Automatic solid homogeneous sample section measuring system based on machine vision

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid homogeneous sample section automatic measuring system based on machine vision, which comprises a sample fixing seat, an optical unit and a data processing device, the sample fixing seat is used for fixing a solid homogeneous sample to be measured, the optical unit and the solid homogeneous sample can rotate relatively, and the data processing device is used for processing the solid homogeneous sample to be measured. The optical unit is used for measuring the cross section of the solid homogeneous sample and sending cross section measurement data, and the data processing equipment is used for receiving the cross section measurement data from the optical unit and calculating the cross section area of the solid homogeneous sample based on the cross section measurement data. And the minimum sectional area of the solid homogeneous sample is automatically screened out. According to the solid homogeneous sample section automatic measurement system based on machine vision, automatic measurement of data of the section of the solid homogeneous sample is achieved, and it is guaranteed that the measurement process is automatic, efficient and accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of object measurement technology, and more specifically to an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of solid homogeneous samples. Background Technology

[0002] Dumbbell specimens are commonly used in materials mechanical property testing, especially in tensile tests. A dumbbell specimen typically has a central parallel section and two gradually widening shoulders, resembling a dumbbell in shape, hence the name. In tensile testing, the central section of the dumbbell specimen is stretched until it breaks, allowing for the measurement of the material's tensile strength, elongation, and other performance indicators.

[0003] When conducting tensile tests on materials, the center portion of the dumbbell specimen is the most critical part. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the cross-sectional area at the center of the dumbbell specimen, which is the product of the dumbbell specimen's width and the minimum thickness to be measured. Currently, thickness gauges and corresponding marking instruments are mainly used to measure dumbbell specimens. If the test specimen is curved, inaccurate data obtained from the thickness gauge and inconsistent specimen width data may occur, leading to inaccurate measurements of the dumbbell specimen's cross-sectional area. Furthermore, measuring specimens using thickness gauges and corresponding standard measuring instruments has low automation. Each dumbbell specimen requires manual measurement of its width and thickness, which must be entered into the computer, making it time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient, compromising accuracy.

[0004] Currently, there is a data gap between the sample data collection and the testing machine for dumbbell test pieces. After the sample data for dumbbell test pieces is collected manually, it still needs to be manually or semi-automatically input into the testing machine to complete the test. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of solid homogeneous samples based on machine vision, thereby solving or at least alleviating one or more of the above-mentioned problems and other problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objective, a first aspect of the present invention provides an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision, wherein the automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample includes: A sample holder, used to hold a solid homogeneous sample to be tested; An optical unit, wherein the optical unit and the solid homogeneous sample are rotatable relative to each other, the optical unit being used to measure the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample and transmit the cross-section measurement data; and A data processing device is configured to receive the cross-sectional measurement data from the optical unit, calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the solid homogeneous sample based on the cross-sectional measurement data, and automatically select the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the solid homogeneous sample.

[0007] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for solid homogeneous sample cross-sections described above, optionally, the automatic measurement system for solid homogeneous sample cross-sections includes a circular track, the circular track includes a guide rail and a slide, the slide includes two pairs of rollers, each pair of rollers is disposed on both sides of the guide rail, the motion trajectory of the center of each roller on both sides of the guide rail is the same as the center of the guide rail, the optical unit is fixed to the slide, the sample holder is placed at the center of the circular track, the optical unit moves along the circular track and rotates around the sample holder to scan the solid homogeneous sample.

[0008] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the sample holder includes two fixing modules, each of which includes a base and a clamping device. The two fixing modules are spaced apart along the axial direction of the circular track, and the two fixing modules respectively fix the two ends of the solid homogeneous sample. The optical unit is able to measure the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample throughout the entire circumference.

[0009] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the sample holder is rotatable about its central axis, and the optical unit is fixed and faces the sample holder for scanning the solid homogeneous sample on the sample holder.

[0010] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the sample holder includes two rotatable modules. Each rotatable module includes a base, a clamping device, and a rotating shaft. The two rotatable modules are coaxially spaced apart, and each rotatable module fixes both ends of the solid homogeneous sample. The rotating shafts of the two rotatable modules can rotate synchronously to control the synchronous rotation of the two rotatable modules and the solid homogeneous sample they fix.

