Multi-parameter cooperative environment control method and system for edible mushroom experiment shelter

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-parameter cooperative environment control method and system for an edible mushroom experiment shelter, relates to the technical field of edible mushroom planting and cultivation, and solves the technical problems of large environment fluctuation, low control precision and high energy consumption caused by independent adjustment and mutual interference of parameters in existing shelter environment control. Through unified coordination of a PLC controller, when any main control action of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment or carbon dioxide concentration adjustment is executed, predictive compensation control over other affected environmental parameters is synchronously executed, constant-temperature pretreatment based on the target temperature in the cabin and dynamic distribution according to needs are conducted on all introduced fresh air, and the fresh air is subjected to constant-temperature pretreatment based on the target temperature in the cabin. Therefore, deep synergy and stabilization of temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are realized. The device is mainly used for high-precision and high-stability constant-temperature, constant-humidity and constant-oxygen environment control in the edible mushroom experiment square cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of edible fungi cultivation technology, and in particular to a multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method and system for an edible fungi experimental container. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of environmental control technology for experimental mushroom cabins, existing solutions generally suffer from the problem of independent control of environmental parameters and lack of coordinated linkage, which leads to fluctuations in temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration, making it difficult to maintain a steady state. The fresh air system is usually a single air supply mode and fails to achieve intelligent linkage with the carbon dioxide concentration and temperature inside the cabin, resulting in high energy consumption and low regulation efficiency. At the same time, humidity control lacks time-adaptive function and cannot meet the differentiated humidity requirements of different types of experimental materials. In addition, the cabin supplementary lighting system also lacks precise time-time control, resulting in significant energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method and system for edible fungi experimental cabins, which solves the problem that the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide parameters in the existing edible fungi cabin environmental control are mutually interfered with each other due to independent adjustment, and thus cannot achieve collaborative stability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method for an edible fungi experimental container, comprising the following steps: It monitors the outside air temperature as well as the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in each chamber, and each chamber is set with constant temperature, constant humidity and constant carbon dioxide concentration values. When the temperature inside any experimental chamber is detected to be higher than the constant temperature value, the fan coil unit inside that chamber is automatically activated to cool it down. When the temperature inside any experimental cabin is detected to be lower than its set value, the system automatically controls the heating of fresh air and sends the heated fresh air into the cabin to raise the temperature. When the humidity in any experimental chamber is detected to be lower than the constant humidity value, the humidifier in that chamber is automatically activated; when the humidity in the chamber is detected to reach the constant humidity value, the humidifier is automatically stopped, and the fresh air passage of that chamber is automatically opened to introduce fresh air. When the carbon dioxide concentration in any experimental cabin is detected to be higher than the set standard value, the automatic control will open the fresh air passage of that cabin to introduce fresh air. Specifically, before introducing fresh air during the fresh air introduction process, the fresh air is automatically heated or cooled based on the comparison between the external air temperature and the temperature set inside the cabin, so that the temperature of the fresh air delivered into the cabin is adapted to the constant temperature value set inside the cabin. When heating or cooling the fresh air, the heating power or cooling intensity is dynamically adjusted using a PID self-tuning method based on the real-time temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the constant temperature value inside the cabin. When performing any of the following adjustment actions—cooling, heating, or carbon dioxide concentration adjustment—compensation control on other affected environmental parameters is performed simultaneously. Finally, the fresh air volume is dynamically allocated.

[0005] Furthermore, the compensation control specifically includes; When the cooling adjustment is performed, the output of the humidifier in the cabin is simultaneously reduced or paused. When the temperature adjustment is performed, the output of the humidifier in the cabin is simultaneously activated or increased. When the carbon dioxide concentration adjustment is performed, the operating status of the fan coil unit and / or the humidifier in the cabin is simultaneously adjusted based on the real-time temperature and humidity data of the introduced fresh air.

[0006] Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment of heating power or cooling intensity specifically means that the larger the absolute value of the real-time temperature difference, the greater the adjusted heating power or cooling intensity; the smaller the absolute value of the real-time temperature difference, the smaller the adjusted heating power or cooling intensity.

[0007] Furthermore, based on the real-time temperature and carbon dioxide concentration data monitored in each cabin, the proportion of constant-temperature fresh air allocated to each cabin is dynamically adjusted.

[0008] Furthermore, each cabin has a preset independent lighting period, and the lighting equipment in that cabin is automatically controlled to start and stop during the lighting period.

