Industrial robot wear-resistant joint shaft production equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses industrial robot wear-resistant joint shaft production equipment and method. The industrial robot wear-resistant joint shaft production equipment comprises a double-chuck machine tool, a joint shaft composite cutting device and a standard ring. According to the device, the mounting sleeve and the mounting frame are concentrically sleeved, and the mounting frame is matched with the main shaft chuck through the positioning clamping groove to achieve circumferential accurate positioning; the sleeve shaft penetrates through the mounting frame and is connected with the rotating sleeve, and a first threaded shaft and a second threaded shaft are coaxially mounted at the lower end of the sleeve shaft and respectively drive the external cutting mechanism and the internal cutting mechanism. The inner and outer cutters are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction and axially penetrate out of the radial hole of the supporting ring in a staggered mode, and the radiuses of cutting edges are consistent after calibration of the standard ring. The first threaded shaft is large in thread pitch, short in length and used for external rough machining; the second threaded shaft is small in thread pitch, long and used for internal cutting finish machining. After external cutting is completed, automatic release is achieved, and internal cutting continues to conduct low-speed feeding, so that coarse-fine integration is achieved. The spindle does not need to be frequently moved for tool changing or cooling, positioning error accumulation is avoided, the machining precision and efficiency are remarkably improved, and the service life of the tool is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, specifically relating to a production equipment and method for wear-resistant joint shafts of industrial robots. Background Technology

[0002] The joints of an industrial robot are a key component, directly affecting its flexibility, precision, and load capacity. A joint typically refers to a rotating or moving assembly that connects various robot parts, allowing these parts to move in multiple degrees of freedom. Each joint is equipped with a drive system, and a speed reducer increases the output torque to achieve precise control.

[0003] In the production process of wear-resistant joint shafts for industrial robots, the high hardness of the joint shaft material causes the tool temperature to rise rapidly during cutting. This not only shortens the tool life but also reduces the precision of the joint shaft after cutting. Existing devices separate the tool from the joint shaft by moving the spindle to allow the tool to cool down naturally or through coolant flushing. However, frequent spindle movements accumulate spindle displacement errors, leading to a decrease in the machining precision of the joint shaft. Furthermore, different tools experience varying degrees of wear after cutting due to factors such as material uniformity and temperature changes during manufacturing. This error further affects the precision of subsequent inner circle machining of the joint shaft. Additionally, existing cutting devices fix multiple tools to the same cutter head via threads. This requires individual adjustment of each tool, which not only reduces production efficiency but also indirectly leads to a decrease in the machining precision of the inner circle of the joint shaft due to the reduced number of tool adjustments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a production equipment and method for wear-resistant joint shafts of industrial robots that combines high cutting accuracy and high efficiency. It aims to solve the problems of spindle positioning error accumulation, decreased machining accuracy and reduced production efficiency caused by frequent spindle movement for tool cooling or tool changing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A production equipment for wear-resistant joint shafts of industrial robots includes a double-clamping machine tool and a joint shaft composite cutting device and a standard ring installed on the machine tool. The double-clamping machine tool includes a tailstock end chuck and a spindle end chuck fixedly connected to the front end of the hollow spindle. The tailstock end chuck is used to clamp the joint shaft workpiece. The standard ring is fixed to the end face of the tailstock end chuck. Its inner hole is an inner conical surface, and the inner diameter gradually decreases downward along the axial direction. The center line of the conical hole coincides with the rotation center line of the chuck. Before processing, the radial position of all tools is uniformly calibrated by contacting the cutting component with the inner wall of the standard ring. The articulated shaft composite cutting device includes a mounting sleeve and a mounting bracket. Both the mounting bracket and the mounting sleeve are hollow cylindrical bodies with an axially penetrating central hole and are concentrically fitted together. The mounting bracket is located on the upper part of the outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve. The side wall of the mounting bracket is provided with multiple axially penetrating positioning and clamping grooves, the number of which matches the number of jaws of the machine tool spindle end chuck. The jaws of the machine tool spindle end chuck are embedded in the axially penetrating positioning and clamping grooves on the side wall of the mounting bracket to achieve reliable clamping and precise circumferential positioning of the articulated shaft composite cutting device. The sleeve shaft passes through the top center hole of the mounting bracket and is inserted into the hollow spindle of the machine tool. The sleeve shaft is directly driven by the forward and reverse rotation of the hollow spindle of the machine tool and rotates relative to the stationary mounting bracket. The upper exposed section of the sleeve shaft is equipped with a reversing wheel and a middle wheel from top to bottom. The reversing wheel is fixedly connected to the sleeve shaft, and the middle wheel is rotatably mounted on the sleeve shaft. On the upper surface of the mounting bracket, on both sides of the sleeve shaft, there are a first linkage mechanism and a second linkage mechanism with the same structure that alternately mesh with the middle wheel. At any given time, only one of the linkage mechanisms meshes with the middle wheel. The central axes of the first linkage mechanism, the second linkage mechanism and the sleeve shaft are located on the same straight line. They are configured to drive the rotating sleeve to rotate in opposite directions when the middle wheel rotates forward and backward, and the ratio of the forward rotation angle to the reverse rotation angle is 3:2. A rotating sleeve is fitted onto the lower end of the sleeve shaft. A first threaded shaft located outside the mounting sleeve and a second threaded shaft extending into the mounting sleeve are sequentially mounted on the bottom end of the rotating sleeve. The pitch and major diameter of the first threaded shaft are both greater than the pitch of the second threaded shaft, and the thread length of the first threaded shaft is less than the thread length of the second threaded shaft. An external cutting mechanism for roughing and an internal cutting mechanism for finishing are respectively fitted onto the first threaded shaft and the second threaded shaft. The internal cutting mechanism, the mounting sleeve, and the external cutting mechanism are arranged in a nested manner in the radial direction. The outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve is provided with several sets of non-through guide grooves equidistantly distributed along the circumference. Each non-adjacent guide groove has a guide hole, forming an alternating hole structure. A support ring is nested at the bottom of the mounting sleeve. The outer cylindrical surface of the support ring has multiple radial support holes evenly distributed circumferentially. Each support hole corresponds one-to-one with a guide groove in circumferential position. The cutting blade of the internal cutting mechanism is led out through the guide groove with the guide hole and passes through the corresponding support hole, while the cutting blade of the external cutting mechanism is led out from the guide groove area without a guide hole, thus achieving alternating arrangement of internal and external cutting tools in the circumferential direction. The bottoms of two adjacent support holes are located on the same axial plane, with different hole heights, allowing the cutting blades of the external and internal cutting mechanisms to pass through respectively, thus forming the axial position offset required for calibration. The first and second threaded shafts are synchronously driven by the same rotating sleeve, so that the cutting blade of the inner cutting mechanism extends at a slower speed than the cutting blade of the outer cutting mechanism. When the outer cutting mechanism disengages from the first threaded shaft, it stops feeding, and the inner cutting mechanism continues to extend slowly under the drive of the second threaded shaft with a smaller pitch. This allows the joint shaft to be rough-machined quickly by the outer cutting mechanism and then fine-machined slowly by the inner cutting mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the external cutting mechanism includes a first internal thread plate threaded to the middle of the first threaded shaft. Multiple sets of first connecting plates are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the bottom surface of the first internal thread plate. The bottom end of the multiple sets of first connecting plates is provided with a first threaded sleeve that fits onto the outer side of the mounting sleeve. A first clamping sleeve is threaded to the outer side of the first threaded sleeve. Multiple sets of first cone blocks are circumferentially slidably sleeved between the first threaded sleeve and the first clamping sleeve. A first sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved on the top of each first cone block. A first slider is installed on the bottom side of the first sliding sleeve near the rotating sleeve, which slides in contact with the inner side of the first threaded sleeve. The first slider slides in contact with the inner side of the first threaded sleeve. Multiple sets of first sliders are slidably sleeved on the bottom of multiple sets of guide grooves without guide holes. A first cutting blade made of high-speed steel is slidably sleeved on the bottom side of the multiple sets of first sliders away from the rotating sleeve. Each cutting blade slides through a corresponding support hole and can move radially. A first chamfer is provided at the junction of the inner cylindrical surface of the first clamping sleeve and the bottom surface of the first threaded sleeve. Each first cone has a first inclined surface that slides in contact with the first chamfer on the side away from the rotating sleeve. When the first clamping sleeve is rotated in the reverse direction, the first clamping sleeve rotates upward along the first threaded sleeve. At this time, the first clamping sleeve stops pressing the first cone in the direction of the first threaded sleeve, and the first clamping sleeve and the first threaded sleeve become loose. When the first clamping sleeve is rotated in the forward direction, the first clamping sleeve rotates downward along the first threaded sleeve. At this time, the first clamping sleeve presses the first cone in the direction of the first threaded sleeve, so that the vertical position of the first cone, the first sliding sleeve, the first slider, and the first cutting blade relative to the first threaded sleeve remains unchanged. The surface between the first clamping sleeve and the first cone is smooth, thereby reducing the resistance when the first cone rotates downward. The contact surface between the first threaded sleeve and the first cone is rough, thereby increasing the frictional resistance between the first threaded sleeve and the first cone.

