Horizontal orientation device for ground stress test probe and use method of horizontal orientation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal orientation device for a ground stress test probe and a use method of the horizontal orientation device, the horizontal orientation device comprises a ground stress probe installation guide rod, a gravity type pendulum bob installation box and a feed-in rod, one end of the gravity type pendulum bob installation box is connected with the ground stress probe installation guide rod, and the other end of the gravity type pendulum bob installation box is connected with the feed-in rod; and the other end of the gravity type pendulum bob mounting box is connected with the feeding rod. The gravity direction is taken as a physical reference, so that no accumulative error exists; through mechanical design visual alignment, the manual operation error is small, the comprehensive orientation precision can be within + / -0.5 degrees, and the high-precision ground stress test requirement is met. The device has a full-mechanical design structure, does not have an electronic sensor, is completely not influenced by severe environments such as an underground strong magnetic field, high humidity and radio frequency interference, and is suitable for various extreme engineering environments. The gyroscope is low in cost, is a conventional mechanical device in structure, is far lower than a high-precision gyroscope in manufacturing cost, and is convenient for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground engineering exploration technology, and in particular relates to a horizontal orientation device for a geostress testing probe and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The magnitude and direction of in-situ stress are core parameters for evaluating the stability of underground engineering projects, providing early warning of geological disasters, and guiding resource extraction. The borehole deformation method is an important method for measuring in-situ stress. It measures the deformation of the borehole diameter using strain gauges at different angles within the probe, and then calculates the magnitude and direction of the in-situ stress. The borehole deformation method requires precise knowledge of the initial azimuth angles of each strain gauge within the probe.

[0003] For vertical boreholes, the instrument naturally orients itself due to its own weight, typically using a direction-oriented scheme based on geographic north (such as gyroscopes or electronic compasses). However, in engineering projects such as tunnels, slopes, and mine roadways, there are numerous horizontal or slightly inclined boreholes where the probe easily rotates freely around the borehole axis, making the determination of the strain gauge's initial azimuth angle a technical bottleneck. Existing solutions have significant shortcomings: 1. High-precision north-finding gyroscopes are extremely expensive and sensitive to vibration and electromagnetic environments, making them unsuitable for complex engineering sites; 2. Electronic compasses are easily interfered with and malfunction near drill pipes or in strata containing ferromagnetic minerals; 3. Traditional mechanical guide rods are only suitable for vertical holes and cannot transmit directional references in horizontal holes; 4. Methods such as estimating cable torsion angle have huge errors and cannot meet the accuracy requirements of rock mass measurement.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a probe orientation device that is cost-effective, accurate, has strong anti-interference capabilities, and is specifically designed for horizontal drilling or small-angle drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe and a method for using it.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] The present invention provides a horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe, comprising a ground stress probe mounting guide rod, a gravity pendulum mounting box, and a feed rod. One end of the gravity pendulum mounting box is connected to the ground stress probe mounting guide rod, and the other end of the gravity pendulum mounting box is connected to the feed rod.

[0008] Preferably, the gravity pendulum mounting box is provided with a dial and a central shaft, the gravity pendulum mounting box is provided with a dial angle observation port, the central shaft is connected to the dial, a mounting box base is provided at one end of the gravity pendulum mounting box, one end of the central shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the gravity pendulum mounting box, the other end of the central shaft is rotatably connected through the mounting box base, and the mounting box base is connected to the feed rod.

[0009] Preferably, the dial has scale lines distributed along its circumference and a counterweight is provided on the dial.

[0010] Preferably, a shaft disk is provided on the central shaft, and an elastic element is sleeved on the central shaft. One end of the elastic element contacts the shaft disk, and the other end of the elastic element contacts the inner wall of the gravity pendulum mounting box.

[0011] Preferably, grooves are provided on both sides of the mounting box base.

[0012] Preferably, the gravity pendulum mounting box is provided with a first guide rod fixing groove, and the ground stress probe mounting guide rod extends into the first guide rod fixing groove and connects to the gravity pendulum mounting box.

[0013] Preferably, the feed rod is provided with a mounting groove, and one end of the gravity pendulum mounting box extends into the mounting groove for sliding connection.

[0014] Preferably, locking slots are provided on both sides of the mounting groove, and a tail locking pin is provided in the locking slot.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the geostress probe mounting guide rod is provided with a probe mounting pin groove, the geostress probe mounting guide rod is provided with a cable wire hole, and the geostress probe mounting guide rod is provided with a second guide rod fixing groove.

