Thrust bearing and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a thrust bearing and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle manufacturing, the thrust bearing is suitable for being installed on a turbocharger, and the thrust bearing is arranged outside a shaft seal in a sleeving mode and abuts against the position between a shaft seal limiting part and a thrust plate in the axial direction; wherein the oil guide flow channel is suitable for supplying oil to the oil storage groove, the side, close to the thrust plate, of the thrust bearing is constructed to be a vortex end face, an oil conveying groove opened towards the thrust plate is formed in the vortex end face, the oil conveying groove extends in the radial direction of the thrust bearing, the inner end of the oil conveying groove communicates with the oil storage groove, and the axial depth of the oil conveying groove is constructed to be gradually increased from outside to inside in the radial direction of the thrust bearing. According to the thrust bearing disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the quantity of oil conveyed to the vortex end face can be ensured, so that the reliability of conveying the oil to the vortex end face is ensured, the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing in the axial direction can be ensured, the use reliability of a turbocharger is ensured, the application range of the turbocharger is enlarged, the abrasion to the thrust bearing can be avoided, and the service life of the turbocharger is prolonged. And the service life and the use reliability of the thrust bearing are prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle manufacturing technology, and in particular to a thrust bearing and a vehicle having the thrust bearing. Background Technology

[0002] In modern turbocharging systems, turbochargers typically operate at speeds of hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute or even higher, placing extremely stringent demands on the bearing system. As a critical component of the turbocharger, the thrust bearing primarily bears the axial load and maintains the rotor's axial position stability; its performance directly affects the turbocharger's reliability, efficiency, and lifespan. Under high-load, high-speed conditions, the thrust bearing faces greater axial forces and a more complex working environment.

[0003] Currently, the load-bearing capacity of thrust bearings can be increased by increasing the diameter of the oil inlet or the area of ​​the oil wedge, and the lubrication effect can be improved by increasing the flow rate of lubricating oil. However, increasing the diameter of the oil inlet or the area of ​​the oil wedge will affect the turbine efficiency, and increasing the diameter of the oil inlet can only increase the flow rate of lubricating oil by a small amount, so there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a thrust bearing that can ensure the reliability of oil delivery to the turbine end face, thereby ensuring the axial load-bearing capacity of the thrust bearing, thus ensuring the reliability of the turbocharger, and avoiding wear on the thrust bearing, extending its service life and reliability.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a thrust bearing is adapted to be installed in a turbocharger. The outer peripheral wall of the turbocharger's shaft seal is provided with a protruding shaft seal limiting portion. The thrust bearing is sleeved on the shaft seal and presses against the shaft seal limiting portion and the thrust plate axially. The thrust bearing forms an oil guide channel, and an oil reservoir is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing. The oil guide channel is adapted to supply oil to the oil reservoir. The side of the thrust bearing near the thrust plate is constructed as a volute end face. The volute end face forms an oil delivery groove that opens towards the thrust plate. The oil delivery groove extends radially along the thrust bearing and its inner end communicates with the oil reservoir. The axial depth of the oil delivery groove is constructed to gradually increase from the outside to the inside radially along the thrust bearing.

[0006] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the thrust bearing is provided with an oil channel that opens toward the thrust plate, and the axial depth of the oil channel is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing. This ensures the amount of oil delivered to the vortex end face, thereby ensuring the reliability of oil delivery to the vortex end face. This also ensures the axial load-bearing capacity of the thrust bearing, thereby ensuring the reliability of the turbocharger and increasing the applicability range of the turbocharger. Furthermore, it avoids wear on the thrust bearing, extends the service life and reliability of the thrust bearing, and provides better performance and a wider range of applications.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing is further formed with an inwardly open oil guide groove, which is connected between the oil reservoir and the oil delivery groove.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the thrust bearing of the present invention, the cross-section of the oil guide groove in the radial direction is a triangular cross-section; And / or, the width of the oil delivery tank is configured to gradually increase radially inward; And / or, the maximum width of the oil guide groove is greater than the maximum width of the oil delivery groove.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in a thrust bearing, the volute end face is formed with a first oil wedge region extending circumferentially along the thrust bearing, the first oil wedge region being recessed relative to the volute end face along the axial direction of the thrust bearing, and an oil delivery groove is formed in the first oil wedge region.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the thrust bearing of the present invention, the first oil wedge region is provided in multiple ways, the multiple first oil wedge regions are distributed circumferentially, each first oil wedge region is provided with at least one oil delivery groove and at least one oil guide groove, and at least one oil guide groove is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with at least one oil delivery groove; The oil storage tank is constructed as an annular groove, and multiple oil guide grooves are connected to the oil storage tank.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the thrust bearing of the present invention, the oil channel is located on the front side of the first oil wedge region along the rotation direction; The depth of the first oil wedge region is designed to gradually decrease along the rotation direction; And / or, the depth of the first oil wedge region is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thrust bearing has a pressure end face on the side away from the thrust plate, the pressure end face having a second oil wedge region extending circumferentially, the second oil wedge region being recessed relative to the pressure end face along the axial direction of the thrust bearing, and the oil guide channel being adapted to deliver oil to the second oil wedge region.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the thrust bearing of the present invention, the depth of the second oil wedge region is configured to gradually decrease along the rotation direction; And / or, the depth of the second oil wedge region is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the thrust bearing of the present invention, the diameter of the first oil wedge region is set to be larger than the diameter of the second oil wedge region.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a vehicle.