[0007] Furthermore, the internal cutting mechanism includes a second internal thread plate that is threaded to the middle of the second threaded shaft. Multiple sets of second connecting plates are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the bottom circumference of the second internal thread plate. A second threaded sleeve is installed at the bottom of the second connecting plate. Multiple sets of second clamping sleeves are slidably sleeved at equal intervals on the inner circumference of the second threaded sleeve. A second sliding sleeve is fixedly installed at the top of each set of second clamping sleeves. A second slider is provided on the side of the bottom surface of each second sliding sleeve away from the rotating sleeve. Multiple sets of second sliders are slidably sleeved at the bottom of the guide groove with a guide hole. A second cutting blade made of cubic boron nitride is slidably sleeved on the side of the bottom end of the second slider away from the rotating sleeve. Each cutting blade is slidably inserted into the corresponding support hole and can move radially. The internal cutting mechanism also includes a rotating block. A connecting pipe and a second conical block are sequentially arranged on the top of the rotating block. The second conical block is threadedly connected to the middle of the second clamping sleeve. A second chamfer is formed at the junction of the outer cylindrical surface and the lower end face of the second conical block. A second inclined surface that slides in contact with the second chamfer is provided on the side of the second clamping sleeve near the rotating sleeve. When the second conical block rotates in the reverse direction, it rotates upward along the second clamping sleeve. At this time, the second conical block stops pressing the second clamping sleeve towards the second threaded sleeve, and loosening occurs between the second clamping sleeve and the second threaded sleeve. When the second conical block rotates in the forward direction, it rotates downward along the second threaded sleeve. At this time, the second conical block presses the second clamping sleeve towards the second threaded sleeve, keeping the vertical positions of the second cutting blade, the second slider, the second sliding sleeve, and the second clamping sleeve and the second threaded sleeve unchanged. The surface between the second clamping sleeve and the second conical block is smooth, thereby reducing the resistance when the second conical block rotates downward. The contact surface between the second threaded sleeve and the second clamping sleeve is rough, thereby increasing the frictional resistance between the second threaded sleeve and the second clamping sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the first linkage mechanism includes a first movable shaft movably sleeved on the upper surface of the mounting bracket. A first connecting wheel and a first half gear are arranged axially from top to bottom on the first movable shaft. The first connecting wheel is fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the first movable shaft and meshes with the reversing wheel. The first half gear is rotatably sleeved on the first movable shaft. Similarly, the second connecting wheel of the second linkage mechanism meshes with the reversing wheel, and the second half gear is rotatably sleeved on the second movable shaft. The first half gear and the second half gear are single-tooth structures, and their teeth are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove. The ratio of the arc lengths of the two grooves is 3:2. The single teeth of the two are staggered in the circumferential direction to ensure that only one of them meshes with the middle wheel at any given time.