[0016] A method of using a horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe includes the following steps: S1: Place a horizontal orientation device on a stable ground outside the horizontal borehole opening to make the gravity pendulum mounting box horizontal. Connect an extension rod at the feed rod connection end, then hold the ground stress probe mounting guide rod and push the extension rod connected at the feed rod connection end to apply force. The bottom surface of the mounting groove pushes the central shaft to move, causing the shaft plate to push the elastic element axially towards the horizontal borehole. The dial is no longer clamped by the shaft plate and the mounting box base. The dial rotates around the central shaft under the action of gravity until it stops rotating under the action of the counterweight. The center of gravity of the dial points to the center of the earth. When the angle between the center line of the dial angle observation port and the dial is 90°, stop applying force to the extension rod connected at the feed rod connection end. Under the action of the elastic element's recovery elongation, the dial is clamped by the shaft plate and the mounting box base and cannot rotate. At this time, the vertical reference plane is determined. S2: Connect the directional device and the geostress probe to the probe mounting pin groove, so that the strain gauge marking line on the geostress probe, the center of the probe mounting pin groove and the center of the dial angle observation port are collinear, and move the horizontal orientation device to send the directional device and the geostress probe into the predetermined position in the horizontal borehole. S3: Apply force to the extended rod connected to the feed rod connection end, causing the bottom surface of the mounting groove to push the central shaft, causing the shaft disc to push the elastic element axially towards the horizontal borehole. The dial is no longer clamped by the shaft disc and the mounting box base, and the dial rotates under the action of the counterweight. After the dial stops rotating, stop applying force to the extended rod connected to the feed rod connection end. Under the action of the elastic element's recovery elongation, the dial cannot rotate due to the clamping of the shaft disc and the mounting box base. Pull the extended rod connected to the feed rod connection end out of the horizontal borehole to disengage the ground stress probe from the probe mounting pin groove, until the horizontal orientation device is removed from the horizontal borehole. S4: At this time, the dial angle value aligned with the center line of the dial angle observation port is the initial azimuth angle of the strain gauge corresponding to the mark line of the ground stress probe strain gauge. This initial azimuth angle of the strain gauge is used as the reference point for the azimuth angles of other strain gauges to carry out the ground stress relief test.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention relates to an orientation device for providing precise orientation of a borehole deformation method geostress measurement probe in horizontal or shallow-angle boreholes. Using gravity as the physical reference, it eliminates cumulative errors; through mechanical design and visual alignment, it minimizes human error, achieving a comprehensive orientation accuracy within ±0.5°, thus meeting the requirements for high-precision geostress testing.

[0018] This invention features a fully mechanical design structure with no electronic sensors, making it completely unaffected by harsh environments such as strong underground magnetic fields, high humidity, and radio frequency interference, and suitable for various extreme engineering environments.

[0019] This invention is inexpensive, with a structure based on conventional mechanical components. Its manufacturing cost is far lower than that of high-precision gyroscopes, making it easy to promote and apply on a large scale.

[0020] The operation process of this invention is simple and intuitive, which significantly reduces the technical experience requirements for operators and improves work efficiency and the repeatability of results.

[0021] This invention is specifically designed to solve the problem of horizontal borehole orientation. It is highly targeted and perfectly fills the technological gap in the current field of horizontal borehole stress measurement for low-cost, high-precision orientation equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall main view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the installation guide rod of the ground stress probe of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the guide rod for installing the geostress probe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central axis of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic element of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the scale of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding rod of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Ground stress probe mounting guide rod, 11-Probe mounting pin groove, 12-Cable wire hole, 13-Second guide rod fixing groove, 2-Gravity pendulum mounting box, 21-First guide rod fixing groove, 22-Central shaft, 221-Shaft disc, 23-Elastic element, 24-Scale dial, 241-Scale line, 242-Counterweight, 25-Mounting box base, 26-Groove, 3-Dial angle observation port, 4-Feeding rod, 41-Tail pin, 42-Pin groove, 43-Feeding rod connecting end, 44-Mounting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0024] Example: like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe includes a ground stress probe mounting guide rod 1, a gravity pendulum mounting box 2, and a feed rod 4. One end of the gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is connected to the ground stress probe mounting guide rod 1, and the other end of the gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is connected to the feed rod 4.

[0025] The gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is equipped with a dial 24 and a central shaft 22. The gravity pendulum mounting box 2, the central shaft 22, and the feed rod 4 are coaxially arranged. The gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is equipped with a dial angle observation port 3 for observing the angle value of the dial 24. The central shaft 22 is connected to the dial 24. One end of the gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is equipped with a mounting box base 25. One end of the central shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the gravity pendulum mounting box 2, and the other end of the central shaft 22 is rotatably connected through the mounting box base 25. The mounting box base 25 is connected to the feed rod 4.

[0026] The dial 24 is a rotating circular dial with graduation lines 241 distributed along its circumference. A counterweight 242 is mounted on the dial 24 to facilitate rotation about the central axis 22. When the gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is placed horizontally, under the action of the counterweight 242, the center line of the dial angle observation port 3 is aligned with the dial 24 at an angle of 90°.

