Rubber part quality detection device and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rubber detection, in particular to a rubber part quality detection device and a detection method thereof. The device comprises a detection index plate, a support and two lifting devices are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the detection index plate, a laser diameter measuring sensor is arranged on the support, and the laser diameter measuring sensor is arranged above a vibration disc feeder in a suspended mode and used for measuring the diameter of a passing rubber part. A top view camera and a side view camera are connected to the lifting device, an annular lamp is fixedly arranged on the periphery of a lens of the top view camera, a supporting rod is fixedly connected to the lifting device corresponding to the side view camera, and a parallel backlight lamp is arranged at the end of the supporting rod; light shields are arranged on the peripheries of the annular lamp and the parallel backlight lamp, baffles are movably arranged in the light shields, and driving assemblies are connected between the baffles and the light shields; the driving assembly adjusts the rotation angle of the laser diameter measuring sensor according to detection data of the laser diameter measuring sensor, drives the baffle to move in the light shield, and adjusts the local shielding range of the baffle to the light emitting area of the corresponding light source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber testing technology, and more specifically, to a device and method for testing the quality of rubber parts. Background Technology

[0002] Existing rubber parts quality inspection equipment mainly includes core types such as appearance and dimensional inspection, mechanical property inspection, non-destructive testing, and environmental adaptability testing. Among them, appearance and dimensional inspection, as a key link in rapid screening on the production line, often uses non-contact equipment such as machine vision inspection systems, laser diameter gauges, and rubber ring-specific measuring instruments to achieve efficient and automated measurement of surface defects (such as scratches, burrs, and bubbles) and key dimensions (such as inner diameter, outer diameter, and thickness).

[0003] In machine vision-based inspection systems, a dual-station integrated configuration of top-view and side-view is often used to simultaneously acquire planar dimensions and thickness information of rubber parts. The top-view station integrates a vertically downward-facing industrial camera and a ring light source, using the ring light arranged around the lens to provide uniform diffuse illumination to clearly highlight the planar contour boundaries of the rubber part. This is suitable for measuring planar dimensions such as length, width, inner diameter, and outer diameter, as well as identifying surface defects. The side-view station is equipped with a horizontally oriented industrial camera and a back parallel light source. By using transmitted light from the other side of the measured part or high-contrast backlighting, a clear edge contour is formed to meet the needs of accurate thickness measurement and detection of side defects (such as dents and flash).

[0004] However, in the actual inspection process of the above-mentioned dual-station visual inspection system, the light emitted from the back light source of the side-view station can easily leak through physical gaps into the top-view imaging area, causing local overexposure of the image captured by the top-view camera. This results in a decrease in the edge grayscale contrast of the rubber part in the visual photograph, blurring the planar dimension boundaries and affecting the measurement accuracy. Furthermore, the mirror or diffuse reflection light formed by the ring light of the top-view station on the surface of the rubber part can easily enter the lens of the side-view camera, forming flares or halos on the imaging surface, interfering with the clear extraction of the thickness direction edge. In view of this, a rubber part quality inspection device and its inspection method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a rubber part quality inspection device and method. It involves setting light shields around a ring light and a parallel backlight, and movably assembling a baffle with a sliding component within a groove on the side wall of the light shield facing another workstation light source. A drive assembly adjusts the initial tilt angle of the baffle based on the diameter data of the rubber part collected by a laser diameter sensor. Furthermore, the analysis module built into the image acquisition unit determines the exposure state of the captured image and precisely corrects the baffle angle, enabling the baffle to adaptively block stray light from the intersecting sides. This avoids overexposure of the top view image and light spot interference in the side view image, ensuring edge sharpness and dimensional measurement accuracy in both top and side view images. This solves the problems mentioned in the background art, namely: The side-view station's parallel light source leaks light into the top-view area, causing overexposure of the top view image, blurring of the dimensions of the rubber parts, and the ring light reflected from the top-view station enters the side-view camera lens, forming light spots and interfering with thickness measurement.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one objective of the present invention is to provide a rubber part quality inspection device, including a vibratory feeder. The conveying end of the vibratory feeder is provided with a detection indexing plate. A support and two lifting devices are arranged sequentially on the outer periphery of the detection indexing plate. A laser diameter measuring sensor is provided on the support and suspended above the vibratory feeder for measuring the diameter of the passing rubber part. The two lifting devices are respectively driven and connected to a top-view camera and a side-view camera. A ring light is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the lens of the top-view camera. A support rod is fixedly connected to the lifting device corresponding to the side-view camera. A parallel backlight is installed at the end of the support rod. The light output direction of the parallel backlight is towards the imaging optical axis of the side-view camera. The ring light and the parallel backlight are both equipped with light shields. Each light shield has a groove on its side wall facing the light source of another work station. A baffle is movably installed in the groove. A driving component is connected between the baffle and the light shield. Sliding components are fixedly connected to both sides of the baffle. The sliding components slide in cooperation with the inner wall of the light shield. The drive component adjusts its rotation angle according to the detection data of the laser diameter measuring sensor, and drives the baffle to move inside the light shield, adjusting the local occlusion range of the baffle on the light emission area of ​​the corresponding light source.

