Connection device for connecting two conductors in contact-protected manner

Abstract

The invention relates to a first connection device for electrically connecting a first conductor, which is associated with the first connection device, to a second conductor, which is associated with the second connection device, the first connection device comprises a first conductor, an electrically insulating protective cover for insulating the first conductor, an electrically conductive coupling part for electrically coupling the first conductor to the second conductor, and a spacing device. The spacing device is switchable between a base state, in which the coupling part and the first conductor are spaced apart from each other, and a contact state, in which the coupling part and the first conductor are in electrical contact. In the base state, the distance device is designed to be switched into the contact state under the action of a connecting force, and in the contact state, the distance device is designed to be switched into the base state under the action of a separating force. The invention also relates to a second connection device and a drive battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a first connection device and a second connection device for a drive battery, the first connection device and the second connection device being used to electrically connect a first conductor and a second conductor. Furthermore, this invention also relates to a drive battery for an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In order to interconnect electrical components, especially individual cells or battery modules, in drive batteries used in electric vehicles, it is known to connect individual cells, modules, or other electrical components directly or via busbars. This is typically achieved using releasable connections, such as threaded connections. To protect assembly workers from electric shock or health risks due to contact with electrical components, it is known to provide electrically insulating contact protection, especially for components that conduct voltage or their interfaces.

[0003] Components subject to pilot voltage can be, for example, busbars, or battery module connections. In high-voltage systems (>60V), compliance with contact protection (e.g., according to IPXXB) is crucial for operational safety. This contact protection is typically required not only before but also after the connection interface. For example, a contact protection requirement might be specified that the so-called test finger or standard finger should not reach components subject to pilot voltage. Additionally, a contact protection requirement might be specified that components accessible by this type of standard finger are electrically insulated.

[0004] The interfaces or connection terminals of electrical components with contact protection can be found, for example, from DE 10 2014 017 081 A1, DE10 2014 012 320 B3, DE 10 2013 005 109 A1 and DE 10 2016 200 451 A1.

[0005] Conventional technical solutions are often highly complex, in the form of laboriously pre-assembled parts. This leads to high costs and can also negatively impact fail-safety and reliability. Furthermore, screws and nuts, which typically require plastic injection molding, are significantly more expensive than generic standard parts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on known prior art, the objective of this invention is to provide an improved connection device for electrically connecting a first conductor and a second conductor for a drive battery, and an improved drive battery for an electric vehicle.

[0007] This task is solved by a device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous extensions are derived from the dependent claims, the specification, and the drawings.

[0008] Accordingly, a first connection device for driving a battery is proposed, the first connection device being used to electrically connect a first conductor and a second conductor. The first conductor is associated with the first connection device, and the second conductor is associated with a second connection device. The first connection device includes a first conductor, an electrically insulating protective cover for insulating the first conductor, a conductive coupling member for electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor, and a spacing device. The spacing device is capable of switching between a base state and a contact state, in which the coupling member and the first conductor are spaced apart from each other, and in the contact state, the coupling member and the first conductor are in electrical contact. The spacing device is configured in the base state to switch to the contact state under the action of a connection force, and in the contact state to switch to the base state under the action of a separation force.

[0009] The currently disclosed connection devices are used to electrically connect a first (electrical) conductor to a second (electrical) conductor, and are particularly suitable for applications in high-voltage fields (>60V). The first or second conductor can be constructed, in particular, in the form of a so-called bus, stack, or conduction bus. Therefore, the first or second conductor can be constructed rigidly or flexibly, and can conduct high voltage or high current.

[0010] The first conductor is associated with the first connecting device in such a way that the first connecting device is, for example, fastened to the first conductor, or the first conductor is at least partially part of the first connecting device. The second conductor is associated with the second connecting device in such a way that the second connecting device is, for example, fastened to the second conductor, or the second conductor is at least partially part of the second connecting device. Therefore, the first connecting device can form a structural group with the first conductor, particularly a first assembly structural group. Similarly, the second connecting device can form a structural group with the second conductor, particularly a second assembly structural group.

[0011] The protective cover for insulating the first conductor can be made of plastic. Alternatively, the protective cover can be constructed in multiple parts, particularly to facilitate the accommodating and simultaneously insulating of the first conductor during pre-assembly, and optionally to accommodate and simultaneously insulate other components of the first connecting device. Alternatively, the protective cover can be constructed integrally or as a single piece. In this context, the cover or protective cover can be understood as any device for insulating electrical components, such as a partition, enclosure, injection-molded encapsulation, or covering of an electrical component.

[0012] According to this disclosure, the spacing device is configured to switch to a contact state under the action of a connecting force. The connecting force can be provided, in particular, during a mechanical connection process for connecting a second connecting device to a first connecting device, by engaging the second connecting device with the first connecting device such that the connecting force acts on the first connecting device at a corresponding engagement area. For this purpose, for example, a second conductor can abut against a coupling member, and a force flow can be realized from the assembly worker or their assembly tool via a second connecting device of the second connecting device to a first connecting device of the first connecting device corresponding to the second connecting device, or vice versa, causing the first and second connecting devices to move relative to each other. Since the second conductor can abut against the coupling member during the mechanical connection process, the coupling member can be loaded with a connecting force. Therefore, the coupling member can provide an area for the connecting force to act.

[0013] If the mechanical connection process has not yet begun, the first connection device remains in a basic state, in which the coupling components are spaced apart from the first conductor. In this way, effective contact protection can be provided before the mechanical connection process is implemented.