[0009] This invention also provides a method for producing wear-resistant joint shafts for industrial robots, comprising the following steps: When the first clamping sleeve and the rotating block are rotated in the opposite direction, the first clamping sleeve rotates relative to the first threaded sleeve and loosens upwards, and the axial compressive force of the first clamping sleeve on the first cone block gradually decreases. When the compressive force is completely released, the threaded connection between the first clamping sleeve and the first threaded sleeve is in a loose state. Similarly, the rotating block drives the connecting pipe to rotate, which in turn drives the second cone block to rotate synchronously. The second cone block loosens along the thread of the second threaded sleeve and moves upwards. When the axial compressive force of the second cone block on the second clamping sleeve is released, the threaded connection between the second clamping sleeve and the second threaded sleeve is in a loose state. Adjusting the axial position of the tailstock end chuck causes the standard ring to move. The inner conical surface of the standard ring pushes the first and second cutting blades to radially retract towards the rotating sleeve. The first cutting blade then drives the first slider, the first sliding sleeve, and the first conical block to move axially in sequence. When the first cutting blade contacts the large-diameter area of ​​the inner conical surface of the standard ring and the second cutting blade contacts the small-diameter area of ​​the inner conical surface of the standard ring, the distance from the cutting edge of both blades to the central axis of the mounting sleeve is consistent, thus completing the radial uniform calibration of all tools. At this time, the first clamping sleeve and the rotating block are rotated in the forward direction. The first clamping sleeve and the second cone block move downward. The first clamping sleeve presses the first cone block to tightly engage with the first threaded sleeve, and the second cone block presses the second clamping sleeve to tightly engage with the second threaded sleeve. The machine tool spindle drives the sleeve shaft to rotate forward, and the power is transmitted to the first connecting wheel via the reversing wheel, which drives the first half gear to rotate and mesh with the intermediate gear, driving the intermediate gear to rotate in the first direction. The first internal threaded plate moves down 3 units on the first threaded shaft. The machine tool spindle drives the sleeve shaft to rotate in reverse, and the power is transmitted to the second connecting wheel via the reversing wheel, which drives the second half gear to rotate and mesh with the intermediate gear, driving the intermediate gear to rotate in the opposite direction. The first internal threaded plate moves up 2 units on the first threaded shaft. The movement of the second connecting plate on the second movable shaft is similar. The major diameter of the first threaded shaft is greater than the pitch of the second threaded shaft, and the thread length of the first threaded shaft is less than the thread length of the second threaded shaft. When the first internal threaded plate is disengaged from the first threaded shaft, the first cutting tool stops feeding, and the second cutting tool continues to extend slowly under the drive of the second threaded shaft with a smaller pitch. Thus, after completing the rapid roughing, the finishing process is automatically continued without moving the spindle or changing the tool.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves reliable clamping and precise circumferential positioning of the joint shaft composite cutting device by providing multiple axially penetrating positioning and clamping slots on the side wall of the mounting frame. The jaws of the chuck at the spindle end of the machine tool are embedded in the axially penetrating positioning and clamping slots on the side wall of the mounting frame. A standard ring is fixed to the end face of the tailstock end chuck. Its inner hole is an inner conical surface with an inner diameter that gradually decreases downward along the axial direction, and the center line of the conical hole coincides with the rotation center line of the chuck. Before machining, by contacting the cutting components with the inner wall of the standard ring, the radial position of all tools can be uniformly calibrated. This effectively compensates for the cutting radius deviation caused by material properties, temperature changes, and wear differences, avoids manual adjustment for each tool, and significantly improves the coaxial accuracy and production efficiency of the inner circle machining of the joint shaft.

[0011] This invention features a radially nested arrangement of an inner cutting mechanism, a mounting sleeve, and an outer cutting mechanism. The outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve has several sets of non-through guide grooves evenly distributed along the circumference. Non-adjacent guide grooves have guide holes, forming an alternating hole structure. A support ring is nested at the bottom of the mounting sleeve. The outer cylindrical surface of the support ring has multiple radial support holes evenly distributed circumferentially. Each support hole corresponds circumferentially to a guide groove. The cutting blade of the inner cutting mechanism is led out through the guide groove with the guide hole and exits through the corresponding support, while the cutting blade of the outer cutting mechanism is led out from the guide groove area without a guide hole, thus achieving an alternating arrangement of inner and outer cutting tools in the circumferential direction. The bottoms of two adjacent support holes are located on the same axial plane, with different hole heights, allowing the cutting blades of the outer and inner cutting mechanisms to pass through respectively, thus creating the axial position offset required for calibration. The pitch of the first threaded shaft is greater than that of the second threaded shaft, which enables the cutting blade at the bottom of the external cutting mechanism to extend towards the side away from the rotating sleeve at a greater speed than the cutting blade at the bottom of the internal cutting mechanism to extend towards the side away from the rotating sleeve. This allows the external cutting mechanism to first perform rough machining on the inner circle of the joint shaft quickly, and then the internal cutting mechanism to perform finish machining on the inner circle of the joint shaft slowly, thereby improving machining efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0012] Furthermore, this invention provides a first and a second linkage mechanism with identical structures that alternately mesh with the central gear on both sides of the upper surface of the mounting frame located on the sleeve shaft. When the mounting frame is used as a static reference frame, the sleeve shaft drives the first linkage mechanism to rotate forward and the second linkage mechanism to rotate in reverse via the reversing wheel. The ratio of the length of the first groove arc to the length of the second groove arc is 3:2. This ensures that when the first half gear meshes with the central gear, the angle at which the first half gear drives the rotating sleeve to rotate forward via the central gear is greater than the angle at which the second half gear drives the rotating sleeve to rotate in reverse via the central gear. This achieves that when the rotating sleeve drives the first internal thread plate to move downward by 3 units each time via the first threaded shaft, it moves upward by 2 units. At this time, the first internal thread plate moves upward via the first connecting plate and the first... The threaded sleeve, the first clamping sleeve, the first cone block, and the first sliding sleeve push the first slider to extend 3 units away from the rotating sleeve, and then retract 2 units towards the rotating sleeve. The second cutting blade works in the same way. This allows the first and second cutting blades to separate from the inner circle of the joint shaft after cutting a certain depth in each pair of joint shafts. The first and second cutting blades are then cooled by natural or coolant flushing. This solves the problem that the high hardness of the joint shaft material causes the cutting blade temperature to exceed its normal temperature in a short time, resulting in a reduced lifespan. At the same time, it overcomes the problem that existing devices separate the tool from the joint shaft by moving the spindle, and frequent spindle movements accumulate spindle displacement errors, causing a decrease in the machining accuracy of the joint shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, this invention incorporates chamfers and bevels in the internal and external cutting mechanisms. By rotating the first clamping sleeve and the second cone block in the forward direction, the first cone block and the second clamping sleeve are loosened, allowing the first cutting blade and the second cone block to either retract towards the rotating sleeve or extend away from it. Then, after multiple sets of first clamping sleeves and second cone blocks are abutted against the inner side of the standard ring, the first clamping sleeve and the second cone block are rotated in the reverse direction to loosen them. This ensures that the distance from the cutting edge of the multiple sets of first cutting blades to the central axis of the mounting sleeve is the same as the distance from the cutting edge of the multiple sets of second cutting blades to the central axis of the mounting sleeve. This allows for unified calibration of all tools before cutting the inner circle of the joint shaft, eliminating edge position deviations caused by material inhomogeneity, temperature fluctuations, etc., and ensuring machining accuracy. Simultaneously, it avoids the defect of traditional bolt-fixed cutter heads requiring individual tool adjustment, improving production efficiency and ensuring sufficient tool adjustment, preventing accuracy degradation due to insufficient tool adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first linkage mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation sleeve structure; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the external cutting mechanism; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the internal cutting mechanism; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cutting mechanism.