[0007] In the above technical solution, both the light shield and the baffle are made of matte black PC board. When the parallel backlight of the side-view station leaks light and the ring light of the top-view station reflects light, the light shield and baffle made of matte black PC board will first absorb most of the stray light, and then block the propagation path of the remaining stray light through their own shape, reducing the cross movement of stray light between the two stations, suppressing the cross light path interference between the ring light and the parallel backlight, and reducing the probability of overexposure of the planar image captured by the top-view camera and light spots in the thickness image captured by the side-view camera.

[0008] Based on this, the outer shell is designed with a conical structure and the top adopts a circumferential surface that matches the shape of the light source. It fits the circumferential shape of the ring light and the outer contour of the parallel backlight. After being fitted, it can eliminate the gap between the light source and the light shield, and prevent stray light from leaking out from the installation gap. At the same time, the conical structure is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which can guide the light source to concentrate on the rubber part detection area on the detection indexing plate, and reduce the irregular divergence of light to another station. The bottom of the housing adopts a square bottom design, forming a stable connection structure with the U-shaped enclosure. The U-shaped enclosure extends perpendicular to the bottom surface of the housing, with its opening facing another workstation, forming a groove to accommodate the baffle. The three side walls of the enclosure further block the lateral propagation of stray light.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a support block, a protrusion, a rotating rod, and a motor; the support block is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle, the protrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing, the support block and the protrusion are hinged together by the rotating rod, and the output shaft of the motor is drivenly connected to the rotating rod to drive the rotating rod and the support block to rotate synchronously. When the analysis module issues an adjustment command, the motor can directly drive the rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod drives the support block to rotate synchronously through the hinge point, thereby pulling the baffle to move smoothly along the sliding component. By controlling the tilt angle of the baffle, the baffle can adjust the occlusion range of the light source emission area according to the rubber part diameter data and the image exposure status.

[0010] In another technical solution, the sliding component adopts a combination structure of a stop bar and a ball bearing. The stop bar is fixed to the side wall of the baffle and accommodated in the groove of the surrounding plate. Its internal accommodating cavity limits the ball bearing. The ball bearing protrudes from the surface of the stop bar and rolls in contact with the inner wall of the groove, converting the sliding friction during baffle adjustment into rolling friction, reducing motion resistance, and preventing the baffle from getting stuck or worn due to excessive friction, thus ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of angle adjustment. Meanwhile, the stop bar is made of silicone material, which produces moderate deformation when the baffle moves, buffering the collision stress; and the stop bar is designed as a double-apex structure with a plane and a slope. The plane forms a close fit with the inner wall of the enclosure to ensure the stability of the baffle's posture during adjustment and avoid displacement; the reserved gap formed by the slope and the inner wall of the enclosure is adapted to the trajectory of the baffle rotating around the hinge point.

[0011] Preferably, the distance between the outer tangential surface of the ball protruding from the stop bar and the oblique tangential surface of the outer shell is set as 'a', and the distance between the outer tangential surface of the ball protruding from the stop bar and the oblique tangential surface of the outer shell is set as 'b', where a < the radius of the ball < b. By making 'a' less than the radius of the ball, it is ensured that the portion of the ball protruding from the outer tangential surface of the stop bar is sufficient to form reliable rolling contact with the inner wall of the enclosure, avoiding the situation where the ball cannot effectively support the baffle due to insufficient protrusion, or where sliding friction replaces rolling friction. If the radius of the ball is less than b, it is to avoid collision or interference between the ball and the oblique tangential surface of the outer shell when the baffle is adjusted, ensuring that the ball always rolls within a safe range.

[0012] In addition, a shielding shell is provided on the outer wall of the outer shell near the baffle. The shielding shell is semi-circular and covers the gap area between the baffle and the outer shell to form an annular shielding barrier. One end of the shielding shell is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer shell, and the other end is pressed against the outer wall of the baffle to ensure that the rotation direction of the baffle inside the enclosure is only tilted inward.

