Integrated molding machine and molding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering model preparation, in particular to an integrated molding machine and a molding method.The molding machine comprises a rack, a molding assembly and a control assembly, the molding assembly is located in the rack and movably connected with the rack, and the molding assembly is in communication connection with the control assembly; the forming assembly comprises a peripheral side forming mechanism provided with a deformation structure and a pressing mechanism, the peripheral side forming mechanism is provided with an open containing cavity, the peripheral side forming mechanism and the pressing mechanism are both located in the rack, the pressing mechanism is located above the peripheral side forming mechanism and can stretch into the containing cavity, and the peripheral side forming mechanism and the pressing mechanism are both in communication connection with the control assembly. According to the integrated molding machine and the molding method provided by the invention, various boundary interfaces including but not limited to planes and curved surfaces can be simulated during molding, so that a manufactured large rock-soil model can reproduce an actual engineering scene, and the accuracy of an experimental result is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering model preparation technology, and more specifically, to an integrated model forming machine and model forming method. Background Technology

[0002] In geotechnical engineering research, the quality of large-scale geotechnical model fabrication directly affects the accuracy of subsequent experimental results such as mechanical property testing and structural stability analysis, making it a fundamental step in related research. Real-world geotechnical engineering projects involve complex scenarios such as inclined foundations, hard-soft interfaces, and irregular curved surfaces, placing higher demands on the boundary simulation accuracy of model fabrication. Current large-scale geotechnical model fabrication equipment has limited boundary simulation capabilities, only able to simulate planar or simple inclined boundaries, and cannot reproduce complex curved surfaces in actual engineering scenarios. This results in significant deviations between the fabricated model and actual working conditions, affecting the reliability of experimental results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing molding equipment, which cannot reproduce complex curved surfaces, resulting in a large deviation between the prepared model and the actual working conditions. This invention provides an integrated molding machine and molding method that can simulate various boundary interfaces during molding, including but not limited to planes and curved surfaces, so that the produced large geotechnical model can reproduce the actual engineering scene, thereby improving the accuracy of experimental results.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An integrated molding machine is provided, including a frame, a molding component, and a control component. The molding component is located within and movably connected to the frame, and is communicatively connected to the control component. The molding component includes a peripheral molding mechanism and a pressing mechanism with deformable structures. The peripheral molding mechanism has an open receiving cavity. Both the peripheral molding mechanism and the pressing mechanism are located within the frame. The pressing mechanism is located above the peripheral molding mechanism and can extend into the receiving cavity. Both the peripheral molding mechanism and the pressing mechanism are communicatively connected to the control component.

[0006] The frame of this invention provides installation space and support, and the molding components are placed within the frame. Specifically, a large-scale geotechnical model is placed at the bottom of the frame, and the boundary of the model is constructed using a peripheral molding mechanism. Depending on the actual scenario, a deformable structure is used to simulate the shape of the boundary, reproducing the straight, inclined, or complex curved surface shape of the boundary. Then, a clamping mechanism is used to clamp the model, thus achieving final molding. The deformable structure allows for adjustment of the boundary interface shape.

[0007] Furthermore, the peripheral forming mechanism includes multiple panels and multiple driving units. The panels are sequentially connected to form a geometric shape that is closed on all four sides and open at the top and bottom. One driving unit corresponds to one panel. One end of the driving unit is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the outside of the panel. The deformable structure is embedded in the panel. Pressure sensors and position sensors are also embedded inside the panel. The pressure sensors, position sensors, and driving units are all communicatively connected to the control component. The panels are brought into contact with the soil and rock sample. The pressure sensors monitor the pressure on the panels, collect confining pressure data in real time, and feed it back to the control component. The driving units apply pressure to the panels, with each driving unit applying pressure to its respective panel, ensuring that the entire large-scale soil and rock model is subjected to confining pressure during preparation. The control component controls the driving units to change the pressure applied to the panels, achieving precise control of confining pressure and optimization of complex boundary parameters.