[0016] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the thrust bearing described in any of the preceding claims.

[0017] The vehicle and the aforementioned thrust bearing have the same advantages over the prior art, which will not be elaborated here.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure label: Turbocharger 100, Thrust bearing 1, scroll end face 11, oil inlet 111, oil guide channel 112, oil reservoir 113, oil guide groove 114, oil delivery groove 115, first oil wedge region 116, pressure end face 12, second oil wedge region 121. 2. Shell body, 21. Oil inlet channel, 22. Back plate, 3. Shaft seal, 4. Shaft seal limiting part, 41. Thrust plate, 5. Pressure roller, 6. Oil baffle, 7. Floating bearing, 8. Heat shield, 9. Turbine shaft, 10. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The following is for reference. Figures 1-7The thrust bearing 1 described in the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the reliability of oil delivery to the turbine end face 11, thereby ensuring the axial load capacity of the thrust bearing 1, so as to ensure the reliability of the turbocharger 100, and can avoid wear on the thrust bearing 1, extending the service life and reliability of the thrust bearing 1.

[0025] like Figures 1-7 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a thrust bearing 1 is adapted to be installed in a turbocharger 100. The outer peripheral wall of the shaft seal 4 of the turbocharger 100 is provided with a protruding shaft seal limiting part 41. The thrust bearing 1 is sleeved on the shaft seal 4 and presses against the shaft seal limiting part 41 and the thrust plate 5 axially. The thrust bearing 1 forms an oil guide channel 112, and an oil reservoir 113 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1. The oil guide channel 112 is adapted to supply oil to the oil reservoir 113. The side of the thrust bearing 1 near the thrust plate 5 is constructed as a volute end face 11. The volute end face 11 forms an oil delivery groove 115 that opens toward the thrust plate 5. The oil delivery groove 115 extends radially along the thrust bearing 1 and its inner end communicates with the oil reservoir 113. The axial depth of the oil delivery groove 115 is constructed to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1.

[0026] Specifically, the turbocharger 100 utilizes the high-temperature, high-pressure exhaust gas from the engine to drive the turbine at the vortex end to rotate at high speed. This allows the turbine to drive the coaxially arranged pressure roller 6 to rotate via the turbine shaft 10, thereby forcing fresh air into the cylinder, increasing the intake air density and oxygen content, making fuel combustion more complete, and recovering and utilizing exhaust gas energy to improve environmental performance. The turbocharger 100 is equipped with a thrust bearing 1, and a shaft seal 4 is fitted outside the turbine shaft 10 and presses against the pressure roller 6 and the thrust plate 5 axially. The shaft seal 4 forms a shaft seal limiting part 41, which protrudes radially. The thrust bearing 1 is fitted outside the shaft seal 4 and presses against the shaft seal limiting part 41 and the thrust plate 5 axially. Thus, when the turbocharger 100 is working, the gas pressure and velocity at the vortex end change significantly, causing the axial force on the vortex end to be greater than the axial force on the pressure end. That is, the contact stress on the side of the thrust bearing 1 closest to the thrust plate 5 is greater.

