Unmanned aerial vehicle photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device and method.The unmanned aerial vehicle photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, an air blowing mechanism, a washing mechanism, a cleaning agent spraying mechanism and a brushing mechanism are arranged at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the cleaning agent spraying mechanism is arranged between the air blowing mechanism and the washing mechanism; the brushing mechanism is arranged on the other side of the flushing mechanism; the blowing mechanism, the flushing mechanism, the cleaning agent spraying mechanism and the brushing mechanism are all in control connection with the control mechanism; the blowing mechanism is configured to blow off dust on the photovoltaic panel; the flushing mechanism is configured to perform cleaning and dust removal on the photovoltaic panel; the cleaning agent spraying mechanism is configured to be used for washing the photovoltaic panel; the scrubbing mechanism is configured to perform scrubbing and dust removal on the photovoltaic panel; according to the invention, the defects of high cost, poor flexibility, high risk, inconvenient management and the like of the existing manual and fixed equipment cleaning mode are effectively overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of water spray dust removal devices, specifically a drone photovoltaic cleaning water spray dust removal device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the cleaning of photovoltaic panel surfaces mainly relies on manual cleaning or fixed automatic cleaning equipment, which has problems such as low efficiency and incomplete cleaning. Especially for large-scale, dispersed photovoltaic power plants, manual cleaning is costly and risky. Traditional cleaning equipment often cannot flexibly adapt to photovoltaic panels with different installation angles and heights. Although some devices are equipped with brushing structures, their adjustment precision is poor, and they cannot adjust the cleaning parameters in real time according to the condition of the photovoltaic panel surface, which affects the overall cleaning efficiency and quality. Meanwhile, drones are also used for cleaning photovoltaic surfaces. However, drones are prone to safety accidents such as collisions, deviations from flight paths, or accidental injuries to personnel during flight and operation. In addition, the lack of real-time monitoring and data recording functions in the cleaning process makes it impossible for maintenance personnel to keep track of the cleaning status and equipment operation in a timely manner, making it difficult to carry out accurate maintenance and effect evaluation. Although some equipment has basic control modules, it lacks unified scheduling and remote interaction capabilities, which limits its application in large or remote photovoltaic power plants. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drone photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device and method, which solves the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drone photovoltaic cleaning and dust removal device, comprising a drone body, wherein a blower mechanism, a rinsing mechanism, a cleaning agent spraying mechanism and a brushing mechanism are provided at the bottom of the drone body, wherein the cleaning agent spraying mechanism is located between the blower mechanism and the rinsing mechanism, and the brushing mechanism is located on the other side of the rinsing mechanism. The blower mechanism, rinsing mechanism, cleaning agent spraying mechanism, and brushing mechanism are all connected to the control mechanism. The blower mechanism is configured to blow away dust from the photovoltaic panel; The rinsing mechanism is configured to clean and remove dust from the photovoltaic panels; The cleaning agent spraying mechanism is configured to rinse the photovoltaic panels; The brushing mechanism is configured to brush and remove dust from the photovoltaic panels.

[0005] Preferably, the blower mechanism includes a fixed frame with a triangular prism structure, all electric slide rails are fixed on the inner side of each side wall of the fixed frame, a movable slide block is slidably connected on the electric slide rail, and a hydraulic telescopic rod is provided on the movable slide block; the free ends of the three hydraulic telescopic rods are all mounted on the blower.

[0006] Preferably, the rinsing mechanism includes a fixed base, on which an installation frame is fixed, and on which a detergent storage tank and a slide rail are provided; A first electric telescopic rod is fixed to the top of the slide rail, and a backing plate is connected to the drive end of the first electric telescopic rod. The backing plate is slidably installed on the slide rail. A first drive motor is installed on the back plate. The drive end of the first drive motor is connected to a main gear. The main gear meshes with a driven gear. The driven gear is installed on a fixed lifting seat. Multiple nozzles are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the side wall of the fixed lifting seat. The nozzle is connected to the cleaning agent storage tank.

[0007] Preferably, the cleaning agent spraying mechanism includes a liquid storage tank and two second electric telescopic rods, the drive ends of which are respectively fixed on the top two sides of the device fixing frame; The bottom of the device mounting frame is equipped with multiple nozzles; the nozzles are connected to the liquid storage tank.