[0008] This invention not only reproduces the complex boundary surface shape of large-scale geotechnical models but also replicates the boundary stiffness. It enables the simulation of variable stiffness boundaries to meet the simulation needs of various practical engineering scenarios, such as soft-hard interfaces. Furthermore, this invention allows for the replacement of panels of different specifications according to the model size, thereby improving the equipment's versatility. Within the understanding of those skilled in the art, the drive unit includes, but is not limited to, electric drive, pneumatic drive, and hydraulic drive, and can employ structures such as electric cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and hydraulic cylinders.

[0009] Furthermore, the deformable structure includes a skeleton and micromotors. The skeleton is in the shape of a grid, and multiple micromotors are respectively located at the intersections of the grid. The micromotors are communicatively connected to the controlled component. Position sensors are used to detect the position of various parts of the grid shape. The micromotors can receive control commands to drive the skeleton to deform, and in conjunction with the pressure provided by the drive unit, adjust the curvature and local shape of the panel to achieve the fabrication of complex curved surface boundaries such as arcs, waves, and local concavities and convexities.

[0010] Furthermore, the framework is made of shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloy has good toughness and deformation capacity, and can simulate the shape of complex curved surface boundaries.

[0011] Furthermore, the peripheral forming mechanism includes a front panel, a rear panel, and two side panels, both of which are detachably connected to the front and rear panels. All panels in this invention are detachable, with the front and rear panels being movable. Initially, the four panels are enclosed to facilitate forming. After forming, the front panel is removed to facilitate the removal of the large geotechnical model. During the forming process, after the four panels are enclosed, the deformation of the panels is achieved by driving the frame with a micro-motor, allowing the panels to adapt to the molding requirements and form the curved surfaces required for the model boundaries. By adhering the panels to the geotechnical sample, the boundaries of the large geotechnical model are formed into the shape of the panels.

[0012] Furthermore, the front panel, the rear panel, and the side panels are all made of transparent material. Using transparent panels makes the entire molding process visible, allowing operators to promptly identify internal defects in the sample and adjust parameters, avoiding model scrapping due to blindly pressing the sample, and improving the success rate of preparation.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner sides of the front panel, the rear panel, and the side panel are all provided with elastic pads, and / or the inner surfaces of the front panel, the rear panel, and the side panel are all provided with scratch-resistant coatings. The panels are made of high-strength transparent material, and the elastic pads allow for variable stiffness of the boundary curved surfaces. The panels combine high strength and high transparency, enabling them to withstand lateral pressure during sample pressing without significant deformation, while also meeting the requirements for real-time observation. The scratch-resistant coating prevents scratches caused by sample friction from affecting the observation results.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a sample transfer assembly, which comprises a tracked transfer platform and a jack. The jack is embedded within the frame and located at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The tracked transfer platform is cantilevered from the frame and extends outward from the front panel. Both the tracked transfer platform and the jack are communicatively connected to the control assembly. The tracked drive design ensures smooth transfer and adaptability to different sites. The jack lifting structure is embedded in the middle of the bottom of the frame and can be raised and lowered vertically. It is used to lift the model after sample pressing, and then the rear panel pushes the model onto the tracked transfer platform for powered transfer. This provides reasonable space for traditional forklift sampling, making operation more convenient and safer.

[0015] Furthermore, the control components include an operating console, with a controller, operating panel, and status display screen all mounted on the console. The operating console is located outside the frame. The operating panel, controller, and status display screen are all communicatively connected to the controller. The controller has a built-in pressure regulation module, motion control module, and boundary simulation control module. The controller's input end is connected to a pressure sensor and a position sensor to receive signals such as confining pressure data, panel running position, panel bending state, and cushion layer compression in real time. The output end is connected to a drive unit, a micro motor, a tracked transfer platform, and a jack, respectively, to realize automated control of confining pressure parameter adjustment, panel position control, panel bending arc adjustment, elastic cushion layer compression adjustment, jack lifting, and tracked transfer. The operating panel and status display screen are embedded in the operating console. The operating panel has parameter setting buttons and start / stop control buttons. The status display screen can display information such as confining pressure value, molding progress, boundary simulation parameters, and equipment operating status in real time, allowing operators to intuitively grasp the operation status. The controller can be a PLC or a microcontroller, or other structures.