[0014] By using electrically insulated assembly tools, contact protection can be ensured throughout the connection process even when the assembly tools are in direct contact with the connecting elements.

[0015] Because the spacing device is configured to transition to a contact state under the action of a connecting force, in which the coupling component and the first conductor are in electrical contact, the first connecting device can establish an electrical connection between the first conductor and the second conductor via the coupling component during the mechanical connection process with the second connecting device. In this way, it can be ensured that the coupling component in contact with the second conductor is in electrical contact with the first conductor during the intentionally performed mechanical connection process.

[0016] Furthermore, during the process of this invention, it was discovered that, by means of the proposed spacing device, the size of the electrical contact surface between connected partners can be increased compared to conventional contact protection devices.

[0017] Because the additional spacing device is configured in the contact state to switch to the base state under the action of a separation force, in addition to the mechanical connection process, a corresponding loosening or separation process can also be ensured, in which the second connecting device is loosened or separated from the first connecting device again. That is, under the action of the separation force, the first connecting device changes from the contact state back to the base state. In the contact state, the first conductor is electrically connected to the second conductor by means of a coupling member, and in the base state, the coupling member is spaced apart from the first conductor by means of the spacing device. Therefore, in the re-occupied base state, the first conductor and the second conductor are no longer electrically connected, even though the second conductor was still against the coupling member during the corresponding mechanical loosening process.

[0018] In this way, reversible contact protection can be provided, which protects workers from electric shock not only during the mechanical connection process but also during the mechanical release process.

[0019] The separating force is a force opposite to the connecting force, used to loosen or separate the mechanical connection between the first and second connecting devices. This separating force can be provided, for example, by the first connecting device or by an operator. In the contact state, the connecting force is greater than the separating force, causing the first and second connecting devices to connect to each other. Once the connecting force becomes less than the separating force, for example due to loosening of the corresponding threaded connection, the spacing device can transition to the basic state.

[0020] In the current context, the spacing between the first conductor and the coupling component provided in the base state by means of a spacing device is also referred to as the base spacing. With the arrangement described above, during the system design process, the base spacing can be selected based on the high voltage set for the first or second conductor and the pre-defined cleanliness level of the first connection device. Furthermore, depending on the set lower / higher system voltage, a relatively smaller / relatively larger base spacing may be required accordingly. With the arrangement described above, during the system design process, a correspondingly larger / smaller base spacing can be selected in a particularly simple manner. In this way, the creepage distance for insulating the first conductor, especially the protective cover, can also be designed safely enough. Therefore, the creepage resistance and breakdown resistance of the first connection device can be improved.

[0021] Furthermore, the spacing device in the contact state can be configured to switch to the base state under the action of a separation force. For this purpose, the spacing device can be designed as an automatic mechanism to space the coupling component from the first conductor under the action of an automatically generated separation force. For example, the automatic mechanism can be provided in the form of a spring mechanism, a pneumatic mechanism, a magnetic mechanism, or a gravity-based mechanism. In this way, the separation force can be provided particularly easily.

[0022] In the case of a spring mechanism, the spacing device can have a spring device configured to be electrically insulated relative to the first conductor, wherein the spring device comprises a non-conductive material or is supported on a protective cover. In particular, the spring device can be supported on a protrusion of the protective cover, wherein the protrusion is arranged between the spring device and the first conductor. With the aid of a spring device, the spacing device can be constructed particularly robustly and simply.

[0023] Additionally, the spring device may include a non-conductive material, for example, the spring of the spring device is formed of a non-conductive material, or the spring or spring device may have a non-conductive or insulating coating applied to it.

[0024] Furthermore, the coupling member can be constructed in a sleeve shape and has at least one radial protrusion, particularly in the form of a radially protruding flange, configured for engagement with the spacing device. With the sleeve-shaped construction of the coupling member, the second connecting device of the second connecting device can be guided particularly easily through the sleeve-shaped coupling member for engagement with the first connecting device of the first connecting device. With the at least one radial protrusion, the coupling member and the spacing device can engage with each other particularly easily, allowing the spacing device to transition particularly robustly between a base state and a contact state. For example, the coupling member can have two or three separate radial protrusions or a circumferential flange as a radial protrusion. In this way, the engagement between the spacing device and the coupling member can be achieved particularly uniformly.

[0025] Additionally, the sleeve-shaped coupling member may have a height h between its lower and upper ends, and at least one radial protrusion, particularly a flange, may be arranged in a region between 25% and 99% of this height h. Therefore, space can be provided in the region below 25% of this height h for arranging the spacing device. Furthermore, near the upper end of the sleeve-shaped coupling member, i.e., at 50% to 99% of the height h, space can be provided for a retaining member and / or a guiding member used to retain or guide the coupling member.

[0026] Additionally, the first connecting device may have a guiding unit for guiding the movement of the coupling member during the transition between a base state and a contact state, wherein the guiding unit is arranged on the protective cover. In particular, the guiding unit may include a sleeve-shaped guiding element or at least two guiding segments. Furthermore, the guiding unit may be constructed to be electrically insulated. In particular, the guiding unit or components thereof may be arranged concentrically with the coupling member.

[0027] The guiding unit can at least partially cover or cover the coupling components in the form of an electrically insulating sleeve-shaped guiding element, and thus provide additional contact protection.

