Online impeller dynamic balance control system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an online impeller dynamic balance control system which comprises an online dynamic balance measuring unit used for obtaining the initial unbalance amount and the phase angle of an impeller in real time; the data processing and control unit is used for calculating theoretical compensation mass according to the initial unbalance amount and converting the theoretical compensation mass into target compression height variation delta H based on a pre-stored compression height-weight variation relational database; the dynamic balance correction execution unit comprises a rigid supporting frame and a plurality of groups of electric cylinder-pressure head systems which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction; and the servo electric cylinder is configured to receive an instruction of the data processing and control unit and drive the forming pressure head to vertically compress a target balance block, so that the target balance block generates permanent plastic deformation, and the height is reduced by delta H, so that the equivalent weight of the target balance block is accurately adjusted through volume reduction and a mass center migration effect, and dynamic balance correction is realized. According to the system, the problems of secondary clamping errors, low efficiency and the like existing in a traditional dynamic balance correction mode are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of precision machinery manufacturing and automated measurement and control technology, specifically relating to an online impeller dynamic balancing system and method based on highly precise control of balance blocks, which is particularly suitable for high-precision online dynamic balancing correction of engineering plastic injection molded impellers on automated production lines. Background Technology

[0002] Impellers are core components of fluid machinery such as fans, pumps, and compressors, and their dynamic balance performance directly determines the vibration, noise, operational stability, and reliability of the entire machine. With the increasing demands for noise and vibration (NVH) and energy efficiency in fields such as home appliances, automobiles, data center cooling, and aerospace, the requirements for the dynamic balance accuracy of impellers are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream process for dynamic balancing of injection-molded impellers made of engineering plastics (such as PBT, PPS, PA66+GF, etc.) is still the "offline, post-processing, passive" mode. That is, after the impeller is injection molded, it is transferred to a separate dynamic balancing machine for measurement, and then the operator performs the balancing by attaching counterweights or drilling holes to remove the weights based on the measurement results.

[0004] The method of attaching counterweights suffers from problems such as easy detachment of the additives and poor consistency; the method of drilling to remove weights cuts the reinforcing fibers, weakens the structural strength, and generates polluting debris. In addition, the inherent secondary clamping error of offline calibration fundamentally limits the improvement of final accuracy, while also disrupting the automated production process and creating a capacity bottleneck.

[0005] Although online dynamic balancing technology has been proposed, its correction and execution process mostly follows the approach of "removing materials" such as cutting or laser ablation, and still faces problems such as debris contamination, structural weakening, expensive equipment, or complex control.

[0006] Therefore, the industry urgently needs an innovative online dynamic balancing solution that can be seamlessly integrated into automated production lines, has a clean and pollution-free correction process, does not damage the structural strength of the impeller body, and can achieve ultra-high precision. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, embodiments of this application provide an online impeller dynamic balancing control system to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] This application provides an online impeller dynamic balancing control system, comprising: an online dynamic balancing measurement unit for real-time acquisition of the magnitude and phase angle of the initial imbalance of the impeller; a data processing and control unit, communicatively connected to the online dynamic balancing measurement unit, for calculating the theoretical compensation mass based on the initial imbalance, and converting the theoretical compensation mass into a target compression height change ΔH based on a pre-stored compression height-weight change relationship database; and a dynamic balancing correction execution unit, communicatively connected to the data processing and control unit, the dynamic balancing correction execution unit comprising a rigid support frame and a circumferentially symmetrical... The impeller employs a multi-group electric cylinder-pressure head system, each group comprising a servo electric cylinder and a forming pressure head mounted at the end of its piston rod. Multiple integrally injection-molded balance blocks are evenly distributed circumferentially on the impeller hub. The initial height of each balance block is designed to include material allowance for compression correction. The servo electric cylinder is configured to receive instructions from the data processing and control unit, driving the forming pressure head to vertically compress the target balance block, causing permanent plastic deformation and a height reduction ΔH. This allows for precise adjustment of its equivalent weight through volume reduction and center of mass migration effects, achieving dynamic balance correction. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system executes an online impeller dynamic balancing control method, which includes: S1: mounting and clamping the impeller at the measurement station; S2: driving the impeller to rotate, and acquiring the magnitude and phase angle of the initial imbalance through the online dynamic balancing measurement unit; S3: the data processing and control unit determines whether the magnitude of the initial imbalance exceeds the allowable imbalance. If it does, it calculates the target correction phase angle and the theoretical compensation mass, and queries the compression height-weight change relationship database to convert the theoretical compensation mass into the target compression height. The change amount ΔH is calculated, and the balance block closest to the target correction phase angle is selected as the target balance block; S4: The dynamic balance correction execution unit receives the instruction and drives the servo electric cylinder and the forming pressure head corresponding to the target balance block to complete the compression of the target balance block according to the predetermined parameters, so that its height is reduced by ΔH; S5: The impeller after correction is retested, and the product is judged to be qualified based on the measured residual imbalance amount; S6: The data of the whole process is recorded, and the successful case data of the second correction is fed back to the compression height-weight change amount relationship database to dynamically fine-tune and optimize the model.