[0009] A multi-parameter collaborative environmental control system for an edible fungi experimental cabin to implement the above method, comprising a fresh air supply unit; The fresh air supply unit includes a fresh air box, a valve, a fan, a heater, a surface cooler, an electric valve for controlling the refrigerant flow of the surface cooler, an external temperature sensor for detecting the outside air temperature, and an internal temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the treated fresh air. The cabin environment control unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a cabin fan coil unit, a humidifier, and a cabin air valve in each cabin. The cabin air valve and the cabin fan coil unit are connected in series to form a fresh air inlet branch, which is connected to the fresh air box. An air volume distribution unit is connected to the fresh air box and has multiple independently controllable air outlets for receiving and distributing the constant temperature fresh air. The main controller is communicatively connected to the external temperature sensor, internal temperature sensor, heater, electric valve, fresh air box, and the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration sensor, internal fan coil unit, humidifier, internal air valve and actuator in each compartment.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent supplementary lighting unit, which includes a light strip and a time period control module. The time period control module is configured in the main controller and is used to control the supplementary lighting fixture to start and stop within a preset time period.

[0011] Furthermore, when the CO2 concentration exceeds the preset value, the main controller starts the equipment in the following order: first, start the cabin air valve, then start the cabin air fan, and finally start the fresh air box to introduce fresh air.

[0012] Furthermore, when CO 2浓度 When the temperature drops back to the preset value, the main controller shuts down the equipment in the following order: first, close the in-cabin fan coil unit; then, close the in-cabin air valve; and finally, close the fresh air box.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By pre-treating the external fresh air to match the target temperature inside the cabin, the system ensures stable temperature for all introduced air, fundamentally eliminating the direct impact of fresh air on the constant temperature environment inside the cabin. Building upon this, the system innovatively establishes an active compensation mechanism between parameters: when the fan coil unit is activated for cooling, the humidification output is simultaneously reduced to offset the natural increase in humidity caused by air cooling; when hot fresh air is introduced for heating, the humidification output is simultaneously increased to compensate for the decrease in humidity caused by air heating and the introduction of dry fresh air; specifically, when introducing fresh air to reduce carbon dioxide concentration, the humidifier inside the cabin is simultaneously adjusted in reverse based on the real-time humidity of the external air, directly counteracting the interference of fresh air humidity on the constant humidity environment inside the cabin. This series of closed-loop collaborative compensation logics ensures that the adjustment of temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration are no longer independent actions that interfere with each other, but rather a coordinated and interconnected process, thus achieving ultra-stable control of the cabin environment at the system level. Simultaneously, the system dynamically allocates the total fresh air volume by collecting environmental data from each cabin, ensuring precise matching of energy supply with the actual needs of each cabin and avoiding energy waste under constant airflow. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control system of the edible fungi experimental cabin has achieved long-term, high-precision maintenance of constant temperature, constant humidity and clean air environment in the edible fungi experimental cabin without human intervention, which significantly improves the stability, energy efficiency and intelligence level of environmental control. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of multi-parameter collaborative environmental control for an edible fungi experimental container according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the cabin control configuration of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the edible fungus experimental cabin and its fresh air supply unit according to the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Fresh air box; 11. Fan; 12. Heater; 13. Surface cooler; 2. In-cabin air coil; 3. In-cabin air valve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments may be combined or substituted with each other according to actual circumstances, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this invention provides a multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method and system for an edible fungi experimental cabin. First, a main experimental cabin is constructed, its internal space divided into multiple independent cultivation chambers (e.g., six). Each cultivation chamber is used for independent fungal experiments and must have independent environmental control capabilities. To meet the ventilation needs of all chambers, a centralized fresh air supply unit is installed outside the main experimental cabin. This unit is an independent fresh air supply box 1, internally equipped with a heater 12, a surface cooler 13, an electric regulating valve controlling the refrigerant flow of the surface cooler 13, an external temperature sensor for detecting outdoor air temperature, and a supply air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the treated air. The outlet of the fresh air supply box 1 is connected via a main air duct to an airflow distribution box installed inside the main cabin or in the technical mezzanine. The air supply box has multiple outlet branch pipes, each controlled by a valve and connected to a pre-set fresh air inlet on the top or side wall of a cultivation chamber. Thus, external air, after being centrally treated by the fresh air supply box 1, can be distributed to each chamber as needed.

