Method and device for evaluating full-period stability of open pit coal mine slope

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for evaluating the full-period stability of an open pit coal mine slope, and relates to the technical field of coal mine open pit mining. The method comprises the steps of generating a slope deformation curve including a mapping relation between slope accumulated displacement and time based on deformation monitoring data of an open pit coal mine slope; generating a deformation rate curve including a mapping relation between the slope deformation rate and time based on the slope deformation curve, and determining a curve tangent angle corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve and a change characteristic thereof; determining the creep stage of the open pit coal mine slope based on the change characteristics of the curve tangent angle; and under the condition that the creep stage of the open pit coal mine slope is a deceleration creep stage, a constant-speed creep stage or a stable acceleration creep stage, performing stability evaluation by adopting the evaluation index and the stability evaluation mode matched with the creep stage of the open pit coal mine slope to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index value. According to the scheme, the accuracy of open pit coal mine slope stability evaluation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of open-pit coal mining technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the deformation of open-pit coal mine slopes is affected by a variety of factors, such as geological conditions, meteorological conditions, and engineering conditions. These factors include long-term stable factors (such as the properties of rock and soil), periodic changing factors (such as rainy season, freeze-thaw, etc.), as well as dynamic disturbance factors (such as blasting) and sudden factors (such as earthquakes). Existing theoretical evaluation models cannot fully consider the coupling effect of these factors, resulting in poor accuracy in the stability assessment of open-pit coal mine slopes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a method and apparatus for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes is provided, comprising: Obtain deformation monitoring data of open-pit coal mine slopes; Based on the deformation monitoring data, a slope deformation curve is generated, which includes the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time. Based on the slope deformation curve, a deformation rate curve is generated that includes the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time. The curve tangent angle corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve and the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle are determined. The creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle; the creep stage includes deceleration creep stage, uniform creep stage, stable accelerated creep stage and unstable accelerated creep stage. When the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is a decelerating creep stage, a uniform creep stage, or a stable accelerating creep stage, a stability assessment is conducted using assessment indicators and stability assessment methods that match the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope to obtain a comprehensive assessment index value. The assessment indicators include dynamic assessment indicators and static assessment indicators. The stability assessment methods include long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation, and short-term evaluation.

[0005] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a device for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes is provided, comprising: The acquisition unit is used to acquire deformation monitoring data of open-pit coal mine slopes; The generation unit is used to generate a slope deformation curve based on the deformation monitoring data, including the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time. The first determining unit is used to generate a deformation rate curve based on the slope deformation curve, including the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time, and to determine the curve tangent angle corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve, as well as the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle. The second determining unit is used to determine the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle; the creep stage includes a deceleration creep stage, a uniform creep stage, a stable accelerated creep stage, and an unstable accelerated creep stage. The evaluation unit is used to conduct a stability evaluation using evaluation indicators and stability evaluation methods that match the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and obtain a comprehensive evaluation index value; the evaluation indicators include dynamic evaluation indicators and static evaluation indicators; the stability evaluation methods include long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation and short-term evaluation.

[0006] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0007] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0008] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0009] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: generating a slope deformation curve based on deformation monitoring data of open-pit coal mine slopes, including the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time; generating a deformation rate curve based on the slope deformation curve, including the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time, determining the tangent angle of the curve corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve, and the variation characteristics of the tangent angle; determining the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope based on the variation characteristics of the tangent angle; and, when the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is a decelerating creep stage, a uniform creep stage, or a stable accelerating creep stage, using an evaluation index and stability evaluation method matched to the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope to perform a stability evaluation, and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation index value. By utilizing the tangent angle of the slope deformation rate curve at different time points, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope can be determined. An assessment index and stability assessment method suitable for this creep stage can be selected to assess the stability of the slope. This achieves a refined and adaptive safety assessment of the entire life cycle of the open-pit coal mine slope, significantly improving the accuracy and timeliness of the stability assessment of the open-pit coal mine slope.

