Modularized and integrated ultrahigh frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized and integrated ultrahigh-frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system, and relates to the field of partial discharge detection, and the system comprises a capturing module which is used for transmitting an adaptive frequency excitation signal to power transmission and transformation equipment, synchronously capturing an ultrahigh-frequency partial discharge signal generated by equipment response, and synchronously transmitting an excitation parameter and a capturing signal to an interpretation module; the interpretation module is used for receiving the excitation parameter and the capture signal, analyzing the amplitude and phase characteristics of the partial discharge signal and generating a characteristic code; according to the method, the corresponding operation and maintenance regulation and control instructions are matched based on the working condition sensing result and are issued in a grading manner, refined and intelligent management and control of equipment operation and maintenance are provided, partial discharge abnormity can be early warned in time, the equipment operation risk is effectively avoided, and the overall efficiency of power transmission and transformation equipment partial discharge monitoring and the operation and maintenance management level are integrally improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of partial discharge detection technology, specifically a modular, integrated intelligent monitoring system for ultra-high frequency partial discharge. Background Technology

[0002] Ultra-high frequency (UHF) partial discharge refers to the physical phenomenon where, when defects exist within the insulation of high-voltage electrical equipment, partial discharge occurs under the influence of a strong electric field, radiating electromagnetic waves in the UHF frequency band of 300MHz to 3GHz. It is an important indicator of insulation deterioration, internal air gaps, cracks, floating potentials, and other potential hazards, and is also a key basis for judging the insulation condition of power equipment.

[0003] Patent application No. 202311872449.2 discloses a GIS UHF partial discharge monitoring system and method. This application aims to address the problem that "online monitoring and fault diagnosis of GIS equipment is of great significance. However, related technologies mainly rely on manual inspections or periodic preventative maintenance, without real-time monitoring of the equipment's status or fault diagnosis based on status monitoring. This makes it difficult to detect partial discharge phenomena in GIS equipment in a timely manner. Partial discharge (or simply partial discharge) caused by GIS insulation deterioration generally does not initially cause penetrating breakdown, but it accelerates the insulation deterioration, leading to cumulative effects such as vibration and overheating, which in turn causes the insulation defects to expand, ultimately resulting in insulation breakdown and current leakage. Therefore, the related technologies have low efficiency in detecting partial discharge in GIS equipment."

[0004] However, in the existing UHF partial discharge monitoring methods for power transmission and transformation equipment, the excitation signal frequency cannot be well adapted to the real-time operating status of the equipment. The amplitude and phase characteristics analysis results of the partial discharge signal are easily affected by the operating parameters of multiple modules, resulting in errors. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure high-precision and intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance control of partial discharge in power transmission and transformation equipment.

[0005] To address this, we propose a modular, integrated intelligent monitoring system for ultra-high frequency partial discharge. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a modular and integrated intelligent monitoring system for ultra-high frequency partial discharge, which can effectively solve the problems of the existing technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions;

[0008] This invention discloses a modular, integrated intelligent monitoring system for ultra-high frequency partial discharge, comprising:

[0009] The system comprises the following modules: a capture module, a decoding module, and a control module. The capture module transmits an adaptive frequency excitation signal to the power transmission and transformation equipment, simultaneously capturing the ultra-high frequency partial discharge signal generated by the equipment response. The decoding module receives the excitation parameters and the captured signal, analyzes the amplitude and phase characteristics of the partial discharge signal, and generates a feature code. The calibration module acquires the feature code and performs feature code calibration by linking the operating parameters of the capture module and adjacent modules. The traceability module receives the calibrated feature code, encrypts and stores the data using a distributed architecture, establishes a data traceability link, and synchronously feeds back the storage status and traceability information to the sensing module. The sensing module senses the real-time operating conditions of the power transmission and transformation equipment based on the storage status and traceability information, dynamically matches system monitoring parameters according to the sensing results, and generates corresponding monitoring parameter adjustment instructions. The control module receives the operating condition matching results and adjustment instructions, outputs corresponding equipment operation and maintenance control instructions based on the adjustment instructions, and sends them to the corresponding power transmission and transformation equipment.

[0010] The capture module is interactively connected to the decoding module via a wireless network. The decoding module is interactively connected to the calibration module via a wireless encrypted link. The calibration module is interactively connected to the tracing module via a wireless encrypted link. The tracing module is interactively connected to the sensing module and the control module via a wireless network.