[0020] Inside each cultivation chamber, various sensors and actuators necessary for environmental control are installed. Temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration sensors are installed at appropriate locations within the chamber to monitor key environmental parameters in real time. For temperature control, a fan coil unit is installed, and cooling is achieved by controlling the chamber's air valve 3. For humidity control, a humidifier, such as an ultrasonic or electrode humidifier, is installed, and its operation and power are controlled to increase the humidity inside the chamber. To introduce treated fresh air from outside, each chamber is connected to a fresh air inlet duct. This duct is connected in series with the chamber's air valve 3 and the chamber's fan 11. One end of the duct connects to the corresponding fresh air branch pipe from the air box, and the other end leads to the upper space inside the chamber. This branch pipe is specifically designed to actively introduce treated air from the external fresh air box 1 into the chamber when needed.

[0021] All the aforementioned sensors, including those on the external fresh air intake box 1 and the actuators, including the heater 12 and electric valves inside the fresh air intake box 1, the air valves inside the box, and the fan coil water valves, humidifiers, air valves, and fans 11 in each compartment, are connected to a central controller, PLC, or dedicated control computer via cables or an Ethernet communication bus. The central controller is the brain of the entire system; it processes all sensor data according to preset program logic and issues control commands to each actuator.

[0022] The PLC control logic is configured as follows: Thermostatic control logic: preset cabin temperature value, upper temperature limit, and lower temperature limit. Specifically, the upper temperature limit is set to 27℃ and the lower temperature limit is set to 23℃.

[0023] When the temperature inside the cabin exceeds the upper limit, the PLC controls the electric valve of the fan coil unit to open, and the fan coil unit starts to cool down; when the temperature drops back to the constant temperature value, the electric valve of the fan coil unit closes.

[0024] When the cabin temperature is below the lower limit, the PLC triggers a low temperature alarm; after troubleshooting the electric valve, fresh air can be manually turned on to assist in heating.

[0025] Humidity control logic: The system presets the constant humidity value, upper limit humidity value, and lower limit humidity value, and sets the humidification period. Specifically, the constant humidity value is set to 50%RH, the upper limit is 60%RH, the lower limit is 40%RH, and the humidification period is set from 9:00 to 17:00.

[0026] When the humidity inside the chamber is below the lower limit, the PLC starts the humidifier; when the humidity rises to the constant value, the humidifier stops.

[0027] When the humidity inside the chamber exceeds the upper limit, the PLC shuts off the humidifier.

[0028] The humidification start and stop periods can be set via a time-based control module to adapt to the varying humidity requirements of experimental materials. If the humidity is below 40%RH between 9:00 and 17:00, the system will automatically start the humidifier.

[0029] Carbon dioxide concentration control logic: The preset standard value of carbon dioxide concentration in the cabin is set to 1000ppm in actual implementation.

[0030] When the concentration is greater than the standard value, the PLC starts the equipment in the order of "indoor air valve 3 → indoor air coil 2 → fresh air box 1" to introduce fresh air.

[0031] When the concentration drops back to the standard value, the PLC shuts down the equipment in the order of "in-cabin air coil 2 → in-cabin air valve 3 → fresh air box 1".

[0032] The fresh air system has a total air volume of 2000 m³ / h, which supplies air to 6 cabins, and a preset target temperature for fresh air.

[0033] When the external temperature is lower than the target temperature for fresh air, the PLC starts the heater 12 and uses data feedback from the internal temperature monitoring module to control the heating power with PID self-tuning to maintain a constant temperature for the fresh air. For example, when the external temperature is 20°C, the heater 12 is started and the supply air temperature is maintained at 25°C through PID control.

[0034] When the external temperature is greater than the target temperature of the fresh air, the PLC starts the electric valve of the surface cooler 13, and uses the data fed back by the internal temperature monitoring module to control the opening of the refrigerant with PID self-tuning to maintain a constant temperature of the fresh air.

[0035] The air box system collects temperature and carbon dioxide concentration data from the six compartments via Ethernet, dynamically allocates fresh air volume, and distributes the total air volume of 2000 m³ / h according to the real-time needs of each compartment.

[0036] Intelligent supplementary lighting control logic: The light strip's start and stop times are preset via a time-period control module, and the PLC automatically controls the light strip's on and off according to the preset time periods. In this embodiment, the light strip automatically turns on at 8:00 and automatically turns off at 18:00.