[0011] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the optical unit includes a laser rangefinder, which includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a focusing lens. The transmitter emits laser light toward the surface of the solid homogeneous sample, and the receiver receives the laser light reflected from the surface of the solid homogeneous sample and focused by the focusing lens. By rotating the laser rangefinder relative to the sample holder, the laser rangefinder measures different positions of the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample. The data processing device converts the data measured by the laser rangefinder into geometric shapes.

[0012] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the sample holder can move back and forth, and through the back and forth movement of the sample holder, the optical unit measures the cross-section at multiple locations of the solid homogeneous sample.

[0013] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the optical unit includes a 3D scanner. The 3D scanner obtains the 3D coordinate data of the surface of the solid homogeneous sample by rotating relative to the sample holder. The data processing device forms a 3D cloud map of the solid homogeneous sample using the 3D coordinate data, performs 3D structural modeling of the solid homogeneous sample, and automatically identifies the minimum cross-sectional size of the solid homogeneous sample.

[0014] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the optical unit includes an industrial camera that continuously takes pictures of the solid homogeneous sample. The data processing device processes the pictures, calculates a three-dimensional model of the solid homogeneous sample using an algorithm, and obtains the minimum cross-sectional size of the solid homogeneous sample based on the three-dimensional model.

[0015] In the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described above, optionally, the solid homogeneous sample is a dumbbell specimen for a material tensile test, and the optical unit is used to scan the effective area of ​​the dumbbell specimen.

[0016] This invention provides an automated measurement system for the cross-section of solid homogeneous samples based on machine vision, enabling automated measurement of solid homogeneous sample data and ensuring the measurement process is automated, efficient, and accurate. Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The disclosure of this invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a plan view of an embodiment of an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision according to the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A side view of an embodiment of a machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of solid homogeneous samples; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision according to the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-Sample holder; 2-Solid homogeneous sample; 3-Optical unit; 4-Annular track; 5-Fixing module; 6-Base; 7-Clamping device; 8-Rotating module; 9-Shaft; 10-Guide rail; 11-Roller; 12-Slide. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Referring to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, the structure, composition, features, and advantages of the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for solid homogeneous sample cross-sections of the present invention will be described below by way of example. However, all descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way.

[0020] Furthermore, for any single technical feature described or implied in the embodiments mentioned herein, or any single technical feature shown or implied in the accompanying drawings, the present invention still allows for any combination or deletion of these technical features (or their equivalents) without any technical obstacle, and thus these further embodiments according to the present invention should also be considered within the scope of this description.

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set" and "fix" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a plan view of an embodiment of an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision according to the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the solid homogeneous sample 2 can be a dumbbell-shaped specimen used for tensile testing of materials. A dumbbell-shaped specimen is used as an example in this description; in other embodiments, the machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of solid homogeneous samples of the present invention is also adapted to the measurement of the cross-sectional area of ​​various other forms of solid homogeneous specimens. It should be understood that the cross-sectional area of ​​each specimen is the product of the specimen width and the minimum thickness to be measured.

[0025] As shown in the figure, the automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision of the present invention may include an optical unit 3 and a data processing device (not shown). The optical unit 3 and the solid homogeneous sample 2 are capable of relative rotation. The optical unit 3 is used to measure the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample 2 and send the cross-section measurement data. The data processing device is used to receive the cross-section measurement data from the optical unit 3, calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the solid homogeneous sample 2 based on the cross-sectional measurement data, and automatically select the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the solid homogeneous sample 2.

[0026] exist Figure 1 In one embodiment, the automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample further includes a sample holder 1 for fixing the solid homogeneous sample 2 to be measured. Figure 1 As shown, the sample holder 1 is clamped by the clamping device 7 (see... Figure 2 Clamp the solid homogeneous sample 2.