[0016] The present invention also provides a molding method, applied to the integrated molding machine described above, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1: Prepare soil and rock samples and conduct equipment safety operation checks; S2: Fill the soil and rock sample into the cavity of the peripheral molding mechanism; S3: Set experimental parameters; S4: Adjust the peripheral forming mechanism to simulate the boundary surface and use the clamping mechanism to clamp and form; S5: Remove the formed geotechnical model and reset the equipment.

[0017] The molding method of this invention can reproduce the complex curved surfaces of large-scale soil and rock models, simulate complex original terrains such as slopes, and further study various properties of soil and rock, closely matching actual working conditions. Moreover, by using adjustable confining pressure molding, the stiffness of the boundary of the large-scale soil and rock model can also be reproduced. This invention can realize the simulation of variable stiffness boundaries to meet the simulation needs of different soft-hard interfaces and other actual engineering scenarios.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Precise and controllable confining pressure and stable structure: The confining pressure value can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of the traditional fixed baffle, with small pressure fluctuation error. The panel made of high-strength transparent material has high strength and strong resistance to deformation, which solves the problems of unstable confining pressure and baffle deformation in traditional equipment and improves the model forming accuracy.

[0019] 2. Visualization of the molding process: The transparent panel enables real-time observation of the pressing process, which makes it easy for operators to discover internal defects in the sample and adjust parameters in a timely manner, avoiding model scrapping caused by blind pressing and improving the success rate of preparation.

[0020] 3. Capable of simulating complex boundaries: By employing a shape memory alloy skeleton and a built-in micro motor, the curvature of the panel can be precisely adjusted to simulate complex curved surface boundaries such as arcs, waves, and local concavities and convexities; through the synergistic effect of the inner elastic pad and the drive unit, the compression of the pad can be flexibly adjusted to simulate variable stiffness boundaries, effectively reproducing actual engineering scenarios such as inclined foundations and soft-hard interfaces, reducing the difference between the model and the real working conditions, and enhancing the reliability of experimental results.

[0021] 4. Convenient and safe operation: The detachable front panel and tracked transfer platform, combined with the jack lifting structure, simplify the sample handling process. There is no need for a forklift to enter the forming space. The forklift can be transferred from the outside, making the forklift's operating space sufficient.

[0022] 5. High versatility and automation: Each panel is replaceable to adapt to the needs of model preparation of different sizes; the control components integrate parameter setting, status monitoring and automatic control functions, reducing manual intervention and improving work efficiency, and are suitable for large model preparation scenarios in geotechnical engineering laboratories. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the integrated molding machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the integrated molding machine of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the skeleton and micro motor embedded in the panel of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the skeleton and micro motor of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for removing the robotic arm when the drive unit of the present invention is hydraulically driven; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the peripheral forming mechanism and the pressing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the integrated molding machine of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a molding method according to the present invention.

[0024] The markings in the diagram are explained below: 1. Frame; 11. Base; 12. Column; 13. Top plate; 2. Peripheral forming mechanism; 21. Front panel; 22. Rear panel; 23. Side panel; 24. Drive unit; 241. Robotic arm; 242. Hydraulic tank; 243. Hydraulic pump; 244. Diverter valve; 245. Hydraulic pipeline; 3. Clamping mechanism; 4. Control components; 41. Operating table; 42. Controller; 43. Operating panel; 44. Status display screen; 5. Skeleton; 6. Micro motor; 7. Sample transfer assembly; 71. Tracked transfer platform; 72. Jack. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, representing schematic diagrams rather than actual physical objects, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0031] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 2 The first embodiment of the integrated molding machine of the present invention is shown, including a frame 1, a molding component, and a control component 4. The molding component is located inside the frame 1 and is movably connected to the frame 1. The molding component is communicatively connected to the control component 4. The molding component includes a peripheral molding mechanism 2 with a deformable structure and a pressing mechanism 3. The peripheral molding mechanism 2 has an open receiving cavity. Both the peripheral molding mechanism 2 and the pressing mechanism 3 are located inside the frame 1. The pressing mechanism 3 is located above the peripheral molding mechanism 2 and can extend into the receiving cavity. Both the peripheral molding mechanism 2 and the pressing mechanism 3 are communicatively connected to the control component 4.