[0037] Fresh air temperature pretreatment. In this invention, regardless of whether the fresh air needs to be regulated for temperature or CO2 before being supplied to the chamber, it must first undergo temperature pretreatment. The central controller PLC continuously reads the values ​​from the external temperature sensor and compares them with the target constant temperature value set inside the cultivation chamber. If the external temperature is lower than the set value, the controller activates the heater 12 inside the fresh air box 1 and begins reading the values ​​from the supply air temperature sensor. By inputting the deviation between the supply air temperature and the set target temperature into a PID self-tuning control algorithm, the algorithm dynamically calculates the optimal heating power and outputs a control signal, so that the supply air temperature is quickly and stably maintained at the set target value. Conversely, if the external temperature is higher than the set value, the controller opens the electric regulating valve to activate the surface cooler 13, and also adjusts the valve opening according to the PID feedback control of the supply air temperature, thereby precisely controlling the cooling intensity and achieving constant supply air temperature. This step ensures that the temperature of the fresh air supplied to any chamber is consistent with the target temperature inside the chamber in any season, avoiding the fresh air itself becoming a source of temperature interference.

[0038] Independent control and trigger-based collaborative compensation of the cabin environment: The central controller of the start-up fan independently monitors and controls three parameters of each cabin, and automatically triggers compensation actions for other parameters when any parameter is adjusted.

[0039] Temperature control and humidity compensation: When the temperature sensor in a compartment detects that the temperature exceeds the upper limit (e.g., 27°C), the controller opens the cold water valve of the air handling unit in that compartment to initiate cooling. Simultaneously, the coordinated compensation logic triggers: the controller sends a command to the humidifier in that compartment to reduce its output power or temporarily shut it off. This operation anticipates and counteracts the physical effect of the relative humidity naturally increasing after the air cools, preventing a situation where "the temperature drops, but the humidity exceeds the standard." When the temperature inside the compartment is below the lower limit (e.g., 23°C), the controller sends a command to the airflow distribution box to increase the opening of the fresh air branch duct valve leading to that compartment and ensures that the fresh air supply unit provides sufficient constant-temperature fresh air in heating mode, thereby warming the compartment. Simultaneously, the coordinated compensation logic triggers: the controller starts or increases the output of the humidifier in that compartment. This compensates for two factors: first, the relative humidity decreases after the air is heated; second, the introduced outdoor fresh air may be relatively dry. By pre-humidifying, the humidity inside the compartment can be stabilized.

[0040] Humidity control: When the humidity sensor in a certain compartment detects that the humidity is below the set lower limit (e.g., 40% RH), and the system time is within the preset humidification period for that compartment (e.g., 9:00-17:00), the controller will start the humidifier in that compartment. It will stop once the humidity target is reached. This control is independent but will accept compensation commands triggered by the temperature control mentioned above.

[0041] Carbon dioxide concentration control and humidity compensation: When the carbon dioxide concentration sensor in a certain compartment detects a concentration exceeding the standard (e.g., 1000 ppm), the controller executes a sequential linkage operation: First, it opens the in-chamber air valve 3 on the fresh air introduction branch of that compartment, then activates the fan coil unit, and simultaneously instructs the air volume distribution box to increase the air volume supply to that branch. The introduced air is the constant-temperature fresh air that has undergone the first step of treatment. Crucially, during this fresh air introduction process, the collaborative compensation logic immediately activates: the controller reads the data from the external humidity sensor installed at the inlet of the fresh air supply unit and compares it with the humidity setpoint for that compartment. If the outside air is drier, the humidifier in that compartment is simultaneously activated or its power increased while the fan coil unit is activated to actively counteract the dehumidification effect of the dry fresh air. If the outside air is more humid, the humidifier is simultaneously shut off or dehumidification is prepared to start (e.g., linked to the fan coil unit for dehumidification) to prevent excessive humidity inside the compartment. This mechanism directly solves the biggest collateral interference during simple ventilation—humidity fluctuations.

[0042] This function is independent of environmental parameter control but is managed by a single PLC. The PLC's internal time-segment control module independently determines the preset lighting time for each compartment (e.g., Compartment 1: 8:00-18:00, Compartment 2: 9:00-19:00) based on its system clock. When the time reaches the designated opening time for a compartment, the PLC's digital output directly drives the power circuit of the supplementary lighting strip in that compartment to be turned on; when the closing time is reached, it is turned off. This process is fully automatic, achieving precise and energy-efficient lighting management.

