge parts, 7. Servo motor, 8. Conveying frame, 9. Sorting cylinder, 10. Drive roller, 11. Gangue collection box, 12. Vibrating frame, 13. Adsorption box, 14. Linkage roller, 15. Transmission belt, 16. Miscellaneous discharge hole, 17. Feed box, 18. Spiral conveyor blade, 19. Dust collection cylinder, 20. Adsorption tube, 21. Dispersing rod, 22. Discharge partition, 23. Vibrating sorting plate, 24. Gangue conveying port, 25. Coal block collection box, 26. Vibrating wheel, 27. Vibrating spring rod, 28. Vibrating frame, 29. Vibrating protrusion, 30. Driven protrusion, 31. Air blowing pipe, 32. Air blowing parts, 33. Air blowing nozzle, 34. Fan impeller, 35. Filter inclined plate, 36. Ash discharge box, 37. Sorting baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-4A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt includes a sorting box 1 for sorting coal blocks and gangue. Before being sorted by this sorting device, the coal blocks and gangue are first pre-screened by an existing screening device to remove the larger coal blocks and gangue, so that the coal blocks and gangue entering this sorting device are of approximately the same volume. This sorting device is mainly used to sort coal blocks and gangue of approximately the same volume.

[0024] This sorting device also includes: The impurity removal unit is installed inside the sorting box 1. The impurity removal unit is used to realize the initial conveying of coal gangue and to separate the slag and dust in the coal gangue during the initial conveying process, so as to prevent impurities from being mixed into the subsequent sorting process, reduce dust diffusion pollution, reduce the interference of impurities on the sorting accuracy, and improve the accuracy of subsequent sorting.

[0025] The sorting unit is located inside the sorting box 1. The sorting unit adopts a vibration sorting method to achieve preliminary sorting of coal and gangue of the same volume based on their different weights, resulting in better sorting effect. It can also perform secondary sorting on the sorted coal material to further remove the gangue mixed in the coal, resulting in even better sorting effect.

[0026] The side of the sorting box 1 is equipped with an intelligent control host 2, which is used to control the opening and closing and operation status of the impurity removal unit and the sorting unit, so as to realize the automated sorting and collection of coal and gangue.

[0027] Example 2: Refer to Figures 2-8 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the impurity removal unit includes a conveying component and a discharging component. The conveying component is provided with a spiral conveying blade 18 for conveying coal blocks and gangue, and the discharging component is provided with multiple discharge holes 16. Through the cooperation of the discharging component, the slag in the coal blocks and gangue is discharged during the conveying process.

[0028] The impurity removal unit includes a servo motor 7 fixedly installed in the sorting box 1, and a drive roller 10 for transmitting power is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor 7. A support plate is fixedly installed in the sorting box 1, and the servo motor 7 is located at the lower part of the support plate. When the servo motor 7 is started, it will drive the drive roller 10 to rotate, and the output power of the servo motor 7 can be transmitted through the drive roller 10 to realize the automated conveying and sorting of coal and gangue.

[0029] The conveying assembly includes a conveying frame 8 fixedly installed inside the sorting box 1, a linkage roller 14 rotatably installed inside the sorting box 1, and a transmission belt 15 for transmitting power is sleeved between the linkage roller 14 and the drive roller 10. A sorting cylinder 9 rotatably connected to the linkage roller 14 is fixedly installed on the conveying frame 8. A spiral conveying blade 18 is fixedly installed on the linkage roller 14 and is located inside the sorting cylinder 9. A feed hopper 3 for placing coal blocks and gangue is fixedly connected to the sorting cylinder 9. During the sorting of coal gangue, the coal gangue is first poured into the sorting cylinder 9 through the feed hopper 3. Then, the servo motor 7 is started to drive the drive roller 10 to rotate. The rotation of the drive roller 10, in turn, drives the linkage roller 14 to rotate via the transmission belt 15. The rotation of the linkage roller 14, in turn, drives the spiral conveyor blades 18 inside the sorting cylinder 9 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the spiral conveyor blades 18 achieves automatic conveying of the coal gangue material within the sorting cylinder 9, allowing the coal gangue material to rotate and be conveyed from right to left within the sorting cylinder 9 (instruction manual attached). Figure 7 direction shown).