[0008] Preferably, the scrubbing mechanism includes two third electric telescopic rods, the drive ends of which are fixed to the top of the scrubbing frame; A second drive motor is installed on the brushing frame, and the drive end of the second drive motor is connected to a bevel gear assembly and a cleaning brush respectively through a turntable assembly. The bevel gear assembly is connected to two cleaning discs.

[0009] Preferably, the turntable assembly includes a double-track turntable, a first turntable, and a second turntable, wherein: The dual-rail turntable is connected to the second drive motor for driving; The dual-rail turntable is connected to the first turntable and the second turntable via two transmission belts respectively; The first and second turntables are respectively placed on both sides of the second drive motor; The first turntable is connected to a cleaning brush via a drive mechanism; the second turntable is connected to a bevel gear assembly via a drive mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the bevel gear assembly includes a master bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a meshing disc, and a master disc, wherein: The second turntable is fixed on the second rotating shaft, and a main bevel gear is installed at each end of the second rotating shaft. Each main bevel gear is meshed with a driven bevel gear. The bevel gear is meshed with a gear-engaging turntable, which is connected to a cleaning disc via a transmission belt.

[0011] Preferably, the first turntable is fixed on the first rotating shaft, and a cleaning brush is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the control mechanism also controls a distance sensor and an infrared sensor connected to it.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal, based on the aforementioned device, comprising the following steps: Control the drone to fly over the photovoltaic panels that need to be cleaned; Start the blower mechanism to blow away the dust from the surface of the photovoltaic panels; Start the cleaning agent spraying mechanism to spray cleaning agent onto the surface of the photovoltaic panels; Start the scrubbing mechanism to scrub the photovoltaic panels that have been sprayed with cleaning agent; Start the rinsing mechanism to rinse the photovoltaic panels after brushing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a drone-based photovoltaic cleaning and dust removal device. Through pre-treatment with a powerful blower mechanism, it effectively removes surface dust and debris, significantly reducing water consumption and brushing resistance during subsequent cleaning, thus improving overall cleaning efficiency and conserving water resources. The device then employs a three-step synergistic process of cleaning agent spraying, high-pressure rinsing, and mechanical brushing to thoroughly remove stubborn stains, bird droppings, and other deposits from the photovoltaic panel surface. This solves the problem of incomplete cleaning using traditional methods and helps restore the photovoltaic panel's power generation efficiency. Furthermore, this device enables remote control and real-time monitoring of cleaning operations, allowing the drone to flexibly adapt to photovoltaic arrays in different installation environments. It also effectively avoids flight collisions and personal injury risks through distance and infrared sensing, significantly improving operational safety.

[0015] In summary, this device combines the mobility of a drone platform with a multi-functional cleaning terminal and is supplemented by intelligent control to form an efficient, thorough, safe, and automated cleaning solution suitable for large-scale photovoltaic power plants. It effectively overcomes many shortcomings of existing manual and fixed equipment cleaning modes, such as high cost, poor flexibility, high risk, and inconvenient management. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure involved in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rinsing mechanism structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning brush structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning disc structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blower mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; The components include: 1. UAV body; 2. Blowering mechanism; 201. Fixed frame; 202. Electric slide rail; 203. Movable slide base; 204. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 205. Blower; 3. Flushing mechanism; 301. Fixed base; 302. Mounting frame; 303. Cleaning agent storage tank; 304. Small delivery pump; 305. Spray head; 306. Fixed lifting seat; 307. Drive gear; 308. Main gear; 309. First drive motor; 3010. Backing plate; 3011. Slide rail; 3012. First electric telescopic rod; 3013. Rectangular fixed frame; Cleaning agent spraying mechanism; 401. Liquid storage tank; 402. Water pump; 403. Spray head; 404. Device mounting frame; 405. 501. Second electric telescopic rod; 502. Brushing mechanism; 503. Third electric telescopic rod; 504. Brushing frame; 505. Second drive motor; 506. Double-rail turntable; 507. First turntable; 508. Cleaning brush; 509. Cleaning disc; 5010. Second turntable; 5011. Main bevel gear; 5012. Driven bevel gear; 5013. Gear-meshing turntable; 5014. Main turntable; 6. Control mechanism; 601. Fixing device plate; 602. Wireless signal receiver; 603. Signal transmitter; 604. PLC controller; 605. Data storage device; 606. GPS positioning module; 7. Distance sensor; 701. Infrared sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0018] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0019] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0020] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once detected [the described condition or event]," or "in response to detection [the described condition or event]."