[0043] To achieve dynamic airflow distribution, the PLC continuously acquires real-time temperature and carbon dioxide concentration data from each compartment via Ethernet. The PLC's pre-set distribution algorithm dynamically calculates and issues adjustment commands to the opening of each branch duct's dampers based on the deviation between the data from each compartment and the set values. For example, for compartments with momentary high temperatures or rapidly rising carbon dioxide concentrations, the fresh air distribution ratio is temporarily increased; for compartments with stable conditions, it is appropriately reduced. This achieves on-demand, efficient distribution of total fresh air among the compartments, improving the overall system energy efficiency. The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method for an edible fungi experimental container, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: It monitors the outside air temperature as well as the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in each chamber, and each chamber is set with constant temperature, constant humidity and constant carbon dioxide concentration values. When the temperature inside any experimental chamber is detected to be higher than the constant temperature value, the fan coil unit inside that chamber is automatically activated to cool it down. When the temperature inside any experimental cabin is detected to be lower than its set value, the system automatically controls the heating of fresh air and sends the heated fresh air into the cabin to raise the temperature. When the humidity in any experimental chamber is detected to be lower than the constant humidity value, the humidifier in that chamber is automatically activated; when the humidity in the chamber is detected to reach the constant humidity value, the humidifier is automatically stopped, and the fresh air passage of that chamber is automatically opened to introduce fresh air. When the carbon dioxide concentration in any experimental cabin is detected to be higher than the set standard value, the automatic control will open the fresh air passage of that cabin to introduce fresh air. Specifically, before introducing fresh air during the fresh air introduction process, the fresh air is automatically heated or cooled based on the comparison between the external air temperature and the temperature set inside the cabin, so that the temperature of the fresh air delivered into the cabin is adapted to the constant temperature value set inside the cabin. When heating or cooling the fresh air, the heating power or cooling intensity is dynamically adjusted using a PID self-tuning method based on the real-time temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the constant temperature value inside the cabin. When performing any of the following adjustment actions—cooling, heating, or carbon dioxide concentration adjustment—compensation control on other affected environmental parameters is performed simultaneously. Finally, the fresh air volume is dynamically allocated.

2. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method for the edible fungi experimental cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation control specifically includes; When the cooling adjustment is performed, the output of the humidifier in the cabin is simultaneously reduced or paused. When the temperature adjustment is performed, the output of the humidifier in the cabin is simultaneously activated or increased. When the carbon dioxide concentration adjustment is performed, the operating status of the fan coil unit and / or the humidifier in the cabin is simultaneously adjusted based on the real-time temperature and humidity data of the introduced fresh air.

3. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method for the edible fungi experimental cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment of heating power or cooling intensity specifically means that the larger the absolute value of the real-time temperature difference, the greater the adjusted heating power or cooling intensity; the smaller the absolute value of the real-time temperature difference, the smaller the adjusted heating power or cooling intensity.

4. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method for the edible fungi experimental cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the real-time temperature and carbon dioxide concentration data monitored in each cabin, the air volume ratio of the constant-temperature fresh air distributed to each cabin is dynamically adjusted.

5. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control method for the edible fungi experimental cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each cabin has a preset independent lighting period, and the lighting equipment in that cabin is automatically controlled to start and stop during the lighting period.

6. A multi-parameter collaborative environmental control system for an edible fungi experimental container used to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: The fresh air supply unit includes a fresh air box, a valve, a fan, a heater, a surface cooler, an electric valve for controlling the refrigerant flow of the surface cooler, an external temperature sensor for detecting the outside air temperature, and an internal temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the treated fresh air. The cabin environment control unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a cabin fan coil unit, a humidifier, and a cabin air valve in each cabin. The cabin air valve and the cabin fan coil unit are connected in series to form a fresh air inlet branch, which is connected to the fresh air box. An air volume distribution unit is connected to the fresh air box and has multiple independently controllable air outlets for receiving and distributing the constant temperature fresh air. The main controller is communicatively connected to the external temperature sensor, internal temperature sensor, heater, electric valve, fresh air box, and the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration sensor, internal fan coil unit, humidifier, internal air valve and actuator in each compartment.

7. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control system for edible fungi experimental cabins according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent supplementary lighting unit, which includes a light strip and a time period control module. The time period control module is configured in the main controller and is used to control the supplementary lighting fixture to start and stop within a preset time period.

8. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control system for edible fungi experimental cabins according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the CO2 concentration exceeds the preset value, the main controller starts the equipment in the following order: first, start the cabin air valve, then start the cabin air fan, and finally start the fresh air box to introduce fresh air.

9. The multi-parameter collaborative environmental control system for edible fungi experimental cabins according to claim 8, characterized in that, When CO 2浓度 When the temperature drops back to the preset value, the main controller shuts down the equipment in the following order: first, close the in-cabin fan coil unit; then, close the in-cabin air valve; and finally, close the fresh air box.

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