[0013] Furthermore, the top-view camera and the side-view camera are integrated to form an image acquisition unit. An analysis module is installed inside the image acquisition unit to realize centralized acquisition and unified transmission of image data from the two cameras, avoiding data transmission delays or synchronization deviations caused by a distributed layout, and ensuring that top-view and side-view image data can be sent to the analysis module simultaneously. The analysis module is electrically connected to the laser diameter sensor and the motor respectively, forming a control system. It receives the diameter data of the rubber part collected by the laser diameter sensor in real time, providing a basis for calculating the initial tilt angle of the baffle, and directly converts the exposure determination result into motor control commands.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a detection method for operating a rubber part quality inspection device comprising any one of the above-described methods, comprising the following steps: S1. Start the vibratory feeder to arrange the disordered rubber parts into an orderly arrangement through vibration, and then convey them to the inspection indexing plate through the conveying channel; at the same time, adjust the two lifting devices so that the top-view camera and the side-view camera are respectively aligned with the top inspection position and the side inspection position of the inspection indexing plate. S2. When the rubber part moves in the conveying channel, the laser diameter sensor suspended above measures its diameter and transmits the collected diameter data to the image analysis module in real time. S3. The image analysis module generates an initial adjustment command based on the diameter data measured in S2, controls the motor of the drive component to operate, and the motor drives the baffle to rotate around the hinge point through the rotating rod. At the same time, the baffle slides along the inner wall of the enclosure through the sliding component until it is adjusted to the initial tilt angle that matches the current size of the rubber part, thus initially blocking stray light from the cross side. S4. Detect the intermittent rotation of the indexing plate to transfer the rubber part to the top and side inspection positions, turn on the ring light (120) and parallel backlight, the top camera takes a top view image of the rubber part to detect the plane size and surface defects, the side camera simultaneously takes a side view image of the rubber part to detect the thickness size and side defects, and transmits the image data to the image analysis module. S5. The image analysis module extracts the edge grayscale contrast and overall average grayscale value of the top-view and side-view images to determine the exposure status. If the edge grayscale contrast is <60 or the average grayscale value is >180, it is considered overexposed. If the edge grayscale contrast is greater than 100 or the average grayscale value is less than 120, it is judged as underexposed. If the above parameters are within the threshold range, it is determined to be normal exposure; If overexposure is detected, the image analysis module controls the motor to drive the baffle to tilt inward by 0.5-1°, increasing the occlusion range of the light source on the cross side; If it is determined to be underexposed, tilt the baffle outward by 0.5-1° to reduce the shading range; After correction, return to S4 to reacquire the image until the exposure is normal. S6. The image analysis module processes normally exposed images and measures key dimensions such as the inner diameter, outer diameter, and thickness of rubber parts through edge extraction and template matching algorithms. It identifies defects such as surface scratches, burrs, and side flashes, and compares them with preset qualified thresholds to determine whether the rubber parts are qualified or unqualified.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The workpiece diameter data acquired by the laser diameter sensor is used by the drive assembly to pre-adjust the tilt angle of the baffle, physically blocking potential stray light paths from the ring light or parallel backlight. The image acquisition unit's built-in analysis module analyzes the exposure uniformity and edge contrast of the real-time captured images and fine-tunes the baffle angle accordingly, enabling the baffle to dynamically and adaptively match the specific light interference paths generated by rubber parts of different sizes. This physically blocks the cross-light path interference between the ring light and the parallel backlight, reducing local overexposure caused by lateral light leakage in the top view image. At the same time, it reduces the probability of flares caused by top reflection light in the side view image, improving the edge sharpness and overall clarity of the top and side view images. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer periphery structure of the detection indexing plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top-view camera structure position of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light source path inside the light shield of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the side-view camera structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the light shield structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding component structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding shell structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the control system of the present invention.

[0017] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Detection indexing plate; 11. Laser diameter measuring sensor; 12. Top-down camera view; 120. Ring light; 13. Side-view camera; 130. Parallel backlight; 14. Sunshade; 140. Outer shell; 141. Enclosure; 15. Baffle; 16. Drive assembly; 160. Support block; 161. Protrusion; 162. Rotating rod; 163. Motor; 17. Sheath; 18. Sliding component; 180. Blocking strip; 181. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] To address the issues of overexposure and blurred dimension boundaries in top-view images caused by backlight leakage during side-view viewing, and light spot interference in side-view images caused by ring light reflection during top-view viewing, this invention provides a rubber part quality inspection device. (See [link to device]). Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a vibratory feeder. The conveying end of the vibratory feeder is equipped with a detection indexing plate 1. The outer periphery of the detection indexing plate 1 is provided with a bracket and two lifting devices. A laser diameter measuring sensor 11 is installed on the bracket and suspended above the vibratory feeder. After the vibratory feeder is started, it organizes the disordered rubber parts into an orderly state through vibration, and then smoothly conveys them along the conveying channel to the inspection indexing plate 1 connected to its conveying end. The inspection indexing plate 1, as the core of bearing and transferring rubber parts, receives the rubber parts from the feeder and rotates intermittently according to the preset rhythm, transferring the rubber parts to each inspection station in sequence. Among them, the detection end of the laser diameter sensor 11 is aligned with the flow path of the rubber part in the channel. When the rubber part moves to the sensor detection area with the conveying channel, the laser diameter sensor 11 collects the diameter data of the rubber part in real time. This data will directly serve as the core basis for the subsequent adjustment of the initial angle of the baffle 15. The working principle of the laser diameter sensor 11 is as known in the prior art. It adopts the through-beam laser measurement principle. Its transmitting end and receiving end are arranged opposite each other along an axis perpendicular to the conveying direction of the rubber part. The transmitting end continuously emits a parallel laser beam that passes through the conveying channel of the vibratory feeder. The receiving end has a built-in high-precision photoelectric conversion element to capture the laser signal passing through the channel in real time. When the rubber part moves smoothly along the conveyor channel to the detection area covered by the laser beam, the rubber part will partially block the laser beam along its diameter. The receiving end detects the effective width of the blocked laser beam, and combines it with parameters such as the laser wavelength and optical path spacing calibrated before the equipment leaves the factory. The internal signal processing unit completes photoelectric signal conversion and digital calculation to calculate the actual diameter of the current rubber part. This measurement data is transmitted in real time to the analysis module of the image acquisition unit in the form of a standard electrical signal, providing a dimensional reference for the subsequent adjustment of the initial tilt angle of the baffle 15 based on the specifications of the rubber part.