[0011] Furthermore, the generation of the adaptive frequency excitation signal in the capture module follows the following rules:

[0012] ;

[0013] In the formula: To adapt to the actual output frequency of the frequency excitation signal; The UHF frequency is the fundamental UHF frequency for UHF partial discharge detection in power transmission and transformation equipment. The rate of change of real-time operating voltage of power transmission and transformation equipment; The equivalent capacitance at the detection end of the power transmission and transformation equipment; The rated operating voltage of the power transmission and transformation equipment; Hardware frequency calibration coefficients for the capture module;

[0014] The capture module uses a timing synchronization mechanism to match the timing of the excitation signal transmission with that of the UHF partial discharge signal capture.

[0015] Furthermore, the decoding module analyzes the amplitude characteristics of the partial discharge signal as the effective discharge amplitude and the phase characteristics as the discharge phase offset. The analytical formulas for both are as follows:

[0016] ;

[0017] In the formula: The effective discharge amplitude; This represents the discharge phase offset. To capture the real-time amplitude of the signal; To capture the background noise amplitude of the signal; The length of the time window for a single signal acquisition; This refers to the real-time operating voltage signal of power transmission and transformation equipment. This is the reference phase for the rated operating voltage of power transmission and transformation equipment;

[0018] The feature code generated by the decoding module is a hexadecimal code, and the high eight bits of the feature code are... The quantization code value, the lower eight bits are The quantized encoded value.

[0019] Furthermore, the calibration logic of the calibration module for the feature code is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] The operating parameters of the capture module linked to the calibration module include the actual gain of the capture module. The operating parameters of the interconnected upper and lower adjacent modules include the total signal transmission loss of the upper-level module. Phase transmission deviation of the next-level module Simultaneously, the phase interpretation bias of the interpretation module is included. ;

[0022] in, To capture the standard gain of the module, To determine the standard loss for signal transmission, the calibration module will calibrate the signal. and Requantize and encode to generate calibrated feature codes.

[0023] Furthermore, the traceability module uses a segmented encrypted storage method to distribute the calibrated feature code and store the verification values ​​of each segment. ;

[0024] In the formula: This is an irreversible hash operation; The calibrated feature code; A unique identifier for power transmission and transformation equipment; The timestamp for signal capture; For character concatenation; ⊕ is the XOR operation; The node number for the distributed storage nodes;

[0025] The traceability module establishes a data traceability link based on the verification value;

[0026] The tracing link is a chain structure, and each node in the link stores a set of H and The correspondence between nodes is established, and the nodes communicate with each other via... and Establish a connection.

[0027] Furthermore, the sensing module constructs a comprehensive sensing index of the real-time operating conditions of power transmission and transformation equipment based on the stored status and traceability information. ;

[0028] In the formula: The number of abnormal discharges corresponding to the feature code after calibration within a preset time period; The total number of discharges corresponding to the feature code after calibration within a preset time period; This represents the maximum effective discharge amplitude after calibration within a preset time period. The preset safety threshold for discharge amplitude; The standard deviation of the discharge phase offset after calibration within a preset time period; The preset safety threshold for the discharge phase offset;

[0029] Among them, the sensing module dynamically matches the system monitoring parameters according to the value of S.

[0030] Furthermore, the system monitoring parameters include the ultra-high frequency signal excitation frequency, signal acquisition sensitivity, and feature interpretation-related parameters, and the adjustment of these three parameters follows the following order:

[0031] ;

[0032] In the formula: To adjust the excitation frequency of the ultra-high frequency signal; To adjust the excitation frequency of the previous ultra-high frequency signal; Preset adjustment coefficients for the excitation frequency; To adjust the signal acquisition sensitivity; To adjust the signal acquisition sensitivity beforehand; Preset adjustment coefficients for capture sensitivity; To adjust the length of the feature interpretation time window; To adjust the length of the previous feature interpretation time window; Preset adjustment coefficients for relevant parameters in feature interpretation;

[0033] Let the preset operating condition threshold be ,when When the sensing module triggers an upward adjustment of the system monitoring parameters, the adjusted parameter values ​​are directly calculated according to the formula above.

[0034] when When the sensing module triggers a downward adjustment of the system's monitoring parameters, replace S in the above formula with... The adjusted parameter values ​​were then calculated.

[0035] when At this time, the sensing module keeps the current system monitoring parameters unchanged and does not trigger any parameter adjustment operations.

[0036] Furthermore, the monitoring parameter adjustment instructions generated by the sensing module are structured instructions, including a device identification section, a parameter adjustment section, a verification section, and an execution time limit section;

[0037] Equipment identification section and power transmission and transformation equipment One-to-one correspondence, the parameter adjustment section includes the adjustment amount of the ultra-high frequency signal excitation frequency, signal acquisition sensitivity and feature interpretation related parameters, the verification section is the verification code generated based on the parameter adjustment amount, and the execution time limit section is the effective execution time of the parameter adjustment;

[0038] The sensing module synchronously sends monitoring parameter adjustment instructions to the control module and the capture module through a dedicated inter-module communication channel, and receives feedback signals after the instructions are issued. If a feedback signal is not received within a preset time, the instruction is resent.