[0028] If the guiding unit includes at least two guiding sections, an anti-torsion structure can be provided to prevent the first and second connecting devices from twisting relative to each other. Furthermore, by asymmetrically arranging the guiding sections in the sense of the Poka-Yoke principle or key-lock principle, erroneous positions between the first and second connecting devices during the mechanical connection process can be avoided.

[0029] Additionally, the guide unit or its components may have limiting protrusions. For example, a sleeve-shaped guide element may have radial limiting protrusions, particularly in the form of an inner flange. Furthermore, at least two guide segments may have radial limiting protrusions, especially in an L-shaped configuration. The limiting protrusions may be positioned at a height above the radial protrusions of the coupling member to hold or support the coupling member. With the aid of the limiting protrusions, the coupling member can be held securely on the first connecting device in a way that prevents loss. Furthermore, with the aid of the limiting protrusions, the spacing device can be held securely on the first connecting device in a way that prevents loss.

[0030] According to one extension, the spring device may include a corrugated spring, a helical spring, or a set of spring elements. In particular, the spring device may be arranged concentrically with the coupling member. For example, the sleeve-shaped coupling member may be concentrically surrounded by a corrugated spring, which in turn is concentrically surrounded by guide units, particularly held in the form of at least two L-shaped guide sections. The guide units may be fastened to or integrally constructed with the protective cover. The spring device may be formed of a conductive material, particularly steel, and the protrusions of the protective cover are held electrically insulated relative to the first conductor. Alternatively, the spring device may include a compression spring, particularly in the form of a conical spring or an involute spring.

[0031] By using the arrangement according to the example above, steel can be selected as the spring material, so that the spring device can maintain its elasticity even under high connecting force loading or under high deformation. In this way, high connecting force can be achieved, enabling a particularly reliable mechanical and electrical connection between the first connecting device and the second connecting device.

[0032] Furthermore, in this way, the spring device can provide separation force in a particularly simple manner, allowing for a particularly reliable return to the base state, especially to protect workers from electric shock during the mechanical release process. Therefore, the reversibility of contact protection can be further improved.

[0033] Additionally, the first connecting device may have a first connecting element, which is in particular in the form of a threaded nut or a bayonet sleeve, for connecting in a detachable manner to a second connecting element belonging to the second connecting device.

[0034] Furthermore, the connection force can be greater than or equal to 5N. In the current case, the connection force is understood as the force generated or required to electrically connect the first connection unit and the second connection unit. For example, the connection force can be generated by tightening a threaded screw, which serves as the second connection device, with a threaded nut, which serves as the first connection device. Here, the screw head can apply the connection force to the second conductor, which, during the tightening process, contacts the coupling member and transmits the connection force to it. Of course, the connection force can have a variable, for example, gradual change curve during the connection process. However, if the connection force is less than 5N, the spacing device does not reduce the spacing between the coupling member and the first conductor as set in the basic state.

[0035] This method prevents workers from accidentally bringing the spacing device into contact by pressing the coupling component towards the first conductor with their body parts and applying a force greater than 5N. Simultaneously, during the system design process, the spring constant of the mechanical connections, especially threaded connections, can be selected without weakening them. Therefore, a robust connection can be provided while improving contact protection.

[0036] Alternatively, the connection force can be any value greater than or equal to within the range of 5N to 100N. In this way, designers can design the first connection device according to requirements to eliminate the possibility of accidental manual operation by workers while still achieving tightening.

[0037] Furthermore, the spring device can engage with the coupling component, particularly its radial protrusion, in a pre-tensioned manner in the base state. Specifically, the spring device can be pre-tensioned with the coupling component in the base state such that the spring force in the base state has a value in the range of 5N to 100N. In this way, the spring force can be set particularly easily during the design process to prevent accidental reduction of the distance between the coupling component and the first conductor by the operator.

[0038] Furthermore, the guide unit can elastically deform in the radial direction, i.e., in the horizontal direction, so that during the pre-assembly process, the spring device can be pre-tensioned and assembled between the coupling component and the first conductor. In particular, the guide unit can be configured for snap-fit ​​connection with the spring device and / or the coupling component.

[0039] For example, the limiting protrusion of the sleeve-shaped guide element may have an inlet ramp for pre-assembling the spring device and / or coupling component. Additionally, the sleeve-shaped guide element may have a cut or interruption to improve deformability for snap-fit ​​connections. Furthermore, for example, corresponding L-shaped limiting protrusions of at least two guide segments may have inlet ramps for pre-assembling the spring device and / or coupling component.

[0040] Additionally, the first connecting device may have an electrically insulating bottom cover configured to sandwich the first conductor together with the protective cover. In this way, the first conductor and coupling components are protected from external influences, thereby achieving its contact protection function with particularly strong interference resistance. Furthermore, the first connecting device, as a structural assembly, can therefore be assembled particularly easily. Additionally, the bottom cover may be provided integrally or as a single unit with the protective cover.

[0041] Furthermore, the protective cover can be configured for fixed assembly with the first conductor. As previously mentioned, the first conductor is associated with the first connecting device and can be assembled with the first connecting device to form a first structural assembly. In the present case, "fixed position" means that, according to the design, the position of the first conductor relative to the protective cover remains substantially unchanged in the assembled state. In this context, "fixed position" also means that the relative orientation between the protective cover and the first conductor cannot be changed by means of a spacing device, either in the base state or in the contact state.