[0020] In the above technical solution, two lifting devices are respectively driven and connected to a top-view camera 12 and a side-view camera 13. The installation height of the two cameras can be adjusted according to the rubber part inspection requirements to ensure that the camera's field of view can cover the rubber part inspection area on the inspection index plate 1. See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a ring light 120 is fixedly installed around the lens of the top-view camera 12 to provide uniform surrounding illumination for the top-view inspection of rubber parts, highlighting the planar contours and surface defects; see reference Figure 6 As shown, a support rod is fixedly connected to the lifting device corresponding to the side-view camera 13. A parallel backlight 130 is provided at the end of the support rod. The light output direction of the parallel backlight 130 is towards the imaging optical axis of the side-view camera 13, providing high-contrast backlight for the side inspection of rubber parts. The ring light 120 and the parallel backlight 130 are respectively fitted with light shields 14. Each light shield 14 has a groove on its side wall facing the light source of the other workstation (the light source of the ring light 120 or the parallel backlight 130). This groove provides movable installation space for the baffle 15, allowing the baffle 15 to flexibly adjust its position and posture within the groove to specifically block the cross light that may occur between the two workstations. For details, see [link to documentation]. Figure 5 As shown, the hollow arrow indicates the direction of light source propagation; When the ring light 120 is working, the light it produces may reflect and propagate towards the side-view workstation. When the parallel backlight 130 is working, it may leak light towards the top-view workstation. The baffle 15 can block these stray lights heading towards another workstation by adjusting its tilt angle and blocking position. Both the light shield 14 and the baffle 15 are made of matte black PC board. The black color gives the components a high light absorption rate, directly absorbing the stray light generated when the ring light 120 and the parallel backlight 130 are working, and avoiding secondary interference caused by stray light reflection. At the same time, the matte surface can suppress specular reflection and strong diffuse reflection, reduce the irregular propagation of stray light into the surrounding environment, and reduce the risk of optical crosstalk. Based on the good structural strength and molding stability of the PC board itself, it is ensured that the light shield 14 and the baffle 15 maintain their design shape during long-term use, are not easily deformed or damaged, and ensure the continuity of the light shielding effect.

[0021] For details, see Figure 7 As shown, the light shield 14 includes an outer shell 140 and a surrounding plate 141. The outer shell 140 is designed as a conical structure, and its top adopts a circumferential surface that matches the circumferential shape of the ring lamp 120 and the outer circumferential contour of the parallel backlight lamp 130. After being installed, it fits the outer periphery of the light source. The outer shell 140 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. Since the light generated when the light source is working will not only directly hit the detection area, but also some light will hit the inner wall of the conical outer shell 140, it conforms to the specular reflection law of light propagation (the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle). When the light hits the surface of the object, the reflected light, the incident light, and the normal (an imaginary straight line perpendicular to the surface of the object) are in the same plane, and the reflection angle is always equal to the incident angle. At this time, the outer shell 140 has a conical structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. Its inner wall is a continuous inclined surface that slopes towards the detection area (the rubber part below), and the normal direction of the inclined surface always points to the detection area side. When the ring light 120 or the parallel backlight 130 is working, some of the light will directly illuminate the conical inner wall: the incident light is emitted from the light source (located near the narrow end of the top of the housing 140) towards the inner wall, and the incident angle is determined by the tilt direction of the inner wall; according to the law that the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle, the reflected light will deflect downward at an angle symmetrical to the incident light, and finally point to the rubber part detection area on the detection scale 1; at the same time, the structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom makes the inner wall form a converging tilt, and all the reflected light from the inner wall will be directed to the same detection area below due to the uniform tilt direction, rather than diverging to the sides, tops or other non-target directions; The bottom of the outer shell 140 adopts a square bottom design, which is connected to the U-shaped enclosure 141. The enclosure 141 extends downward perpendicular to the bottom surface of the outer shell 140 and forms three continuous closed side walls, leaving only a U-shaped opening facing another workstation (for accommodating the baffle 15 and adapting to the movement of the baffle 15). When the lateral propagation path of stray light is mostly horizontal or oblique towards another workstation, these stray lights will directly contact the three closed sidewalls of the enclosure 141 when they attempt to diffuse laterally from the light source. At this time, the enclosure 141 will block the stray light from penetrating and absorb the stray light that comes into contact, preventing the stray light from continuing to propagate laterally after being reflected by the sidewalls, thus reducing optical path crosstalk between the two workstations.