[0039] Furthermore, the control module has a built-in mapping database of monitoring parameter adjustment instructions and equipment operation and maintenance control instructions. After parsing the received monitoring parameter adjustment instructions, the control module matches the corresponding operation and maintenance control instruction type in the mapping database.

[0040] The types of operation and maintenance control commands include equipment operating parameter fine-tuning commands, partial discharge early warning commands, and equipment shutdown detection commands.

[0041] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] This invention generates an excitation signal with an adapted frequency to meet the requirements of UHF partial discharge detection in power transmission and transformation equipment, simultaneously captures the discharge signal and accurately analyzes its effective amplitude and phase shift characteristics, and completes feature calibration through multi-dimensional operation parameter linkage, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of discharge feature identification.

[0043] Secure storage of discharge data is achieved through a distributed storage method with sharding encryption, while a traceable data link is established to ensure the integrity and traceability of the discharge data.

[0044] Based on the comprehensive working condition perception index, the real-time operating conditions of the equipment can be accurately perceived. The monitoring parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to the working conditions, so that the monitoring parameters are highly adapted to the actual operating status of the equipment, thereby improving the flexibility and sensitivity of the monitoring.

[0045] Based on the results of operating condition perception, corresponding operation and maintenance control instructions are matched and issued in a hierarchical manner, providing refined and intelligent management and control of equipment operation and maintenance. It can provide timely warning of partial discharge anomalies, effectively avoid equipment operation risks, and improve the overall efficiency of partial discharge monitoring and operation and maintenance management level of power transmission and transformation equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a modular, integrated UHF partial discharge intelligent monitoring system. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0050] Example:

[0051] This embodiment presents a modular, integrated intelligent monitoring system for ultra-high frequency partial discharge, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0052] The capture module is used to transmit an adaptive frequency excitation signal to the power transmission and transformation equipment, synchronously capture the ultra-high frequency partial discharge signal generated by the equipment response, and synchronously transmit the excitation parameters and the capture signal to the decoding module.

[0053] The generation of the adaptive frequency excitation signal in the capture module follows the following rules:

[0054] ;

[0055] In the formula: To adapt to the actual output frequency of the frequency excitation signal; The UHF frequency is the fundamental UHF frequency for UHF partial discharge detection in power transmission and transformation equipment. The rate of change of real-time operating voltage of power transmission and transformation equipment; The equivalent capacitance at the detection end of the power transmission and transformation equipment; The rated operating voltage of the power transmission and transformation equipment; Hardware frequency calibration coefficients for the capture module;

[0056] This formula uses the base frequency for UHF partial discharge detection of power transmission and transformation equipment as a reference, and uses the ratio of the real-time operating voltage change rate of the equipment to the equivalent capacitance of the detection end and the rated operating voltage of the equipment as the basis for dynamic adjustment. At the same time, it incorporates the hardware frequency calibration coefficient of the capture module, so that the excitation signal frequency can change dynamically with the real-time electrical operating parameters of the equipment. It can also make targeted corrections based on the frequency deviation of the capture module hardware and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the equipment detection end, so that the excitation signal is highly consistent with the actual operating state of the equipment, thereby improving the targeting and adaptability of UHF partial discharge signal capture.

[0057] The capture module uses a timing synchronization mechanism to match the timing of the excitation signal transmission with that of the UHF partial discharge signal capture, and the synchronization trigger delay of the timing synchronization mechanism is consistent with... They are negatively correlated, and the trigger delay does not exceed a preset threshold;

[0058] in, ∈[0.85, 1.15], its value is positively correlated with the actual frequency offset of the capture module hardware device and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the detection end of the power transmission and transformation equipment;

[0059] The decoding module is used to receive excitation parameters and capture signals, analyze the amplitude and phase characteristics of the partial discharge signal, and generate a feature code;

[0060] The decoding module analyzes the amplitude characteristics of the partial discharge signal as the effective discharge amplitude and the phase characteristics as the discharge phase offset. The analytical formulas for both are as follows:

[0061] ;

[0062] In the formula: The effective discharge amplitude; This represents the discharge phase offset. To capture the real-time amplitude of the signal; To capture the background noise amplitude of the signal; The length of the time window for a single signal acquisition; This refers to the real-time operating voltage signal of power transmission and transformation equipment. This is the reference phase for the rated operating voltage of power transmission and transformation equipment;

[0063] In the above formula, the effective discharge amplitude is obtained by performing root mean square calculation on the difference between the real-time amplitude of the captured signal and the amplitude of the background noise within a single signal capture time window, which can accurately eliminate the interference of background noise on the discharge amplitude.