[0027] according to Figure 1 For example, optical unit 3 can rotate around sample holder 1 to scan solid homogeneous sample 2. Combined with... Figure 4 It can be seen that the relative rotational relationship between the optical unit 3 and the solid homogeneous sample 2 can also include the sample holder 1 being able to rotate around its central axis, with the optical unit 3 fixed and facing the sample holder 1, for scanning the solid homogeneous sample 2 fixed on the sample holder 1. The type of relative rotational relationship between the optical unit 3 and the solid homogeneous sample 2 is not limited. Any relative rotational relationship other than that shown in the embodiment falls within the protection scope of this invention, as long as the optical unit 3 can scan the solid homogeneous sample 2 in a full circumference.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample may include a circular track 4. The circular track 4 includes a guide rail 10 and a slide 12. The slide 12 includes two pairs of rollers 11, each pair of rollers 11 being disposed on both sides of the guide rail 10. The movement trajectory of the center of each roller 11 on both sides of the guide rail 10 is the same as the center of the guide rail 11. The structure of the circular track 4 is not limited. Except for the embodiment shown, any other closed loop track falls within the protection scope of this invention. The optical unit 3 is fixed to the slide 12, and the sample holder 1 can be placed at the center of the circular track 4. The optical unit 3, fixed to the slide 12, can move along the circular track 4 by the rolling of the rollers 11, rotating and scanning the solid homogeneous sample 2 around the sample holder 1.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision according to the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the sample holder 1 includes two fixing modules 5, each fixing module 5 including a base 6 and a clamping device 7. The clamping device 7 is fixed to the base 6 and is used to clamp the solid homogeneous sample 2. In an optional embodiment, the two fixing modules 5 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the annular track 4, and the two fixing modules 5 respectively fix the two ends of the solid homogeneous sample 2 by the clamping device 7, so that the optical unit 3 can measure the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample 2 throughout the entire circumference. Figure 4 The sample holder 1 may further include a rotatable module 8, which secures both ends of the solid homogeneous sample 2 and allows the solid homogeneous sample 2 to rotate synchronously via rotation. In other embodiments, the type of sample holder 1 is not limited, and other devices for securing the solid homogeneous sample 2 fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A side view of an embodiment of a machine vision-based automatic measurement system for the cross-section of solid homogeneous samples.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the sample holder 1 fixes the solid homogeneous sample 2, and the optical unit 3 is aligned with the position to be measured on the solid homogeneous sample 2. While the optical unit 3 moves along the circular track 4, it rotates around the sample holder 1 to scan the solid homogeneous sample 2.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision according to the present invention.

[0034] according to Figure 4In one embodiment, the sample holder 1 can rotate about its central axis, and the optical unit 3 is fixed and faces the sample holder 1 for scanning the solid homogeneous sample 2 on the sample holder 1. Figure 4 In one embodiment, the rotatable module 8 includes a base 6, a clamping device 7, and a rotating shaft 9. The clamping device 7 is disposed on the base 6, and the rotating shaft 9 is disposed on the side wall of the base, located on the central axis of the base. Two rotatable modules 8 are coaxially spaced apart, and the two rotatable modules 8 respectively fix the two ends of the solid homogeneous sample 2. The rotating shafts 9 of the two rotatable modules 8 can rotate synchronously to control the synchronous rotation of the two rotatable modules 8 and the solid homogeneous sample 2 they fix. In an optional embodiment, the type of structure of the rotatable module 8 is not limited, and any other structure capable of rotating around the central axis falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0035] Additionally, according to the present invention, in an optional embodiment, the optical unit 3 may include a laser rangefinder. Specifically, the laser rangefinder may include a transmitter, a receiver, and a focusing lens. The transmitter emits laser light toward the surface of the solid homogeneous sample 2, and the receiver receives the laser light reflected from the surface of the solid homogeneous sample 2 and focused by the focusing lens. By rotating the laser rangefinder relative to the sample holder 1, the laser rangefinder measures different positions of the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample 2, and the data processing device converts the data measured by the laser rangefinder into geometric shapes. Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 and / or Figure 3 In one embodiment, the laser rangefinder can only measure one cross section of the solid homogeneous sample 2 in one rotation. Optionally, the sample holder 1 can move back and forth. By moving the sample holder 1 back and forth, the optical unit 3 can measure the cross sections at multiple locations of the solid homogeneous sample 2.

[0036] Additionally, according to the present invention, in an optional embodiment, the optical unit 3 may include a three-dimensional scanner. The three-dimensional scanner obtains three-dimensional coordinate data of the surface of the solid homogeneous sample 2 by rotating relative to the sample holder 1. The data processing device forms a three-dimensional cloud map of the solid homogeneous sample 2 using the three-dimensional coordinate data, performs three-dimensional structural modeling of the solid homogeneous sample 2, and automatically identifies the minimum cross-sectional size of the solid homogeneous sample 2. Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 and / or Figure 3 In one embodiment, the 3D scanner can measure the cross-sections at multiple locations of the solid homogeneous sample 2 in one revolution on the circular track 4.