[0015] In the diagram: 1-Mounting sleeve; 101-Guide groove; 102-Guide hole; 103-Support ring; 104-Support hole; 2-Mounting bracket; 3-Rotating sleeve; 301-First threaded shaft; 302-Second threaded shaft; 4-Intermediate wheel; 5-Sleeve shaft; 6-Reversing wheel; 7-First linkage mechanism; 701-First movable shaft; 702-First half gear; 703-First connecting wheel; 8-Second linkage mechanism; 801-Second movable shaft; 802-Second half gear; 803-Second connecting wheel; 9-External cutting mechanism; 901-First internal thread plate; 902-First connecting plate; 903-First threaded sleeve; 904-First clamping sleeve; 905-First cone block; 906-First sliding sleeve; 907-First slider; 908-First cutting blade; 10-Internal cutting mechanism; 1001-Second internal threaded plate; 1002-Second connecting plate; 1003-Second threaded sleeve; 1004-Second clamping sleeve; 1005-Second sliding sleeve; 1006-Second slider; 1007-Second cutting blade; 1008-Second cone block; 1009-Connecting pipe; 1010-Rotating block; 11-Standard ring. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] This embodiment describes a production equipment for wear-resistant joint shafts of industrial robots, including a double-clamp machine tool and a joint shaft composite cutting device and a standard ring 11 mounted on the machine tool. The double-clamp machine tool includes a tailstock end chuck and a spindle end chuck fixedly connected to the front end of the hollow spindle. The tailstock end chuck is used to clamp the joint shaft workpiece. The standard ring 11 is fixed to the end face of the tailstock end chuck. Its inner hole is an inner conical surface, and the inner diameter gradually decreases downward along the axial direction. The center line of the conical hole coincides with the rotation center line of the chuck. Before machining, by contacting the cutting component with the inner wall of the standard ring 11, the radial position of all tools can be uniformly calibrated. This can effectively compensate for the cutting radius deviation caused by material properties, temperature changes, and wear differences, avoid manual adjustment for each tool, and significantly improve the coaxial accuracy and production efficiency of the inner circle machining of the joint shaft.

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the joint shaft composite cutting device includes a mounting sleeve 1 and a mounting bracket 2. Both the mounting bracket 2 and the mounting sleeve 1 are hollow cylindrical bodies with an axial through-center hole and are concentrically fitted together. The mounting bracket 2 is located on the upper part of the outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve 1. Several sets of non-through guide grooves 101 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve 1. The non-adjacent guide grooves 101 are provided with guide holes 102, forming an alternating hole structure. A support ring 103 is nested at the bottom of the mounting sleeve 1. The outer cylindrical surface of the support ring 103 is provided with multiple radial support holes 104 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Each support hole 104 corresponds to a guide groove 101 in a circumferential position. The cutting blade of the inner cutting mechanism 10 is led out through the guide groove 101 with the guide hole 102 and passes through the corresponding support hole 104. The cutting blade of the outer cutting mechanism 9 is led out from the area of ​​the guide groove 101 without the guide hole 102, so as to realize the alternating arrangement of inner and outer tools in the circumferential direction. The bottom of two adjacent support holes 104 are located on the same axial plane, and the hole heights are different, allowing the cutting blades of the outer cutting mechanism 9 and the inner cutting mechanism 10 to pass through respectively, so as to form the axial position offset required for calibration.

[0019] The mounting bracket 2 has multiple axially penetrating positioning and clamping slots on its side wall. The number of slots matches the number of jaws on the machine tool spindle end chuck. The jaws of the machine tool spindle end chuck are embedded in the axially penetrating positioning and clamping slots on the side wall of the mounting bracket 2 to achieve reliable clamping and precise circumferential positioning of the joint axis composite cutting device.

[0020] The sleeve shaft 5 passes through the top center hole of the mounting bracket 2 and is inserted into the hollow spindle of the machine tool. The sleeve shaft 5 is directly driven by the forward and reverse rotation of the hollow spindle of the machine tool and rotates relative to the stationary mounting bracket 2. The upper exposed section of the sleeve shaft 5 is equipped with a reversing wheel 6 and a middle wheel 4 from top to bottom. The reversing wheel 6 is fixedly connected to the sleeve shaft 5, and the middle wheel 4 is rotatably mounted on the sleeve shaft 5.

[0021] On the upper surface of the mounting bracket 2, on both sides of the sleeve shaft 5, are a first linkage mechanism 7 and a second linkage mechanism 8 with identical structures, and the central axes of the first linkage mechanism 7, the second linkage mechanism 8, and the sleeve shaft 5 are on the same straight line. The first linkage mechanism 7 includes a first movable shaft 701 movably sleeved on the upper surface of the mounting bracket 2. A first connecting wheel 703 and a first half gear 702 are arranged axially from top to bottom on the first movable shaft 701. The first connecting wheel 703 is fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the first movable shaft 701 and meshes with the reversing wheel 6. The first half gear 702 is rotatably sleeved on the first movable shaft 701. Similarly, the second connecting wheel 803 of the second linkage mechanism 8 meshes with the reversing wheel 6, and the second half gear 802 is rotatably sleeved on the second movable shaft 801.