[0021] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a drone photovoltaic cleaning and dust removal device, including a drone body 1. A blower mechanism 2, a rinsing mechanism 3, a cleaning agent spraying mechanism 4, and a brushing mechanism 5 are provided at one bottom end of the drone body 1, wherein: The cleaning agent spraying mechanism 4 is located between the blower mechanism 2 and the rinsing mechanism 3, and the brushing mechanism 5 is located on the other side of the rinsing mechanism 3.

[0024] The control mechanism 6 is provided on the side wall of the UAV body 1.

[0025] The blower mechanism is configured to blow away dust from the photovoltaic panel; The rinsing mechanism is configured to clean and remove dust from the photovoltaic panels; The cleaning agent spraying mechanism is configured to rinse the photovoltaic panels; The brushing mechanism is configured to brush and remove dust from the photovoltaic panels.

[0026] Example 2 like Figure 5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a drone photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device. The blower mechanism 2 includes a fixed frame 201 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drone body 1. The fixed frame 201 includes three inverted L-shaped fixing rods, which are connected to form a triangular prism structure.

[0027] The horizontal sections of the three inverted L-shaped fixing rods are connected by fixing plates.

[0028] The vertical sections of the three inverted L-shaped fixing rods are connected by connecting rods.

[0029] Electric slide rails 202 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the three inverted L-shaped fixing rods. A movable slide block 203 is slidably connected to the electric slide rails 202, and a hydraulic telescopic rod 204 is movably connected to the movable slide block 203.

[0030] The free ends of the three hydraulic telescopic rods 204 are all mounted on the blower 205.

[0031] In practical use, during photovoltaic cleaning and dust removal, a blower 205 is used to blow away the dust on the photovoltaic panel before cleaning. After the drone flies to the designated photovoltaic panel, it slides up and down via the movable slide block 203 on the electric slide rail 202. The hydraulic telescopic rod 204 on the movable slide block 203 can be adjusted to allow the blower 205 to approach the surface of the photovoltaic panel. When blowing air, the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic rod 204 facilitates the adjustment of the blower 205, thereby making it convenient to blow away dust from the photovoltaic panel.

[0032] Example 3 like Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a drone photovoltaic cleaning and dust removal device. The rinsing mechanism 3 includes a fixed base 301 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drone body 1. An installation frame 302 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the fixed base 301. A cleaning agent storage tank 303 is provided at the bottom end of the installation frame 302. One side of the cleaning agent storage tank 303 is connected to the inlet of a small delivery pump 304 through a pipe. The outlet of the small delivery pump 304 is connected to the spray head 305 through a pipe.

[0033] Multiple nozzles 305 are provided, and multiple nozzles 305 are arranged side by side on a fixed lifting base 306. A driven gear 307 is provided at the top of one end of the fixed lifting base 306. A main gear 308 is meshed with one side of the driven gear 307. The main gear 308 is fixedly installed on the first drive motor 309.

[0034] One side of the first drive motor 309 is fixedly connected to the back plate 3010, and one side of the back plate 3010 is slidably connected to the slide rail 3011. A first electric telescopic rod 3012 is provided on the top of the back plate 3010, and a rectangular fixing frame 3013 is fixedly connected to the top of the first electric telescopic rod 3012.

[0035] In practical use, when cleaning and dusting the surface of the photovoltaic panel, a cleaning agent needs to be pre-sprayed to facilitate thorough cleaning and dust removal. The extension and retraction of the first electric telescopic rod 3012 facilitates the up-and-down adjustment of the backing plate 3010 on the slide rail 3011, bringing the spray nozzle 305 closer to the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The rotation of the first drive motor 309 drives the main gear 308 to rotate, which in turn engages the driven gear 307 to open or close the adjusting and fixing lifting seat 306, thus facilitating the even spraying of the cleaning agent onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The small delivery pump 304 delivers the cleaning agent from the cleaning agent storage tank 303 evenly to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, thus facilitating the removal of surface stains during cleaning.

[0036] Example 4 like Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a drone photovoltaic cleaning and dust removal device. The cleaning agent spraying mechanism 4 includes a liquid storage tank 401 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed base 301. One side of the liquid storage tank 401 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 402 through a delivery pipe. The outlet of the water pump 402 is connected to several nozzles 403 through a pipe. The top of the several nozzles 403 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the device fixing frame 404.