[0009] In one implementation, the data processing and control unit (400) is an industrial computer, comprising: a dynamic balancing calculation module for calculating the theoretical compensation mass and the target correction phase angle; a compression height-weight change relationship database and management module for storing and querying the mapping relationship between the compression height and weight change of balance blocks of specific materials and geometries; and a motion planning and instruction generation module for generating motion control instructions for a specific servo electric cylinder based on the target compression height change.

[0010] In one implementation, the system further includes a precision measurement and feedback unit, used to re-measure the impeller after it has been processed by the dynamic balance correction execution unit, and to feed back the measured residual imbalance data to the data processing and control unit to form a closed-loop control; the data processing and control unit determines the product qualification or initiates a secondary correction based on the feedback data, and uses the feedback data to perform self-optimization updates on the compression height-weight change relationship database.

[0011] In one implementation, the working end face shape of the forming pressure head matches the top surface shape of the balance block. The working end face shape of the forming pressure head is a plane or a slightly convex curved surface, and its material is a high-strength hard alloy with an ultra-fine polished surface.

[0012] In one implementation, the area of ​​the forming head is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the balance block.

[0013] In one implementation, the number of servo electric cylinders is the same as the number of balance blocks, and the axis of the servo electric cylinder is perpendicular to the compression surface of the corresponding balance block.

[0014] In one implementation, the deformation operation modes of the dynamic balancing correction execution unit for the balancing block include: single-point dominant correction mode, two-point collaborative correction mode, and multi-point fine-tuning correction mode.

[0015] On the other hand, this application also provides an online impeller dynamic balancing control method, which is executed by the above-mentioned system. The method includes the following steps: S1: The impeller is mounted online and positioned and clamped at the measurement station; S2: The impeller is driven to rotate, and the magnitude and phase angle of its initial imbalance are collected by the online dynamic balancing measurement unit; S3: The data processing and control unit determines whether the magnitude of the initial imbalance exceeds the allowable imbalance. If it does, the target correction phase angle and theoretical compensation mass are calculated, and the compression height-weight change relationship database is queried. The theoretical compensation mass is converted into the target compression amount ΔH, and the balance block closest to the target correction phase angle is selected as the target balance block; S4: The dynamic balancing correction execution unit receives the instruction and drives the servo electric cylinder and forming head corresponding to the target balance block to complete the compression of the target balance block according to the predetermined parameters, so that its height is reduced by ΔH; S5: The impeller after correction is re-measured, and the product is judged to be qualified based on the measured residual imbalance; S6: The data of the whole process is recorded, and the successful case data of the second correction is fed back to the compression height-weight change relationship database to dynamically fine-tune and optimize the model. In one implementation, in step S3, when the theoretical compensation mass exceeds the maximum safe correction capability of a single balance block, a two-point or multi-point collaborative correction mode is adopted, that is, the target correction vector is decomposed onto two or more adjacent balance blocks, the compensation mass of each block is calculated and converted into the corresponding compression amount, and the compression action is executed collaboratively by the corresponding multiple servo electric cylinders.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit the disclosure of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the impeller is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A block diagram of the online dynamic balancing measurement unit is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 A block diagram of the data processing and control unit is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the dynamic balance correction execution unit is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 The diagram shows the dynamic balance correction execution unit before, during, and after compression.

[0023] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the online impeller dynamic balancing control method is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] In the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the words "example" or "for example" are used to indicate exemplification, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "example" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application is not to be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than another embodiment or design. The use of the words "example" or "for example" is intended to present relative concepts in a clear manner.

[0029] In addition, "multiple" in the embodiments of this application refers to two or more. Therefore, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two" in the embodiments of this application. "At least one" can be understood as one or more, such as one, two or more. For example, including at least one means including one, two or more and is not limited to which ones are included. For example, including at least one of A, B and C, then it can be A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C.