[0030] Multiple dispersing rods 21 for assisting in the conveying of coal blocks and gangue are fixedly installed on the spiral conveyor blade 18. When the spiral conveyor blade 18 rotates, it will drive the multiple dispersing rods 21 to rotate synchronously. When the multiple dispersing rods 21 rotate synchronously, they will come into contact with the coal gangue material in the sorting cylinder 9. This can not only disperse the coal gangue material so that it does not clump together, but also increase the dispersion effect of the coal gangue material, allowing the slag and dust inside to escape, thereby improving the effect of subsequent separation of debris and dust.

[0031] In a further embodiment, the discharge assembly includes a discharge component 4 fixedly installed on the conveying frame 8 for discharging coal blocks and gangue slag, and multiple discharge holes 16 are opened on the side of the sorting cylinder 9. When coal gangue is conveyed in the sorting cylinder 9, the slag inside will move synchronously and will come into contact with multiple discharge holes 16 on the side of the sorting cylinder 9 while moving. At this time, the smaller slag inside the coal gangue material will automatically fall into the conveying frame 8 through the multiple discharge holes 16, so that the separation of slag can be automatically achieved during the conveying of coal gangue. By using the rotating conveyor blades 18, the contact range and contact time between the coal gangue material and the multiple discharge holes 16 on the side of the sorting cylinder 9 can be effectively increased, thereby effectively increasing the separation efficiency of the slag in the coal gangue material and making the removal of debris more thorough.

[0032] The lower part of the conveyor frame 8 is inclined, so that the debris falling into the conveyor frame 8 will automatically slide from right to left under the action of gravity (instruction manual attached). Figure 7 (as shown in the direction), and when it slides to the leftmost end of the conveyor frame 8, it will be automatically discharged through the discharge component 4.

[0033] The sorting cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to a feeding box 17 for conveying coal blocks and gangue, and two discharge baffles 22 for arranging coal blocks and gangue are fixedly installed inside the feeding box 17. When the coal gangue after screening is transported to the leftmost end of the sorting cylinder 9, it will automatically fall into the feeding box 17. When the coal gangue falls into the feeding box 17, it will be limited by the two discharge baffles 22 inside. The two discharge baffles 22 restrict the falling state of the coal gangue material, making the coal gangue evenly distributed during its fall. This ensures that the coal gangue material falling onto the vibrating sorting plate 23 is evenly distributed, ensuring that each piece of material can fully contact the vibrating sorting plate 23. This effectively avoids sorting omissions caused by the accumulation of coal gangue material, providing a stable and uniform material base for subsequent vibrating sorting, and indirectly improving the overall sorting efficiency and accuracy.

[0034] Example 3: Refer to Figures 2-4 as well as Figures 9-15 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment two is that the sorting unit includes a vibration component, a collection component and an adsorption component, and the vibration component is provided with a vibration sorting plate 23. The vibration assembly is used to drive the vibrating sorting plate 23 to reciprocate and achieve automatic sorting of coal blocks and gangue during the vibration process. The collection assembly is used to collect the sorted gangue and coal blocks respectively. The adsorption assembly and the discharge assembly work together to adsorb the dust in the coal blocks and gangue during the conveying process, and work with the collection assembly to achieve secondary sorting of coal blocks and gangue.

[0035] The vibration assembly includes a vibration frame 12 fixedly installed inside the sorting box 1, and a vibration sorting plate 23 slidably installed inside the vibration frame 12. The discharge port of the feeding box 17 is located directly below the vibration frame 12. The evenly distributed coal gangue material in the feeding box 17 will be fed onto the vibrating sorting plate 23 in the vibrating frame 12, so that the coal gangue material can be automatically vibrated and sorted.