[0022] See Figure 7 As shown, a drive assembly 16 is connected between the baffle 15 and the light shield 14. The drive assembly 16 includes a support block 160, a protrusion 161, a rotating rod 162, and a motor 163. The support block 160 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle 15, and the protrusion 161 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell 140 of the light shield 14. The two are hinged together by the rotating rod 162. This hinge structure provides a fulcrum for the rotation of the baffle 15, ensuring that the baffle 15 always moves around the axis of the rotating rod 162 during the adjustment process, avoiding deviation or shaking. At this time, the motor 163 serves as the power output source, and its output shaft is directly connected to the rotating rod 162 to convert the electrical signal into mechanical rotational motion. When the analysis module issues an adjustment command, the motor 163 starts and drives the output shaft to rotate, and the output shaft drives the rotating rod 162 to rotate synchronously. Since the rotating rod 162 is hinged and fixed to the support block 160, the rotation of the rotating rod 162 will directly pull the support block 160 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby driving the baffle 15 fixed to the support block 160 to move together.

[0023] See Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, sliding components are fixedly connected to both sides of the baffle 15. The sliding components include a blocking strip 180 and multiple balls 181. The blocking strip 180 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the baffle 15 and is completely housed in the groove of the surrounding plate 141. It has a special receiving cavity inside, and the multiple balls 181 are rolled and embedded in the receiving cavity. The receiving cavity limits the balls 181 to prevent the balls 181 from falling off or shifting. At the same time, it allows the balls 181 to protrude from the surface of the blocking strip 180 and form rolling contact with the inner wall of the groove of the surrounding plate 141. This converts the sliding friction between the baffle 15 and the inner wall of the groove into rolling friction, reduces the movement resistance, avoids the baffle 15 from getting stuck, sluggish or excessively worn during adjustment, and ensures the smoothness of angle adjustment. Among them, the plug strip 180 is made of silicone. Since silicone has good elasticity, sealing and cushioning properties, the plug strip 180 can fill the tiny gap between the baffle 15 and the groove of the enclosure 141, blocking stray light from leaking out from the gap. In addition, when the baffle 15 moves and undergoes moderate deformation, it can buffer the collision stress with the inner wall of the enclosure 141 and avoid wear on the surface of the component. like Figure 8 As shown, one of the top corner surfaces near the enclosure 141 is a planar structure, which forms a support surface with the inner wall of the enclosure 141 to ensure that the baffle 15 maintains a stable posture during tilt adjustment and avoids left or right displacement or swaying; the other top corner surface is a sloping structure, and a specific gap is reserved between the sloping surface and the inner wall of the enclosure 141 to accommodate the part of the ball bearing 181 protruding from the surface of the stopper 180. like Figure 8 As shown, the distance between the outer tangential surface of the ball bearing 181 extending from the plug 180 and the inclined surface of the outer shell 140 is set as 'a', and the distance between the outer tangential surface of the ball bearing 181 and the inclined surface of the outer shell 140 is set as 'b', where a < the radius of the ball bearing 181 < b. By making 'a' less than the radius of the ball bearing 181, it is ensured that the portion of the ball bearing 181 protruding from the outer tangential surface of the plug 180 has sufficient length to form reliable rolling contact with the inner wall of the enclosure 141. The radius of the ball bearing 181 is less than b, which provides sufficient accommodating space for the ball bearing 181. Together with the gap formed by the inclined surface, this ensures that the ball bearing 181 rolls within a safe range between the accommodating cavity, the gap of the inclined surface, and the inner wall of the groove. When the motor 163 of the drive assembly 16 drives the rotating rod 162 to rotate, the rotating rod 162 pulls the support block 160 and the baffle 15 fixed thereto tilt around the hinge point for adjustment. At this time, the balls 181 on both sides of the baffle 15 maintain rolling contact with the inner wall of the groove of the surrounding plate 141, reducing the frictional resistance when the baffle 15 moves. Compared with sliding friction, rolling friction has a smaller coefficient of friction, which can effectively avoid the baffle 15 from having adjustment jamming, sluggishness or uneven force causing deviation.

[0024] Additionally, see Figure 9As shown, a shielding shell 17 is provided on the outer wall of the outer shell 140 near the baffle 15. The shielding shell 17 is semi-circular, with one end fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer shell 140 and the other end pressing against the outer wall of the baffle 15.