[0032] The frame 1 of this invention provides installation space and support, and the molding components are placed within the frame 1. Specifically, a large-scale geotechnical model is placed at the bottom of the frame 1, and the boundary of the model is constructed using the peripheral molding mechanism 2. Depending on the actual scenario, a deformable structure is used to simulate the shape of the boundary, reproducing the straight, inclined, or complex curved surface shape of the boundary. Then, a clamping mechanism 3 is used to clamp the model, thus achieving final molding. The deformable structure allows for adjustment of the boundary interface shape.

[0033] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 The frame 1 is a frame structure, including a base 11, several columns 12, and a top plate 13. The base 11 is located at the bottom and rigidly connected to the columns 12. The columns 12 are vertically fixed to the sides and rear end of the base 11 and are made of high-strength alloy steel to ensure the overall load-bearing capacity of the equipment. The top plate 13 is horizontally connected to the top of the columns 12, forming the frame structure. The frame design of the frame 1 ensures structural stability, provides reasonable installation space for each component, makes the device structure more compact and stable, facilitates the collaborative work of each component, and achieves a modular layout.

[0034] As one embodiment of the present invention, the pressing mechanism 3 includes a pressing head and a driving element. One end of the driving element is connected to the top plate 13, and the other end is connected to the pressing head. The driving element drives the pressing head to move toward the receiving cavity of the peripheral forming mechanism 2 to compact the sample. The driving element includes, but is not limited to, an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, and a hydraulic cylinder.

[0035] Example 2 like Figures 3 to 8 The following is a second embodiment of an integrated molding machine of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to embodiment 1, except that the peripheral molding mechanism 2 includes multiple panels and multiple driving units 24. The multiple panels are connected in sequence to form a geometric shape that is closed on all sides and open at the top and bottom. One driving unit 24 corresponds to one panel. One end of the driving unit 24 is connected to the frame 1 and the other end is connected to the outside of the panel. The deformable structure is embedded in the panel. A pressure sensor and a position sensor are also embedded in the inner side of the panel. The pressure sensor, the position sensor, and the driving unit 24 are all communicatively connected to the control component 4.

[0036] The molding component is installed above the base 11 of the frame 1 to form a closed molding space and provide variable confining pressure, while realizing complex boundary simulation; the control component 4 is set on the side of the frame 1 and is connected to the drive unit 24 and drive element for receiving operation signals and outputting control commands to realize automated operation of the equipment.

[0037] The panel is brought into contact with the soil and rock sample. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure on the panel, collects confining pressure data in real time and feeds it back to the control component 4. The drive unit 24 applies pressure to the panel. Each drive unit 24 applies pressure to each panel, so that the entire soil and rock model is subjected to confining pressure during the preparation process. The control component 4 controls the drive unit 24 to change the pressure applied to the panel, thereby achieving precise control of confining pressure and optimization of complex boundary parameters.

[0038] This invention not only reproduces the complex boundary surface shape of large-scale geotechnical models but also replicates the boundary stiffness. It enables variable stiffness boundary simulation to meet the simulation needs of various practical engineering scenarios, such as soft-hard interfaces. Furthermore, this invention allows for the replacement of panels of different specifications according to the model size, improving the equipment's versatility. Within the understanding of those skilled in the art, the drive unit 24 includes, but is not limited to, electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic drives. The drive unit 24 extends and retracts horizontally, allowing the panel to move horizontally in an unconnected state and adjusting the confining pressure when connected and assembled. The drive element for driving the pressure head and the drive unit 24 for driving the panel can employ the same structure.