[0036] The vibrating sorting plate 23 is set at an angle, and the end face of the vibrating sorting plate 23 is set with the middle position higher and the two ends lower. When the coal gangue material on it is vibrated, the heavier gangue of the same volume will slide to both sides of the vibrating sorting plate 23 under the action of gravity and inertia, while the lighter coal blocks will slide down along the inclined direction of the vibrating sorting plate 23 as a whole. This can automatically realize the vibration separation of coal blocks and gangue, and the separation efficiency is higher.

[0037] A driving mechanism is provided between the vibrating sorting plate 23 and the driving roller 10. The driving mechanism includes a vibrating wheel 26 fixedly installed on the driving roller 10, and a plurality of vibrating protrusions 29 fixedly installed on the vibrating wheel 26. A vibrating frame 28 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the vibrating sorting plate 23, and a driven protrusion 30 that cooperates with the plurality of vibrating protrusions 29 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the vibrating frame 28. A plurality of vibrating spring rods 27 are fixedly installed between the bottom of the vibrating sorting plate 23 and the vibrating frame 12. While the servo motor 7 drives the drive roller 10 to rotate, the drive roller 10 will drive the vibrating wheel 26 and its multiple vibrating protrusions 29 to rotate. When the vibrating protrusions 29 rotate, they will alternately contact the driven protrusions 30 on the vibrating frame 28. When the vibrating protrusions 29 contact the driven protrusions 30, the driven protrusions 30 will be lifted up, and then the vibrating frame 28 will lift up the vibrating sorting plate 23. When the vibrating sorting plate 23 is lifted up, it will stretch multiple vibrating spring rods 27. When the vibrating protrusion 29 is not in contact with the driven protrusion 30, the vibrating sorting plate 23 will automatically fall under the action of the vibrating spring rod 27 and its own gravity. When the multiple vibrating protrusions 29 continue to rotate, they will drive the vibrating sorting plate 23 to vibrate vertically back and forth. When the vibrating sorting plate 23 vibrates back and forth, it will vibrate and sort the coal gangue material on it.

[0038] In a further embodiment, the collection component includes two gangue conveying ports 24 opened on both sides of the vibration frame 12 for conveying gangue, and two gangue storage boxes 11 respectively cooperating with the corresponding gangue conveying ports 24 are fixedly installed on the support plate. Both gangue storage boxes 11 are provided with gangue discharge components 5 for discharging gangue. During vibration sorting, the gangue moving to both sides will fall into the gangue collection box 11 through the gangue conveying port 24, and will be automatically discharged through the gangue discharge device 5, thus completing the automatic collection of gangue.

[0039] A coal collection box 25 for collecting coal blocks is fixedly installed on the support plate, and the coal collection box 25 is located at the end of the vibrating sorting plate 23. After vibration sorting, the coal blocks will be conveyed to the end of the vibration sorting plate 23 and will automatically fall into the coal block collection box 25, thus completing the automatic collection of coal blocks. At this time, the collected coal blocks will contain some unsorted gangue, so this part of the gangue mixed in with the coal blocks needs to be sorted a second time.

[0040] In a further embodiment, the adsorption assembly includes an adsorption box 13 fixedly installed in the sorting box 1 and rotatably connected to the drive roller 10. A filter inclined plate 35 for filtering dust is fixedly installed in the adsorption box 13. A fan impeller 34 for generating negative pressure suction is fixedly installed on the drive roller 10, and the fan impeller 34 is located between the inner wall of the adsorption box 13 and the filter inclined plate 35. As the drive roller 10 rotates, it will drive the impeller 34 to rotate. When the impeller 34 rotates, it will generate negative pressure suction in the adsorption box 13, which will draw external air into the adsorption box 13 for collection.

[0041] An adsorption tube 20 for adsorbing dust is fixedly connected between the adsorption box 13 and the sorting cylinder 9. A dust collection cylinder 19 for adsorbing dust in the sorting cylinder 9 is fixedly installed on the adsorption tube 20, and the dust collection cylinder 19 is located between the spiral conveyor blades 18. The negative pressure suction in the adsorption box 13 will act on the adsorption tube 20, so that the dust in the sorting cylinder 9 can be adsorbed into the adsorption box 13 through the dust suction cylinder 19 and the adsorption tube 20. When the coal gangue material is transported in the sorting cylinder 9, the dust in the sorting cylinder 9 can be directly adsorbed by the dust suction cylinder 19, thereby completing the adsorption and collection treatment of dust in the coal gangue material and avoiding dust spreading everywhere and causing air pollution.