[0025] The shielding shell 17 is semi-circular in shape to accommodate the movement trajectory of the baffle 15 rotating around the hinge point. Since the baffle 15 will swing in an arc around the pivot rod 162 when it is adjusted, the semi-circular shielding shell 17 is used to cover the dynamic gap between the baffle 15 and the outer shell 140, so that no matter what tilt angle the baffle 15 is at, the shielding shell 17 will block the light leakage channel caused by the movement of the baffle 15. One end of the shield 17 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer shell 140, while the other end presses against the outer wall of the baffle 15, thus flexibly limiting the rotation direction of the baffle 15 and guiding the baffle 15 to tilt only along the preset trajectory inside the groove of the enclosure 141, thereby preventing the baffle 15 from tilting or shifting excessively due to the force of the drive component 16 or equipment vibration.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figure 10 As shown, the top-view camera 12 and the side-view camera 13 are integrated to form an image acquisition unit. An analysis module is provided inside the image acquisition unit. The analysis module is electrically connected to the laser diameter sensor 11 and the motor 163, and together they form a control system.

[0027] The top-view camera 12 and the side-view camera 13 are integrated to form an image acquisition unit, realizing centralized acquisition, synchronous transmission and unified management of imaging data from the two cameras. Compared with the distributed layout, the integrated design can eliminate the delay difference and synchronization deviation of data transmission between cameras, ensuring that the top view image (used for plane size and surface defect detection) and the side view image (used for thickness size and side defect detection) are delivered to the analysis module at the same time. Among them, the analysis module, as the core computing unit of the entire control system, has three core functions: data reception, logic analysis, and instruction generation. It establishes a stable electrical connection with the laser diameter sensor 11 and the motor 163 through a dedicated circuit interface, forming a complete signal interaction link, which together constitutes a closed-loop control system. In the actual testing process, when the rubber part is conveyed to the testing area by the vibratory feeder, the laser diameter sensor 11 collects its diameter data in real time and transmits it to the analysis module in the form of digital signal. Through the light-blocking angle mapping algorithm, the received data is quickly calculated to generate an initial tilt angle command of the baffle 15 that is precisely matched with the current size of the rubber part. This command is transmitted to the motor 163 after digital-to-analog conversion. The motor 163 drives the baffle 15 to move through the drive component 16, so as to achieve targeted initial blocking of the light-emitting area of ​​the ring lamp 120 or the parallel backlight lamp 130, blocking the cross stray light path that does not match the size of the workpiece. Among them, the shading angle mapping algorithm is a commonly used parameter action mapping algorithm in the field of industrial control. Its existing technical principles and calculation process will not be elaborated in this embodiment. After the inspection indexing plate 1 transfers the rubber part to the inspection station, the ring light 120 and the parallel backlight 130 are started synchronously, and the top-view camera 12 and the side-view camera 13 simultaneously acquire images and transmit them to the analysis module. The analysis module uses the built-in image quality evaluation algorithm to extract key parameters such as edge grayscale contrast and overall average grayscale value of the image to determine the exposure status (overexposure, underexposure or normal). The image quality assessment algorithm is based on the objective image quality assessment method commonly used in the fields of machine vision and industrial inspection. Its existing technical principles and analysis process will not be elaborated in this embodiment. If the system determines that the image is overexposed (indicating insufficient stray light blocking), the analysis module generates a fine-tuning instruction to tilt the baffle 15 inward. If the system determines that the image is underexposed (indicating that the blocking range is too large), it generates a fine-tuning instruction to tilt the baffle 15 outward. The instruction is amplified and transmitted to the motor 163. The motor 163 drives the rotating rod 162 to rotate precisely, causing the baffle 15 to smoothly adjust its angle along the sliding component until the image exposure meets the standard.