[0027] Furthermore, a volute end face 11 is formed on the side of the thrust bearing 1 near the thrust plate 5. The volute end face 11 contacts the thrust plate 5 and has an oil inlet 111. The oil inlet 111 can communicate with the oil inlet channel 21 provided in the housing body 2 of the turbocharger 100. An oil reservoir 113 is also formed on the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1. The oil reservoir 113 opens radially inward, so that when the thrust bearing 1 is sleeved outside the shaft seal 4, the oil reservoir 113 can open towards the shaft seal 4. An oil guide channel 112 is also provided. One end of the oil guide channel 112 is connected to the oil inlet 111, and the other end is connected to the oil reservoir 113, so that oil can be transported from the oil inlet 111 to the oil guide channel 112, and then transported to the oil reservoir 113 through the oil guide channel 112. The oil reservoir 113 is open to the shaft seal 4, so that the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1 and the outer peripheral wall of the shaft seal 4 can be lubricated, avoiding wear on the shaft seal 4 and the thrust bearing 1, and ensuring reliable use.

[0028] Furthermore, the vortex end face 11 also has an oil delivery groove 115, which is open to the thrust plate 5. The oil delivery groove 115 extends radially along the thrust plate 5, and its inner end is connected to the oil storage tank 113, so that the oil in the oil storage tank 113 can be delivered to the oil delivery groove 115. The oil delivery groove 115 is open to the thrust plate 5, so that the oil delivery groove 115 can deliver oil between the vortex end face 11 and the thrust plate 5 to form an oil film on the vortex end face 11. This ensures the axial load capacity of the thrust bearing 1, improves the reliability of the turbocharger 100, and avoids wear between the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5, thus extending the service life.

[0029] In addition, the axial depth of the oil delivery groove 115 is designed to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1. That is, the axial depth of the oil delivery groove 115 is the largest at the inner end along the radial direction and the smallest at the outer end along the radial direction. In actual installation, the outer end of the bottom surface of the oil delivery groove 115 can be connected to the volute end face 11, thereby increasing the amount of oil delivered to the oil delivery groove 115. The distance of oil delivery can also be increased through the oil delivery groove 115, thereby ensuring the area and integrity of the oil film on the volute end face 11, so as to improve the axial bearing capacity of the thrust bearing 1 and ensure the amount of oil between the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5 to ensure the lubrication effect, avoid wear on the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5, and extend the service life.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thrust bearing 1 is provided with an oil channel 115 that opens toward the thrust plate 5, and the axial depth of the oil channel 115 is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1. This ensures the amount of oil delivered to the vortex end face 11, thereby ensuring the reliability of oil delivery to the vortex end face 11. This also ensures the axial bearing capacity of the thrust bearing 1, thereby ensuring the reliability of the turbocharger 100, increasing the applicability of the turbocharger 100, and avoiding wear on the thrust bearing 1. This extends the service life and reliability of the thrust bearing 1, resulting in better performance and a wider range of applications.

[0031] In some embodiments, the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1 is further formed with an inwardly open oil guide groove 114, which is connected between the oil storage groove 113 and the oil delivery groove 115.

[0032] Specifically, the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1 is provided with an inwardly open oil reservoir 113, and as shown in the figure... Figures 1-2 and Figures 4-5 As shown, the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1 is also provided with an oil guide groove 114. The oil guide groove 114 is also constructed to be open inward for easy processing. When the thrust bearing 1 is installed outside the shaft seal 4, the oil in the oil guide groove 114 can also lubricate the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1 and the outer peripheral wall of the shaft seal 4 to ensure the lubrication effect. The oil guide groove 114 is connected between the inner ends of the oil storage tank 113 and the oil delivery tank 115, so that the oil in the oil storage tank 113 can be transported to the oil delivery tank 115 through the oil guide groove 114, thereby improving the accuracy of oil delivery and ensuring the amount of oil delivered to the oil delivery tank 115. This ensures the load-bearing capacity and lubrication effect between the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5, and ensures the reliability of the thrust bearing 1.

[0033] In some embodiments, the oil guide groove 114 has a triangular cross-section in the radial direction.

[0034] Specifically, the oil guide groove 114 is connected between the oil storage groove 113 and the oil delivery groove 115, and as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the cross-section of the oil guide groove 114 along the radial direction is a triangular cross-section, and the width of the cross-section is gradually reduced from the inside to the outside along the radial direction. This makes the width of the side where the oil guide groove 114 and the oil storage tank 113 are connected to be the minimum. In this way, when the oil is transported from the oil guide groove 114 to the oil delivery tank 115, the oil guide groove 114 can guide the oil to ensure that most of the oil can flow along the oil guide groove 114 to the oil delivery tank 115, and can reduce the flow resistance of the oil flowing into the oil delivery tank 115, so as to ensure the reliability of oil delivery.