[0064] The discharge phase offset is calculated by combining the correlation between the real-time operating voltage signal and the captured signal with the reference phase of the equipment's rated operating voltage. This allows for the precise extraction of discharge phase characteristics. The quantitative analysis of partial discharge signal characteristics is completed from two core dimensions: amplitude and phase. The analysis of the two dimensions is independent of each other and can fully reflect the discharge signal characteristics, thus supporting the subsequent feature code generation.

[0065] The signature generated by the decoding module is in hexadecimal encoding, and the high eight bits of the signature are... The quantization code value, the lower eight bits are The quantization encoding value is such that the precision of the quantization encoding matches the signal acquisition sensitivity;

[0066] The calibration module is used to acquire the feature code and, in conjunction with the capture module and the operating parameters of the modules above and below it, calibrate the feature code.

[0067] The calibration module's calibration logic for the feature code is as follows:

[0068] ;

[0069] The operating parameters of the capture module linked to the calibration module include the actual gain of the capture module. The operating parameters of the interconnected upper and lower adjacent modules include the total signal transmission loss of the upper-level module. Phase transmission deviation of the next-level module Simultaneously, the phase interpretation bias of the interpretation module is included. ;

[0070] The above formula uses the ratio of the actual gain of the capture module to the standard gain and the ratio of the total signal transmission loss to the standard loss to effectively correct the discharge amplitude. This can offset the amplitude error caused by the hardware gain deviation of the capture module and the signal transmission loss. The discharge phase offset deducts the signal transmission phase deviation of the previous module and the phase interpretation deviation of the interpretation module. It accurately corrects the deviation of the phase feature in the transmission and interpretation stages. It performs targeted calibration of the feature data from the amplitude and phase dimensions to offset the errors generated in each stage. This makes the corrected feature data more consistent with the actual discharge situation of the equipment and improves the accuracy of the feature code.

[0071] in, To capture the standard gain of the module, To determine the standard loss for signal transmission, the calibration module will calibrate the signal. and Requantize and encode to generate calibrated feature codes;

[0072] The traceability module is used to receive the calibrated feature code, encrypt and store the data through a distributed architecture, establish a data traceability link, and synchronously feed back the storage status and traceability information to the perception module.

[0073] The traceability module uses a fragmented encrypted storage method to distribute and store the calibrated feature code, storing the verification values ​​of each fragment. ;

[0074] In the formula: This is an irreversible hash operation; The calibrated feature code; A unique identifier for power transmission and transformation equipment; The timestamp for signal capture; For character concatenation; ⊕ is the XOR operation; The node number for the distributed storage nodes;

[0075] The above formula first concatenates the calibrated feature code, the unique identification code of the power transmission and transformation equipment, and the signal capture timestamp, then performs an irreversible hash operation, and finally performs an XOR operation with the node number of the distributed storage node to obtain the verification value. This deeply binds the feature data with the equipment identity and the signal capture time, and at the same time performs personalized verification by combining the distributed storage node number. This ensures the immutability of the data through hash operation and realizes the exclusive association between storage shards and nodes through XOR operation, providing a unique and verifiable verification basis for data traceability in the distributed storage mode.

[0076] The traceability module establishes a data traceability link based on this verification value;

[0077] The tracing link is a chain structure, and each node in the link stores a set of H and The correspondence between nodes is established, and the nodes communicate with each other via... and To establish a connection;

[0078] The sensing module is used to sense the real-time operating conditions of power transmission and transformation equipment based on the stored status and traceability information, dynamically match system monitoring parameters according to the sensing results, and generate corresponding monitoring parameter adjustment instructions.

[0079] The sensing module constructs a comprehensive sensing index of the real-time operating conditions of power transmission and transformation equipment based on stored status and traceability information. ;

[0080] In the formula: The number of abnormal discharges corresponding to the feature code after calibration within a preset time period; The total number of discharges corresponding to the feature code after calibration within a preset time period; This represents the maximum effective discharge amplitude after calibration within a preset time period. The preset safety threshold for discharge amplitude; The standard deviation of the discharge phase offset after calibration within a preset time period; The preset safety threshold for the discharge phase offset;

[0081] The above formula integrates the ratio of the number of abnormal discharges to the total number of discharges within a preset time, the ratio of the maximum effective discharge amplitude after calibration to the amplitude safety threshold, and the ratio of the standard deviation of the discharge phase offset after calibration to the phase safety threshold. It comprehensively evaluates the operating condition of power transmission and transformation equipment from three dimensions: the probability of abnormal discharge, the severity of amplitude abnormality, and the degree of phase characteristic dispersion. It integrates multi-dimensional discharge characteristic indicators into a single perception index, which can intuitively and comprehensively reflect the actual operating condition of partial discharge of equipment.