[0027] A shaft disk 221 is provided on the central shaft 22, and an elastic element 23 is sleeved on the central shaft 22. The elastic element 23 is a spring. One end of the elastic element 23 is in contact with the shaft disk 221, and the other end of the elastic element 23 is in contact with the inner wall of the gravity pendulum mounting box 2.

[0028] The mounting box base 25 has grooves 26 on both sides.

[0029] The gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is provided with a first guide rod fixing groove 21, and the ground stress probe mounting guide rod 1 extends into the first guide rod fixing groove 21 and connects to the gravity pendulum mounting box 2.

[0030] The feed rod 4 is provided with a mounting groove 44, and one end of the mounting box base 25 of the gravity pendulum mounting box 2 extends into the mounting groove 44 for sliding connection.

[0031] The mounting groove 44 is provided with locking grooves 42 on both sides, and a tail locking pin 41 is provided in the locking groove 42. The tail locking pin 41 can extend into the groove 26 to limit the distance range between the bottom of the mounting box base 25 and the bottom of the mounting groove 44.

[0032] The geostress probe mounting guide rod 1 has a probe mounting pin groove 11 at one end and a cable wire hole 12 on it. The cable for connecting the external data acquisition system passes through the geostress probe mounting guide rod 1. The geostress probe mounting guide rod 1 has a second guide rod fixing groove 13 and a through hole corresponding to the position of the second guide rod fixing groove 13 on the first guide rod fixing groove 21. After the geostress probe mounting guide rod 1 is installed on the gravity pendulum mounting box 2, the geostress probe mounting guide rod 1 is connected and secured to the gravity pendulum mounting box 2 by using a pin to pass through the through hole on the first guide rod fixing groove 21 and the second guide rod fixing groove 13 in sequence.

[0033] A method of using a horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe includes the following steps: S1: Place a horizontal orientation device on stable ground 1-2 meters outside the borehole opening to ensure the gravity pendulum mounting box 2 is horizontal. Since the depth of the horizontal borehole test for ground stress should exceed the stress disturbance zone in the rock mass, an extension rod needs to be connected at the feed rod connection end 43. Then, hold the ground stress probe installation guide rod 1 and push the extension rod connected at the feed rod connection end 43 to apply appropriate force. The bottom surface of the mounting groove 44 pushes the central shaft 22 to move, causing the shaft disc 221 to push the elastic element 23 axially towards the horizontal borehole. The scale 24 is no longer affected by the shaft disc 221 and the mounting box base 2. With the clamping of 5, the dial 24 rotates around the central axis 22 under the action of gravity until the dial 24 stops rotating under the action of the counterweight 242. The center of gravity of the dial 24 points to the center of the earth. The right side is the starting point. The dial 24 is set with counterclockwise angle scales evenly from 0 to 360°. When the center line of the dial angle observation port 3 is aligned with the dial 24 at an angle of 90°, stop applying force to the extension rod connected to the feed rod connection end 43. Under the action of the elastic element 23 restoring its elongation, the dial 24 is clamped by the shaft plate 221 and the mounting box base 25 and cannot rotate. At this time, the vertical reference plane is determined. S2: Connect the directional device and the geostress probe to the probe mounting pin groove 11, so that the strain gauge marking line on the geostress probe, the center of the probe mounting pin groove 11 and the center of the dial angle observation port 3 are collinear, and move the horizontal orientation device to send the directional device and the geostress probe into the predetermined position in the horizontal borehole. S3: Apply appropriate force to the extended rod connected at the feed rod connection end 43, so that the bottom surface of the mounting groove 44 pushes the central shaft 22, causing the shaft disk 221 to push the elastic element 23 axially towards the horizontal borehole. The scale disk 24 is no longer clamped by the shaft disk 221 and the mounting box base 25. The scale disk 24 rotates under the action of the counterweight 242. After the scale disk 24 stops rotating, stop applying force to the extended rod connected at the feed rod connection end 43. Under the action of the elastic element 23 restoring its elongation, the scale disk 24 is clamped by the shaft disk 221 and the mounting box base 25 and cannot rotate. Pull out the extended rod connected at the connection end 43 from the horizontal borehole so that the ground stress probe is disengaged from the probe mounting pin groove 11 until the horizontal orientation device is taken out of the horizontal borehole. If there is insufficient operating space during this process, the extended rod connected at the feed rod connection end 43 needs to be removed during the pulling process. S4: At this time, the angle value of the scale 24 aligned with the center line of the dial angle observation port 3 is the initial azimuth angle of the strain gauge corresponding to the mark line of the ground stress probe strain gauge. This initial azimuth angle of the strain gauge is used as the reference point for the azimuth angle of other strain gauges to carry out the ground stress relief test. All measurement data are calculated based on this azimuth reference.