[0042] The task described above is further achieved by a second connection device for driving a battery having the features of claim 9, the second connection device being used to electrically connect the second conductor to the first conductor. Advantageous extensions are derived from the dependent claims, as well as from this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Accordingly, a second connection device for driving a battery is proposed, the second connection device being used to electrically connect a second conductor to a first conductor. The second conductor is associated with the second connection device, and the first conductor is associated with the first connection device. The second connection device includes the second conductor. The second connection device has a second connection element, particularly in the form of a bolt or screw, for detachably connecting to the first connection element associated with the first connection device. The second connection device includes an electrically insulating protective cover for insulating the second conductor and the second connection element, and a retaining device for holding the second connection element within the protective cover. The retaining device can switch between a base state and a contact state, in which the second connection element and the second conductor are spaced apart from each other, and in the contact state, in which the second connection element and the second conductor are in electrical contact. The retaining device in the base state is configured to switch to the contact state under the action of a connection force.

[0044] The currently disclosed connection device is used to electrically connect a first (electrical) conductor to a second (electrical) conductor, and is particularly suitable for applications in high-voltage fields (>60V). The first or second conductor can be constructed, in particular, in the form of a so-called busbar, stromschiene, or busbar. Therefore, the first or second conductor can be constructed rigidly or flexibly, and can conduct high voltage or high current. The second connection device can form a structural assembly, especially a second assembly structure, with the second conductor.

[0045] The protective cover for insulating the second conductor and the second connecting device can be made of plastic. Furthermore, the protective cover can be constructed in multiple pieces, particularly to facilitate the pre-assembly process by accommodating the second conductor while simultaneously providing good insulation, and optionally accommodating and insulating other components of the second connecting device. Since the second conductor and the second connecting device are insulated by the protective cover, it provides contact protection. In the current context, insulating electrical components means that these components are electrically insulated in the sense of contact protection. This includes not only the possibility of a complete sheath (Umhüllung) but also the possibility of a sheath with an interruption, wherein the interruption is small enough to appropriately reduce the risk of contact between the worker and the corresponding electrical component. The required degree of risk reduction can be predetermined, particularly by means of construction specifications or standards for system design. For example, the interruption of the sheath or enclosure must be small and robust enough that a predetermined standard finger or tool cannot be guided through the gap or can only be guided through the gap with a force exceeding a predetermined limit.

[0046] According to this disclosure, the retaining device is configured in its basic state to switch to a contact state under the action of a connecting force. The connecting force can be provided, in particular, during the mechanical connection process for connecting the second connecting device to the first connecting device, as described above in the context of the first connecting device according to this disclosure.

[0047] Accordingly, the second connecting device can be engaged with the first connecting device, so that a connecting force acts on the second connecting device at the corresponding engagement area. For this purpose, for example, the second conductor can be abutted against a component of the first connecting device, particularly a coupling component, and a force flow can be realized from the assembly worker or their assembly tools via the second connecting device to the corresponding first connecting device of the first connecting device, causing the first and second connecting devices to move relative to each other. Therefore, during the mechanical connection process, the first and second connecting devices can move relative to each other. In particular, the engagement area where the connecting force acts can be arranged between the second connecting device and the retaining device. Because the first and second connecting devices move relative to each other and the connecting force acts on the engagement area, the retaining device can switch from a basic state to a contact state under the action of the connecting force.

[0048] If the mechanical connection process has not yet begun, the second connecting device remains in a basic state, separating the second connecting element from the second conductor. Since the retaining device is configured to switch to a contact state under the action of a connecting force, in which the second connecting element and the second conductor are in electrical contact, it is ensured that electrical contact between the second connecting element and the second conductor is achieved only during the intentionally performed mechanical connection process. In this way, effective contact protection can be provided for the second connecting device, especially the second connecting element that is directly or indirectly contacted by personnel, before the mechanical connection process is implemented.

[0049] Furthermore, since the second connecting device and the second conductor are in electrical contact in the contact state, a particularly robust mechanical and electrical connection can be provided between the second connecting device and the second conductor. Therefore, in particular, a metallic connection between the second connecting device and the second conductor can be achieved in this way.

[0050] In the current context, the spacing between the second conductor and the second connecting device, provided by the retaining device in the base state, is also referred to as the base spacing. With the arrangement described above, during the system design process, the base spacing can be selected based on the high voltage set for the first or second conductor and the pre-defined cleanliness level of the second connecting device. Therefore, for example, a lower / higher cleanliness level might refer to lower / higher cleanliness requirements during pre-assembly or during operation of the second connecting device, which could result in higher / lower levels of contamination in the area of ​​the insulating protective cover. Additionally, depending on the set lower / higher system voltage, a relatively smaller / larger base spacing may be required accordingly. With the arrangement described above, a correspondingly larger / smaller base spacing can be selected in a particularly simple manner during the system design process. In this way, the creepage distance for insulating the second conductor, especially the protective cover, can be designed safely enough. Therefore, the creepage resistance and breakdown resistance of the second connecting device can be improved.

[0051] Furthermore, during the development of this invention, it was discovered that, by means of the proposed retaining device, the size of the electrical contact surface between connected partners can be increased compared to conventional contact protection devices.

[0052] In the current context, a cover or protective cover can be understood as any device used to insulate an electrical component, such as a partition, enclosure, injection-molded encapsulation, or covering of an electrical component.