[0082] Among them, the sensing module dynamically matches the system monitoring parameters according to the value of S;

[0083] The system monitoring parameters include the UHF signal excitation frequency, signal acquisition sensitivity, and feature interpretation-related parameters. The adjustment of these three parameters follows the following rules:

[0084] ;

[0085] In the formula: To adjust the excitation frequency of the ultra-high frequency signal; To adjust the excitation frequency of the previous ultra-high frequency signal; Preset adjustment coefficients for the excitation frequency; To adjust the signal acquisition sensitivity; To adjust the signal acquisition sensitivity beforehand; Preset adjustment coefficients for capture sensitivity; To adjust the length of the feature interpretation time window; To adjust the length of the previous feature interpretation time window; Preset adjustment coefficients for relevant parameters in feature interpretation;

[0086] Let the preset operating condition threshold be ,when When the sensing module triggers an upward adjustment of the system monitoring parameters, the adjusted parameter values ​​are directly calculated according to the formula above.

[0087] when When the sensing module triggers a downward adjustment of the system's monitoring parameters, replace S in the above formula with... The adjusted parameter values ​​were then calculated.

[0088] when At this time, the perception module keeps the current system monitoring parameters unchanged and does not trigger any parameter adjustment operations; the feature interpretation related parameters are adjusted with the feature interpretation time window length as the core indicator, and the other interpretation related parameters are adjusted synchronously with the adjustment ratio of the time window length.

[0089] in, , , All are greater than zero, and none exceed their respective preset upper limits. The voltage level of the power transmission and transformation equipment and the complexity of its insulation structure are directly proportional to the rated voltage level of the equipment. The intensity of electromagnetic interference in the operating environment of the power transmission and transformation equipment and the degree of transmission attenuation of partial discharge signals are directly proportional. The complexity of the partial discharge signal characteristics of power transmission and transformation equipment and the difficulty of identifying the discharge type are directly proportional;

[0090] The monitoring parameter adjustment instructions generated by the sensing module are structured instructions, including a device identification section, a parameter adjustment section, a verification section, and an execution time limit section;

[0091] Equipment identification section and power transmission and transformation equipment One-to-one correspondence, the parameter adjustment section includes the adjustment amount of the ultra-high frequency signal excitation frequency, signal acquisition sensitivity and feature interpretation related parameters, the verification section is the verification code generated based on the parameter adjustment amount, and the execution time limit section is the effective execution time of the parameter adjustment;

[0092] The sensing module synchronously sends the monitoring parameter adjustment command to the control module and the capture module through a dedicated inter-module communication channel, and receives the feedback signal after the command is issued. If the feedback signal is not received within a preset time, the command is resent.

[0093] The control module is used to receive the operating condition matching results and adjustment instructions, output the corresponding equipment operation and maintenance control instructions based on the adjustment instructions, and send them to the corresponding power transmission and transformation equipment.

[0094] The control module has a built-in mapping database of monitoring parameter adjustment instructions and equipment operation and maintenance control instructions. After parsing the received monitoring parameter adjustment instructions, the control module matches the corresponding operation and maintenance control instruction type in the mapping database.

[0095] Operation and maintenance control commands include commands for fine-tuning equipment operating parameters, commands for partial discharge warnings, and commands for equipment shutdown detection.

[0096] The control module issues operation and maintenance control commands based on a hierarchical distribution mechanism. The first level of distribution is to issue commands to the local control unit of the power transmission and transformation equipment, and the second level of distribution is to issue commands to the remote operation and maintenance platform. The triggering conditions for hierarchical distribution are matched with the numerical level of the comprehensive perception index S of the working condition generated by the perception module.

[0097] The system monitoring parameters include the excitation frequency of the UHF signal, the signal acquisition sensitivity, and related parameters for feature interpretation.

[0098] The capture module is connected to the decoding module via a wireless network. The decoding module is connected to the calibration module via a wireless encrypted link. The calibration module is connected to the tracing module via a wireless encrypted link. The tracing module is connected to the sensing module and the control module via a wireless network.

[0099] The wireless encryption link is pre-configured by the system-side user.