[0039] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5The deformable structure includes a skeleton 5 and micro motors 6. The skeleton 5 is in the shape of a grid, and multiple micro motors 6 are located at the intersections of the grid. The micro motors 6 are communicatively connected to the control component 4. Position sensors are used to detect the position of each part of the grid shape. The micro motors 6 can receive control commands to drive the skeleton 5 to deform. In conjunction with the pressure provided by the drive unit 24, the bending curvature and local shape of the panel are adjusted to realize the fabrication of complex curved surface boundaries such as arcs, waves, and local concavities and convexities.

[0040] Preferably, the skeleton 5 is made of shape memory alloy material. Shape memory alloy material has shape memory effect and good mechanical properties, and can maintain a set bending shape under the drive of micro motor 6, ensuring the stability of complex curved surface boundaries.

[0041] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 The peripheral forming mechanism 2 includes a front panel 21, a rear panel 22, and two side panels 23, both of which are detachably connected to the front panel 21 and the rear panel 22. All panels in this invention are detachable, with the front panel 21 and the rear panel 22 being movable. Initially, the four panels are enclosed to facilitate forming. After forming, the front panel 21 is removed to facilitate the removal of the large-scale geotechnical model. During the forming process, after the four panels are enclosed, the frame 5 is driven by a micro-motor 6 to deform the panels, allowing them to adapt to the molding requirements and form the curved surfaces required for the model boundaries. The panels are then bonded to the geotechnical sample, shaping the boundaries of the large-scale geotechnical model into the form of the panels. Within the understanding of those skilled in the art, the number of panels may include, but is not limited to, four; other numbers may be used to adapt to the needs of the actual scenario in simulating the large-scale geotechnical model.

[0042] Furthermore, the inner sides of the front panel 21, rear panel 22, and side panel 23 are all provided with elastic pads, and / or the inner surfaces of the front panel 21, rear panel 22, and side panel 23 are all provided with anti-scratch coatings. The elastic pads allow for variable stiffness of the boundary surfaces, giving the panels high strength to withstand lateral pressure during sample pressing without significant deformation, while also meeting real-time observation requirements. The anti-scratch coating prevents scratches caused by sample friction from affecting the observation results.

[0043] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 It also includes a sample transfer assembly 7, which includes a tracked transfer platform 71 and a jack 72. The jack 72 is embedded in the frame 1 and located at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The tracked transfer platform 71 is cantilevered on the frame 1 and extends outward from the front panel 21 side. Both the tracked transfer platform 71 and the jack 72 are communicatively connected to the control assembly 4.

[0044] A mounting slot for a tracked transfer platform 71 is provided in the base 11 of the frame 1, making the upper surface of the base 11 flush with the upper surface of the tracked transfer platform 71, facilitating the transfer of large geotechnical models. The tracked drive design ensures smooth transfer and adaptability to different sites. A jack 72 lifting structure is embedded in the middle of the base 11 of the frame 1, and can be raised and lowered vertically. It is used to lift the model after sample pressing, and then the rear panel 22 pushes the model onto the tracked transfer platform 71 for power transfer. This provides reasonable space for traditional forklift sampling, making operation more convenient and safer.