[0022] The first half gear 702 and the second half gear 802 are single-tooth structures, with a first groove and a second groove respectively on their teeth. The ratio of the arc lengths of the two grooves is 3:2. The single teeth of the two are staggered in the circumferential direction to ensure that only one of them meshes with the middle gear 4 at any given time. When the sleeve shaft 5 rotates in the forward direction, the power is transmitted to the first connecting wheel 703 via the reversing wheel 6, which drives the first half gear 702 to rotate and mesh with the middle wheel 4, driving the middle wheel 4 to rotate in the first direction; when the sleeve shaft 5 rotates in the reverse direction, the power is transmitted to the second connecting wheel 803 via the reversing wheel 6, which drives the second half gear 802 to rotate and mesh with the middle wheel 4, driving the middle wheel 4 to rotate in the opposite direction; the lower end of the sleeve shaft 5 is fitted with a rotating sleeve 3, and the bottom end of the rotating sleeve 3 is sequentially fitted with a first threaded shaft 301 located outside the mounting sleeve 1 and a second threaded shaft 302 extending into the mounting sleeve 1, wherein the pitch and major diameter of the first threaded shaft 301 are both greater than the pitch of the second threaded shaft 302, and the thread length of the first threaded shaft 301 is less than the thread length of the second threaded shaft 302. The external cutting mechanism 9 for roughing and the internal cutting mechanism 10 for finishing are respectively sleeved on the first threaded shaft 301 and the second threaded shaft 302. The internal cutting mechanism 10, the mounting sleeve 1, and the external cutting mechanism 9 are arranged in a nested manner in the radial direction. By controlling the rotation direction of the sleeve shaft 5, the forward and reverse rotation of the intermediate gear 4 can be achieved. Thus, when the first half gear 702 meshes with the intermediate gear 4, the angle at which the first half gear 702 drives the rotating sleeve 3 to rotate forward through the intermediate gear 4 is greater than the angle at which the second half gear 802 drives the rotating sleeve 3 to rotate backward through the intermediate gear 4. This allows the external cutting mechanism 9 to move downward 3 units on the first threaded shaft 301 and then immediately retract upward 2 units. This means that for every reciprocating stroke completed, the external cutting mechanism 9 advances outward by 1 unit of effective distance relative to the rotating sleeve 3. The same applies to the internal cutting mechanism 10. This allows the external cutting mechanism 9 and the internal cutting mechanism 10 to separate from the workpiece of the joint shaft after cutting the inner circle of the joint shaft to a certain depth. This enables timely cooling and heat dissipation of the tool, effectively controls the cutting temperature rise, and extends the tool life. At the same time, it avoids the cumulative positioning error caused by frequent spindle movement in the traditional method, ensuring high-precision machining of the joint shaft.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, the external cutting mechanism 9 includes a first internal thread plate 901 threadedly connected to the middle of the first threaded shaft 301. Multiple sets of first connecting plates 902 are fixedly mounted circumferentially on the bottom surface of the first internal thread plate 901. A first threaded sleeve 903 is fitted onto the outer side of the mounting sleeve 1 at the bottom end of each set of first connecting plates 902. A first clamping sleeve 904 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the first threaded sleeve 903. Multiple sets of first cone blocks 905 are circumferentially slidably fitted between the first threaded sleeve 903 and the first clamping sleeve 904. A first clamping sleeve 904 is slidably fitted onto the top of each first cone block 905. A sliding sleeve 906 has a first slider 907 installed on the bottom side of the first sliding sleeve 906 near the rotating sleeve 3, which slides in contact with the inner side of the first threaded sleeve 903. The first slider 907 slides in contact with the inner side of the first threaded sleeve 903. Multiple sets of first sliders 907 are slidably sleeved on the bottom of multiple sets of guide grooves 101 without guide holes 102. On the bottom side of the multiple sets of first sliders 907 away from the rotating sleeve 3, a first cutting blade 908 made of high-speed steel is slidably sleeved. Each cutting blade slides through the corresponding support hole 104 and can move radially.

[0024] A first chamfer is provided at the junction of the inner cylindrical surface of the first clamping sleeve 904 and the bottom surface of the first threaded sleeve 903. Each first cone block 905 has a first inclined surface that slides in contact with the first chamfer on the side away from the rotating sleeve 3. This allows the first clamping sleeve 904 to rotate upward along the first threaded sleeve 903 when the first clamping sleeve 904 is rotated in the opposite direction. At this time, the first clamping sleeve 904 stops pressing the first cone block 905 in the direction of the first threaded sleeve 903, and the first clamping sleeve 904 and the first threaded sleeve 903 become loose. When the first clamping sleeve 904 rotates forward, it rotates downward along the first threaded sleeve 903. At this time, the first clamping sleeve 904 presses the first cone block 905 towards the first threaded sleeve 903, keeping the vertical position of the first cone block 905, the first sliding sleeve 906, the first slider 907, and the first cutting blade 908 relative to the first threaded sleeve 903 unchanged. The area between the first clamping sleeve 904 and the first cone block 905 is smooth, thereby reducing the resistance when the first cone block 905 rotates downward. The contact surface between the first threaded sleeve 903 and the first cone block 905 is a rough surface, thereby increasing the frictional resistance between the first threaded sleeve 903 and the first cone block 905. This prevents the first cutting blade 908 from sliding relative to the first threaded sleeve 903 and the first cone block 905 when it encounters upward resistance, which would cause the position of the first cutting blade 908 to change and reduce the cutting accuracy of the first cutting blade 908. The contact surface between the first clamping sleeve 904 and the first cone block 905 is a smooth surface, thereby reducing the resistance when the first cone block 905 rotates downward.

[0025] like Figure 5As shown, the internal cutting mechanism 10 includes a second internal thread plate 1001 threadedly connected to the middle of the second threaded shaft 302. Multiple sets of second connecting plates 1002 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the bottom circumference of the second internal thread plate 1001. A second threaded sleeve 1003 is installed at the bottom of the second connecting plate 1002. Multiple sets of second clamping sleeves 1004 are slidably sleeved on the inner circumference of the second threaded sleeve 1003 at equal intervals. A second sliding sleeve 1005 is fixedly installed at the top of each set of second clamping sleeves 1004. A second slider 1006 is provided on the side of the bottom surface of each second sliding sleeve 1005 away from the rotating sleeve 3. Multiple sets of second sliders 1006 are slidably sleeved on the bottom of the guide groove 101 with a guide hole 102. A second cutting blade 1007 made of cubic boron nitride is slidably sleeved on the side of the bottom of the second slider 1006 away from the rotating sleeve 3. Each cutting blade is slidably inserted into the corresponding support hole 104 and can move radially.