[0100] In this embodiment, the capture module transmits an adaptive frequency excitation signal to the power transmission and transformation equipment, simultaneously capturing the ultra-high frequency partial discharge signal generated by the equipment response. The excitation parameters and capture signal are synchronously transmitted to the decoding module. The decoding module then receives the excitation parameters and capture signal, analyzes the amplitude and phase characteristics of the partial discharge signal, and generates a feature code. The calibration module further acquires the feature code and performs feature code calibration by linking the operating parameters of the capture module and adjacent modules. The traceability module receives the calibrated feature code, encrypts and stores the data using a distributed architecture, establishes a data traceability link, and synchronously feeds back the storage status and traceability information to the perception module. Based on the storage status and traceability information, the perception module senses the real-time operating condition of the power transmission and transformation equipment, dynamically matches system monitoring parameters according to the operating condition perception results, and generates corresponding monitoring parameter adjustment instructions. Finally, the control module receives the operating condition matching results and adjustment instructions, outputs corresponding equipment operation and maintenance control instructions based on the adjustment instructions, and sends them to the corresponding power transmission and transformation equipment.

[0101] In the above embodiments, the system can accurately adapt to the equipment operating status to generate excitation signals, synchronously capture and analyze discharge signal characteristics, calibrate and optimize feature data and realize encrypted storage and traceability, dynamically match and adjust monitoring parameters, and generate and issue operation and maintenance control instructions in a hierarchical manner according to the equipment operating conditions. It can accurately perceive the real-time operating status of the equipment, identify abnormal discharge situations in a timely manner, greatly improve the accuracy and real-time performance of partial discharge monitoring, and effectively reduce the risk of equipment failure caused by partial discharge.

[0102] Application example:

[0103] The No. 10 high-voltage switchgear of the 220kV urban substation in XX City has been in operation for 6 years. To promptly monitor the partial discharge status of the equipment and mitigate the risk of insulation faults, the maintenance unit deployed this system for the equipment. The system's capture module is directly installed at the switchgear's detection end, while the interpretation, calibration, and traceability modules are deployed in the substation's local monitoring cabinet. The sensing and control module is connected to the substation's central monitoring system. Data exchange between the modules is achieved through a pre-configured encrypted wireless link and a dedicated wireless network. The stability of the link communication and the security of data transmission both meet the requirements of power equipment monitoring standards.

[0104] After system startup, the capture module first retrieves basic parameters of the 220kV high-voltage switchgear, including the UHF frequency, rated operating voltage, and equivalent capacitance at the detection end. Combining this with the real-time operating voltage change rate and the frequency calibration coefficient adapted to the module's hardware, it calculates the actual output frequency of the adaptive excitation signal to be 390MHz. Simultaneously, a timing synchronization mechanism matches the timing of the excitation signal transmission and the UHF partial discharge signal capture, controlling the trigger delay within a preset threshold. The capture module then transmits the excitation signal at this frequency to the switchgear, synchronously capturing the UHF partial discharge signal generated by the equipment response, and transmitting the excitation parameters and the captured signal to the decoding module in real time.

[0105] After receiving the excitation parameters and the acquisition signal, the decoding module calculates the effective discharge amplitude of the partial discharge signal as 5.5mV and the discharge phase offset as 13° according to the system's analytical logic. It then performs hexadecimal quantization encoding on the two feature values, using the high eight bits to represent the effective discharge amplitude and the low eight bits to represent the discharge phase offset, thus generating the corresponding hexadecimal feature code. The quantization encoding accuracy matches the signal acquisition sensitivity of the current system.

[0106] After acquiring the feature code, the calibration module uses the actual and standard gain of the capture module, the total signal transmission loss and standard loss of the previous stage transmission module, the phase transmission deviation of the next stage module, and the phase interpretation deviation of the interpretation module to calibrate the effective discharge amplitude and discharge phase offset. After calibration, the effective discharge amplitude is 5.3mV and the discharge phase offset is 10°. Based on the calibration result, the module re-quantizes and encodes the signal to generate the calibrated feature code.

[0107] After receiving the calibrated feature code, the traceability module uses a distributed storage method with segmented encryption. First, it concatenates the calibrated feature code, the switch cabinet's unique identification code, and the signal capture timestamp, and performs an irreversible hash operation. Then, it performs an XOR operation with the distributed storage node number to obtain the verification value of each storage segment. Based on this verification value, a chain-structured data traceability link is constructed. Each node in the link stores a set of verification values ​​and the correspondence between the calibrated feature code. The unique identification code of the switch cabinet and the signal capture timestamp are used to establish the association between nodes. At the same time, the data storage status and complete traceability information are synchronously fed back to the sensing module.