[0035] In other embodiments, the width of the oil delivery trough 115 is configured to gradually increase radially inward.

[0036] Specifically, the vortex end face 11 has an oil channel 115 that opens toward the thrust plate 5, and as... Figure 3 As shown, the width of the oil delivery groove 115 is set to gradually increase radially inward, that is, along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1, the width of the inner end of the oil delivery groove 115 is set to be the largest, and the width of the outer end of the oil delivery groove 115 is set to be the smallest, so that the width of the connection end between the oil delivery groove 115 and the guide groove 114 is the largest, which facilitates the oil to enter the oil delivery groove 115 through the guide groove 114, so as to ensure the amount of oil delivered to the oil delivery groove 115. Furthermore, the width of the oil delivery groove 115 is set to gradually decrease radially outward, so that the oil delivery groove 115 can guide the oil and increase the flow rate of the oil, thereby ensuring the reliability of the oil delivery between the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5, and thus improving the lubrication effect.

[0037] In other embodiments, the maximum width of the oil guide groove 114 is greater than the maximum width of the oil delivery groove 115.

[0038] Specifically, the oil guide channel 114 connects the oil storage tank 113 and the oil guide channel 114. The width of the oil guide channel 114 can be set to gradually decrease from the oil storage tank 113 to the oil delivery channel 115, that is, the width of the end of the oil guide channel 114 closest to the oil storage tank 113 is set to be the largest, thereby reducing the resistance of oil entering the oil guide channel 114 and ensuring the reliability of oil delivery to the oil guide channel 114. As the oil guide channel 114 extends towards the oil delivery channel 115, its width gradually decreases, thereby increasing the flow rate of oil delivery to the oil delivery channel 115 and ensuring the reliability of oil delivery from the oil guide channel 114 to the oil delivery channel 115. The maximum width of the oil guide channel 114 is greater than the maximum width of the oil delivery channel 115 to ensure the amount of oil delivered to the oil delivery channel 115 through the oil guide channel 114 and improve the reliability of the use of the oil guide channel 114.

[0039] In some embodiments, the volute end face 11 is formed with a first oil wedge region 116 extending circumferentially along the thrust bearing 1. The first oil wedge region 116 is recessed relative to the volute end face 11 along the axial direction of the thrust bearing 1, and an oil delivery groove 115 is formed in the first oil wedge region 116.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figures 1-3As shown, the vortex end face 11 also forms a first oil wedge region 116. The first oil wedge region 116 extends circumferentially along the thrust bearing 1. An oil delivery groove 115 is formed in the first oil wedge region 116, so that the oil delivered through the oil delivery groove 115 can flow into the first oil wedge region 116. The first oil wedge region 116 is recessed relative to the vortex end face 11 along the axial direction of the thrust bearing 1, so that the oil delivered by the oil delivery groove 115 to the first oil wedge region 116 can form an oil film of a certain thickness in the first oil wedge region 116, reducing the contact area between the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5, and improving the lubrication effect between the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5, avoiding wear on the thrust plate 5 and the thrust bearing 1. The oil delivery groove 115 can ensure the amount of oil in the first oil wedge region 116, thereby ensuring the integrity of the oil film, improving the axial load capacity of the thrust bearing 1, and ensuring the reliability and applicability of the turbocharger 100.

[0041] In some embodiments, there are multiple first oil wedge regions 116, which are distributed circumferentially. Each first oil wedge region 116 is provided with at least one oil delivery groove 115 and at least one oil guide groove 114. The at least one oil guide groove 114 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the at least one oil delivery groove 115. The oil storage tank 113 is constructed as an annular groove, and the multiple oil guide grooves 114 are all connected to the oil storage tank 113.

[0042] Specifically, the vortex end face 11 forms a first oil wedge region 116, and as shown in the figure Figures 1-3 As shown, multiple first oil wedge regions 116 are provided, that is, two, three or four first oil wedge regions 116 can be provided. In this embodiment, six first oil wedge regions 116 are provided. Multiple first oil wedge regions 116 are distributed circumferentially, so that multiple first oil wedge regions 116 can jointly form an annular oil wedge region. Each first oil wedge region 116 is provided with at least one oil delivery groove 115 and at least one oil guide groove 114. That is, each first oil wedge region 116 is provided with one, two or three oil delivery grooves 115 and oil guide grooves 114. In this embodiment, each first oil wedge region 116 is provided with one oil delivery groove 115 and one oil guide groove 114, which can increase the area of ​​the oil film between the thrust bearing 1 and the thrust plate 5, and improve the load-bearing capacity and lubrication effect.