[0028] Example 2 This embodiment, based on the content provided in Embodiment 1, aims to provide a detection method for a rubber parts quality inspection device. The specific steps are as follows: S1. Start the vibratory feeder to organize the disordered rubber parts into an orderly single row through vibration, and then smoothly transport them to the bearing position of the indexing plate 1 through the conveying channel. Simultaneously adjust the two lifting devices so that the center of the field of view of the top-view camera 12 is vertically aligned with the top-view inspection position on the indexing plate, and the center of the field of view of the side-view camera 13 is horizontally aligned with the side-view inspection position, ensuring that the imaging range covers the complete outline of the rubber parts; S2. When the rubber part moves along the conveyor channel to the detection area below the laser diameter sensor 11, the sensor measures its outer diameter in real time in a non-contact manner; this diameter data is converted into a digital signal as a key specification parameter and transmitted to the analysis module inside the image acquisition unit. S3. After receiving the diameter data, the analysis module calls the shading angle mapping algorithm to calculate the initial target angle of the baffle 15 that matches the size of the rubber part; then, it generates control commands and drives the motor 163 of the corresponding drive component 16 to operate. Motor 163 drives support block 160 through rotating rod 162, causing baffle 15 to rotate around hinge point. At the same time, the sliding parts on both sides slide smoothly along the inner wall of groove of enclosure 141 until baffle 15 reaches the preset initial tilt angle; according to the workpiece size, the stray light path that may cause interference is physically blocked in advance. S4. The indexing plate 1 rotates intermittently according to the set rhythm to accurately transfer the rubber part to the top and side inspection stations. At this time, the ring light 120 and the parallel backlight 130 are triggered to turn on, and the top camera 12 and the side camera 13 take pictures synchronously. The top view image of the rubber part is acquired by the top view camera 12 (for planar dimensions and upper surface defect analysis), and the side view image is acquired by the side view camera 13 (for thickness dimensions and side defect analysis). The two images are transmitted to the analysis module simultaneously. S5. The analysis module performs real-time quality evaluation on the received top and side view images. By extracting the grayscale contrast of the rubber part's edge area (reflecting edge sharpness) and the overall average grayscale value of the image (reflecting the overall brightness level), it assesses the exposure status to avoid overexposure or underexposure. Sufficient edge contrast (typically >60) is a prerequisite for accurate boundary extraction by dimensional measurement algorithms. Overexposure will cause edge whitening and merging, resulting in decreased contrast. At the same time, for 8-bit deep industrial camera images, an average gray value exceeding 180 (the upper part of the 0-255 range) usually means that the sensor is close to or has reached saturation, resulting in loss of detail. Therefore, if the edge gray-scale contrast is <60 or the average gray value is >180, it is considered overexposure. In industrial visual inspection, edge contrast typically needs to be maintained within the range of 60-100 to ensure clear and extractable boundaries. When the edge contrast exceeds 100, it is often not a natural imaging result, and the repeatability error of the boundary extraction algorithm increases significantly (usually exceeding ±0.5 pixels), which is considered abnormally high contrast. For industrial camera images with 8-bit depth (0-255), an average gray value between 120-180 usually indicates proper exposure and complete detail retention. Therefore, if the edge gray-scale contrast is >100 or the average gray value is <120, it is judged as underexposed. When all the above parameters are within a reasonable threshold range (for example, contrast between 60 and 100, and average gray level between 120 and 180), the exposure status is considered to meet the detection requirements. S6. Based on the geometric dimensions of the light shield 14 and the divergence angle of the light source, the design can effectively attenuate the intensity of stray light directed towards the opposite workstation by slightly increasing the shielding range, and can also avoid insufficient lighting at this workstation due to excessive adjustment. If overexposure is detected, the analysis module controls motor 163 to drive baffle 15 to tilt inward by 0.5° to 1°; If it is determined to be underexposed, the baffle 15 is tilted outward by 0.5° to 1° to reduce the occlusion range, allow more effective light to illuminate the workpiece, and improve the overall brightness of the image; S7. After completing the angle fine-tuning, the system returns to step S4, re-triggers the light source and camera to acquire images, and performs exposure judgment again until both the top view and side view images are judged to be in a normal exposure state, ensuring that the image quality entering the final detection stage is optimal.

[0029] S8. The image analysis module processes the normally exposed image, and measures the key dimensions of the rubber part, such as the inner diameter, outer diameter, and thickness, through edge extraction and template matching algorithms. It identifies defects such as surface scratches, burrs, and side flash, and compares them with the preset qualified threshold to determine whether the rubber part is qualified or unqualified.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rubber parts quality inspection device, comprising a vibratory feeder, wherein the conveying end of the vibratory feeder is provided with a detection indexing plate (1), and a support and two lifting devices are sequentially arranged on the outer periphery of the detection indexing plate (1), characterized in that: A laser diameter measuring sensor (11) is installed on the bracket. The laser diameter measuring sensor (11) is suspended above the vibratory feeder and is used to measure the diameter of the passing rubber parts. The two lifting devices are respectively driven and connected to a top-view camera (12) and a side-view camera (13). A ring light (120) is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the lens of the top-view camera (12). A support rod is fixedly connected to the lifting device corresponding to the side-view camera (13). A parallel backlight (130) is installed at the end of the support rod. The light output direction of the parallel backlight (130) is towards the imaging optical axis of the side-view camera (13). The ring light (120) and the parallel backlight (130) are both provided with light shields (14). Each light shield (14) has a groove on its side wall facing the light source of another work station. A baffle (15) is movably arranged in the groove. A driving component (16) is connected between the baffle (15) and the light shield (14). Sliding components (18) are fixedly connected to both sides of the baffle (15). The sliding components (18) slide in cooperation with the inner wall of the light shield (14). The drive assembly (16) adjusts its rotation angle according to the detection data of the laser diameter sensor (11), drives the baffle (15) to move inside the light shield, and adjusts the local occlusion range of the baffle (15) on the light-emitting area of ​​the corresponding light source.