[0010] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for assessing the full-cycle stability of an open-pit coal mine slope according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating and warning the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes, as proposed in this embodiment.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating a full-cycle stability assessment device for open-pit coal mine slopes according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for a method of assessing the life-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0016] Figure Labels 301 - Acquisition unit; 302 - Generation unit; 303 - First determination unit; 304 - Second determination unit; 305 - Evaluation unit; 400 - Device; 402 - Processing component; 404 - Memory; 406 - Power component; 408 - Multimedia component; 410 - Audio component; 412 - I / O interface; 416 - Communication component; 420 - Processor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0018] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. The singular forms “a” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0019] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various information in embodiments of this disclosure, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of embodiments of this disclosure, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words “if” and “suppose” as used herein may be interpreted as “when”, “when”, or “in response to a determination”.

[0020] Furthermore, various forms of processes shown in the embodiments of this disclosure can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and no limitation is imposed herein.

[0021] It should be noted that the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, and disclosure of user personal information involved in the technical solution disclosed herein all comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 1As shown, it should be noted that the open-pit coal mine slope full-cycle stability assessment method of this disclosure is applied to the open-pit coal mine slope full-cycle stability assessment device. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps: Step 101: Obtain deformation monitoring data of open-pit coal mine slopes.

[0023] In one embodiment, deformation monitoring data may include slope displacement data collected at different time points and the time of collection for each slope displacement data.

[0024] In some embodiments, data cleaning can be performed on open-pit coal mine slope deformation monitoring data. First, the open-pit coal mine slope deformation monitoring data is resampled, transforming the massive monitoring data sampled at high frequency (seconds) into finer-grained low-frequency sampling (minutes, hours, days, etc.), reducing the data processing scale. Then, data cleaning methods such as interpolation, error correction, and filtering are used to address data missing, anomalies, and fluctuations. For data collected from different monitoring devices, the data format can be standardized before data cleaning. All these data cleaning methods can be automatically implemented by writing Python code.

[0025] Step 102: Generate a slope deformation curve based on deformation monitoring data, which includes the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time.

[0026] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the slope deformation curve can be smoothed to obtain a smoothed slope deformation curve.

[0027] Step 103: Generate a deformation rate curve based on the slope deformation curve, which includes the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time, and determine the curve tangent angle corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve, as well as the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle.

[0028] In one embodiment, a deformation rate curve, which includes the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time, can be generated based on the smoothed slope deformation curve.

[0029] As an example of a possible implementation, the instantaneous rate at each time point can be calculated by dividing the displacement difference between adjacent time points on the slope deformation curve by the time difference. Connecting all the instantaneous rates together yields a "deformation rate-time" curve, which is the aforementioned deformation rate curve.

[0030] It should be noted that the curve tangent angle is the angle between the tangent at a certain point on the deformation rate curve and the horizontal time axis.

[0031] As an example of a possible implementation, a very short time interval Δt can be taken on the rate curve, and the change in rate Δv during this time interval can be calculated. Then the tangent of the curve's tangent angle tan(θ) ≈ Δv / Δt. The curve's tangent angle θ = arctan(Δv / Δt) can then be obtained using the arctangent function.

[0032] In some embodiments, the change characteristics of the curve tangent angle may refer to the curve tangent angle continuously decreasing, or the curve tangent angle being within a preset angle range for a preset time period, or the curve tangent angle being greater than a first preset angle for a preset time period, or the curve tangent angle being greater than a second preset angle.

[0033] Step 104: Determine the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle.

[0034] The creep stage includes deceleration creep stage, uniform creep stage, stable accelerated creep stage, and unstable accelerated creep stage.

[0035] It should be noted that the tangent angle of the curve is a direct geometric representation of the "acceleration" of slope deformation, which can accurately reflect the dynamic process of slope deformation and thus correspond to different landslide risk levels. An increase in the tangent angle of the curve indicates an increase in the acceleration of slope deformation, while a decrease in the tangent angle indicates a decrease in the acceleration of slope deformation.

[0036] In some embodiments of this disclosure, step 104 may specifically include the following steps: When the tangent angle of the curve continues to decrease, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the deceleration creep stage. When the tangent angle of the curve is within the preset angle range for a preset time period, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the uniform creep stage. If the tangent angle of the curve is greater than the first preset angle within a preset time period and the tangent angle of the curve continues to increase, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the stable accelerated creep stage. When the tangent angle of the curve is greater than the second preset angle, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the unstable accelerated creep stage; the first preset angle is less than the second preset angle.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first preset angle can be 45°. That is, when the tangent angle of the curve is continuously greater than 45° and the tangent angle of the curve increases monotonically, the time period is the stable accelerated creep stage.