[0053] Additionally, the retaining device may have at least one deformable hook element, wherein, in the base state, the at least one hook element engages with the second connecting device to maintain a distance between the second connecting device and the second conductor. Furthermore, in the base state, the at least one hook element may be configured to deform under a connecting force, such that the at least one hook element disengages from its engagement with the second connecting device and transitions the retaining device to a contact state. Additionally, the at least one hook element is capable of elastic deformation.

[0054] Therefore, in its basic state, the retaining device can be configured in a particularly simple and robust manner to switch to a contact state under the action of a connecting force. Thus, in particular, the pre-assembly of the second connecting device within or on the protective cover can be achieved very simply by arranging the second connecting device on and engaging with at least one hook element during the pre-assembly process. For example, during the pre-assembly process, if at least one hook element deforms, the second connecting device can be pushed into or inserted into the retaining device.

[0055] In particular, the retaining device can have two, three, or more hook elements. In this way, the second connecting device can be safely and robustly held by the retaining device.

[0056] Furthermore, at least one hook element can be integrally constructed with the protective cover. Therefore, it is structurally easy to achieve that at least one hook element is electrically insulated and / or deformable. Thus, additional components can be omitted. In this way, a second connecting device with improved functional integration can be provided, since the retaining device can be constructed together with the protective cover.

[0057] Furthermore, the retaining device can be configured in the contact state to switch to the base state under the action of a separating force. Therefore, in addition to the mechanical connection process, a corresponding loosening or separation process can also be ensured, during which the second connecting device is loosened or separated from the first connecting device again. That is, under the action of a separating force, the second connecting device transitions from the contact state back to the base state, in which the second connecting device and the second conductor are in electrical contact, and in the base state, the second connecting device and the second conductor are spaced apart. Therefore, the second conductor and the second connecting device are connected non-conductively. Thus, even if the second conductor remains electrically connected to the first conductor during the mechanical loosening or separation process, there is no electrical connection between the first conductor of the first connecting device and the second connecting device, which is directly or indirectly contacted by the operator during the loosening or separation process.

[0058] In this way, reversible contact protection can be provided for the second connection device, which protects workers from electric shock not only during the mechanical connection process but also during the mechanical release process.

[0059] The separating force is a force opposite to the connecting force, used to loosen or separate the mechanical connection between the first connecting device and the second connecting device. The separating force can be provided, for example, by the first connecting device or by a worker. In the contact state, the connecting force is greater than the separating force, causing the first and second connecting devices to connect to each other.

[0060] Once the connecting force is less than the separating force, for example due to the loosening of the corresponding threaded connection, the retaining device can be switched to the basic state.

[0061] According to one extended embodiment, the retaining device may include a spring device, particularly in the form of a corrugated spring or a helical spring, concentrically arranged with the second connecting device and configured to be insulated relative to the second conductor. The spring device comprises a non-conductive material or is supported on a protective cover, particularly on an inner protrusion of the protective cover, wherein the inner protrusion is arranged between the spring device and the second conductor. With the insulated support provided by the inner protrusion of the protective cover, the spring device can be formed of a conductive material, particularly steel, maintaining its elasticity even under high connecting forces or high deformation. In this way, high connecting forces can be achieved, enabling a particularly reliable mechanical and electrical connection between the first and second connecting devices. Additionally, the spring device may have a compression spring, particularly in the form of a conical spring or an involute spring. Furthermore, the spring device makes it particularly easy to provide a separation force.

[0062] Additionally, the spring device may include a non-conductive material, either by the spring of the spring device being formed of a non-conductive material, or by, for example, a non-conductive or insulating coating being applied to the spring or spring device.

[0063] Furthermore, with the arrangement described above, the spring device can reliably switch back to the base state under the action of the separation force, especially to protect workers from electric shock during the mechanical release process. Therefore, the reversibility of the contact protection of the second connecting device can be further improved.

[0064] Additionally, the second connecting device, particularly in the form of a threaded screw, bolt, or bayonet, can be configured to connect to the first connecting device in a detachable manner, the first connecting device including the first connecting device, or the first connecting device being associated with the first connecting device.

[0065] Additionally, the second connecting device may have a head for providing force-locking with the second conductor, said head being, in particular, in the form of a screw head, bolt head, or bayonet head. This head may have a notch, for example, in the form of a surrounding recess, wherein one end of the spring device is supported insulated relative to the second conductor, and the other end engages with the notch. In this way, the head can be supported insulated relative to the second conductor in the base state and can have uninterrupted contact or metal-to-metal contact with the second conductor in the contact state.

[0066] Furthermore, the spring device can engage with the second connecting device, particularly its head, in a pre-tensioned manner in the base state. Specifically, this pre-tensioned engagement of the spring device with the second connecting device in the base state results in a spring force in the range of 5N to 100N. In this way, the spring force can be set particularly easily during the design process to prevent accidental reduction of the distance between the second connecting device and the second conductor by the operator.

[0067] Additionally, the second connecting device may have an insulating section, particularly in the form of a cover, which serves to insulate the second connecting device relative to the second conductor in the horizontal direction. In the present context, the horizontal direction refers to the direction transverse to the connection direction in which the first and second connecting devices move relative to each other during the mechanical connection process, and this connection direction is also referred to as the vertical direction in the present context. If the second connecting device, for example in the form of a bolt or threaded screw, is constructed to be guided through a through-opening in the second conductor, the insulating section may be constructed, particularly in the form of a cover surrounding the middle section of the second connecting device. In this way, contact protection for the second connecting device can be further improved. Therefore, in particular, in addition to the spacing provided by the retaining device according to the basic condition, there is an additional gap or insulation in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the insulating section may be provided by injection molding plastic onto the second connecting device. Additionally or alternatively, an insulating section may be provided on or within the through-opening in the second conductor to provide corresponding horizontal contact protection.