[0030] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. In addition, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0031] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "connection" can be understood as electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect connection between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components.

[0032] This application provides an online impeller dynamic balancing control system, which includes an impeller, a dynamic balancing correction execution unit, an online dynamic balancing measurement unit, and a data processing and control unit. The online dynamic balancing measurement unit is used to acquire the magnitude and phase angle of the initial imbalance of the impeller in real time. The data processing and control unit is communicatively connected to the online dynamic balancing measurement unit and is used to calculate the theoretical compensation mass Δm based on the initial imbalance, and convert the theoretical compensation mass Δm into a target compression height change ΔH based on a pre-stored compression height-weight change relationship database (H-Δm model). The dynamic balancing correction execution unit is communicatively connected to the data processing and control unit, and includes a rigid support frame and multiple circumferentially distributed electric cylinder-pressure head systems. Each electric cylinder-pressure head system includes a servo electric cylinder and a forming pressure head mounted at the end of its piston rod. The impeller hub has multiple integrally injection-molded balance blocks circumferentially distributed, and the initial height H0 of the balance blocks is designed to include material allowance for compression correction. The servo electric cylinder is configured to receive instructions from the data processing and control unit and drive the forming pressure head to vertically compress the target balance block, causing it to undergo permanent plastic deformation and reduce its height by ΔH. This allows for precise adjustment of its equivalent weight through volume reduction and center of mass migration effects, thereby achieving dynamic balance correction.

[0033] This application discloses an online impeller dynamic balancing control system. Through circumferentially distributed high-precision servo electric cylinders in the dynamic balancing correction execution unit, each cylinder drives a forming pressure head. Based on instructions from the data processing and control unit, these cylinders precisely compress the integrally formed balance block on the impeller hub in the vertical direction. By accurately controlling the compression height ΔH of the balance block, its equivalent mass Δm is directly and linearly adjusted, thereby achieving chip-free, non-destructive, and high-precision online correction of the impeller dynamic balance. This solves the problems of secondary clamping errors, low efficiency, environmental pollution, and structural damage inherent in traditional dynamic balancing correction methods.

[0034] The online impeller dynamic balancing control system of this application will be described in detail below.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the impeller 100 includes a hub 101 and six integrally injection-molded cylindrical balance blocks 102 evenly distributed along the circumference of its upper end face. The initial design parameters of the balance blocks 102 are a diameter D = 8 mm and an initial height H0 = 4.0 mm, wherein the initial height includes a design compression margin of approximately 1.5 mm.

[0036] The online dynamic balancing measurement unit 300 adopts an integrated dynamic balancing measurement station. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the online dynamic balancing measurement unit 300 includes a servo motor-driven spindle 301, two ICP-type piezoelectric accelerometers 302, and a 1024-line incremental encoder 303. The two ICP-type piezoelectric accelerometers 302 are mounted on the support at a 90° angle for measuring vibration; the 1024-line incremental encoder, directly connected to the spindle, provides accurate speed and phase reference.

[0037] The core of the data processing and control unit 400 is an industrial computer, equipped with a high-speed data acquisition card and a multi-axis motion control card. For example... Figure 3 As shown, its software system includes a built-in data acquisition and processing module 401, a dynamic balance calculation module 402, a compression height-weight change (H-Δm) relational database and management module 403, a motion planning and instruction generation module 404, and a human-computer interaction and data management module 405. The H-Δm relational database and management module 403 stores the H-Δm data for the balance block. This data was obtained through a full-factor experimental design calibration on 50 samples in the early stage. For example, a typical data point might be: compression ΔH = 0.2mm, corresponding to an average weight reduction Δm = 0.08g.