[0038] In some embodiments, the value range of the second preset angle can be 60°-70°. For example, when the tangent angle of the curve exceeds 70°, it is an unstable accelerated creep stage.

[0039] In some embodiments of this disclosure, after step 104, the method may further include the following steps: The creep stage of at least one neighborhood of an open-pit coal mine slope is determined based on deformation monitoring data collected from at least one monitoring point in the neighborhood of the open-pit coal mine slope. If, in at least one neighborhood, there is a predetermined number of creep stages that coincide with the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, a stability assessment is performed using an assessment index and stability assessment method that matches the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and a comprehensive assessment index value is obtained.

[0040] In one embodiment, the deformation monitoring data of the open-pit coal mine slope can be collected from a monitoring point on the open-pit coal mine slope. After determining the creep stage of the monitoring point, the same determination method can be used to determine the creep stage of at least one monitoring point in its neighborhood, thus obtaining the creep stage of at least one neighborhood. If there is a preset number of creep stages in the creep stages of at least one neighborhood that are consistent with the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, it indicates that the creep stage of the monitoring point is relatively reliable and accurate.

[0041] In one embodiment, the aforementioned preset quantity can be pre-set according to actual conditions, or it can be determined based on the total number of at least one monitoring point in the vicinity of the open-pit coal mine slope. For example, if 60% of the monitoring points in the vicinity correspond to the same creep stage as the open-pit coal mine slope, this is considered reliable in determining the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope. The next step is to perform a stability assessment using an assessment index and stability assessment method that matches the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and obtain a comprehensive assessment index value.

[0042] It is understandable that data from a single monitoring point may fluctuate abnormally due to accidental factors such as temporary equipment malfunctions, minor local disturbances (e.g., small rockfalls), or data transmission interference. Making decisions based solely on data from a single point (e.g., a point suddenly changing to "accelerated creep") is highly likely to lead to false alarms. This disclosure requires that multiple points within an area (e.g., more than 70% of the monitoring points) show the same creep trend before determining that the area has entered that stage. This effectively filters out single-point noise, making the diagnosis of the overall slope condition more reliable and accurate.

[0043] In some embodiments of this disclosure, if at least one neighboring region is in a creep stage where there is no preset number of creep stages that coincide with the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, that is, if the region that coincides with the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is in a small number or does not exist, it indicates that there may be a problem with the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope. Warning information can be output to prompt the user to find and solve the problem, or to promptly adopt other methods to conduct slope stability assessment.

[0044] It should be noted that the creep stage of at least one neighborhood can be determined by the creep stage determination method proposed in any embodiment of this disclosure, and will not be elaborated here.

[0045] Step 105: When the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is a decelerating creep stage, a uniform creep stage, or a stable accelerating creep stage, a stability assessment is conducted using an assessment index and a stability assessment method that matches the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and a comprehensive assessment index value is obtained.

[0046] The evaluation indicators include dynamic evaluation indicators and static evaluation indicators; the stability evaluation methods include long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation and short-term evaluation.

[0047] In some embodiments of this disclosure, step 105 may specifically include the following steps: When the creep stage is a decelerating creep stage, static evaluation indicators are used to conduct a long-term evaluation of open-pit coal mine slopes and calculate the comprehensive evaluation index value. When the creep stage is uniform creep stage, static evaluation indexes are used to conduct a mid-term evaluation of open-pit coal mine slopes to obtain comprehensive evaluation index values. When the creep stage is a stable accelerated creep stage, dynamic evaluation indicators are used to conduct a short-term evaluation of open-pit coal mine slopes to obtain comprehensive evaluation index values.

[0048] It should be noted that during the deceleration creep stage, the slope undergoes initial deformation and is self-adjusting and tending towards stability. This stability is long-term and is mainly determined by inherent, slowly changing "static" geological conditions. Therefore, the evaluation method can focus on the slope's geometry (such as slope height and slope angle) and the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and rock mass (such as internal friction angle and cohesion). These are the fundamental parameters that determine the slope's limit equilibrium capacity. By evaluating these indicators through fuzzy comprehensive analysis, a macro-level, strategic judgment can be made on the slope's "inherent stability" over the next few months to years, providing a basis for overall mine planning.

