Soil water potential distribution detection device and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a soil water potential distribution detection device and a detection method thereof. The lap joint cover is of a linear structure and is uniformly arranged on the lower side of the frame body; the bottom of the insertion ring is of an annular structure and is fixedly connected with a plurality of insertion pieces, a plurality of detection groups are linearly arranged on the outer walls of the insertion pieces at equal intervals in the vertical direction, and each detection group comprises two detection pieces; and the resistance detector is arranged in each detection circuit and is used for detecting the resistivity R of the soil between the middle parts of the two detection sheets. According to the soil water potential detection device, through the arrangement of the multiple insertion rings and the multiple insertion pieces arranged on the lower sides of the insertion rings, data acquisition of the soil resistivity can be achieved, the soil resistivity is used for reflecting the water content of a detection area, soil water potential distribution is determined in combination with the position relation of the insertion rings, and the detection process is simple and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil testing technology, specifically to a soil water potential distribution testing device and its testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Soil moisture content, also known as soil water content, is an important physical parameter of soil. Soil water acts as a link between surface water and groundwater, playing a crucial role in the formation, transformation, and consumption of water resources. Soil moisture status is significant for rainfall runoff, evapotranspiration, and changes in the ecosystem. Measuring soil moisture content allows us to understand the effective distribution of soil water potential, which is of great importance for subsequent land planning.

[0003] Existing soil moisture content testing equipment typically uses a single tube to sample soil at a fixed location and then performs the test. This process is repeated multiple times within a certain area to obtain accurate data on soil moisture content. The testing process is cumbersome and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a soil water potential distribution detection device and its detection method. This effectively solves the problem that existing soil moisture content detection equipment typically uses a single pipe to sample soil at a fixed location and then performs the test. This process requires repeated sampling and analysis of soil in a certain area to obtain accurate data on soil moisture content, resulting in a cumbersome and inefficient detection process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a soil water potential distribution detection device, including a frame, a movable frame movably connected to the frame, the movable frame being used to limit the driving direction of an external drive shaft, and supports movably connected to both sides of the frame for supporting the frame. The overlapping covers are arranged in a linear structure and are evenly distributed on the lower side of the frame. They are fixed to the frame by multiple connecting covers that are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frame. And a plug ring, located directly below the overlap cover. The plug ring is elastically connected to the connecting cover by two symmetrically arranged energized springs. The bottom of the plug ring has a ring structure with multiple plug pieces fixedly connected. On the outer wall of the plug pieces, multiple detection groups are arranged linearly and equally in the vertical direction. Each detection group includes two detection pieces, and the two detection pieces on the same detection group are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the same power supply, forming a detection circuit. And a resistance detector is installed in each detection circuit to detect the resistivity R of the soil between the middle of the two detection plates; the overlap cover and the plug ring are kept relatively fixed in the vertical direction, and the overlap cover and the plug ring are kept rotatably connected in the horizontal direction.

[0006] Furthermore, a through slot is provided in the middle of the frame, and the lower outer wall of the drive shaft movably connected to the moving frame contacts the top surface of the overlapping cover; and the drive shaft is either a cylinder output shaft or a hydraulic cylinder output shaft; when the drive shaft drives the frame vertically from top to bottom, it will drive the overlapping cover to move downward, thereby causing the insertion piece to be inserted into the soil.