[0068] Furthermore, the connection force can be greater than or equal to 5N. In the present case, the connection force refers to the force generated or required to electrically connect the first and second connecting devices. For example, the connection force can be generated by tightening a threaded screw, which is the second connecting device, with a threaded nut, which is the first connecting device. Here, the screw head can apply the connection force to the retaining device. If the connection force is less than 5N, the retaining device does not reduce the gap between the second connecting device and the second conductor as set in the basic state. This prevents the retaining device from being brought into contact by an operator accidentally pressing the second connecting device towards the second conductor with a force greater than 5N using their body.

[0069] Alternatively, the connection force can be any value, for example, greater than or equal to, in the range of 5N to 100N. In this way, designers can design a second connection device to eliminate accidental manual operation by workers while still achieving tightening.

[0070] Therefore, if the retaining device includes a spring mechanism, the spring constant can be selected during the system design process without weakening the mechanical connection, especially the threaded connection. Thus, a robust connection can be provided while improving contact protection. Therefore, if the retaining device has at least one deformable hook element, a corresponding stiffness for at least one hook element can be selected during the system design process.

[0071] Furthermore, the task described above is achieved by a drive battery for an electric vehicle having the features of claim 15. Advantageous extensions are derived from this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0072] Accordingly, a drive battery for an electric vehicle is proposed, the drive battery comprising a first battery cell and additional components, particularly a second battery cell, and a first connection device and / or a second connection device according to the present disclosure, the first connection device and / or the second connection device being used to connect the first battery cell and the additional components.

[0073] The additional component may be a second battery cell or other battery components, such as a busbar, HV connector, switch box, or safety device. Typically, the additional component may be any member that is adapted or configured for conductive connection to the first battery cell in the drive battery.

[0074] In particular, the driving battery may have a first connection device according to this disclosure combined with a conventional second connection device, or a second connection device according to this disclosure combined with a conventional first connection device. A conventional first / second connection device refers to a connection device that includes a first / second conductor, a first / second connecting device, and a protective cover for insulating the conductor and the connecting device. However, in this context, a conventional first / second connection device does not necessarily have the spacing or holding device according to this disclosure.

[0075] In the current context, the first / second battery cell refers to a battery cell that is charged with voltage, such as a single battery cell, multiple interconnected single battery cells, or a pre-assembled battery module including single battery cells.

[0076] Since the first battery cell includes a first connection device according to the present disclosure or since the other components include a second connection device according to the present disclosure, the advantages of improved contact protection as described above can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0077] Other preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These are shown schematically: Figure 1A cross-sectional view is shown of a first connection device in a first connection phase and a conventional second connection device according to one embodiment; Figure 2 Show Figure 1 An exploded view of an embodiment without a conventional second connection device; Figure 3a , Figure 3b This embodiment is shown in a cross-sectional view during either the second or third connection stage. Figure 4a , Figure 4b An additional cross-sectional view of the embodiment is shown in either the second or third connection stage; Figure 5a , Figure 5b , Figure 5c Different views of a second connection device during a first connection phase according to one embodiment are shown; Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a second connection device during a first connection phase according to another embodiment is shown; Figure 7a , Figure 7b The diagram shows a drive battery including a first connection device and a second connection device. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The preferred embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, in different drawings, the same, similar, or functionally identical elements are given the same reference numerals; to avoid redundancy, some repeated descriptions of these elements are omitted.

[0079] exist Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the first connection device 100 during the first connection stage according to the first embodiment is shown together with a conventional second connection device 200'. Figure 2 To illustrate in a schematic way Figure 1 An exploded view of the first connecting device 100 in the diagram.

[0080] Figure 1 The upper portion shows a conventional second connection device 200', which includes a second conductor 210' in the form of a bus 230' and a second connection element 230' in the form of a threaded screw 230'. The conventional second connection device 200' further includes an electrically insulating protective cover 214' that surrounds or covers the second conductor 210' and the second connection element 230' to provide conventional electrical contact protection for the conventional second connection device 200'.

[0081] Figure 1The lower portion shows a first connection device 100 according to the present disclosure, which may also be referred to as a receptacle connection device 100.

[0082] The first connecting device 100 is equipped with a first conductor 110, which is particularly in the form of a busbar 110. In particular, the first connecting device 100 is configured to accommodate the first conductor 110 during the pre-assembly process, such that the first conductor 110 is fixedly mounted or pre-assembled on or within the first connecting device 100. Figure 1 The first connecting device 100 is shown in a pre-assembled state, in which the first connecting device 100 includes a first conductor 110 and a first connecting element 130 arranged on the first conductor in the form of a threaded nut 130.

[0083] The first connecting device 100 further includes an electrically insulating protective cover 114 for insulating the first conductor 110, a conductive coupling member 112 for electrical coupling with the second conductor 210', and a spacing device 116. The conductive coupling member is in the form of a metal sleeve 112, and the spacing device has a spring device 116. In the basic state of the spacing device 116, the coupling member 112 is spaced from the first conductor 110 by a basic spacing d. This spacing is provided by means of the spacing device 116. In the contact state, the coupling member 112 and the first conductor 110 are in electrical contact, in particular, the coupling member and the first conductor are in contact with each other, i.e., the spacing is eliminated. The spacing device 116 can be used in... Figure 1 The basic state shown is similar to, for example Figure 3b The transitions between the contact states shown are illustrated.