[0045] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 The control component 4 includes an operating console 41, on which a controller 42, an operating panel 43, and a status display screen 44 are mounted. The operating console 41 is located outside the frame 1. The operating panel 43, controller 42, and status display screen 44 are all communicatively connected to the controller 42. The controller 42 has a built-in pressure regulation module, motion control module, and boundary simulation control module. The input end of the controller 42 is connected to a pressure sensor and a position sensor to receive signals such as confining pressure data, panel running position, panel bending status, and cushion compression in real time. The output end is connected to the drive unit 24, the micro motor 6, the tracked transfer platform 71, and the jack 72, respectively, to realize the automated control of confining pressure parameter adjustment, panel position control, panel bending arc adjustment, elastic cushion compression adjustment, jack 72 lifting, and tracked transfer. The operating panel 43 and status display screen 44 are embedded in the operating console 41. The operating panel 43 has parameter setting buttons and start / stop control buttons. The status display screen 44 can display information such as confining pressure value, molding progress, boundary simulation parameters, and equipment operating status in real time, so that the operator can intuitively grasp the operation status.

[0046] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6The drive unit 24 is hydraulically driven and includes a robotic arm 241, a hydraulic tank 242, a hydraulic pump 243, a flow divider valve 244, and hydraulic lines 245. One end of the hydraulic pump 243 is connected to the hydraulic tank 242, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic lines 245. The flow divider valve 244 is located in the hydraulic lines 245. The robotic arm 241 is connected to the hydraulic lines 245. The hydraulic tank 242 is independently located outside the frame 1, away from the forming area and transfer channel, to prevent damage from collisions that could lead to leakage. The hydraulic tank 242 is connected to the hydraulic pump 243 via the hydraulic lines 245. The output end of the hydraulic pump 243 is connected to the robotic arm 241 via the flow divider valve 244. Multiple drive units 24 can use the same hydraulic tank 242, with power distributed through different hydraulic lines 245 and independently controlled by the flow divider valve 244. The pressure head can also be driven by a single robotic arm 241, using the same hydraulic tank 242 for hydraulic drive. The design of the independent hydraulic tank 242 not only improves the hydraulic power output strength to meet the high-pressure requirements of the robotic arm 241, but also optimizes the pipeline layout, reduces the risk of failure, and improves the safety of large-scale geotechnical model experiments. The columns 12 and top plate 13 of the frame 1 are reserved with mounting ports for the peripheral forming mechanism 2 and channels for the hydraulic pipeline 245, which facilitates pipeline layout and equipment installation and maintenance.

[0047] Example 3 like Figure 9 The image shows a third embodiment of the integrated molding machine of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to embodiment 2, except that the front panel 21, rear panel 22, and side panel 23 are all made of transparent material. Using transparent panels makes the entire molding process visible, which helps operators to promptly identify internal defects in the sample and adjust parameters, avoiding model scrapping due to blindly pressing the sample, and improving the success rate of preparation.

[0048] Example 4 like Figure 10 The following is a first embodiment of a molding method according to the present invention, applied to the integrated molding machine as described above. The specific steps are as follows: S1: Prepare soil and rock samples and conduct equipment safety operation checks; The experimenters added the pre-prepared soil and rock samples into a mixer or mixing tank in the laboratory, and added water, cementitious agent, admixtures, aggregates, etc. according to the experimental plan, and mixed them thoroughly. Soil and rock, water, and cementitious agent are the basic requirements for model preparation. Admixtures and aggregates are for modification or other purposes, depending on the actual needs of the experimental plan, and will not be described here. The experimenters checked the overall operating status and wiring connections of the equipment through control component 4, and observed the overall condition of the equipment to ensure that the equipment could operate normally and safely. If any abnormality was found, the experiment was stopped immediately and the abnormal part was repaired. S2: Fill the soil and rock sample into the cavity of the peripheral forming mechanism 2; The peripheral forming mechanism 2 is connected and assembled. Since a thick steel plate needs to be placed at the bottom of the large geotechnical model, the purpose is to avoid damaging the overall structure of the model when it is transported as a whole. Generally, the surface of the steel plate will have drainage patterns, which is related to the needs of experiments such as rainfall. There are openings on both sides of the steel plate, into which screws or lifting rings can be screwed in to cooperate with forklifts to transport the model. The steel plate is placed at the bottom of the receiving cavity of the peripheral forming mechanism 2. Then, the experimenters fill the prepared sample into the pressing area. S3: Set experimental parameters; The experimenter sets relevant experimental parameters through the operation panel 43, including initial pressure value, molding time, boundary preparation type and corresponding boundary parameters, and starts the sample pressing program; S4: Adjust the peripheral forming mechanism 2 to simulate the boundary surface and use the clamping mechanism 3 to clamp and form; When the sample compaction program is started, the control component 4 controls the deformation of the driving deformation structure, causing the peripheral forming mechanism 2 to bend to a preset arc and construct a complex curved surface boundary; then the compaction mechanism 3 slowly descends to the sample forming area under program control and applies pressure to the soil sample for vertical compaction. S5: Remove the formed geotechnical model and reset the equipment.