[0007] Furthermore, the support frame is rotatably connected to the frame body via a pivot; a telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame; and when the frame body is fixed, multiple overlapping covers located on the lower side of the frame body are arranged in a north-south or east-west direction.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a rotating structure disposed between the overlap cover and the insertion ring to realize the rotation of the overlap cover and the insertion ring; including a limiting block fixedly installed on the insertion ring, a connecting rod fixedly installed on the limiting block, the connecting rod having a semi-circular structure; and a sliding groove opened inside the lower end of the overlap cover, the limiting block being slidably connected in the sliding groove, and a limiting groove opened on one side of the sliding groove, the connecting rod being slidably connected in the limiting groove; when gas is injected into one end of the limiting groove, the connecting rod located in the limiting groove will drive the insertion ring to rotate relative to the overlap cover under the action of gas pressure.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a drive unit for injecting gas into the limiting groove; the drive unit includes an overlapping ring fixedly installed on the frame, the lower end of the overlapping ring extending to the lower side of the overlapping cover; a compression bladder is fixedly installed on the upper side of the overlapping ring, the compression bladder is filled with inert gas, and the inside of the compression bladder is connected to the inside of the limiting groove through a connecting pipe, and a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes distance sensors installed on the bottom surface of the frame; and the positions of multiple distance sensors correspond to the positions of multiple overlapping covers respectively, which can detect the distance L of each overlapping cover relative to the frame, and the transmitting end of the distance sensor is installed on the frame, and its receiving end is located on the top surface of the overlapping cover.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a control unit for controlling the driving distance of the drive shaft; the control unit includes a detection ring disposed on the outer wall of the insertion ring, and a contact sensor is fixedly installed on the lower outer wall of the detection ring. When the contact sensor detects that it is in contact with the soil surface, it will control the drive shaft to stop moving; and a mounting groove is opened in the middle of the detection ring, and multiple power supplies are installed in the mounting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, two detection pieces in the same detection group have a height difference in the vertical direction, and the height difference between two adjacent detection pieces in different detection groups is consistent in the vertical direction; and multiple detection groups located on the same plug-in piece are all electrically connected to the same power supply.

[0013] A method for detecting soil water potential distribution includes the following steps: S1: Determine the soil area to be tested, remove impurities from the soil surface, and fix the testing device in position using supports set on both sides of the frame; S2: Using the drive shaft that is movable on the frame, the overlapping cover and the plug ring are moved, so that multiple plug pieces set on the lower side of the plug ring are inserted into the soil. When the detection ring contacts the ground, the drive stops. After one plug piece is installed, the drive shaft is reset first, and then the position of the drive shaft is adjusted relative to the frame to insert the remaining plug pieces into the soil in sequence. S3: Turn on the power switch and use the two detection plates in each detection group to detect the resistivity R of the soil located in the middle of the two. After multiple detection groups set on a detection plate have obtained the resistivity R of the soil at different soil depths, turn on the power of each detection group on the remaining plug-in plates in sequence to obtain the resistivity R of multiple soils. S4: After multiple detection groups on the plug ring have collected the corresponding soil resistivity R, open the control valve on the setting and connecting pipe to make the plug ring rotate to adjust the relative position of the multiple detection pieces, and repeat step S3 until the soil resistivity R is collected.

[0014] Beneficial effects

[0015] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with known public technologies: This invention, through the setting of multiple plug-in rings and multiple plug-in pieces set on the lower side of the plug-in rings, can realize the acquisition of soil resistivity data, and use the soil resistivity to reflect the water content of the detection area. Combined with the positional relationship of the plug-in rings, the soil water potential distribution is determined. The detection process is simple and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the detection device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure at the compression bladder of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plug ring of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the cross-sectional structure of the compression bladder of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the cross-sectional structure of the sliding groove of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the H detection group and the D detection group of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the SN detection group and EW detection group of the present invention.