[0042] A blowing mechanism is installed between the adsorption box 13 and the coal collection box 25. The blowing mechanism includes an air blowing component 32 fixedly installed in the coal collection box 25, and an air blowing pipe 31 for blowing air is fixedly connected between the air blowing component 32 and the adsorption box 13. The adsorption box 13 is provided with a dust discharge box 36 on the side for discharging dust. The dust entering the adsorption box 13 will be blocked by the filter inclined plate 35 and will not be able to pass through the filter inclined plate 35. The air will pass through the filter inclined plate 35 and be discharged through the air blowing pipe 31. The dust will accumulate on the side of the filter inclined plate 35 and can be collected and processed through the dust discharge box 36.

[0043] Multiple air nozzles 33 for blowing pressurized airflow are fixedly connected to the air blowing component 32. A sorting baffle 37 for separating coal and gangue is fixedly installed inside the coal collection box 25. The high-pressure gas blown out by the air nozzles 33 acts on the falling coal and gangue, causing the lighter coal and heavier gangue to fall automatically to both sides of the sorting baffle 37. The air blown out of the air blowing pipe 31 will be injected into the air blowing component 32, and after being pressurized by the air blowing component 32, it will be sprayed out through the air blowing nozzle 33. The airflow sprayed out by the air blowing nozzle 33 will come into contact with the falling coal material and automatically achieve the sorting of the coal material.

[0044] As per the instruction manual Figure 15 As shown, if the falling coal material is not affected by the airflow inside the air nozzle 33, the coal material will fall freely under the action of gravity and fall to the right side of the sorting baffle 37. When the air nozzle 33 opens to blow airflow, the coal and the gangue mixed in it will come into contact with the airflow when falling. Since the coal has a small mass, it will be blown by the airflow and move from right to left, and then fall to the left side of the sorting baffle 37. For the same volume, the mass of gangue is relatively large, and the airflow cannot blow the gangue to move. That is, the falling of the gangue will not be affected by the airflow, so it will continue to fall vertically and land on the right side of the sorting baffle 37. This can automatically realize the secondary sorting of coal and gangue. This allows the coal material that has been sorted by the vibrating sorting plate 23 to be sorted again, and the small amount of gangue mixed in with the coal after the first sorting is further sorted to further improve the purity of the coal collection.

[0045] The coal collection box 25 is equipped with two graded discharge components 6 for conveying coal and gangue respectively. After the coal and gangue are sorted, they will fall on both sides of the sorting baffle 37, and can be discharged and collected through the corresponding graded discharge components 6 to complete the thorough sorting of coal and gangue.

[0046] The working principle of this sorting device is as follows: When sorting coal gangue, the coal gangue is first poured into the sorting cylinder 9 through the feed hopper 3. Then, the servo motor 7 is started to drive the drive roller 10 to rotate. The rotation of the drive roller 10 will drive the linkage roller 14 to rotate through the transmission belt 15. When the linkage roller 14 rotates, it will drive the spiral conveyor blade 18 in the sorting cylinder 9 to rotate synchronously. When the spiral conveyor blade 18 rotates, the coal gangue material in the sorting cylinder 9 will be automatically conveyed. When the coal gangue is conveyed in the sorting cylinder 9, the slag inside will move synchronously and will come into contact with multiple discharge holes 16 on the side of the sorting cylinder 9 while moving. At this time, the smaller slag in the coal gangue material will automatically fall into the conveying frame 8 through the multiple discharge holes 16, so that the slag can be automatically separated during the coal gangue conveying process.