[0049] After the model is formed, the pressing program is closed, the peripheral forming mechanism 2 is disassembled, and then the experimenters use a traditional forklift to transfer the model to the subsequent test site; restore all parts of the equipment to their initial state, check the overall condition of the equipment, close all programs, end the test, and clean the instrument.

[0050] Example 5 The following is a second embodiment of a molding method of the present invention, applied to the integrated molding machine as described above, and the specific steps are as follows: S1: Prepare soil and rock samples and conduct equipment safety operation checks; The experimenters added the pre-prepared soil and rock samples into a mixer or mixing box in the laboratory, and added water, cementitious agent, admixture, aggregate, etc. according to the experimental plan, and mixed them thoroughly. The experimenter goes to the operating table 41, starts the controller 42 through the operating panel 43, and opens the control program in the status display screen 44 to check the overall operating status of the equipment and the wiring connection. At the same time, the experimenter observes the overall condition of the equipment to ensure that the equipment can operate normally and safely. If there is any abnormality, the experiment is stopped immediately and the abnormal part is repaired. S2: Fill the soil and rock sample into the cavity of the peripheral forming mechanism 2; The front panel 21 is removed using a robotic arm 241, and the two side panels 23 and the rear panel 22 are connected and assembled. A steel plate is placed on a tracked transfer platform 71, and the control program is activated to transport the steel plate to the bottom of the receiving cavity of the peripheral forming mechanism 2, where the bottom of the steel plate contacts the jack 72. After the steel plate is placed, the front panel 21 is connected and installed to the two side panels 23. Subsequently, the prepared sample is filled into the pressing area. S3: Set experimental parameters; The experimenter sets relevant experimental parameters through the operation panel 43, including initial pressure value, molding time, boundary preparation type and corresponding boundary parameters, and starts the sample pressing program; S4: Adjust the peripheral forming mechanism 2 to simulate the boundary surface and use the clamping mechanism 3 to clamp and form; When the sample compaction program is started, the boundary simulation control module of the controller 42 first outputs instructions to the micro motors 6 built into each panel, driving the frame 5 to deform, causing each panel to bend to a preset arc, thus constructing a complex curved boundary. Subsequently, the hydraulic pump 243 transmits the pressurized liquid in the hydraulic tank 242 to the hydraulic pipeline 245, and through the diversion valve 244, uses the pressure energy of the liquid to provide power to the pressure head and each robotic arm 241. The controller 42 controls it to apply a preset pressure, adjusts the compression of the elastic pad to the set value, and realizes the simulation of variable stiffness boundary. Then, the controller 42 controls the robotic arm 241 to apply a preset confining pressure. Subsequently, the pressure head slowly descends to the sample forming area under program control and applies pressure to the soil sample for vertical compaction. At the same time, the pressure sensor embedded in the panel monitors the confining pressure and the stress and deformation of the elastic pad in real time and feeds it back to the controller 42 and displays it in real time on the status display screen 44. The experimenter can observe the real-time forming process and boundary conditions of the test soil sample through the transparent panel. S5: Remove the formed geotechnical model and reset the equipment.