[0026] like Figure 6 As shown, the internal cutting mechanism 10 also includes a rotating block 1010. The top of the rotating block 1010 is sequentially provided with a connecting pipe 1009 and a second cone block 1008. The second cone block 1008 is threadedly connected to the middle of the second clamping sleeve 1004. A second chamfer is provided at the junction of the outer cylindrical surface and the lower end surface of the second cone block 1008. The side of the second clamping sleeve 1004 near the rotating sleeve 3 is provided with a second inclined surface that slides in contact with the second chamfer. Thus, when the second cone block 1008 is rotated in the opposite direction, the second cone block 1008 rotates upward along the second clamping sleeve 1004. At this time, the second cone block 1008 stops pressing the second clamping sleeve 1004 towards the second threaded sleeve 1003, and the second clamping sleeve 1004 and the second threaded sleeve 1003 become loose. When the second cone block 1008 rotates in the forward direction, it rotates downward along the second threaded sleeve 1003. At this time, the second cone block 1008 presses the second clamping sleeve 1004 towards the second threaded sleeve 1003, so that the vertical position between the second cutting blade 1007, the second slider 1006, the second sliding sleeve 1005, the second clamping sleeve 1004, and the second threaded sleeve 1003 remains unchanged. The surface between the second clamping sleeve 1004 and the second cone block 1008 is smooth, thereby reducing the resistance when the second cone block 1008 rotates downward. The contact surface between the second threaded sleeve 1003 and the second clamping sleeve 1004 is rough, thereby increasing the frictional resistance between the second threaded sleeve 1003 and the second clamping sleeve 1004. This prevents the second cutting blade 1007 from sliding relative to the second threaded sleeve 1003 and the second clamping sleeve 1004 when the second cutting blade 1007 is subjected to upward resistance, which would cause the position of the second cutting blade 1007 to change and reduce the cutting accuracy of the second cutting blade 1007.

[0027] When the first internal threaded plate 901 moves downward and disengages from the first threaded shaft 301, the first threaded shaft 301 stops driving the first internal threaded plate 901 downward. The second threaded shaft 302 continues to drive the second internal threaded plate 1001 downward. As time goes on, the extension length of the second cutting blade 1007 will exceed that of the first cutting blade 908. At this time, the second cutting blade 1007 contacts the inner circle of the joint shaft. At the same time, because the pitch of the second threaded shaft 302 is smaller than that of the first threaded shaft 301, and both are driven synchronously by the same rotating sleeve 3, the extension speed of the second cutting blade 1007 is slower than that of the first cutting blade 908. This allows for the first roughing of the inner circle of the joint shaft to be performed quickly by the first cutting blade 908, followed by the second cutting blade 1007 for slow finishing. This avoids the problem of reduced processing efficiency caused by moving the spindle to change the cutting tools in existing processing devices.

[0028] In use, the first clamping sleeve 904 and the rotating block 1010 are rotated in the opposite direction. At this time, as the first clamping sleeve 904 rotates relative to the first threaded sleeve 903 and loosens upward, the axial compressive force of the first clamping sleeve 904 on the first cone block 905 gradually decreases. When the compressive force is completely released, the threaded connection between the first clamping sleeve 904 and the first threaded sleeve 903 is in a loosened state. Similarly, the rotating block 1010 drives the connecting pipe 1009 to rotate, which in turn drives the second cone block 1008 to rotate synchronously. The second cone block 1008 loosens along the thread of the second threaded sleeve 1003 and moves upward. When the axial compressive force of the second cone block 1008 on the second clamping sleeve 1004 is released, the threaded connection between the second clamping sleeve 1004 and the second threaded sleeve 1003 is in a loosened state.

[0029] Adjusting the axial position of the tailstock chuck moves the standard ring 11, causing its inner conical surface to push the first cutting blade 908 and the second cutting blade 1007 to retract radially toward the rotating sleeve 3. The first cutting blade 908 then moves the first slider 907, the first sliding sleeve 906, and the first conical block 905 axially in sequence. When the first cutting blade 908 contacts the large-diameter area of ​​the inner conical surface of the standard ring 11, and the second cutting blade 1007 contacts the small-diameter area of ​​the inner conical surface of the standard ring 11, the distance from their cutting edges to the central axis of the mounting sleeve 1 is consistent, completing the radial uniform calibration of all tools. At this time, rotating the first clamping sleeve 904 and the rotating block 1010 forward causes the first clamping sleeve 904 and the second conical block 1008 to move downwards. The first clamping sleeve 904 presses the first conical block 905 into a tight engagement with the first threaded sleeve 903, and the second conical block 1008 presses the second clamping sleeve 1004 into a tight engagement with the second threaded sleeve 1003.

[0030] The machine tool spindle drives the sleeve shaft 5 to rotate forward. The power is transmitted to the first connecting wheel 703 via the reversing wheel 6, which drives the first half gear 702 to rotate and mesh with the middle gear 4, driving the middle gear 4 to rotate in the first direction. The first internal thread plate 901 moves down 3 units from the first threaded shaft 301. The machine tool spindle drives the sleeve shaft 5 to rotate in reverse. The power is transmitted to the second connecting wheel 803 via the reversing wheel 6, which drives the second half gear 802 to rotate and mesh with the middle gear 4, driving the middle gear 4 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first internal thread plate 901 moves up 2 units from the first threaded shaft 301. The movement of the second connecting plate 1002 on the second movable shaft 801 is similar. Since the major diameter of the thread of the first threaded shaft 301 is greater than the pitch of the second threaded shaft 302, and the thread length of the first threaded shaft 301 is less than the thread length of the second threaded shaft 302, when the first internal threaded plate 901 disengages from the first threaded shaft 301, the first cutting tool 908 stops feeding, and the second cutting tool 1007 continues to extend slowly under the drive of the second threaded shaft 302 with a smaller pitch. Thus, after completing the rapid roughing, the finishing process is automatically continued without moving the spindle or changing the tool, which effectively improves the processing efficiency.