[0047] As the drive roller 10 rotates, it drives the impeller 34 to rotate. When the impeller 34 rotates, it generates a negative pressure suction force in the adsorption box 13. The negative pressure suction force in the adsorption box 13 acts on the adsorption tube 20. Thus, when coal gangue material is conveyed in the sorting cylinder 9, the dust in the sorting cylinder 9 is adsorbed into the adsorption box 13 through the dust suction cylinder 19 and the adsorption tube 20, completing the adsorption and collection treatment of dust in the coal gangue material and avoiding dust from spreading everywhere and causing air pollution.

[0048] When the coal gangue after screening and crushing is conveyed to the leftmost end of the sorting cylinder 9, it will automatically fall into the feeding box 17 and fall evenly onto the vibrating sorting plate 23 after being arranged in the feeding box 17. At this time, the vibration component can be started to drive the vibrating sorting plate 23 to vibrate back and forth. When the vibrating sorting plate 23 vibrates, it will drive the coal gangue material on it to vibrate synchronously. During vibration, the heavier gangue of the same volume will slide to both sides of the vibrating sorting plate 23 under the action of gravity and inertia, while the lighter coal blocks will slide down along the inclined direction of the vibrating sorting plate 23 as a whole, thus automatically realizing the vibration separation of coal blocks and gangue.

[0049] During vibration sorting, the gangue moving to both sides will fall into the gangue collection box 11 through the gangue conveying port 24, and will be automatically discharged through the gangue discharge device 5, thus completing the automatic collection of gangue.

[0050] After vibration sorting, the coal blocks will be transported to the end of the vibration sorting plate 23 and will automatically fall into the coal block collection box 25. The dust entering the adsorption box 13 will be blocked by the filter inclined plate 35 and will not be able to pass through the filter inclined plate 35. The air will pass through the filter inclined plate 35 and then be discharged through the air blowing pipe 31. The air blown out of the air pipe 31 will be injected into the air blowing component 32, and after being pressurized by the air blowing component 32, it will be sprayed out through the air blowing nozzle 33. The airflow sprayed out by the air blowing nozzle 33 will come into contact with the falling coal material. The coal and the gangue mixed in it will come into contact with the airflow when they fall. At this time, because the coal is relatively small, it will be blown by the airflow and move from right to left, and then fall on the left side of the sorting baffle 37. For the same volume, the mass of gangue is relatively large, and the airflow cannot blow the gangue to move. That is, the falling of the gangue will not be affected by the airflow, so it will continue to fall vertically and land on the right side of the sorting baffle 37. This will allow the coal block material that has been sorted by the vibrating sorting plate 23 to undergo secondary sorting, and further sort out the small amount of gangue mixed in with the coal block after the first sorting.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transport, comprising a sorting box (1) for sorting coal blocks and gangue, characterized in that, Also includes: The impurity removal unit is set inside the sorting box (1) and includes a conveying component and a discharge component. The conveying component is provided with a spiral conveying blade (18) for conveying coal blocks and gangue, and the discharge component is provided with multiple discharge holes (16). Through the cooperation of the discharge component, the slag in the coal blocks and gangue is discharged during the conveying process. The sorting unit is set inside the sorting box (1) and includes a vibration component, a collection component and an adsorption component. The vibration component is equipped with a vibration sorting plate (23). The vibration component is used to drive the vibration sorting plate (23) to vibrate back and forth and realize the automatic sorting of coal blocks and gangue during the vibration process. The collection component is used to collect the sorted gangue and coal blocks respectively. The adsorption component and the discharge component work together to adsorb the dust in the coal blocks and gangue during the conveying process and work together with the collection component to realize the secondary sorting of coal blocks and gangue.

2. The coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the sorting box (1) is equipped with an intelligent control host (2), which is used to control the opening and closing and operation status of the impurity removal unit and the sorting unit, so as to realize the automatic sorting and collection of coal and gangue.

3. The coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The impurity removal unit includes a servo motor (7) fixedly installed in the sorting box (1), and a drive roller (10) for transmitting power is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor (7). A support plate is fixedly installed in the sorting box (1), and the servo motor (7) is located at the lower part of the support plate.

4. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transport according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conveying assembly includes a conveying frame (8) fixedly installed in the sorting box (1), a linkage roller (14) rotatably installed in the sorting box (1), and a transmission belt (15) for transmitting power is sleeved between the linkage roller (14) and the drive roller (10). A sorting cylinder (9) rotatably connected to the linkage roller (14) is fixedly installed on the conveying frame (8). A spiral conveying blade (18) is fixedly installed on the linkage roller (14) and is located in the sorting cylinder (9). A feed hopper (3) for placing coal blocks and gangue is fixedly connected to the sorting cylinder (9). A plurality of dispersing rods (21) for assisting in the conveying of coal blocks and gangue are fixedly installed on the spiral conveying blade (18).

5. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transport according to claim 4, characterized in that, The discharge assembly includes a discharge component (4) for discharging coal blocks and gangue slag, which is fixedly installed on the conveying frame (8). Multiple discharge holes (16) are opened on the side of the sorting cylinder (9). A feeding box (17) for conveying coal blocks and gangue is fixedly connected to the sorting cylinder (9), and two discharge partitions (22) for arranging coal blocks and gangue are fixedly installed inside the feeding box (17).

6. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transport according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vibration assembly includes a vibration frame (12) fixedly installed in the sorting box (1), and a vibration sorting plate (23) slidably installed in the vibration frame (12). The discharge port of the feeding box (17) is located directly below the vibration frame (12). The vibration sorting plate (23) is inclined, and the end face shape of the vibration sorting plate (23) is set with the middle position high and the two ends low. A driving mechanism is provided between the vibration sorting plate (23) and the driving roller (10).

7. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transport according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a vibrating wheel (26) fixedly mounted on the driving roller (10), and a plurality of vibrating protrusions (29) fixedly mounted on the vibrating wheel (26). A vibrating frame (28) is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the vibrating sorting plate (23), and a driven protrusion (30) cooperating with the plurality of vibrating protrusions (29) is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the vibrating frame (28). A plurality of vibrating spring rods (27) are fixedly mounted between the bottom of the vibrating sorting plate (23) and the vibrating frame (12).

8. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt transport according to claim 7, characterized in that, The collection assembly includes two gangue conveying ports (24) on both sides of the vibrating frame (12) for conveying gangue, and two gangue collection boxes (11) that are respectively matched with the corresponding gangue conveying ports (24) are fixedly installed on the support plate. Both gangue collection boxes (11) are provided with gangue discharge parts (5) for discharging gangue. A coal block collection box (25) for collecting coal blocks is fixedly installed on the support plate, and the coal block collection box (25) is located at the end of the vibrating sorting plate (23).

9. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The adsorption assembly includes an adsorption box (13) fixedly installed in the sorting box (1) and rotatably connected to the drive roller (10). A filter inclined plate (35) for filtering dust is fixedly installed in the adsorption box (13). A fan impeller (34) for generating negative pressure suction is fixedly installed on the drive roller (10). The fan impeller (34) is located between the inner wall of the adsorption box (13) and the filter inclined plate (35). An adsorption tube (20) for adsorbing dust is fixedly connected between the adsorption box (13) and the sorting cylinder (9). A dust suction cylinder (19) for adsorbing dust in the sorting cylinder (9) is fixedly installed on the adsorption tube (20). The dust suction cylinder (19) is located between the spiral conveying blades (18). A blowing mechanism is installed between the adsorption box (13) and the coal block collection box (25).

10. A coal gangue sorting device without conveyor belt as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The blowing mechanism includes an air blowing component (32) fixedly installed in the coal collection box (25), and an air blowing pipe (31) for blowing air is fixedly connected between the air blowing component (32) and the adsorption box (13). Multiple air blowing nozzles (33) for blowing pressurized airflow are fixedly connected to the air blowing component (32). A sorting baffle (37) for separating coal and gangue is fixedly installed in the coal collection box (25), and two graded discharge components (6) for conveying coal and gangue are provided on the coal collection box (25). The high-pressure gas blown out by the air nozzle (33) acts on the falling coal and gangue, causing the lighter coal and heavier gangue to fall automatically to both sides of the sorting baffle (37).

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