[0049] Furthermore, during the uniform creep stage, the slope is in a fragile equilibrium state, with deformation continuing but at a constant rate. This means that all long-term static factors are working together to maintain or weaken this equilibrium. Therefore, the evaluation method can more comprehensively consider all static factors. Groundwater indicators (such as water level) and geological structure indicators (such as rock mass GSI values) are added to the long-term evaluation indicators. Although these factors are relatively stable, they have a continuous impact on slope stability. The purpose of the mid-term evaluation is to monitor the health of this equilibrium state and determine whether it will deteriorate; the warning timescale can be from several weeks to several months.

[0050] Furthermore, during the stable accelerated creep stage, the risk of slope instability increases dramatically. Evaluation methods can incorporate dynamic indicators, such as real-time rainfall intensity and blasting vibration acceleration, in addition to considering all static factors. These dynamic factors are the direct triggers for disrupting the fragile balance of the slope and causing disasters. The purpose of short-term evaluation is to conduct pre-disaster assessments, shortening the warning timescale to several days or even hours, providing direct decision support for emergency responses (such as evacuation and work stoppages).

[0051] In this embodiment, when the creep stage of an open-pit coal mine slope is in a decelerating creep stage, a uniform creep stage, or a stable accelerating creep stage, a stability assessment is conducted using evaluation indicators and stability assessment methods that match the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope. This yields a comprehensive evaluation index value, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional single-model, one-size-fits-all approaches. Since the dominant factors for slope stability differ under different life cycles and risk states, matching the most relevant evaluation indicators makes the evaluation conclusions more consistent with the physical reality of slope evolution, significantly improving the accuracy of the analysis. Furthermore, traditional methods trigger alarms solely based on deformation rate exceeding a threshold, which is highly susceptible to false alarms due to local disturbances or equipment noise. This disclosure, through a dual verification of "creep stage judgment + corresponding factor evaluation," greatly reduces false alarms, making the system more reliable and easier to adopt and implement on-site.

[0052] In some embodiments of this disclosure, long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation, and short-term evaluation are all performed using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which includes: Step a1: Obtain the preset evaluation level of the evaluation indicators.

[0053] In one embodiment, the preset evaluation level may include "stable", "relatively stable", "less stable" and "unstable".

[0054] Step a2: For each evaluation indicator, use a normal membership function to calculate the membership degree of the measured value of the evaluation indicator corresponding to different preset evaluation levels.

[0055] In this embodiment of the disclosure, for each evaluation index (such as internal friction angle and slope height), its specific measured value is substituted into a preset normal membership function to obtain the membership degree of the measured value to each preset evaluation level. In this way, a certain measured value is transformed into a set of "compliance degree" distributions for different levels, which effectively solves the problems of fuzziness and uncertainty in index evaluation.

[0056] Understandably, in fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, "index membership degree" transforms a specific measured value (or survey score) into the degree of belonging to each evaluation level within the interval [0,1]. That is, it substitutes the measured value into the "membership function" to obtain a value between [0,1]. Commonly used membership functions include: rectangular functions, linear trapezoidal functions, sigmoid functions, and π-type functions.

[0057] Step a3: Based on the principle of minimum information entropy, the attribute weights and grade weights of the evaluation indicators are fused to obtain the comprehensive weight.

[0058] Among them, the attribute weights are calculated using the analytic hierarchy process and are used to characterize the importance of the evaluation indicators themselves, while the grade weights are calculated using the interval assignment method and are used to characterize the distinguishability of the evaluation indicators at different evaluation grades.

[0059] In one embodiment, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be used to quantify the importance of each evaluation indicator through expert scoring. An interval assignment method can be used to quantify the distinguishing ability of the same indicator at different levels.

[0060] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the principle of minimum information entropy is used to fuse the attribute weights and grade weights of the evaluation indicators to obtain a comprehensive weight, thereby ensuring that the final weight takes into account both expert experience (attribute weights) and conforms to the objective distribution law of data (grade weights), making the weight allocation more objective and reasonable.