[0043] Furthermore, at least one oil guide groove 114 and at least one oil delivery groove 115 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, each oil delivery groove 115 is provided with a corresponding oil guide groove 114, which can ensure the reliability of oil delivery to the oil delivery groove 115. Moreover, the oil storage groove 113 is constructed as an annular groove, and multiple oil guide grooves 114 can be connected to the oil storage groove 113, so that oil can be delivered to multiple oil guide grooves 114 at the same time by setting up one oil storage groove 113, which simplifies the structure and facilitates manufacturing.

[0044] In some embodiments, the oil delivery groove 115 is located on the front side of the first oil wedge region 116 along the rotation direction, wherein the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 is configured to gradually decrease along the rotation direction.

[0045] Specifically, the oil channel 115 is formed in the first oil wedge region 116, and as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the oil channel 115 is located on the front side of the first oil wedge region 116 along the rotation direction. That is, when the thrust bearing 1 rotates, the front side of the first oil wedge region 116 along the rotation direction can be filled with oil through the oil channel 115. As the thrust bearing 1 rotates, the oil can flow from the front side to the rear side of the first oil wedge region 116, thereby filling the entire first oil wedge region 116. This ensures that all parts of the first oil wedge region 116 are filled with oil, thus ensuring the integrity of the oil film in the first oil wedge region 116, improving the load-bearing capacity and lubrication effect of the thrust bearing 1, and ensuring the reliability of the thrust bearing 1.

[0046] Furthermore, the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 is designed to gradually decrease along the rotation direction. That is, the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 at the front along the rotation direction is set to be larger, and the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 at the rear along the rotation direction is set to be smaller. The oil delivery groove 115 is set at the front of the first oil wedge region 116 along the rotation direction, so that when the thrust bearing 1 rotates, a large amount of oil can be delivered to the front of the first oil wedge region 116 along the rotation direction. As the rotation process progresses, the oil at the front of the first oil wedge region 116 along the rotation direction can flow to the rear. Setting the depth of the rear of the first oil wedge region 116 along the rotation direction to be smaller ensures the integrity of the oil film and avoids oil film damage due to oil reduction during rotation. This ensures lubrication reliability and improves load-bearing capacity.

[0047] In other embodiments, the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1.

[0048] Specifically, the first oil wedge region 116 is recessed circumferentially relative to the vortex end face 11, and the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1. That is, the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 near the inner side along the radial direction is set to be larger, and the depth of the first oil wedge region 116 near the outer side along the radial direction is set to be smaller. The oil reservoir 113 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1. When the oil flows into the oil reservoir 113, part of it can flow to the oil delivery groove 115 through the oil guide groove 114. Inside, another part can flow directly from the gap between the thrust bearing 1 and the shaft seal 4 to the volute end face 11 of the thrust bearing 1. The depth of the first oil wedge region 116 along the radial direction closer to the inner side is set to be larger, so that the oil can enter the first oil wedge region 116. The depth of the first oil wedge region 116 along the radial direction closer to the outer side is set to be smaller, so as to prevent the oil from flowing out of the first oil wedge region 116 under the action of centrifugal force, thereby ensuring sufficient oil in the first oil wedge region 116, and thus ensuring the load-bearing capacity and lubrication effect.

[0049] In some embodiments, the side of the thrust bearing 1 away from the thrust plate 5 is configured as a pressure end face 12, and the pressure end face 12 forms a second oil wedge region 121 extending circumferentially. The second oil wedge region 121 is recessed relative to the pressure end face 12 along the axial direction of the thrust bearing 1, and the oil guide channel 112 is adapted to deliver oil to the second oil wedge region 121.