[0018] Attached Figure

[0019] 100. Frame; 110. Support; 111. Telescopic rod; 122. Power spring; 120. Connecting cover; 121. Distance sensor; 130. Overlapping ring; 131. Compression bladder; 132. Connecting pipe; 200. Moving frame; 210. Drive shaft; 300. Overlap cover; 301. Sliding groove; 302. Limiting groove; 400. Connecting ring; 401. Detection ring; 410. Connecting piece; 411. Detection piece; 420. Limiting block; 421. Connecting rod; 430. Power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] See attached document Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 8As shown, the soil water potential distribution detection device includes a frame 100, on which a movable frame 200 is movably connected. The movable frame 200 is used to limit the driving direction of the external drive shaft 210. Supports 110 are movably connected to both sides of the frame 100 to support the frame 100. Specifically, a circular through hole is provided in the middle of the movable frame 200, which can be adapted to the radial cross-sectional size of the drive shaft 210. The movable frame 200 configured in this way can effectively limit the axial movement of the drive shaft 210. It is worth noting that in this case, the movable frame 200 can be adjusted in the horizontal direction relative to the frame 100. This is based on the fact that there are multiple sampling points in this case. Each sampling point is provided with a plug ring 400. The function of the drive shaft 210 is to insert multiple plug pieces 410 provided on the lower side of the multiple plug rings 400 into the soil. In the actual testing process, the supports 110 located on both sides of the frame 100 need to be adjusted relative to the frame 100 to fix the position of the frame 100. Specifically, the supports 110 are rotatably connected to the frame 100 through a pivot. A telescopic rod 111 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the supports 110. When the frame 100 is fixed, multiple overlapping covers 300 located on the lower side of the frame 100 are arranged in a north-south or east-west direction. In the actual installation process, the bottom of the telescopic rod 111 can be made into a spike shape to facilitate better insertion into the ground. The telescopic rod 111 consists of two movable sleeves and an inner tube. The relative positions of the sleeves and the inner tube can be fixed by external screws, etc., to assist in fixing the position of the frame 100. It should be noted that in the actual testing process, the frame 100 is parallel to the north-south direction or parallel to the east-west direction.

[0024] This case also includes a testing mechanism for collecting soil samples. Specifically, the testing mechanism includes an overlap cover 300, which is linearly and uniformly arranged on the lower side of the frame 100 and is fixed to the frame 100 by multiple connecting covers 120 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frame 100. Furthermore, a plug ring 400 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the overlap cover 300. The overlap cover 300 and the plug ring 400 are rotatably connected in the horizontal direction, and in the vertical direction, the overlap cover 300 and the plug ring 400 maintain a relatively fixed position. For the overlapping cover 300, a through groove is provided in the middle of the frame 100. The lower outer wall of the drive shaft 210, which is movably connected to the moving frame 200, contacts the top surface of the overlapping cover 300. When the drive shaft 210 runs, it will drive the overlapping cover 300 to adjust its position in the vertical direction. Since the overlapping cover 300 and the insertion ring 400 maintain a relatively fixed position in the vertical direction, when the drive shaft 210 moves towards the ground in the vertical direction, the insertion ring 400 will also move downward in sync, thereby enabling the insertion of multiple insertion pieces 410 provided on the lower side of the insertion ring 400 into the soil. Furthermore, in this case, the drive shaft 210 is either a cylinder output shaft or a hydraulic cylinder output shaft. When the drive shaft 210 is driven vertically from top to bottom relative to the frame 100, it will drive the overlapping cover 300 to move downward, thereby causing the insertion piece 410 to be inserted into the soil.

[0025] It is also worth noting that this case includes a control unit for controlling the driving distance of the drive shaft 210. The control unit includes a detection ring 401 disposed on the outer wall of the insertion ring 400. A contact sensor is fixedly installed on the lower outer wall of the detection ring 401. When the contact sensor detects that it is in contact with the soil surface, it will control the drive shaft 210 to stop moving. A mounting groove is provided in the middle of the detection ring 401, and multiple power supplies 430 are installed in the mounting groove. Since the drive shaft 210 is movably mounted on the frame 100, in the actual insertion of the insertion piece 410 into the soil, the soil surface may be uneven. If the driving distance received by each insertion piece 410 from the drive shaft 210 is always kept constant, the situation that will occur is that the insertion piece 410 is set to a fixed value. The soil depth detected by each detection group on the plug-in piece 410 is inconsistent and uncertain, which will lead to a certain error in the final soil moisture content result. Therefore, ensuring that the insertion depth of the plug-in piece 410 is a fixed value can effectively improve the actual detection accuracy. Thus, the control unit set in this case can achieve the above purpose well. The contact sensor on the detection ring 401 will send a contact signal when the plug-in piece 410 is inserted into the soil and the detection ring 401 contacts the ground. When the contact signal is received, it will control the drive shaft 210 to stop running, thereby ensuring that the insertion depth of each plug-in piece 410 is a fixed value and ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.