[0061] Step a4: Based on membership degree and comprehensive weight, the fuzzy evaluation result is obtained through weighted calculation, and the fuzzy evaluation result is processed using the confidence degree identification principle to output the final stability level as the comprehensive evaluation index value.

[0062] In this embodiment, the membership degree (which may be a membership degree matrix) and the comprehensive weight are synthesized through a weighted calculation using fuzzy mathematics to obtain a fuzzy evaluation result. The fuzzy evaluation result is processed using a confidence level identification principle. A confidence level threshold (e.g., λ=0.7) is set, and the membership degree is accumulated starting from the optimal level (“stable”). When the accumulated sum first exceeds the threshold, the current level is used as the final output.

[0063] For example, if the fuzzy evaluation results are {Stable: 0.2, Relatively Stable: 0.3, Instable: 0.4, Unstable: 0.1}, and λ = 0.7, then starting from "Stable", the values ​​are accumulated as follows: 0.2 < 0.7; 0.2 + 0.3 = 0.5 < 0.7; 0.5 + 0.4 = 0.9 ≥ 0.7. Therefore, the final evaluation level is "Instable".

[0064] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: performing wide-range processing on the normal membership functions of the best and worst levels in the preset evaluation levels, so that the membership degrees of the best and worst levels are still between 0 and 1 when the measured values ​​exceed the preset threshold range.

[0065] It should be noted that, in fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the first and last levels (optimal and worst) often have boundary closure problems (i.e., after exceeding the optimal threshold, the membership degree jumps to 1, making it indistinguishable even if it is better, and after exceeding the worst threshold, the membership degree directly becomes 0, resulting in the loss of worse information), a semi-open "wide-domain tail" is added to each of these two levels to keep the membership degree 0 < μ < 1 in the extreme interval, thus preserving the distinguishability and avoiding hard truncation.

[0066] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: When the creep stage is an unstable accelerated creep stage, the slope deformation curve is input into the trained Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network model to obtain the curve trend prediction result output by the LSTM model based on the slope deformation curve. Obtain the predicted value of slope deformation from the curve trend prediction results, and output early warning information when the predicted value of slope deformation is greater than the preset deformation threshold.

[0067] In one embodiment, the early warning information may include an early warning level. The early warning level and early warning threshold (preset deformation threshold) can be determined by analyzing historical cases of slope spalling or sliding at the mine, combined with deformation monitoring data. Early warning indicators may include cumulative deformation value, deformation rate, and tangent angle. Early warning levels are divided into four levels: blue, yellow, orange, and red.

[0068] As an example of a possible implementation, the LSTM model can be trained using the following steps: determining the number of LSTM layers and the number of units in the parent layer; adding a Dense layer to process the data and output the prediction results, and adding a Dropout layer to prevent overfitting; selecting a loss function and optimizer, and compiling the model; dividing the monitored slope displacement data into training set data and validation set data according to a ratio (e.g., 70% and 30%), using the training set data to train the model, and repeatedly adjusting the model parameters using the validation set data until the optimal value is reached.

[0069] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when the slope enters the unstable accelerated creep stage, the deformation curve is predicted by using a pre-trained LSTM deep learning model, which can achieve advanced and accurate early warning of slope instability. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional alarms based on fixed thresholds, such as lag and false alarms. By predicting whether the future deformation value exceeds the threshold, the scientificity and reliability of the landslide warning are significantly improved, and the risk of disaster is greatly reduced.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the process begins with importing and cleaning slope monitoring data, followed by determining the creep stage of the slope curve. If it is determined to be decelerating creep deformation, a static factor analysis of slope stability is conducted, and a long-term evaluation of slope stability is performed. If it is stable creep deformation, a mid-term evaluation of slope stability is implemented through a static factor analysis of slope stability. If it is stable accelerating deformation, a short-term evaluation of slope stability is conducted by combining static and dynamic factor analyses of slope stability. If it does not belong to any of the above three creep stages, the process proceeds to the slope deformation and slippage curve prediction stage. Subsequently, a slope slippage warning is issued based on the slope slippage warning index threshold, clarifying the warning level and scope, and providing corresponding measures and suggestions, thus forming a complete slope stability assessment and risk response process.