[0084] The first conductor 110 has a through opening for guiding the second connecting device 230' through. The first connecting device 130 is arranged on the side of the first conductor 110 opposite to the second connecting device 200' so that it can engage with the second connecting device 230' to achieve a mechanical connection between the first connecting device and the second connecting device.

[0085] In the base state, the spacing device 116 is configured to switch to the contact state under the action of a connecting force. In the contact state, the spacing device 116 is configured to switch to, and in particular automatically switch to, the base state under the action of a separating force.

[0086] The spacing device 116 includes a spring device 116 with a corrugated spring 117 (see [link to spring device 116]). Figure 2A guide unit 122 is arranged on the protective cover 114 to guide the movement of the coupling member 112 during the transition between the base state and the contact state. For this purpose, in this example, the guide unit 122 includes three L-shaped guide segments, each having a radially inwardly pointing limiting protrusion 124. Alternatively, the guide element may be a sleeve-shaped guide element with radially inwardly pointing limiting protrusions 124, wherein the sleeve-shaped guide element may have a cut or interruption along the periphery of the sleeve to enable pre-assembly of the coupling member 112 and the spacing device 116 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 2 ).

[0087] The protective cover 114 has a protrusion 118 arranged substantially annularly relative to the through opening, which may optionally have an interruption or cutout (see...). Figure 2 Alternatively, the protrusion 118 can also be constructed as a plurality of individual protrusions 118. In particular, as shown in... Figure 2 As shown, the protrusion 118 or each protrusion 118 and / or the guide unit 122 or each guide segment 123 can be integrally constructed with the protective cover 114.

[0088] The coupling member 112 has a radial protrusion 120 in the form of a flange 120, and is clamped between the protrusion 118 and the limiting protrusion 124 by means of a bellows spring 117 during the pre-assembly process (see...). Figure 2 This allows the coupling component to move axially, i.e., along its main extension direction and parallel to the connection direction, for connecting the first and second connecting devices. Therefore, in the pre-assembled state, the bellows spring 117 is pre-tensioned and, in conjunction with the guide unit 122 and the protrusion 118, holds the coupling component in a way that prevents loss.

[0089] The first connecting device 100 further has an electrically insulating bottom cover 132 that, in conjunction with the protective cover 114, sandwiches around the first conductor 100. The protective cover 114 and the bottom cover 132 can be connected by, for example, a plug-in connection or a snap-fit ​​connection (not shown) in a form-locking manner. Alternatively, the protective cover 114 and the bottom cover 132 can be integrally constructed with each other.

[0090] The protective cover 114 is configured for fixedly assembling with the first conductor 110. Optionally, the protective cover 114, in conjunction with the bottom cover 132, is configured for fixedly assembling with the first conductor 110. For this purpose, the protective cover 114 can hold the first conductor, either alone or in conjunction with the bottom cover 132, for example, by form-locking.

[0091] Figure 3a A cross-sectional view of the first embodiment during the second connection stage is shown. Figure 3b Correspondingly, a cross-sectional view is shown in the third connection stage. The first, second, and third connection stages refer to successive stages of the mechanical connection process for connecting the first connection device 100 and the second connection device 200', so as to electrically connect the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 210' to each other by means of the coupling member 112.

[0092] In the first connection phase, the first connection device 100 and the second connection device 200' are pre-assembled and have not yet made contact (see...). Figure 1 In the subsequent second connection phase, the first connection device 100 and the second connection device 200' come into contact, wherein the first connection device 100 or its spacing device 116 is in a base state in which the coupling component 112 and the first conductor 110 are spaced apart from each other, in particular by a base spacing d (see [link to original text]). Figure 3a In the second connection phase, the second conductor 210' rests against the coupling component 112.

[0093] In the subsequent third connection stage, the first connection device 100 and the second connection device 200' are mechanically connected to each other, wherein the first connection device 100 or its spacing device 116 is in a contact state, in which the coupling component 112 and the first conductor 110 are in electrical contact (see...). Figure 3b ).Depend on Figure 3b It can be seen that the second conductor 210' is still attached to the coupling member 112, so that the second conductor 210' is electrically connected to the first conductor 110 through the coupling member 112.

[0094] The transition from the second to the third connection stage can be achieved by having a worker manually or with the aid of assembly tools apply a connection force to the second connecting device 230', causing the first and second connecting devices to mechanically connect and the first connecting device 100 to move towards the second connecting device 200'. Therefore, the spacing device 116 can transition from a basic state to a contact state under the action of the connection force. More precisely, the corrugated spring 117 can be compressed under the action of the connection force. Since the connection force can have a value of, for example, 10N as described above, accidental switching of the spacing device 116 from the basic state to the contact state due to accidental contact or manipulation by a worker can be avoided. During the design process, any value can be selected, for example by choosing the spring constant or pretension of the corrugated spring 117, where this value should obviously be less than the final connection force set to achieve the mechanical connection between the first connecting device 130 and the second connecting device 230'.