[0050] Specifically, the side of the thrust bearing 1 away from the thrust plate 5 is constructed as a pressure end face 12. The pressure end face 12 is located near the shaft seal limiting part 41 of the shaft seal 4 and presses against the shaft seal limiting part 41 axially. The volute end face 11 also forms a second oil wedge region 121, which extends circumferentially along the thrust bearing 1. An oil reservoir 113 is formed on the inner circumferential wall of the thrust bearing 1. When oil flows into the oil reservoir 113, part of it can flow to the volute end face 11 and another part can flow to the pressure end face 12. The second oil wedge region 121 is recessed relative to the volute end face 11 along the axial direction of the thrust bearing 1, so that the oil can form an oil film of a certain thickness in the second oil wedge region 121, reducing the contact area between the thrust bearing 1 and the shaft seal limiting part 41, and improving the lubrication effect between the thrust bearing 1 and the shaft seal limiting part 41, thus avoiding wear on the shaft seal limiting part 41 and the thrust bearing 1.

[0051] Furthermore, multiple second oil wedge regions 121 can be provided, such as two, three, or four. In this embodiment, six second oil wedge regions 121 are provided. Multiple second oil wedge regions 121 are distributed circumferentially, so that multiple second oil wedge regions 121 can jointly form an annular oil wedge region, thereby increasing the area of ​​the oil film between the thrust bearing 1 and the shaft seal limiting part 41, and improving the load-bearing capacity and lubrication effect.

[0052] In some embodiments, the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 is configured to gradually decrease along the rotation direction.

[0053] Specifically, the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 is designed to gradually decrease along the rotation direction. That is, the depth of the front side of the second oil wedge region 121 along the rotation direction is set to be larger, and the depth of the rear side of the second oil wedge region 121 along the rotation direction is set to be smaller. This allows a large amount of oil to be delivered to the front side of the second oil wedge region 121 along the rotation direction when the thrust bearing 1 rotates. As the rotation process progresses, the oil on the front side of the second oil wedge region 121 along the rotation direction can flow to the rear side. Setting the depth of the rear side of the second oil wedge region 121 along the rotation direction to be smaller ensures the integrity of the oil film and avoids oil film damage due to oil reduction during rotation. This, in turn, ensures lubrication reliability and improves load-bearing capacity.

[0054] In other embodiments, the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1.

[0055] Specifically, the second oil wedge region 121 is recessed circumferentially relative to the vortex end face 11, and the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1. That is, the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 near the inner side along the radial direction is set to be larger, and the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 near the outer side along the radial direction is set to be smaller. The oil reservoir 113 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing 1. When the oil flows into the oil reservoir 113, part of it can flow from the gap between the thrust bearing 1 and the shaft seal 4 to the pressure end face 12 of the thrust bearing 1. Setting the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 near the inner side along the radial direction to be larger facilitates the entry of oil into the second oil wedge region 121, and setting the depth of the second oil wedge region 121 near the outer side along the radial direction to be smaller can prevent the oil from flowing out of the second oil wedge region 121 under the action of centrifugal force, so as to ensure sufficient oil in the second oil wedge region 121, thereby ensuring the load-bearing capacity and lubrication effect.

[0056] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first oil wedge region 116 is set to be larger than the diameter of the second oil wedge region 121.

[0057] Specifically, the diameter of the first oil wedge region 116 is set to be larger than the diameter of the second oil wedge region 121, that is, the first oil wedge region 116 occupies a larger proportion of the volute end face 11, while the second oil wedge region 121 occupies a smaller proportion of the pressure end face 12. In this embodiment, the diameter of the second oil wedge region 121 is 7.8% smaller than the diameter of the first oil wedge region 116. The larger diameter of the first oil wedge region 116 means that the oil film area generated by the first oil wedge region 116 is larger, resulting in higher load-bearing capacity and lubrication effect between the volute end face 11 and the thrust plate 5. However, when the turbocharger 100 is working, the gas pressure and velocity at the volute end change significantly, causing the axial force borne by the volute end to be greater than that at the pressure end. Consequently, the axial load borne by the volute end face 11 of the thrust bearing 1 is higher, which can ensure the reliability of the thrust bearing 1, avoid wear between the volute end face 11 and the thrust plate 5, and extend the service life of the thrust bearing 1. Furthermore, setting the diameter of the second oil wedge region 121 to be smaller can reduce power consumption and improve the efficiency of the turbocharger 100.