[0037] The top two sides of the device mounting bracket 404 are fixedly connected to the second electric telescopic rod 405, and the top of the second electric telescopic rod 405 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed base 301.

[0038] In practical use, when cleaning dust from the surface of a photovoltaic panel, to ensure the cleaning effect, a drone is used to fly to the designated photovoltaic panel surface. Then, the two second electric telescopic rods 405 are extended and retracted to push the device fixing frame 404 to adjust its horizontal height, so that the nozzles 403 at the bottom of the device fixing frame 404 can get close to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, thereby facilitating the rinsing of the photovoltaic panel. The water pump 402 is used to transport the rinsing water from the storage tank 401 to several nozzles 403 to spray and wash away the dust from the photovoltaic panel.

[0039] Example 5 like Figure 3 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a drone photovoltaic cleaning and dust removal device. The brushing mechanism 5 includes two third electric telescopic rods 501 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drone body 1. A brushing frame 502 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the third electric telescopic rods 501. A second drive motor 503 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the brushing frame 502. A double-rail turntable 504 is fixedly connected to the transmission end of the second drive motor 503. A first turntable 505 and a second turntable 506 are connected to the outer side of the double-rail turntable 504 via a transmission belt.

[0040] A first rotating shaft 507 is fixedly connected to one side of the first turntable 505, and a cleaning brush 508 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first rotating shaft 507.

[0041] A second rotating shaft 5010 is fixedly connected to one side of the second rotating disk 506. A main bevel gear 5011 is fixedly connected to both ends of the second rotating shaft 5010. A driven bevel gear 5012 is meshed with one side of the main bevel gear 5011. A gear-engaging rotating disk 5013 is meshed with the bottom end of the driven bevel gear 5012. A main rotating disk 5014 is connected to the outer side of the gear-engaging rotating disk 5013 via a small belt drive. A cleaning disk 509 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main rotating disk 5014.

[0042] In practical use, when thoroughly cleaning stains on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the extension and retraction of the third electric telescopic rod 501 facilitates the adjustment of the brush frame 502 to approach the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The rotation of the second drive motor 503 drives the double-rail turntable 504 to rotate, which in turn facilitates the transmission belt to drive the first turntable 505 and the second turntable 506 at one end to rotate. During the rotation of the first turntable 505 and the second turntable 506, the first rotating shaft 507 is driven to rotate, allowing the cleaning brush 508 on the outside of the first rotating shaft 507 to clean a large area of ​​the photovoltaic panel. At the same time, the rotation of the second rotating shaft 5010 drives the main bevel gear 5011 to rotate, which in turn engages with the meshing turntable 5013. The rotation of the meshing turntable 5013 drives the main turntable 5014, which in turn drives the cleaning disc 509 to clean the photovoltaic panel.

[0043] Example 6 like Figure 6 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a drone photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device. The control mechanism 6 includes a fixed device plate 601. A wireless signal receiver 602 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed device plate 601. A signal transmitter 603 is provided on one side of the wireless signal receiver 602. A PLC controller 604 is provided on one side of the signal transmitter 603. A data storage device 605 is provided on one side of the PLC controller 604. A GPS positioning module 606 is provided on one side of the data storage device 605.

[0044] In practical use, the wireless signal receiver 602 and signal transmitter 603 on the control mechanism 6 work together to facilitate remote control of the drone cleaning. Information transmission facilitates control of the cleaning and dust removal on the drone. The data storage device 605 records information during the cleaning and dust removal process for later verification. The GPS positioning module 606 facilitates the location of the drone for easy and timely locating.

[0045] A distance sensor 7 is provided on one side of the GPS positioning module 606, and an infrared sensor 701 is provided on the other side of the distance sensor 7.

[0046] In practical use, the distance sensor 7 is used to measure the distance between incoming and outgoing drones, and the infrared sensor 701 is used to detect people at night to prevent accidental injury during flight.

[0047] The blower 205, the first drive motor 309, the first electric telescopic rod 3012, the water pump 402, the second electric telescopic rod 405, the third electric telescopic rod 501, and the second drive motor 503 are all electrically connected to an external power supply via a PLC controller 604. The wireless signal receiver 602, signal transmitter 603, data storage device 605, GPS positioning module 606, distance sensor 7, and infrared sensor 701 are all connected to a PLC controller 604.