2. The rubber parts quality inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the light shield (14) and the baffle (15) are made of black matte PC board material, which is used to absorb and scatter stray light and suppress cross light path interference between the ring light (120) and the parallel backlight (130).

3. The rubber parts quality inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light shield (14) includes an outer shell (140) and a surrounding plate (141). The outer shell (140) has a conical structure, and its top is a circumferential surface adapted to the shape of the light source. It is fitted around the ring light (120) and the parallel backlight (130). The bottom of the outer shell (140) is a square bottom design connected to the surrounding plate (141). The surrounding plate (141) has a U-shaped structure and extends perpendicular to the bottom surface of the outer shell (140). The U-shaped opening of the surrounding plate (141) is a groove end, and the baffle (15) is located inside the groove.

4. The rubber parts quality inspection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly (16) includes a support block (160), a protrusion (161), a rotating rod (162), and a motor (163). The support block (160) is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle (15), the protrusion (161) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell (140), the support block (160) and the protrusion (161) are hinged through the rotating rod (162), and the output shaft of the motor (163) is connected to the rotating rod (162) for driving the rotating rod (162) and the support block (160) to rotate synchronously.

5. The rubber parts quality inspection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding component (18) includes a stop bar (180) and a plurality of balls (181); the stop bar (180) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the baffle (15) and accommodated in the groove of the surrounding plate (141). The stop bar (180) has a receiving cavity, and the plurality of balls (181) are rolled and embedded in the receiving cavity, and part of them protrude from the surface of the stop bar (180) and roll in contact with the inner wall of the groove.

6. The rubber part quality inspection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blocking strip (180) is made of silicone. One of the top corners of the strip near the enclosure (141) is a planar structure, and the other top corner is a sloping structure. The sloping structure forms a gap with the inner wall of the enclosure (141).

7. The rubber part quality inspection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the outer tangent of the ball (181) extending out of the plug (180) and the oblique tangent of the outer shell (140) is set as a, and the distance between the outer tangent of the ball (181) and the oblique tangent of the outer shell (140) is set as b, where a < radius of the ball (181) < b.

8. The rubber parts quality inspection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the outer shell (140) is provided with a shielding shell (17) near the baffle (15). The shielding shell (17) is semi-circular, with one end fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer shell (140) and the other end pressing against the outer wall of the baffle (15).

9. The rubber part quality inspection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top-view camera (12) and the side-view camera (13) are integrated to form an image acquisition unit. An analysis module is provided inside the image acquisition unit. The analysis module is electrically connected to the laser diameter sensor (11) and the motor (163) respectively, and together they form a control system.

10. A testing method for operating a rubber part quality testing device comprising any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The methods and steps include the following: S1. Start the vibratory feeder to sort the disordered rubber parts into an orderly arrangement through vibration and convey them to the detection indexing plate (1) through the conveying channel; at the same time, adjust the two lifting devices so that the top view camera (12) and the side view camera (13) are respectively aligned with the top view detection position and the side view detection position of the detection indexing plate (1); S2. When the rubber part moves in the conveying channel, the laser diameter sensor (11) suspended above it measures its diameter and transmits the collected diameter data to the image analysis module in real time. S3. The image analysis module generates an initial adjustment command based on the diameter data measured in S2, and controls the motor (163) of the drive component (16) to run. The motor (163) drives the baffle (15) to rotate around the hinge point through the rotating rod (162). At the same time, the baffle (15) slides along the inner wall of the enclosure (141) through the sliding component (18) until it is adjusted to the initial tilt angle that matches the current size of the rubber part, thus initially blocking stray light from the cross side. S4. The indexing plate (1) rotates intermittently to transfer the rubber part to the top and side inspection positions. The ring light (120) and parallel backlight (130) are turned on. The top camera (12) takes a top view image of the rubber part to detect the plane size and surface defects. The side camera (13) takes a side view image of the rubber part to detect the thickness size and side defects. The image data is then transmitted to the image analysis module. S5. The image analysis module extracts the edge grayscale contrast and overall average grayscale value of the top-view and side-view images to determine the exposure status. If the edge grayscale contrast is <60 or the average grayscale value is >180, it is considered overexposed. If the edge grayscale contrast is greater than 100 or the average grayscale value is less than 120, it is judged as underexposed. If the above parameters are within the threshold range, it is determined to be normal exposure; If it is determined to be overexposed, the image analysis module controls the motor (163) to drive the baffle (15) to tilt inward by 0.5-1°, increasing the occlusion range of the light source on the cross side; If it is determined to be underexposed, the control baffle (15) is tilted outward by 0.5-1° to reduce the shading range; After correction, return to S4 to reacquire the image until the exposure is normal. S6. The image analysis module processes normally exposed images and measures key dimensions such as the inner diameter, outer diameter, and thickness of rubber parts through edge extraction and template matching algorithms. It identifies defects such as surface scratches, burrs, and side flashes, and compares them with preset qualified thresholds to determine whether the rubber parts are qualified or unqualified.

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