[0058] In addition, the turbocharger 100 is also equipped with an oil baffle 7, which is installed on the side of the thrust bearing 1 away from the thrust plate 5. The housing body 2 forms an oil return channel 22. After lubrication, the oil can flow along the oil baffle 7 to the oil return channel 22 for oil recycling. The pressure end of the housing body 2 is also equipped with a back plate 3, which is detachable from the housing body 2 to improve installation convenience. The pressure roller 6 and the shaft seal limiting part 41 are located on both sides of the back plate 3 along the axial direction. The turbine rotates synchronously with the pressure roller 6 through the turbine shaft 10. A floating bearing 8 is sleeved on the outside of the turbine shaft 10 to support the turbine shaft 10 and reduce the rotational friction of the turbine shaft 10 to improve the efficiency of the turbocharger 100. A heat insulation cover 9 is also provided between the turbine and the housing body 2 to avoid the high temperature of the turbine end from affecting the overall operation of the turbocharger 100 and to ensure the reliability of the turbocharger 100.

[0059] The present invention also proposes a vehicle.

[0060] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the thrust bearing 1 of any of the above claims.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle is equipped with a thrust bearing 1. By providing an oil channel 115 open to the thrust plate 5 in the thrust bearing 1, and constructing the axial depth of the oil channel 115 to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing 1, the amount of oil delivered to the turbine end face 11 can be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the reliability of oil delivery to the turbine end face 11. This also ensures the axial bearing capacity of the thrust bearing 1, thereby ensuring the reliability of the turbocharger 100, increasing the applicability range of the turbocharger 100, and avoiding wear on the thrust bearing 1, extending the service life and reliability of the thrust bearing 1, resulting in better performance and a wider range of applications.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0063] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thrust bearing, characterized in that, The thrust bearing (1) is adapted to be installed on the turbocharger (100). The outer peripheral wall of the shaft seal (4) of the turbocharger (100) is provided with a protruding shaft seal limiting part (41). The thrust bearing (1) is sleeved on the shaft seal (4) and presses against the shaft seal limiting part (41) and the thrust plate (5) in the axial direction. The thrust bearing (1) has an oil guide channel (112) and an oil reservoir (113) is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing (1). The oil guide channel (112) is adapted to supply oil to the oil reservoir (113). The side of the thrust bearing (1) near the thrust plate (5) is constructed as a volute end face (11). The volute end face (11) has an oil delivery groove (115) that opens toward the thrust plate (5). The oil delivery groove (115) extends radially along the thrust bearing (1) and its inner end communicates with the oil reservoir (113). The axial depth of the oil delivery groove (115) is constructed to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing (1).

2. The thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner peripheral wall of the thrust bearing (1) is also formed with an inwardly open oil guide groove (114), which is connected between the oil storage tank (113) and the oil delivery tank (115).

3. The thrust bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the oil guide groove (114) in the radial direction is triangular; And / or, the width of the oil delivery tank (115) is configured to gradually increase radially inward; And / or, the maximum width of the oil guide groove (114) is greater than the maximum width of the oil delivery groove (115).

4. The thrust bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vortex end face (11) is formed with a first oil wedge region (116) extending circumferentially along the thrust bearing (1), the first oil wedge region (116) being recessed relative to the vortex end face (11) along the axial direction of the thrust bearing (1), and the oil delivery groove (115) being formed in the first oil wedge region (116).

5. The thrust bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first oil wedge region (116) is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple first oil wedge regions (116) are distributed circumferentially. Each first oil wedge region (116) is provided with at least one oil delivery groove (115) and at least one oil guide groove (114). At least one oil guide groove (114) and at least one oil delivery groove (115) are provided in a one-to-one correspondence. The oil storage tank (113) is constructed as an annular groove, and the multiple oil guide grooves (114) are all connected to the oil storage tank (113).

6. The thrust bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil delivery trough (115) is located on the front side of the first oil wedge region (116) along the rotation direction; The depth of the first oil wedge region (116) is designed to gradually decrease along the rotation direction; And / or, the depth of the first oil wedge region (116) is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing (1).

7. The thrust bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side of the thrust bearing (1) away from the thrust plate (5) is constructed as a pressure end face (12), and the pressure end face (12) forms a second oil wedge region (121) extending circumferentially. The second oil wedge region (121) is recessed relative to the pressure end face (12) along the axial direction of the thrust bearing (1), and the oil guide channel (112) is adapted to deliver oil to the second oil wedge region (121).

8. The thrust bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The depth of the second oil wedge region (121) is designed to gradually decrease along the rotation direction; And / or, the depth of the second oil wedge region (121) is configured to gradually increase from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the thrust bearing (1).

9. The thrust bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the first oil wedge region (116) is set to be larger than the diameter of the second oil wedge region (121).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the thrust bearing (1) according to any one of claims 1-9.

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