[0038] The data processing and control unit 400 is an industrial computer, and its internal software system includes a dynamic balancing calculation module 402, a compression height-weight change relationship database and management module 403, and a motion planning and command generation module 404. The balancing calculation module 402 is used to calculate the theoretical compensation mass Δm and the target correction phase angle; the compression height-weight change relationship database and management module 403 is used to store and query the mapping relationship between the compression height ΔH and the weight change Δm of a balancing block of a specific material and geometry. The motion planning and command generation module 404 is used to generate motion control commands for a specific servo electric cylinder 202 based on the target compression height change ΔH.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the dynamic balancing correction execution unit 200 includes a support frame 201, servo electric cylinders 202, and a forming pressure head 203. The support frame 201 is constructed from profiles and thick aluminum plates, providing a stable structure. Six servo electric cylinders 202 with a repeatability accuracy of ±1μm are selected and installed at 60° intervals, with their axes perpendicular and aligned with the center of each balance block. For the 8mm diameter cylindrical balance block, the forming pressure head 203 is designed as a 10mm diameter circular flat pressure head, made of high-speed steel, with a titanium-plated and polished surface. Figure 5As shown, the balance block 102 is compressed by the servo electric cylinder and the forming head 203. The forming head 203 is a flat or slightly convex curved surface, and the shape of the working end face of the forming head 203 matches the shape of the top surface of the balance block 102.

[0040] The dynamic balancing correction execution unit 200 has the following deformation operation modes for the balancing block: single-point dominant correction mode, two-point collaborative correction mode, and multi-point fine-tuning correction mode.

[0041] The online impeller dynamic balancing control system also includes a precision measurement and feedback unit 500, which is used to re-measure the impeller after it has been processed by the dynamic balancing correction execution unit 200, and feed back the measured residual imbalance data to the data processing and control unit 400 to form a closed-loop control. The data processing and control unit 400 judges the product qualification or initiates a secondary correction based on the feedback data, and uses the feedback data to perform self-optimization updates on the compression height-weight change relationship database.

[0042] This application also provides an online impeller dynamic balancing control method, which is executed by the above-mentioned online impeller dynamic balancing control system, and the method includes the following steps: S1: Place the impeller on the line and clamp it in the measurement station.

[0043] For example, the impeller 100 is automatically gripped and clamped by a precision servo spindle, which is part of the online dynamic balancing measurement unit 300.

[0044] S2: Drive the impeller to rotate and collect the magnitude and phase angle of its initial imbalance through the online dynamic balancing measurement unit (300).

[0045] For example, the servo spindle of the online dynamic balancing measurement unit 300 rapidly accelerates the impeller to an operating speed of 3000 RPM. At this time, a vibration sensor mounted on the base begins to capture the minute vibrations generated by the impeller's rotation. Simultaneously, a laser tachometer precisely locks onto a reference mark on the impeller, providing a phase reference. The data processing and control unit 400 instantly calculates the result: this impeller has an imbalance of 2.5 g·mm, with its overweight direction located at a 75-degree phase angle.

[0046] S3: The data processing and control unit determines whether the magnitude of the initial imbalance exceeds the allowable imbalance. If it does, it calculates the target correction phase angle and the theoretical compensation mass, queries the compression height-weight change relationship database, converts the theoretical compensation mass into the target compression amount ΔH, and selects the balance block closest to the target correction phase angle as the target balance block.

[0047] In step S3, when the required theoretical compensation mass (Δm_theoretical) exceeds the maximum safe correction capability of a single balance block 102, a two-point or multi-point collaborative correction mode is adopted, that is, the target correction vector is decomposed onto two or more adjacent balance blocks. The data processing and control unit 400 calculates the compensation mass of each block and converts it into the corresponding compression amount, and the corresponding multiple servo electric cylinders 202 collaboratively execute the compression action.

[0048] For example, 2.5 g·mm exceeds our set acceptable standard of 1.0 g·mm and must be corrected. Based on the overweight direction being 75 degrees, the calculation shows that the mass should be reduced at the opposite position, i.e., 75° + 180° = 255°, to achieve balance. Assuming the radius of the impeller correction position is 20 mm, then the required mass reduction Δm = imbalance / radius = 2.5 / 20 = 0.125 grams. The control unit immediately queries its core "compression height - weight change" database. This database is like a "medical manual," recording how many micrometers of compression, for this PBT material and a 6 mm diameter cylindrical counterweight, would reduce the mass by how many milligrams. To reduce the mass by 0.125 grams, the counterweight near the 255-degree position needs to be precisely compressed by 0.28 mm (280 micrometers). Simultaneously, the system, based on the material properties, sets the electric cylinder to compress at a speed of 3 mm / s and holds the pressure for 0.3 seconds after compression to allow material stress relaxation and ensure deformation stability.

[0049] S4: The dynamic balance correction execution unit receives the instruction and drives the servo electric cylinder and forming pressure head (203) corresponding to the target balance block to compress the target balance block according to the predetermined parameters, so that its height is reduced by ΔH.