Claims

1. A production equipment for wear-resistant joint shafts of industrial robots, characterized in that, The machine tool includes a double-clamping machine tool and a joint shaft composite cutting device and a standard ring (11) set on the machine tool. The double-clamping machine tool includes a tailstock end chuck and a spindle end chuck fixedly connected to the front end of the hollow spindle. The tailstock end chuck is used to clamp the joint shaft workpiece. The standard ring (11) is fixed to the end face of the tailstock end chuck. Its inner hole is an inner conical surface. The inner diameter gradually decreases downward along the axial direction. The center line of the conical hole coincides with the rotation center line of the chuck. Before processing, the radial position of all tools is uniformly calibrated by making the cutting components contact the inner wall of the standard ring (11). The joint shaft composite cutting device includes a mounting sleeve (1) and a mounting frame (2). The mounting frame (2) and the mounting sleeve (1) are both hollow cylindrical bodies with an axially penetrating central hole and are concentrically fitted. The mounting frame (2) is located on the upper part of the outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve (1). The side wall of the mounting frame (2) is provided with multiple axially penetrating positioning and clamping grooves, the number of which matches the number of jaws of the machine tool spindle end chuck. The jaws of the machine tool spindle end chuck are embedded in the axially penetrating positioning and clamping grooves on the side wall of the mounting frame (2) to achieve reliable clamping and precise circumferential positioning of the joint shaft composite cutting device. The sleeve shaft (5) passes through the top center hole of the mounting bracket (2) and is inserted into the hollow spindle of the machine tool. The sleeve shaft (5) is directly driven by the forward and reverse rotation of the hollow spindle of the machine tool and rotates relative to the stationary mounting bracket (2). The upper exposed section of the sleeve shaft (5) is equipped with a reversing wheel (6) and a middle wheel (4) from top to bottom. The reversing wheel (6) is fixedly connected to the sleeve shaft (5), and the middle wheel (4) is rotatably mounted on the sleeve shaft (5). On the upper surface of the mounting bracket (2), on both sides of the sleeve shaft (5), there are a first linkage mechanism (7) and a second linkage mechanism (8) with the same structure that alternately mesh with the middle wheel (4), and at any time only one of the linkage mechanisms meshes with the middle wheel (4). The central axes of the first linkage mechanism (7), the second linkage mechanism (8) and the sleeve shaft (5) are located on the same straight line and are configured to drive the rotating sleeve (3) to rotate in opposite directions when the middle wheel (4) rotates forward and reverse, and the ratio of the forward rotation angle to the reverse rotation angle is 3:

2. The lower end of the sleeve shaft (5) is fitted with a rotating sleeve (3). The bottom end of the rotating sleeve (3) is sequentially fitted with a first threaded shaft (301) located outside the mounting sleeve (1) and a second threaded shaft (302) extending into the mounting sleeve (1). The pitch and major diameter of the first threaded shaft (301) are both greater than the pitch of the second threaded shaft (302), and the thread length of the first threaded shaft (301) is less than the thread length of the second threaded shaft (302). The external cutting mechanism (9) for roughing and the internal cutting mechanism (10) for finishing are respectively fitted onto the first threaded shaft (301) and the second threaded shaft (302). The internal cutting mechanism (10), the mounting sleeve (1), and the external cutting mechanism (9) are arranged in a nested manner in the radial direction. The outer circumferential surface of the mounting sleeve (1) is provided with several sets of non-through guide grooves (101) distributed equidistantly along the circumference. Among them, the non-adjacent guide grooves (101) are provided with guide holes (102) to form an alternating hole structure. The bottom of the mounting sleeve (1) is nested with a support ring (103). The outer cylindrical surface of the support ring (103) is evenly distributed with multiple radial support holes (104) along the circumference. Each support hole (104) corresponds to the guide groove (101) in a circumferential position. The cutting blade of the internal cutting mechanism (10) The cutting tool of the outer cutting mechanism (9) is led out through the guide groove (101) with the guide hole (102) and passes through the corresponding support hole (104), while the cutting tool of the outer cutting mechanism (9) is led out from the area of ​​the guide groove (101) without the guide hole (102), so that the inner and outer cutting tools are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction; the bottom of the two adjacent support holes (104) are located on the same axial plane, and the hole heights are different, so that the cutting tools of the outer cutting mechanism (9) and the inner cutting mechanism (10) can pass through respectively, so as to form the axial position offset required during calibration; The first threaded shaft (301) and the second threaded shaft (302) are driven synchronously by the same rotating sleeve (3), so that the cutting speed of the inner cutting mechanism (10) is slower than that of the cutting speed of the outer cutting mechanism (9); when the outer cutting mechanism (9) disengages from the first threaded shaft (301), the feed stops, and the inner cutting mechanism (10) continues to extend slowly under the drive of the second threaded shaft (302) with a smaller pitch, so as to realize that the inner circle of the joint shaft is first roughed by the outer cutting mechanism (9), and then the inner circle of the joint shaft is slowly finished by the inner cutting mechanism (10).

2. The industrial robot wear-resistant joint shaft production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external cutting mechanism (9) includes a first internal thread plate (901) threadedly connected to the middle of the first threaded shaft (301). Multiple sets of first connecting plates (902) are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the bottom surface of the first internal thread plate (901). A first threaded sleeve (903) is provided at the bottom end of each set of first connecting plates (902) and sleeved onto the outer side of the mounting sleeve (1). A first clamping sleeve (904) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the first threaded sleeve (903). Multiple sets of first cone blocks (905) are circumferentially slidably sleeved between the first threaded sleeve (903) and the first clamping sleeve (904). A first sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved at the top of each first cone block (905). The first sliding sleeve (906) has a first slider (907) installed on the side of the bottom of the first sliding sleeve (906) close to the rotating sleeve (3) and sliding contacting the inner side of the first threaded sleeve (903). The first slider (907) slides in contact with the inner side of the first threaded sleeve (903). Multiple sets of first sliders (907) are respectively slidably sleeved on the bottom of multiple sets of guide grooves (101) without guide holes (102). On the side of the bottom of multiple sets of first sliders (907) away from the rotating sleeve (3), a first cutting blade (908) made of high-speed steel is slidably sleeved. Each cutting blade is slidably inserted into the corresponding support hole (104) and can move radially. The first clamping sleeve (904) has a first chamfer at the junction of its inner cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the first threaded sleeve (903). Each first cone (905) has a first inclined surface that slides in contact with the first chamfer on the side away from the rotating sleeve (3). When the first clamping sleeve (904) is rotated in the reverse direction, the first clamping sleeve (904) rotates upward along the first threaded sleeve (903). At this time, the first clamping sleeve (904) stops pressing the first cone (905) towards the first threaded sleeve (903), and loosening occurs between the first clamping sleeve (904) and the first threaded sleeve (903). When the first clamping sleeve (904) is rotated in the forward direction, the first clamping sleeve (904) moves upward along the first threaded sleeve (903). When the threaded sleeve (903) rotates downward, the first clamping sleeve (904) presses the first cone block (905) towards the first threaded sleeve (903), so that the vertical position of the first cone block (905), the first sliding sleeve (906), the first slider (907) and the first cutting blade (908) remains unchanged with respect to the first threaded sleeve (903). The surface between the first clamping sleeve (904) and the first cone block (905) is smooth, thereby reducing the resistance when the first cone block (905) rotates downward. The contact surface between the first threaded sleeve (903) and the first cone block (905) is rough, thereby increasing the frictional resistance between the first threaded sleeve (903) and the first cone block (905).