[0048] Example 7 This embodiment provides a method for photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal using a drone, comprising the following steps: Control the drone to fly over the photovoltaic panels that need to be cleaned; Start the blower mechanism to blow away the dust from the surface of the photovoltaic panels; Start the cleaning agent spraying mechanism to spray cleaning agent onto the surface of the photovoltaic panels; Start the scrubbing mechanism to scrub the photovoltaic panels that have been sprayed with cleaning agent; Start the rinsing mechanism to rinse the photovoltaic panels after brushing.

[0049] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A drone-based photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device, characterized in that, The drone body includes a blower mechanism, a rinsing mechanism, a cleaning agent spraying mechanism, and a brushing mechanism at the bottom of the drone body. The cleaning agent spraying mechanism is located between the blower mechanism and the rinsing mechanism, and the brushing mechanism is located on the other side of the rinsing mechanism. The blower mechanism, rinsing mechanism, cleaning agent spraying mechanism, and brushing mechanism are all connected to the control mechanism. The blower mechanism is configured to blow away dust from the photovoltaic panel; The rinsing mechanism is configured to clean and remove dust from the photovoltaic panels; The cleaning agent spraying mechanism is configured to rinse the photovoltaic panels; The brushing mechanism is configured to brush and remove dust from the photovoltaic panels.

2. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blower mechanism includes a fixed frame with a triangular prism structure. All electric slide rails are fixed on the inner side of each side wall of the fixed frame. A movable slide block is slidably connected on the electric slide rail. A hydraulic telescopic rod is provided on the movable slide block. The free ends of the three hydraulic telescopic rods are all installed on the blower.

3. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rinsing mechanism includes a fixed base, on which an installation frame is fixed, and on which a detergent storage tank and a slide rail are provided; A first electric telescopic rod is fixed to the top of the slide rail, and a backing plate is connected to the drive end of the first electric telescopic rod. The backing plate is slidably installed on the slide rail. A first drive motor is installed on the back plate. The drive end of the first drive motor is connected to a main gear. The main gear meshes with a driven gear. The driven gear is installed on a fixed lifting seat. Multiple nozzles are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the side wall of the fixed lifting seat. The nozzle is connected to the cleaning agent storage tank.

4. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning agent spraying mechanism includes a liquid storage tank and two second electric telescopic rods, the drive ends of which are respectively fixed on the top two sides of the device fixing frame. The bottom of the device mounting frame is equipped with multiple nozzles; the nozzles are connected to the liquid storage tank.

5. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scrubbing mechanism includes two third electric telescopic rods, the drive ends of which are fixed to the top of the scrubbing frame. A second drive motor is installed on the brushing frame, and the drive end of the second drive motor is connected to a bevel gear assembly and a cleaning brush respectively through a turntable assembly. The bevel gear assembly is connected to two cleaning discs.

6. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The turntable assembly includes a double-track turntable, a first turntable, and a second turntable, wherein: The dual-rail turntable is connected to the second drive motor for driving; The dual-rail turntable is connected to the first turntable and the second turntable via two transmission belts respectively; The first and second turntables are respectively placed on both sides of the second drive motor; The first turntable is connected to a cleaning brush via a drive mechanism; the second turntable is connected to a bevel gear assembly via a drive mechanism.

7. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bevel gear assembly includes a master bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a meshing disc, and a master disc, wherein: The second turntable is fixed on the second rotating shaft, and a main bevel gear is installed at each end of the second rotating shaft. Each main bevel gear is meshed with a driven bevel gear. The bevel gear is meshed with a gear-engaging turntable, which is connected to a cleaning disc via a transmission belt.

8. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first turntable is fixed on the first rotating shaft, and a cleaning brush is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft.

9. The UAV photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control mechanism also controls a distance sensor and an infrared sensor connected to it.

10. A method for photovoltaic cleaning and water spraying dust removal using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), characterized in that, The apparatus based on any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Control the drone to fly over the photovoltaic panels that need to be cleaned; Start the blower mechanism to blow away the dust from the surface of the photovoltaic panels; Start the cleaning agent spraying mechanism to spray cleaning agent onto the surface of the photovoltaic panels; Start the scrubbing mechanism to scrub the photovoltaic panels that have been sprayed with cleaning agent; Start the rinsing mechanism to rinse the photovoltaic panels after brushing.

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