Claims

1. A horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe, characterized in that: It includes a ground stress probe mounting guide rod (1), a gravity pendulum mounting box (2) and a feeding rod (4). One end of the gravity pendulum mounting box (2) is connected to the ground stress probe mounting guide rod (1), and the other end of the gravity pendulum mounting box (2) is connected to the feeding rod (4).

2. The horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gravity pendulum mounting box (2) is equipped with a dial (24) and a central shaft (22). The gravity pendulum mounting box (2) is equipped with a dial angle observation port (3). The central shaft (22) is connected to the dial (24). The gravity pendulum mounting box (2) is equipped with a mounting box base (25) at one end. One end of the central shaft (22) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the gravity pendulum mounting box (2). The other end of the central shaft (22) is rotatably connected through the mounting box base (25). The mounting box base (25) is connected to the feed rod (4).

3. The horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The scale lines (241) are distributed along the circumference of the scale (24), and the counterweight (242) is provided on the scale (24).

4. A horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A shaft disk (221) is provided on the central shaft (22), and an elastic element (23) is sleeved on the central shaft (22). One end of the elastic element (23) is in contact with the shaft disk (221), and the other end of the elastic element (23) is in contact with the inner wall of the gravity pendulum mounting box (2).

5. A horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Grooves (26) are provided on both sides of the mounting box base (25).

6. A horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gravity pendulum mounting box (2) is provided with a first guide rod fixing groove (21), and the ground stress probe mounting guide rod (1) extends into the first guide rod fixing groove (21) and connects to the gravity pendulum mounting box (2).

7. A horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feed rod (4) is provided with an installation groove (44), and one end of the gravity pendulum mounting box (2) extends into the installation groove (44) for sliding connection.

8. A horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting groove (44) is provided with locking grooves (42) on both sides, and a tail locking pin (41) is provided in the locking groove (42).

9. A horizontal orientation device for a ground stress testing probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The geostress probe mounting guide rod (1) has a probe mounting pin groove (11) at one end, a cable wire hole (12) on the geostress probe mounting guide rod (1), and a second guide rod fixing groove (13) on the geostress probe mounting guide rod (1).

10. A method of using a horizontal orientation device for a geostress testing probe as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Place a horizontal orientation device on a stable ground outside the borehole of the horizontal drill, so that the gravity pendulum mounting box (2) reaches a horizontal state. Connect an extension rod at the feed rod connection end (43), then hold the ground stress probe mounting guide rod (1) and push the extension rod connected at the feed rod connection end (43) to apply force. The bottom surface of the mounting groove (44) pushes the central shaft (22) to move, so that the shaft plate (221) pushes the elastic element (23) axially towards the horizontal drill hole. The scale plate (24) is no longer affected by the shaft plate (221) and the mounting box base (2). 5) clamping, the dial (24) rotates around the central axis (22) under the action of gravity until the dial (24) stops rotating under the action of the counterweight (242), the center of gravity of the dial (24) points to the center of the earth, observe the angle of the center line of the dial angle observation port (3) aligned with the dial (24) at an angle of 90°, stop applying force to the feed rod (4), under the action of the elastic element (23) to restore elongation, the dial (24) is clamped by the shaft plate (221) and the mounting box base (25) and cannot rotate, at this time the vertical reference plane is determined; S2: Connect the directional device and the geostress probe to the probe mounting pin groove (11), so that the strain gauge marking line on the geostress probe, the center of the probe mounting pin groove (11) and the center of the dial angle observation port (3) are collinear, and move the horizontal directional device to send the directional device and the geostress probe into the predetermined position in the horizontal borehole. S3: Apply force to the extended rod connected at the feed rod connection end (43) so that the bottom surface of the mounting groove (44) pushes the central shaft (22), causing the shaft disc (221) to push the elastic element (23) axially towards the horizontal borehole. The scale disc (24) is no longer clamped by the shaft disc (221) and the mounting box base (25), and the scale disc (24) rotates under the action of the counterweight (242). After the scale disc (24) stops rotating, stop applying force to the extended rod connected at the feed rod connection end (43). Under the action of the elastic element (23) restoring its elongation, the scale disc (24) cannot rotate due to the clamping of the shaft disc (221) and the mounting box base (25). Pull out the extended rod connected at the connection end (43) to disengage the ground stress probe from the probe mounting pin groove (11) until the horizontal orientation device is removed from the horizontal borehole. S4: At this time, the angle value of the dial (24) aligned with the center line of the dial angle observation port (3) is the initial azimuth angle of the strain gauge corresponding to the ground stress probe strain gauge marking line. This initial azimuth angle of the strain gauge is used as the reference point for the azimuth angle of other strain gauges to carry out the ground stress relief test.

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