[0071] According to the full-cycle stability assessment method for open-pit coal mine slopes proposed in this disclosure, a slope deformation curve is generated based on the deformation monitoring data of the open-pit coal mine slope, including the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time; a deformation rate curve is generated based on the slope deformation curve, including the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time; the tangent angle of the curve corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve is determined, as well as the variation characteristics of the tangent angle; the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined based on the variation characteristics of the tangent angle; when the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is a decelerating creep stage, a uniform creep stage, or a stable accelerating creep stage, a stability assessment is performed using an assessment index and stability assessment method that matches the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and a comprehensive assessment index value is obtained. By utilizing the tangent angle of the slope deformation rate curve at different time points, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope can be determined. An assessment index and stability assessment method suitable for this creep stage can be selected to assess the stability of the slope. This achieves a refined and adaptive safety assessment of the entire life cycle of the open-pit coal mine slope, significantly improving the accuracy and timeliness of the stability assessment of the open-pit coal mine slope.

[0072] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a full-cycle stability assessment device for open-pit coal mine slopes, according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The device includes an acquisition unit 301, a generation unit 302, a first determination unit 303, a second determination unit 304, and an evaluation unit 305.

[0073] Among them, the acquisition unit 301 is used to acquire deformation monitoring data of open-pit coal mine slopes; The generation unit 302 is used to generate a slope deformation curve based on deformation monitoring data, including the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time. The first determining unit 303 is used to generate a deformation rate curve based on the slope deformation curve, including the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time, and to determine the curve tangent angle corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve, as well as the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle. The second determining unit 304 is used to determine the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle; the creep stage includes deceleration creep stage, uniform creep stage, stable accelerated creep stage and unstable accelerated creep stage. The assessment unit 305 is used to conduct stability assessments using assessment indicators and stability assessment methods that match the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and to obtain comprehensive assessment index values. The assessment indicators include dynamic assessment indicators and static assessment indicators. The stability assessment methods include long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation and short-term evaluation.

[0074] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining unit 304 may specifically be used for: When the tangent angle of the curve continues to decrease, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the deceleration creep stage. When the tangent angle of the curve is within the preset angle range for a preset time period, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the uniform creep stage. If the tangent angle of the curve is greater than the first preset angle within a preset time period and the tangent angle of the curve continues to increase, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the stable accelerated creep stage. When the tangent angle of the curve is greater than the second preset angle, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the unstable accelerated creep stage; the first preset angle is less than the second preset angle.

[0075] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the apparatus may further include: The acquisition unit is also used to acquire the creep stage of at least one neighborhood of the open-pit coal mine slope; the creep stage of at least one neighborhood is determined based on the deformation monitoring data collected by at least one monitoring point in the neighborhood of the open-pit coal mine slope. The comparison unit is used to perform a stability assessment by using an assessment index and stability assessment method that matches the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, when at least one neighborhood has a preset number of creep stages that are consistent with the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and to obtain a comprehensive assessment index value.

[0076] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the evaluation unit 305 may specifically be used for: When the creep stage is a decelerating creep stage, static evaluation indicators are used to conduct a long-term evaluation of open-pit coal mine slopes and calculate the comprehensive evaluation index value. When the creep stage is uniform creep stage, static evaluation indexes are used to conduct a mid-term evaluation of open-pit coal mine slopes to obtain comprehensive evaluation index values. When the creep stage is a stable accelerated creep stage, dynamic evaluation indicators are used to conduct a short-term evaluation of open-pit coal mine slopes to obtain comprehensive evaluation index values.

[0077] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the apparatus may further include: The prediction unit is used to input the slope deformation curve into the trained Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network model when the creep stage is an unstable accelerated creep stage, and obtain the curve trend prediction result output by the LSTM model based on the slope deformation curve. The early warning unit is used to obtain the predicted value of slope deformation from the curve trend prediction results, and output early warning information when the predicted value of slope deformation is greater than the preset deformation threshold.