[0026] As mentioned above, it is necessary to ensure that the insertion depth of each connector 410 into the soil is consistent, so as to ensure that the soil data obtained from different testing groups can be compared intuitively during subsequent soil testing. The control unit can stop in time after the testing ring 401 contacts the ground. However, for verification, this testing device also includes a distance sensor 121 set on the bottom surface of the frame 100. The positions of multiple distance sensors 121 correspond to the positions of multiple overlapping covers 300, which can detect the distance L of each overlapping cover 300 relative to the frame 100. The transmitting end of the distance sensor 121 is set on the frame 100, and its receiving end is located on the top surface of the overlapping cover 300.

[0027] Specifically, by setting distance sensors 121 corresponding to the positions of multiple plug-in pieces 410, the distance between each overlapping cover 300 and the frame 100 can be detected effectively. By acquiring the distance data, on the one hand, when the running speed of the drive shaft 210 is the same, by acquiring the downward running time of the drive shaft 210 each time, the value of the time should be approximately the value of the acquired distance L, which can be used for verification. At the same time, by acquiring multiple distance L values, the terrain direction of the detection area can be clearly identified.

[0028] Specifically, the insertion ring 400 is elastically connected to the connecting cover 120 via two symmetrically arranged energized springs 122. It should be noted that when the insertion piece 410 is inserted into the soil, the energized springs 122 do not possess significant elastic potential energy. Their purpose is that, after testing, by connecting the energized springs 122 to an external power source, an electromagnetic field is generated using multiple coils within the energized springs 122. This magnetic force causes the energized springs 122 to contract effectively, assisting in removing the insertion piece 410 from the soil. The bottom of the insertion ring 400 has a ring-shaped structure for fixation. Multiple plug-in pieces 410 are connected. On the outer wall of the plug-in pieces 410, multiple detection groups are arranged linearly and equally in the vertical direction. Each detection group includes two detection pieces 411. The two detection pieces 411 located in the same detection group are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the same power supply 430, forming a detection circuit. A resistance detector is provided in each detection circuit to detect the resistivity R of the soil between the middle of the two detection pieces 411. Specifically, the multiple detection groups located on the same plug-in piece 410 can be powered by the power supply 430 installed on the detection ring 401.

[0029] Testing process: When multiple connectors 410 in the detection device are inserted into the soil, the soil moisture content can be detected. It should be noted that the so-called moisture content detection in this case is not the detection of the specific water content in the soil. The main factors affecting the resistivity of the soil include: the concentration of conductive ions in the soil; moisture content; and soil texture. In this case, when the provided detection device is used to detect in a certain area, the soil texture and the concentration of conductive ions in the soil can be approximated as the same, because the sampling points are close to each other and there will not be much difference in essence. Regarding moisture content, the wetter the soil, the higher its electrical conductivity and the lower its resistivity, and vice versa. Given this relationship, in actual testing, soil resistivity is understood to be negatively correlated with moisture content; that is, higher soil resistivity corresponds to lower soil moisture content. Using this method, the trend of water potential between two adjacent sampling points can be compared, although a specific numerical value may not exist. Of course, if necessary, the moisture content of a specific sampling point can be measured individually and compared with the measured soil resistivity to derive the corresponding relationship, thus enabling the estimation of soil moisture content.

[0030] The specific testing methods are as follows: First, turn on one of the power supply switches 430. Then, one of the detection groups on one of the corresponding connectors 410 can detect the soil resistivity. Two detectors 411 in the same detection group have a vertical height difference, and the vertical height difference between adjacent detectors 411 in different detection groups remains consistent. Both detectors 411 in the same detection group can fully contact the soil. When the two detectors 411 are energized, the soil in the middle acts as a connection resistor. Therefore, the detection circuit can be understood as including a power supply 430 and a... Two detection plates 411 are provided, which may include soil located between the middle of the two detection plates 411. When the plate is powered on, the resistivity R of the soil can be obtained by the resistance detector in the detection circuit. After one of the detection groups on the same plug-in plate 410 obtains the resistivity R of the soil, the detection group is first powered off, and the remaining detection groups are tested independently in sequence. After multiple detection groups on the same plug-in plate 410 have obtained the resistivity R of the soil, the remaining detection groups on the plug-in plate 410 are tested successively, and the resistivity R values ​​of multiple groups of soil are obtained.