[0050] In step S4, the compression process of the servo electric cylinder 202 includes rapid approach, force contact detection switching, precise displacement control, pressure holding and reset stages.

[0051] For example, the impeller is transferred to the dynamic balancing correction unit. This unit, like a precision robotic arm, has six high-precision servo cylinders, each aligned with a balancing block. The number of servo cylinders matches the number of balancing blocks, and the axes of the servo cylinders are perpendicular to the compression surface of the corresponding balancing block. The system identifies the 5th balancing block as being closest to a 255-degree phase, located at 5 * 60° = 300°, but through specific initial angle calibration of the impeller clamp, it can be made to best match 255°. The 5th servo cylinder is activated; its top-mounted carbide flat forming pressure head quickly approaches and then gently contacts the top of the balancing block. Once contact force is detected, it immediately switches to high-precision mode, like a surgeon steadily advancing a 0.28 mm scalpel. Under pressure, the cylindrical balancing block, originally 4.0 mm high, undergoes controlled plastic deformation. Its height becomes 3.72 mm. During this process, the volume is directly reduced, the plastic is compacted, and a portion of the material's volume is "squeezed out," directly removing approximately 0.125 grams of mass. Simultaneously, radial migration of the center of mass occurs, and the material of the balance block, after being compressed, slightly "bulges" outwards, causing a very small radial movement of its center of mass. The torque effect generated by this movement further helps to balance the initial unbalanced force couple. The area of ​​the forming indenter is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the balance block.

[0052] S5: Retest the corrected impeller and determine whether the product is qualified based on the measured residual imbalance.

[0053] For example, the corrected impeller is sent to the precision measurement and feedback unit 500 for retesting. The new imbalance is 0.4 g·mm, far below the standard of 1.0 g·mm, and is therefore deemed a qualified product, released for the packaging process.

[0054] S6: Record all data throughout the process and feed back successful case data of secondary corrections to the compression height-weight change relationship database to dynamically fine-tune and optimize the model.

[0055] The compression height-weight change relationship database is established through the following steps: In a temperature and humidity controlled environment, experiments with different compression heights (ΔH) are conducted on balance block samples of specific materials and geometries using precision instruments, and the corresponding weight change (Δm) is measured immediately. Through a large number of repeated experiments and data fitting, a nonlinear mapping relationship model with confidence intervals is established.

[0056] For example, the system records this operation: target weight reduction of 0.125g -> compression of 0.28mm -> actual residual weight of 0.4g·mm (equivalent to approximately 0.02g of unbalanced mass). The data shows that this correction was slightly "overdone." The system's self-learning algorithm will subtly adjust the weighted data points in the database around the "0.28mm compression" value. The next time a similar situation occurs, it might fine-tune the instruction to 0.275mm. In this way, the system continuously accumulates experience in production, becoming increasingly "intelligent" and precise.

[0057] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following outstanding advantages: First, it is the first to systematically propose and directly and accurately control the mass adjustment amount through a single, intuitive, and easily controllable geometric quantity—"adjusting the height of the balance block"—avoiding the control uncertainties caused by complex physical field coupling. Second, relying on the nanometer-level resolution displacement control capability and precisely calibrated model of modern high-precision servo electric cylinders, it can easily achieve an equivalent mass adjustment accuracy of less than 0.01 grams. Third, the entire process is absolutely clean and pollution-free; compression deformation makes the material denser and does not introduce stress concentration sources, preserving the impeller structure strength, while also achieving extremely high execution efficiency, matching the pace of high-speed production. Fourth, it possesses a high degree of intelligence and adaptability, supports multiple correction modes, and can continuously optimize the core model through closed-loop feedback. Fifth, it promotes the deep integration of technology and design, requiring consideration of online dynamic balance correction during the product design stage, ensuring the manufacturability and high quality of the product from the source.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application has disclosed preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. An online impeller dynamic balancing control system, characterized in that, include: An online dynamic balancing measurement unit is used to acquire the magnitude and phase angle of the initial imbalance of the impeller in real time. The data processing and control unit is communicatively connected to the online dynamic balancing measurement unit. It is used to calculate the theoretical compensation mass based on the initial imbalance and convert the theoretical compensation mass into the target compression height change ΔH based on the pre-stored compression height-weight change relationship database. The dynamic balance correction execution unit is communicatively connected to the data processing and control unit. The dynamic balance correction execution unit includes a rigid support frame and multiple sets of electric cylinder-pressure head systems evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Each set of electric cylinder-pressure head systems includes a servo electric cylinder and a forming pressure head installed at the end of its piston rod. The impeller hub has multiple integrally injection-molded balance blocks evenly distributed around its circumference. The initial height of the balance blocks is designed to include material allowance for compression correction. The servo electric cylinder is configured to receive instructions from the data processing and control unit and drive the forming pressure head to vertically compress the target balance block, causing it to undergo permanent plastic deformation and reduce its height by ΔH. This allows for precise adjustment of its equivalent weight through volume reduction and center of mass migration effects, thereby achieving dynamic balance correction. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system executes an online impeller dynamic balancing control method, which includes: S1: Place the impeller on the line and clamp it in the measuring station; S2: Drive the impeller to rotate, and collect the magnitude and phase angle of its initial imbalance through the online dynamic balancing measurement unit; S3: The data processing and control unit determines whether the magnitude of the initial imbalance exceeds the allowable imbalance. If it does, it calculates the target correction phase angle and the theoretical compensation mass, queries the compression height-weight change relationship database, converts the theoretical compensation mass into the target compression height change ΔH, and selects the balance block closest to the target correction phase angle as the target balance block. S4: The dynamic balance correction execution unit receives the instruction and drives the servo electric cylinder and the forming pressure head corresponding to the target balance block to compress the target balance block according to the predetermined parameters, so that its height is reduced by ΔH; S5: Retest the corrected impeller and determine whether the product is qualified based on the measured residual imbalance. S6: Record all process data and feed back successful case data of secondary correction to the compression height-weight change relationship database to dynamically fine-tune and optimize the model.

2. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing and control unit (400) is an industrial computer, which includes: The dynamic balancing solution module is used to calculate the theoretical compensation mass and the target correction phase angle; The compression height-weight change relationship database and management module is used to store and query the mapping relationship between the compression height and weight change of a balance block of a specific material and geometry; The motion planning and command generation module is used to generate motion control commands for a specific servo electric cylinder based on the change in the target compression height.

3. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a precision measurement and feedback unit, which is used to re-measure the impeller after it has been processed by the dynamic balance correction execution unit, and feed back the measured residual imbalance data to the data processing and control unit to form a closed-loop control; the data processing and control unit judges the product qualification or initiates a secondary correction based on the feedback data, and uses the feedback data to perform self-optimization updates on the compression height-weight change relationship database.

4. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working end face shape of the forming pressure head matches the top surface shape of the balance block. The working end face shape of the forming pressure head is a plane or a slightly convex curved surface. Its material is high-strength hard alloy, and its surface is treated with ultra-fine polishing.

5. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The area of ​​the forming pressure head is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the balance block.

6. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of servo electric cylinders is the same as the number of balance blocks, and the axis of the servo electric cylinder is perpendicular to the compression surface of the corresponding balance block.

7. The online impeller dynamic balancing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic balancing correction execution unit operates on the deformation modes of the balancing block in the following ways: single-point dominant correction mode, two-point collaborative correction mode, and multi-point fine-tuning correction mode.

8. An online impeller dynamic balancing control method, executed by the system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Place the impeller on the line and clamp it in the measurement station; S2: Drives the impeller to rotate, and collects the magnitude and phase angle of its initial imbalance through the online dynamic balancing measurement unit; S3: The data processing and control unit determines whether the magnitude of the initial imbalance exceeds the allowable imbalance. If it does, it calculates the target correction phase angle and the theoretical compensation mass, queries the compression height-weight change relationship database, converts the theoretical compensation mass into the target compression amount ΔH, and selects the balance block closest to the target correction phase angle as the target balance block. S4: The dynamic balance correction execution unit receives the instruction and drives the servo electric cylinder and forming pressure head corresponding to the target balance block to compress the target balance block according to the predetermined parameters, so that its height is reduced by ΔH. S5: Retest the corrected impeller and determine whether the product is qualified based on the measured residual imbalance. S6: Record all process data and feed back successful case data of secondary correction to the compression height-weight change relationship database to dynamically fine-tune and optimize the model.

9. The online impeller dynamic balancing control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, when the theoretical compensation mass exceeds the maximum safe correction capability of a single balance block, a two-point or multi-point collaborative correction mode is adopted, that is, the target correction vector is decomposed into two or more adjacent balance blocks, the compensation mass of each block is calculated and converted into the corresponding compression amount, and the compression action is executed collaboratively by the corresponding multiple servo electric cylinders.

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