[0078] In some embodiments of this disclosure, long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation, and short-term evaluation are all performed using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The evaluation unit 305 can specifically be used for: Obtain the preset evaluation levels of the evaluation indicators; For each evaluation indicator, a normal membership function is used to calculate the membership degree of the measured value of the evaluation indicator corresponding to different preset evaluation levels; The attribute weights and grade weights of the evaluation indicators are integrated based on the principle of minimum information entropy to obtain the comprehensive weight. The attribute weights are calculated using the analytic hierarchy process and are used to characterize the importance of the evaluation indicators themselves. The grade weights are calculated using the interval assignment method and are used to characterize the distinguishability of the evaluation indicators at different evaluation levels. Based on membership degree and comprehensive weight, the fuzzy evaluation result is obtained through weighted calculation, and the confidence degree identification principle is used to process the fuzzy evaluation result, and the final stability level is output as the comprehensive evaluation index value.

[0079] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0080] According to the full-cycle stability assessment device for open-pit coal mine slopes proposed in this embodiment, a slope deformation curve is generated based on the deformation monitoring data of the open-pit coal mine slope, including the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time; a deformation rate curve is generated based on the slope deformation curve, including the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time; the tangent angle of the curve corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve is determined, as well as the change characteristics of the tangent angle; the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined based on the change characteristics of the tangent angle; when the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is a decelerating creep stage, a uniform creep stage, or a stable accelerating creep stage, a stability assessment is performed using an assessment index and stability assessment method that matches the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and a comprehensive assessment index value is obtained. By utilizing the tangent angle of the slope deformation rate curve at different time points, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope can be determined. An assessment index and stability assessment method suitable for this creep stage can be selected to assess the stability of the slope. This achieves a refined and adaptive safety assessment of the entire life cycle of the open-pit coal mine slope, significantly improving the accuracy and timeliness of the stability assessment of the open-pit coal mine slope.

[0081] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for a method of assessing the life-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, apparatus 400 may be an electronic device, such as a mobile phone, computer, digital broadcasting terminal, messaging device, tablet device, medical device, personal digital assistant, etc.

[0082] Reference Figure 4 The device 400 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 402, a memory 404, a power component 406, a multimedia component 408, an audio component 410, an input / output (I / O) interface 412, a sensor component 414, and a communication component 416.

[0083] Processing component 402 typically controls the overall operation of device 400, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording. Processing component 402 may include one or more processors 420 to execute instructions to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described above. Furthermore, processing component 402 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 402 and other components. For example, processing component 402 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 408 and processing component 402.

[0084] Memory 404 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of device 400. Examples of this data include instructions for any application or method operating on device 400, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. Memory 404 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0085] The power supply component 406 provides power to the various components of the device 400. The power supply component 406 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the device 400.

[0086] Multimedia component 408 includes a screen that provides an output interface between device 400 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of touch or swipe actions but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation. In some embodiments, multimedia component 408 includes a front-facing camera and / or a rear-facing camera. When device 400 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front-facing camera and / or rear-facing camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.

[0087] Audio component 410 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 410 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when device 400 is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 404 or transmitted via communication component 416. In some embodiments, audio component 410 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0088] I / O interface 412 provides an interface between processing component 402 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, start buttons, and lock buttons.

[0089] Sensor assembly 414 includes one or more sensors for providing state assessments of various aspects of device 400. For example, sensor assembly 414 may detect the on / off state of device 400, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of device 400, changes in the position of device 400 or a component of device 400, the presence or absence of user contact with device 400, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of device 400, and temperature changes of device 400. Sensor assembly 414 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 414 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 414 may also include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0090] Communication component 416 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between device 400 and other devices. Device 400 can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 2G, or 3G, or combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 416 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 416 also includes a near-field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 400 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the methods described above.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 404 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 420 of the device 400 to perform the above-described method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that implements the above-described method when executed by the processor 420 of the device 400.

[0094] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0095] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes, characterized in that, include: Obtain deformation monitoring data of open-pit coal mine slopes; Based on the deformation monitoring data, a slope deformation curve is generated, which includes the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time. Based on the slope deformation curve, a deformation rate curve is generated that includes the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time. The tangent angle of the curve at each time point in the deformation rate curve is determined, as well as the variation characteristics of the tangent angle. The creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle; the creep stage includes deceleration creep stage, uniform creep stage, stable accelerated creep stage and unstable accelerated creep stage. When the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is a decelerating creep stage, a uniform creep stage, or a stable accelerating creep stage, a stability assessment is conducted using assessment indicators and stability assessment methods that match the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope to obtain a comprehensive assessment index value. The assessment indicators include dynamic assessment indicators and static assessment indicators. The stability assessment methods include long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation, and short-term evaluation.