[0037] Additionally, according to the present invention, in an optional embodiment, the optical unit 3 may include an industrial camera that continuously captures images of the solid homogeneous sample 2. The captured images are processed by a data processing device, and an algorithm is used to calculate a three-dimensional model of the solid homogeneous sample 2. Based on the three-dimensional model, the minimum cross-sectional dimension of the solid homogeneous sample 2 is obtained. Combined with... Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 and / or Figure 3 In one embodiment, the industrial camera can measure the cross-sections at multiple locations of the solid homogeneous sample 2 by moving once on the circular track 4.

[0038] It should be understood that the type of optical unit 3 is not limited to the examples described above. Any optical instrument that uses the relative rotation of the optical unit 3 with the solid homogeneous sample 2 to measure the cross-sectional area of ​​the solid homogeneous sample 2 falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0039] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and substitutions without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample based on machine vision, characterized in that, The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of solid homogeneous samples includes: Sample holder (1), the sample holder (1) is used to fix the solid homogeneous sample (2) to be tested; An optical unit (3) and the solid homogeneous sample (2) are rotatable relative to each other. The optical unit (3) is used to measure the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample (2) and transmit cross-section measurement data. A data processing device is used to receive the cross-sectional measurement data from the optical unit (3), calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the solid homogeneous sample (2) based on the cross-sectional measurement data, and automatically select the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the solid homogeneous sample (2).

2. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample includes a ring track (4), which includes a guide rail (10) and a slide (12). The slide (12) includes two pairs of rollers (11), each pair of rollers (11) being disposed on both sides of the guide rail (10). The movement trajectory of the center of each roller (11) on both sides of the guide rail (10) is the same as the center of the guide rail (11). The optical unit (3) is fixed to the slide (12), and the sample holder (1) is placed at the center of the ring track (4). The optical unit (3) moves along the ring track (4) and rotates around the sample holder (1) to scan the solid homogeneous sample (2).

3. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sample holder (1) includes two fixing modules (5), each fixing module (5) includes a base (6) and a clamping device (7). The two fixing modules (5) are spaced apart in the axial direction of the annular track (4). The two fixing modules (5) fix the two ends of the solid homogeneous sample (2) respectively. The optical unit (3) can measure the cross section of the solid homogeneous sample (2) on the whole circumference.

4. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sample holder (1) is rotatable about its central axis, and the optical unit (3) is fixed and faces the sample holder (1) for scanning the solid homogeneous sample (2) on the sample holder (1).

5. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The sample holder (1) includes two rotatable modules (8). Each rotatable module (8) includes a base (6), a clamping device (7), and a rotating shaft (9). The two rotatable modules (8) are coaxially spaced apart. The two rotatable modules (8) fix the two ends of the solid homogeneous sample (2) respectively. The rotating shaft (9) of the two rotatable modules (8) can rotate synchronously to control the synchronous rotation of the two rotatable modules (8) and the solid homogeneous sample (2) they fix.

6. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical unit (3) includes a laser rangefinder, which includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a focusing lens. The transmitter emits laser light toward the surface of the solid homogeneous sample (2), and the receiver receives the laser light reflected from the surface of the solid homogeneous sample (2) and focused by the focusing lens. The laser rangefinder rotates relative to the sample holder (1) to measure different positions of the cross section of the solid homogeneous sample (2). The data processing device converts the data measured by the laser rangefinder into geometric shapes.

7. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sample holder (1) can move back and forth. Through the back and forth movement of the sample holder (1), the optical unit (3) measures the cross-section of the solid homogeneous sample (2) at multiple locations.

8. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical unit (3) includes a three-dimensional scanner. The three-dimensional scanner obtains three-dimensional coordinate data of the surface of the solid homogeneous sample (2) by rotating relative to the sample holder (1). The data processing device forms a three-dimensional cloud map of the solid homogeneous sample (2) through the three-dimensional coordinate data, performs three-dimensional structural modeling of the solid homogeneous sample (2), and automatically identifies the minimum cross-sectional size of the solid homogeneous sample (2).

9. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical unit (3) includes an industrial camera, which continuously takes pictures of the solid homogeneous sample (2). The data processing device processes the pictures and calculates a three-dimensional model of the solid homogeneous sample (2) using an algorithm. Based on the three-dimensional model, the minimum cross-sectional size of the solid homogeneous sample (2) is obtained.

10. The automatic measurement system for the cross-section of a solid homogeneous sample as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The solid homogeneous sample (2) is a dumbbell-shaped specimen for material tensile testing, and the optical unit (3) is used to scan the effective area of ​​the dumbbell-shaped specimen.

Images