3. The industrial robot wear-resistant joint shaft production equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The internal cutting mechanism (10) includes a second internal thread plate (1001) threadedly connected to the middle of the second threaded shaft (302). Multiple sets of second connecting plates (1002) are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the bottom circumference of the second internal thread plate (1001). A second threaded sleeve (1003) is installed at the bottom of the second connecting plate (1002). Multiple sets of second clamping sleeves (1004) are equidistantly slidably sleeved on the inner circumference of the second threaded sleeve (1003). A first... Two sliding sleeves (1005), each of the second sliding sleeves (1005) is provided with a second slider (1006) on the side of the bottom surface away from the rotating sleeve (3). Multiple sets of second sliders (1006) are slidably sleeved on the bottom of the guide groove (101) with a guide hole (102). A second cutting blade (1007) made of cubic boron nitride is slidably sleeved on the side of the bottom end of the second slider (1006) away from the rotating sleeve (3). Each cutting blade is slidably inserted into the corresponding support hole (104) and can move radially. The internal cutting mechanism (10) further includes a rotating block (1010). The top of the rotating block (1010) is sequentially provided with a connecting pipe (1009) and a second cone block (1008). The second cone block (1008) is threadedly connected to the middle of the second clamping sleeve (1004). A second chamfer is provided at the junction of the outer cylindrical surface and the lower end surface of the second cone block (1008). The second clamping sleeve (1004) is provided with a second inclined surface that slides in contact with the second chamfer on the side near the rotating sleeve (3). When the second cone block (1008) is rotated in the opposite direction, the second cone block (1008) rotates upward along the second clamping sleeve (1004). At this time, the second cone block (1008) stops pressing the second clamping sleeve (1004) towards the second threaded sleeve (1003), and the second clamping sleeve (1004) and the second threaded sleeve (1003) become loose. When the second cone block (1008) rotates in the forward direction, the second cone block (1008) rotates downward along the second threaded sleeve (1003). At this time, the second cone block (1008) presses the second clamping sleeve (1004) towards the second threaded sleeve (1003), so that the vertical position between the second cutting blade (1007), the second slider (1006), the second sliding sleeve (1005), the second clamping sleeve (1004), and the second threaded sleeve (1003) remains unchanged. The surface between the second clamping sleeve (1004) and the second cone block (1008) is smooth, thereby reducing the resistance when the second cone block (1008) rotates downward. The contact surface between the second threaded sleeve (1003) and the second clamping sleeve (1004) is rough, thereby increasing the frictional resistance between the second threaded sleeve (1003) and the second clamping sleeve (1004).

4. The industrial robot wear-resistant joint shaft production equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first linkage mechanism (7) includes a first movable shaft (701) movably sleeved on the upper surface of the mounting bracket (2). A first connecting wheel (703) and a first half gear (702) are arranged axially from top to bottom on the first movable shaft (701). The first connecting wheel (703) is fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the first movable shaft (701) and meshes with the reversing wheel (6). The first half gear (702) is rotatably sleeved on the first movable shaft (701). Similarly, the second connecting wheel (803) of the second linkage mechanism (8) meshes with the reversing wheel (6). The second half gear (802) is rotatably sleeved on the second movable shaft (801). The first half gear (702) and the second half gear (802) are single-tooth structures. Their teeth are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove. The ratio of the arc lengths of the two grooves is 3:

2. The single teeth of the two are staggered in the circumferential direction to ensure that only one of them meshes with the middle wheel (4) at any time.

5. A method for producing wear-resistant joint shafts for industrial robots, using the production equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the first clamping sleeve (904) and the rotating block (1010) are rotated in the opposite direction, the first clamping sleeve (904) rotates relative to the first threaded sleeve (903) and loosens upward, and the axial compressive force of the first clamping sleeve (904) on the first cone block (905) gradually decreases. When the compressive force is completely released, the threaded connection between the first clamping sleeve (904) and the first threaded sleeve (903) is in a loose state. Similarly, the rotating block (1010) drives the connecting pipe (1009) to rotate, which in turn drives the second cone block (1008) to rotate synchronously. The second cone block (1008) loosens along the thread of the second threaded sleeve (1003) and moves upward. When the axial compressive force of the second cone block (1008) on the second clamping sleeve (1004) is released, the threaded connection between the second clamping sleeve (1004) and the second threaded sleeve (1003) is in a loose state. Adjust the axial position of the tailstock end chuck to drive the standard ring (11) to move. The inner conical surface of the standard ring (11) pushes the first cutting blade (908) and the second cutting blade (1007) to retract radially toward the rotating sleeve (3). The first cutting blade (908) then drives the first slider (907), the first sliding sleeve (906) and the first cone block (905) to move axially in sequence. When the first cutting blade (908) contacts the large diameter area of ​​the inner conical surface of the standard ring (11) and the second cutting blade (1007) contacts the small diameter area of ​​the inner conical surface of the standard ring (11), the distance from the cutting edge of the two blades to the central axis of the mounting sleeve (1) is consistent, and the radial uniform calibration of all tools is completed. At this time, the first clamping sleeve (904) and the rotating block (1010) are rotated in the forward direction. The first clamping sleeve (904) and the second cone block (1008) move downward. The first clamping sleeve (904) presses the first cone block (905) to tightly engage with the first threaded sleeve (903). The second cone block (1008) presses the second clamping sleeve (1004) to tightly engage with the second threaded sleeve (1003). The machine tool spindle drives the sleeve shaft (5) to rotate forward. The power is transmitted to the first connecting wheel (703) through the reversing wheel (6), which drives the first half gear (702) to rotate and mesh with the middle gear (4), driving the middle gear (4) to rotate in the first direction. The first internal thread plate (901) moves down 3 units on the first thread shaft (301). The machine tool spindle drives the sleeve shaft (5) to rotate in reverse. The power is transmitted to the second connecting wheel (803) through the reversing wheel (6), which drives the second half gear (802) to rotate and mesh with the middle gear (4), driving the middle gear (4) to rotate in the opposite direction. The first internal thread plate (901) moves up 2 units on the first thread shaft (301). The movement of the second connecting plate (1002) on the second movable shaft (801) is similar. The major diameter of the thread of the first threaded shaft (301) is greater than the pitch of the thread of the second threaded shaft (302), and the thread length of the first threaded shaft (301) is less than the thread length of the second threaded shaft (302). When the first internal threaded plate (901) is disengaged from the first threaded shaft (301), the first cutting tool (908) stops feeding, and the second cutting tool (1007) continues to extend slowly under the drive of the second threaded shaft (302) with a smaller pitch. Thus, after completing the rapid roughing, the finishing is automatically continued without moving the spindle or changing the tool.

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