[0108] Based on the received storage status and traceability information, the sensing module extracts and analyzes equipment monitoring data from a preset 24-hour period. The analysis reveals 9 abnormal discharges and a total of 45 discharges during this time period. The maximum effective discharge amplitude after calibration is 5.3mV, and the standard deviation of the discharge phase offset after calibration is 3.5°. Combining this with the preset safe thresholds for discharge amplitude (10mV) and discharge phase offset (8°) for the switchgear, the calculated comprehensive sensing index for the real-time operating condition is 0.68. This value is higher than the system's preset operating condition threshold of 0.5. Therefore, the sensing module triggers an upward adjustment of the system monitoring parameters. Following calculations, the excitation frequency of the ultra-high frequency signal is adjusted to 457.2MHz, the signal acquisition sensitivity is increased to 1.68 times the original parameter, and the feature interpretation time window length is shortened to 0.60 times the original parameter. Other feature interpretation-related parameters are adjusted synchronously with the adjustment of the time window length. Subsequently, the sensing module generates a structured monitoring parameter adjustment instruction that includes a device identification segment, a parameter adjustment segment, a verification segment, and an execution time limit segment. This instruction is then synchronously sent to the control module and the capture module through a dedicated inter-module communication channel, and a feedback signal is received within a preset time to ensure that the instruction is transmitted in place.

[0109] After receiving the monitoring parameter adjustment command, the control module parses the command and matches it with the corresponding operation and maintenance control command type as a partial discharge early warning command through the built-in monitoring parameter adjustment command and equipment operation and maintenance control command mapping database. Combined with the numerical level of the comprehensive operating condition perception index, the module initiates a hierarchical distribution mechanism. First, the early warning command is distributed to the local control unit level of the No. 10 high-voltage switchgear, triggering a local early warning prompt in the switchgear. Simultaneously, the command and equipment monitoring data are distributed to the remote power operation and maintenance management platform level, reminding operation and maintenance personnel to pay close attention to the operating status of the equipment and prepare for further investigation of partial discharge hazards.

[0110] In summary, the aforementioned system generates an excitation signal with a suitable frequency to meet the UHF partial discharge detection requirements of power transmission and transformation equipment. It simultaneously captures discharge signals and accurately analyzes their effective amplitude and phase shift characteristics. Through multi-dimensional operational parameter linkage, it completes feature calibration, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of discharge feature identification. Furthermore, it achieves secure storage of discharge data through a distributed storage method with segmented encryption, while establishing a traceable data link to ensure the integrity and traceability of discharge data. Simultaneously, it accurately perceives the real-time operating conditions of the equipment based on a comprehensive operating condition perception index, dynamically adjusting monitoring parameters according to the operating conditions to ensure a high degree of adaptation between monitoring parameters and the actual operating status of the equipment, thus improving the flexibility and sensitivity of monitoring. In addition, it matches corresponding operation and maintenance control instructions based on the operating condition perception results and issues them hierarchically, providing refined and intelligent management of equipment operation and maintenance. It can promptly warn of partial discharge anomalies, effectively avoiding equipment operation risks, and comprehensively improving the overall efficiency of partial discharge monitoring and the level of operation and maintenance management of power transmission and transformation equipment.

[0111] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular, integrated intelligent monitoring system for ultra-high frequency partial discharge, characterized in that, include: The capture module is used to transmit an adaptive frequency excitation signal to the power transmission and transformation equipment, synchronously capture the ultra-high frequency partial discharge signal generated by the equipment response, and synchronously transmit the excitation parameters and the capture signal to the decoding module. The decoding module is used to receive excitation parameters and capture signals, analyze the amplitude and phase characteristics of the partial discharge signal, and generate a feature code; The calibration module is used to acquire the feature code and, in conjunction with the capture module and the operating parameters of the modules above and below it, calibrate the feature code. The traceability module is used to receive the calibrated feature code, encrypt and store the data through a distributed architecture, establish a data traceability link, and synchronously feed back the storage status and traceability information to the perception module. The sensing module is used to sense the real-time operating conditions of power transmission and transformation equipment based on the stored status and traceability information, dynamically match system monitoring parameters according to the sensing results, and generate corresponding monitoring parameter adjustment instructions. The control module is used to receive the operating condition matching results and adjustment instructions, output the corresponding equipment operation and maintenance control instructions based on the adjustment instructions, and send them to the corresponding power transmission and transformation equipment.

2. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation of the adaptive frequency excitation signal in the capture module follows the following rules: ； In the formula: To adapt to the actual output frequency of the frequency excitation signal; The UHF frequency is the fundamental UHF frequency for UHF partial discharge detection in power transmission and transformation equipment. The rate of change of real-time operating voltage of power transmission and transformation equipment; The equivalent capacitance at the detection end of the power transmission and transformation equipment; The rated operating voltage of the power transmission and transformation equipment; Hardware frequency calibration coefficients for the capture module; The capture module uses a timing synchronization mechanism to match the timing of the excitation signal transmission with that of the UHF partial discharge signal capture.

3. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decoding module analyzes the amplitude characteristics of the partial discharge signal as the effective discharge amplitude and the phase characteristics as the discharge phase offset. The analytical formulas for both are as follows: ； In the formula: The effective discharge amplitude; This represents the discharge phase offset. To capture the real-time amplitude of the signal; To capture the background noise amplitude of the signal; The length of the time window for a single signal acquisition; This refers to the real-time operating voltage signal of power transmission and transformation equipment. This is the reference phase for the rated operating voltage of power transmission and transformation equipment; The feature code generated by the decoding module is a hexadecimal code, and the high eight bits of the feature code are... The quantization code value, the lower eight bits are The quantized encoded value.

4. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration module's calibration logic for the feature code is as follows: ； The operating parameters of the capture module linked to the calibration module include the actual gain of the capture module. The operating parameters of the interconnected upper and lower adjacent modules include the total signal transmission loss of the upper-level module. Phase transmission deviation of the next-level module Simultaneously, the phase interpretation bias of the interpretation module is included. ; in, To capture the standard gain of the module, As the standard loss for signal transmission, the calibration module will calibrate the signal. and Requantize and encode to generate calibrated feature codes.

5. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traceability module uses a segmented encrypted storage method to distribute and store the calibrated feature code, storing the verification values ​​of each segment. ; In the formula: This is an irreversible hash operation; This is the calibrated feature code; A unique identifier for power transmission and transformation equipment; The timestamp for signal capture; For character concatenation; ⊕ is the XOR operation; The node number for the distributed storage nodes; The traceability module establishes a data traceability link based on the verification value; The tracing link is a chain structure, and each node in the link stores a set of H and The correspondence between nodes is established, and the nodes communicate with each other via... and Establish a connection.

6. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing module constructs a comprehensive real-time operating condition sensing index for power transmission and transformation equipment based on stored status and traceability information. ; In the formula: The number of abnormal discharges corresponding to the feature code after calibration within a preset time period; The total number of discharges corresponding to the feature code after calibration within a preset time period; This represents the maximum effective discharge amplitude after calibration within a preset time period. The preset safety threshold for discharge amplitude; The standard deviation of the discharge phase offset after calibration within a preset time period; The preset safety threshold for the discharge phase offset; Among them, the sensing module dynamically matches the system monitoring parameters according to the value of S.

7. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system monitoring parameters include the UHF signal excitation frequency, signal acquisition sensitivity, and feature interpretation-related parameters, and the adjustment of these three parameters follows the following order: ； In the formula: To adjust the excitation frequency of the ultra-high frequency signal; To adjust the excitation frequency of the previous ultra-high frequency signal; Preset adjustment coefficients for the excitation frequency; To adjust the signal acquisition sensitivity; To adjust the signal acquisition sensitivity beforehand; Preset adjustment coefficients for capture sensitivity; To adjust the length of the feature interpretation time window; To adjust the length of the previous feature interpretation time window; Preset adjustment coefficients for relevant parameters in feature interpretation; Let the preset operating condition threshold be ,when When the sensing module triggers an upward adjustment of the system monitoring parameters, the adjusted parameter values ​​are directly calculated according to the formula above. when When the sensing module triggers a downward adjustment of the system's monitoring parameters, replace S in the above formula with... The adjusted parameter values ​​were then calculated. when At this time, the sensing module keeps the current system monitoring parameters unchanged and does not trigger any parameter adjustment operations.

8. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring parameter adjustment instructions generated by the sensing module are structured instructions, including a device identification section, a parameter adjustment section, a verification section, and an execution time limit section. Equipment identification section and power transmission and transformation equipment One-to-one correspondence, the parameter adjustment section includes the adjustment amount of the UHF signal excitation frequency, signal acquisition sensitivity and feature interpretation related parameters, the verification section is the verification code generated based on the parameter adjustment amount, and the execution time limit section is the effective execution time of the parameter adjustment; The sensing module synchronously sends monitoring parameter adjustment instructions to the control module and the capture module through a dedicated inter-module communication channel, and receives feedback signals after the instructions are issued. If a feedback signal is not received within a preset time, the instruction is resent.

9. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module has a built-in mapping database of monitoring parameter adjustment instructions and equipment operation and maintenance control instructions. After parsing the received monitoring parameter adjustment instructions, the control module matches the corresponding operation and maintenance control instruction type in the mapping database. The types of operation and maintenance control commands include equipment operating parameter fine-tuning commands, partial discharge early warning commands, and equipment shutdown detection commands.

10. The modular, integrated ultra-high frequency partial discharge intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capture module is interactively connected to the decoding module via a wireless network. The decoding module is interactively connected to the calibration module via a wireless encrypted link. The calibration module is interactively connected to the tracing module via a wireless encrypted link. The tracing module is interactively connected to the sensing module and the control module via a wireless network.

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