[0031] Treatment methods for resistivity R of multiple soil samples, firstly based on the attached... Figure 7 and appendix Figure 8As shown, the same plug-in piece 410 is divided into H detection group and D detection group according to the vertical height (assuming that each plug-in piece 410 is provided with two detection groups, the detection group on the upper side is defined as H detection group, the detection group on the lower side is defined as D detection group, and four plug-in pieces 410 are evenly arranged on a plug-in ring 400), and divided into SN detection group and EW detection group according to the north-south direction and the east-west direction. The resistivity R of multiple soil samples obtained from the H and D detection groups within the same connector 410 is compared to determine the variation in soil resistivity R at different soil depths. Based on this variation in soil resistivity R, the variation in soil moisture content in the vertical direction is determined, thereby identifying the distribution of water in the soil in the vertical direction within the current detection area. The resistivity R of multiple soil samples obtained from the H and D detection groups on other connectors 410 within the same connector ring 400 can be compared and verified to determine the trend of soil moisture content variation in the vertical direction. Alternatively, for different connector rings 400, the above method can be used for further verification and corresponding results can be obtained, or the average value can be taken to clarify the trend of soil moisture content variation in the vertical direction within the detection area. For north-south and east-west orientations, the resistivity R of multiple soil samples obtained from the SN and EW detection groups in all plug rings 400 is compared separately. It is worth noting that it is necessary to ensure that the resistivity R of multiple soil samples in the SN detection group is obtained at the same soil depth, that is, in the same H detection group or the same D detection group. The magnitude change of resistivity R of multiple soil samples in the north-south direction in the SN detection group is obtained, and then the soil water potential change trend in the north-south direction in the current detection area can be obtained. Similarly, the soil water potential change trend in the east-west direction can also be obtained.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] It is worth noting that, in order to ensure the accuracy of the results, in this testing device, it is understood that to avoid differences between each testing group, the position of each testing group will be adjusted and the above testing method will be repeated to verify the final results of the soil moisture content change trend in the vertical direction, the soil water potential change trend in the north-south direction, and the soil water potential change trend in the east-west direction.

[0034] Specifically, the detection device provided in this case also includes a rotating structure disposed between the overlap cover 300 and the insertion ring 400 to realize the rotation of the overlap cover 300 and the insertion ring 400; including a limiting block 420 fixedly installed on the insertion ring 400, a connecting rod 421 fixedly installed on the limiting block 420, the connecting rod 421 having a semi-annular structure; and a sliding groove 301 opened inside the lower end of the overlap cover 300, the limiting block 420 being slidably connected in the sliding groove 301, and a limiting groove 302 opened on one side of the sliding groove 301, the connecting rod 421 being slidably connected in the limiting groove 302. When gas is injected into one end of the limiting groove 302, the connecting rod 421 located in the limiting groove 302 will drive the insertion ring 400 to rotate relative to the overlap cover 300 under the action of gas pressure. It also includes a drive unit for injecting gas into the limiting groove 302; the drive unit includes an overlapping ring 130 fixedly installed on the frame 100, the lower end of the overlapping ring 130 extending to the lower side of the overlapping cover 300; a compression bladder 131 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the overlapping ring 130, the compression bladder 131 is filled with inert gas, and the inside of the compression bladder 131 is connected to the inside of the limiting groove 302 through a connecting pipe 132, and a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe 132.