2. The method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle includes: When the tangent angle of the curve continues to decrease, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the deceleration creep stage; If the tangent angle of the curve is within a preset angle range for a preset time period, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the uniform creep stage. If the tangent angle of the curve is greater than the first preset angle within a preset time period and the tangent angle of the curve continues to increase, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be the stable accelerated creep stage. When the tangent angle of the curve is greater than the second preset angle, the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined to be an unstable accelerated creep stage; the first preset angle is less than the second preset angle.

3. The method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle, the method further includes: The creep stage of at least one neighborhood of the open-pit coal mine slope is determined based on deformation monitoring data collected from at least one monitoring point in the neighborhood of the open-pit coal mine slope. If a predetermined number of creep stages in the at least one neighborhood are consistent with the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, the step of performing a stability assessment using an assessment index and stability assessment method that matches the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope is executed to obtain a comprehensive assessment index value.

4. The method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stability assessment is conducted using evaluation indicators and stability assessment methods that match the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, resulting in a comprehensive evaluation index value, including: When the creep stage is a decelerating creep stage, a static evaluation index is used to conduct a long-term evaluation of the open-pit coal mine slope, and a comprehensive evaluation index value is calculated. When the creep stage is a uniform creep stage, a mid-term evaluation of the open-pit coal mine slope is conducted using static evaluation indicators to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index value. When the creep stage is a stable accelerated creep stage, a dynamic evaluation index is used to conduct a short-term evaluation of the open-pit coal mine slope to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index value.

5. The method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes: When the creep stage is an unstable accelerated creep stage, the slope deformation curve is input into the trained Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network model to obtain the curve trend prediction result output by the LSTM model based on the slope deformation curve. Obtain the predicted slope deformation value from the curve trend prediction result, and output an early warning message if the predicted slope deformation value is greater than the preset deformation threshold.

6. The method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The long-term, medium-term, and short-term evaluations are all conducted using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which includes: Obtain the preset evaluation level of the evaluation index; For each evaluation indicator, a normal membership function is used to calculate the membership degree of the measured value of the evaluation indicator corresponding to different preset evaluation levels; The attribute weights and grade weights of the evaluation indicators are integrated based on the principle of minimum information entropy to obtain a comprehensive weight. The attribute weights are calculated using the analytic hierarchy process and are used to characterize the importance of the evaluation indicators themselves. The grade weights are calculated using the interval assignment method and are used to characterize the distinguishability of the evaluation indicators at different evaluation levels. Based on the membership degree and the comprehensive weight, a fuzzy evaluation result is obtained through weighted calculation, and the fuzzy evaluation result is processed using the confidence recognition principle to output the final stability level as the comprehensive evaluation index value.

7. The method for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The static indicators include any one or more of the following: slope geometric morphology indicators, soil and rock physical and mechanical indicators, groundwater indicators, and geological structure indicators; the dynamic indicators include any one or more of the following: rainfall indicators and engineering disturbance indicators.

8. A device for assessing the full-cycle stability of open-pit coal mine slopes, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to acquire deformation monitoring data of open-pit coal mine slopes; The generation unit is used to generate a slope deformation curve based on the deformation monitoring data, including the mapping relationship between the cumulative displacement of the slope and time. The first determining unit is used to generate a deformation rate curve based on the slope deformation curve, including the mapping relationship between the slope deformation rate and time, and to determine the curve tangent angle corresponding to each time point in the deformation rate curve, as well as the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle. The second determining unit is used to determine the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope based on the variation characteristics of the curve tangent angle; the creep stage includes a deceleration creep stage, a uniform creep stage, a stable accelerated creep stage, and an unstable accelerated creep stage. The evaluation unit is used to conduct a stability evaluation using evaluation indicators and stability evaluation methods that match the creep stage of the open-pit coal mine slope, and obtain a comprehensive evaluation index value; the evaluation indicators include dynamic evaluation indicators and static evaluation indicators; the stability evaluation methods include long-term evaluation, medium-term evaluation and short-term evaluation.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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