[0051] After the model is formed, the pressing program is closed, the confining pressure is unloaded, and the front panel 21, rear panel 22, and two side plates are disconnected. At the same time, the experimenter starts the sample transfer assembly 7 through the operation panel 43, and uses the jack 72 to lift the model and steel plate to the same level or slightly higher than the tracked transfer platform 71. Simultaneously, the robotic arm 241 corresponding to the rear panel 22 is extended to apply pressure, pushing the model and steel plate onto the tracked transfer platform 71 as a whole. The model is then transferred to the end via the tracked transfer platform 71. Subsequently, the experimenter uses a traditional forklift to transfer the model to the subsequent test location. All parts of the equipment are restored to their initial state, the overall condition of the equipment is checked, all programs are closed, the test is ended, and the instrument is cleaned.

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated molding machine, comprising a frame (1), a molding component, and a control component (4), wherein the molding component is located within the frame (1) and movably connected to the frame (1), and the molding component is communicatively connected to the control component (4); characterized in that, The molding assembly includes a peripheral molding mechanism (2) with a deformable structure and a pressing mechanism (3). The peripheral molding mechanism (2) has an open receiving cavity. Both the peripheral molding mechanism (2) and the pressing mechanism (3) are located inside the frame (1). The pressing mechanism (3) is located above the peripheral molding mechanism (2) and can extend into the receiving cavity. Both the peripheral molding mechanism (2) and the pressing mechanism (3) are communicatively connected to the control assembly (4).

2. The integrated molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peripheral forming mechanism (2) includes multiple panels and multiple driving units (24). The multiple panels are connected in sequence to form a geometric shape that is closed on all sides and open at the top and bottom. One driving unit (24) corresponds to one panel. One end of the driving unit (24) is connected to the frame (1) and the other end is connected to the outside of the panel. The deformable structure is embedded in the panel. A pressure sensor and a position sensor are also embedded in the inner side of the panel. The pressure sensor, the position sensor, and the driving unit (24) are all connected to the control component (4) in communication.

3. The integrated molding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The deformable structure includes a skeleton (5) and a micro motor (6). The skeleton (5) is in the shape of a grid. There are multiple micro motors (6), which are respectively located at the intersection of the grid. The micro motors (6) are communicatively connected to the controlled component (4).

4. The integrated molding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The skeleton (5) is made of shape memory alloy material.

5. The integrated molding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The peripheral forming mechanism (2) includes a front panel (21), a rear panel (22) and two side panels (23), both of which are detachably connected to the front panel (21) and the rear panel (22).

6. The integrated molding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front panel (21), the rear panel (22), and the side panel (23) are all made of transparent material.

7. The integrated molding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The front panel (21), the rear panel (22) and the side panel (23) are provided with elastic pads on their inner sides, and / or the inner surface of the front panel (21), the rear panel (22) and the side panel (23) are provided with anti-scratch coatings.

8. The integrated molding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a sample transfer assembly (7), which includes a tracked transfer platform (71) and a jack (72). The jack (72) is embedded in the frame (1) and located at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The tracked transfer platform (71) is cantilevered on the frame (1) and extends outward from the front panel (21). Both the tracked transfer platform (71) and the jack (72) are communicatively connected to the control assembly (4).

9. The integrated molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The control component (4) includes an operating console (41), a controller (42), an operating panel (43), and a status display screen (44) all mounted on the operating console (41). The operating console (41) is located outside the frame (1). The operating panel (43), the controller (42), and the status display screen (44) are all connected to the controller (42) in communication. The controller (42) has a built-in pressure regulation module, motion control module, and boundary simulation control module.

10. A molding method, characterized in that, The specific steps for application to the integrated molding machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 are as follows: S1: Prepare soil and rock samples and conduct equipment safety operation checks; S2: Fill the soil and rock sample into the cavity of the peripheral forming mechanism (2); S3: Set experimental parameters; S4: Adjust the peripheral forming mechanism (2) to simulate the boundary surface and use the clamping mechanism (3) to clamp and form; S5: Remove the formed geotechnical model and reset the equipment.

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