[0035] When the overlap cover 300 is adjusted in position relative to the frame 100 under the action of the drive shaft 210, the compression bladder 131 located on the lower side of the overlap cover 300 is compressed, and the inert gas inside is pressurized. After one test is completed, the control valve located on the connecting pipe 132 is opened, allowing the pressurized gas to enter the limiting groove 302 opened on the overlap cover 300, thereby driving the limiting block 420 movably connected in the sliding groove 301 to move, thereby realizing the relative rotation between the overlap cover 300 and the insertion ring 400, so that the fixed The position of the plug-in piece 410 installed on the plug-in ring 400 is adjusted. During this process, the lower end of the energized spring 122 slides against the detection ring 401 via the connecting block. However, the connecting block is movably connected to the inside of the detection ring 401. It should be noted that after the frame 100 is installed in this case, the plug-in rings 400 evenly arranged on it are also arranged in a north-south or east-west direction, and the initial position of the plug-in piece 410 located on the lower side of the plug-in ring 400 is also arranged in a direction perpendicular to each other. When the pressurized gas drives the plug-in ring 400 to rotate, its final determined position can be ignored, because as long as the detection position changes, the data obtained by the plug-in piece 410 before adjustment, which is closest to its final position, can be used for comparison.

[0036] Example 3:

[0037] Based on the soil water potential distribution detection device described in Embodiments 1 and 2, the resistivity R of multiple soils can be collected using the following detection method; A method for detecting soil water potential distribution includes the following steps: S1: Determine the soil area to be tested, remove impurities from the soil surface of the testing area, and fix the position of the testing device by means of the brackets 110 set on both sides of the frame 100; S2: Using the drive shaft 210 movable on the frame 100, the overlapping cover 300 and the plug ring 400 are moved, so that multiple plug pieces 410 set on the lower side of the plug ring 400 are inserted into the soil. When the detection ring 401 contacts the ground, the drive is stopped. After one plug piece 410 is installed, the drive shaft 210 is reset first, and then the position of the drive shaft 210 is adjusted relative to the frame 100, and the remaining plug pieces 410 are inserted into the soil in sequence. S3: Turn on the power switch 430 and use the two detection pieces 411 in each detection group to detect the resistivity R of the soil located in the middle of the two. After multiple detection groups set on a detection piece 411 have obtained the resistivity R of the soil at different soil depths, turn on the power supply 430 of each detection group on the remaining plug-in piece 410 in sequence to obtain the resistivity R of multiple soils. S4: After multiple detection groups on the plug ring 400 have collected the corresponding soil resistivity R, open the control valve on the connecting pipe 132 to rotate the plug ring 400 to adjust the relative positions of the multiple detection pieces 411, and repeat step S3 until the soil resistivity R is collected.

[0038] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil water potential distribution detection device, characterized in that, include: A frame (100) is movably connected to the frame (100), and the movable frame (200) is used to limit the driving direction of the external drive shaft (210). Supports (110) are movably connected to both sides of the frame (100) to support the frame (100). The overlapping cover (300) is evenly arranged in a linear structure on the lower side of the frame (100), and is fixed to the frame (100) by multiple connecting covers (120) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frame (100); And a plug ring (400) is located directly below the overlap cover (300). The plug ring (400) is elastically connected to the connecting cover (120) by two symmetrically arranged energized springs (122). The bottom of the plug ring (400) has a ring structure with multiple plug pieces (410) fixedly connected. On the outer wall of the plug piece (410), multiple detection groups are arranged linearly and equally in the vertical direction. Each detection group includes two detection pieces (411), and the two detection pieces (411) located in the same detection group are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the same power supply (430) respectively, forming a detection circuit. And a resistance detector installed in each detection circuit for detecting the resistivity R of the soil between the middle of the two detection plates (411); The overlap cover (300) and the plug ring (400) are kept relatively fixed in the vertical direction, and the overlap cover (300) and the plug ring (400) are kept rotatably connected in the horizontal direction.

2. The soil water potential distribution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A through slot is provided in the middle of the frame (100), and the lower outer wall of the drive shaft (210) movably connected to the movable frame (200) contacts the top surface of the overlapping cover (300); Furthermore, the drive shaft (210) is either a cylinder output shaft or a hydraulic cylinder output shaft; When the drive shaft (210) is driven vertically from top to bottom relative to the frame (100), it will cause the overlap cover (300) to move downward, thereby causing the plug piece (410) to be inserted into the soil.

3. The soil water potential distribution detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bracket (110) is rotatably connected to the frame (100) via a pivot. A telescopic rod (111) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bracket (110). Furthermore, when the frame (100) is fixed, the multiple overlapping covers (300) set on the lower side of the frame (100) are arranged in a north-south or east-west direction.

4. The soil water potential distribution detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a rotating structure disposed between the overlap cover (300) and the plug ring (400) to realize the rotation of the overlap cover (300) and the plug ring (400); Includes a limiting block (420) fixedly installed on the plug ring (400), and a connecting rod (421) fixedly installed on the limiting block (420), the connecting rod (421) having a semi-ring structure; In addition, a sliding groove (301) is opened inside the lower end of the overlapping cover (300), a limiting block (420) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (301), and a limiting groove (302) is opened on one side of the sliding groove (301), and a connecting rod (421) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (302). When gas is injected into one end of the limiting groove (302), the connecting rod (421) located in the limiting groove (302) will drive the plug ring (400) to rotate relative to the overlapping cover (300) under the action of gas pressure.

5. The soil water potential distribution detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a drive unit for injecting gas into the limiting groove (302); The drive unit includes an overlapping ring (130) fixedly mounted on the frame (100), the lower end of which extends to the lower side of the overlapping cover (300); A compression bladder (131) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the overlapping ring (130). The compression bladder (131) is filled with inert gas, and the inside of the compression bladder (131) is connected to the inside of the limiting groove (302) through the connecting pipe (132). A control valve is provided on the connecting pipe (132).

6. The soil water potential distribution detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a distance sensor (121) installed on the bottom surface of the frame (100). The positions of multiple distance sensors (121) correspond to the positions of multiple overlapping covers (300), and can detect the distance L of each overlapping cover (300) relative to the frame (100). The transmitting end of the distance sensor (121) is set on the frame (100), and its receiving end is located on the top surface of the overlapping cover (300).

7. The soil water potential distribution detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit for controlling the drive distance of the drive shaft (210); The control unit includes a detection ring (401) disposed on the outer wall of the plug ring (400). A contact sensor is fixedly installed on the lower outer wall of the detection ring (401). When the contact sensor detects that it is in contact with the soil surface, it will control the drive shaft (210) to stop moving. Furthermore, a mounting slot is provided in the middle of the detection ring (401), and multiple power supplies (430) are installed in the mounting slot.

8. The soil water potential distribution detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two test pieces (411) located in the same test group have a height difference in the vertical direction, and the height difference between two adjacent test pieces (411) in different test groups is consistent in the vertical direction; Furthermore, multiple detection groups located on the same plug-in piece (410) are all electrically connected to the same power supply (430).

9. A method for detecting soil water potential distribution, applicable to the soil water potential distribution detection device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Determine the soil area to be tested, remove impurities from the soil surface of the test area, and fix the position of the testing device by means of the brackets (110) set on both sides of the frame (100); S2: Using the drive shaft (210) movable on the frame (100), the overlapping cover (300) and the plug ring (400) are moved, so that multiple plug pieces (410) set on the lower side of the plug ring (400) are inserted into the soil. When the detection ring (401) contacts the ground, the drive is stopped. After one plug piece (410) is installed, the drive shaft (210) is reset first, and then the position of the drive shaft (210) is adjusted relative to the frame (100) to insert the remaining plug pieces (410) into the soil in sequence. S3: Turn on the power switch (430), and use the two detection plates (411) in each detection group to detect the resistivity R of the soil located in the middle of the two. After multiple detection groups set on a detection plate (411) have obtained the resistivity R of the soil at different soil depths, turn on the power supply (430) of each detection group on the remaining plug-in plate (410) in sequence to obtain the resistivity R of multiple soils. S4: After multiple detection groups on the plug ring (400) have collected the corresponding soil resistivity R, open the control valve on the setting and connecting pipe (132) to make the plug ring (400) rotate to adjust the relative position of multiple detection pieces (411), and repeat step S3 until the soil resistivity R is collected.

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