[0095] Additionally, a fourth stage can be provided, which follows the third connection stage and includes an arrangement in the basic state similar to that of the second connection stage. Similarly, corresponding to... Figure 3a The fourth stage of the schematic diagram can also be referred to as the loosening stage or the separation stage. Since the spacing device 116 is in a contact state, therefore in the third stage (see...) Figure 3b The system is designed to switch to the base state under the action of separation force, thus providing contact protection for workers performing the mechanical release process when transitioning from the third stage to the fourth stage. In this way, reversible contact protection can be provided, protecting workers from electric shock not only during the mechanical connection process but also during the mechanical release or separation process. For example, the worker can release the second connecting device 230', in the form of a threaded screw 230' or a bayonet pin, from its engagement with the first connecting device 130, in the form of a threaded nut 130 or a bayonet sleeve. Upon releasing this engagement, the spacing device 116 can again create a gap between the first conductor 110 and the coupling member 112 by means of a corrugated spring 117, specifically providing the base spacing d again.

[0096] Since the spacing device 116 is supported insulated relative to the first conductor 110, a metal spring, particularly a corrugated spring 117, can be used for the spacing device 116, the spring properties of which will not be weakened by the final connection force of the third connection stage. In this way, reversible contact protection can be provided particularly robustly and repeatedly with safety. Alternatively, the spacing device 116 can have a spring device having a non-metallic or electrically insulating spring.

[0097] Figure 4a , 4b Again, in more detail in each of the additional sectional views, the second or third connection stage is shown... Figure 3a , 3b Examples of implementations.

[0098] Figure 5a A segment of the second connection device 200 during the first connection phase according to an embodiment is shown in the cross-sectional view. Figure 5b This example is shown in the top view. Figure 5c This example is shown in the perspective view.

[0099] Corresponding to the first connecting device 100 according to this disclosure (which may also be referred to as a receiving connecting device 100), the second connecting device 200 according to this disclosure may also be referred to as a receiving connecting device 200. In all embodiments, the second connecting device 200 is equipped with a second conductor 210, which is particularly in the form of a bus 210. In particular, the second connecting device 200 is configured to receive the second conductor 210 during a pre-assembly process, such that the second conductor 210 is fixedly mounted or pre-assembled on or within the second connecting device 200. Figures 5a to 5c The second connection device 200 is shown in a pre-assembled state, in which the second connection device 200 includes a second conductor 210 and a second connection element 230 arranged on the second conductor in the form of a threaded screw 230.

[0100] The second connection device 200 is configured to electrically connect the second conductor 210 to the first conductors 110, 110', according to the first connection device 100 of this disclosure (see, for example, see...). Figure 1 (up to 4) or a conventional second connection device 200' (e.g., see 4) Figure 1 (4) may include the first conductor.

[0101] Additionally, the second connecting device 200 includes a second connecting element 230 in the form of a threaded screw 230, which is used to connect in a detachable manner to the first connecting elements 130, 130' included in the first connecting devices 100, 100'. Furthermore, the second connecting device 200 includes an electrically insulating protective cover 214 for insulating the second conductor 210 and the second connecting element 230, and a retaining device 216 for holding the second connecting element 210 within the protective cover 214. The protective cover 214 is particularly multi-piece constructed, wherein its components can be connected, for example, in a form-locking manner during pre-assembly so as to cover, in particular sandwich-like, the second conductor 210 and the second connecting element 230 after pre-assembly is completed. Alternatively, the protective cover 214 may be constructed as a single piece or integrally.

[0102] In all embodiments, the retaining device 216 can switch between a base state and a contact state, in which the second connecting device 230 and the second conductor 210 are spaced apart, particularly by a base distance d, and in the contact state, the second connecting device 230 and the second conductor 210 are in electrical contact. Here, the retaining device 216 is configured in the base state to switch to the contact state under the action of a connecting force. Figures 5a to 5c A second connecting device or its holding device is shown in the base state.

[0103] According to Figures 5a to 5c In the example, the retaining device 216 has three deformable hook elements 218 (see Figure 5b , Figure 5c The hook element 218 is integrally constructed with the protective cover 214 and is electrically insulated. In its undeformed state, the hook element 218 extends into the space covered by the protective cover 214 to engage with the second connecting device 230 and hold the second connecting device 230 at a base distance d from the second conductor 210. In other words, in the basic state of the holding device 216, the hook element 218 extends radially inward relative to the protective cover 214 to engage with the second connecting device 230. In the illustrated example, the holding device 216 thus holds the head 232 of the threaded screw 230.

[0104] The retaining device 216 is configured in its base state to deform under the action of a connecting force, causing the hook element 218 to disengage from its engagement with the second connecting device 230, thereby switching the retaining device 216 to a contact state. The connecting force can be applied to the second connecting device 230 by an assembly worker or their assembly tools to mechanically connect the first and second connecting devices. During this connection process, the first and second connecting devices can move relative to each other, wherein the second conductor 210 can abut against the first connecting devices 100, 100', such that the first connecting devices 100, 100' provide a stop for the second conductor 210. Therefore, the second connecting device 230 and the second conductor 210 can move relative to each other; in particular, the head 232 can move toward the second conductor 210.

[0105] The hook element 218 may have an inclined section 218a, which engages with the second connecting device 230, particularly the head 232, in the base state. Therefore, under the relative motion described above, the second connecting device 230, particularly the head 232, can deform the hook element 218, particularly radially outward, and release the second connecting device 230, particularly the head 232, from the engaged position.

[0106] exist Figures 5a to 5c In this configuration, the hook element 218 is substantially arranged in the region between the head 232 and the second conductor 210, such that the hook element 218 supports the head 232 relative to the second conductor 210 under a pressure load. Alternatively, at least one hook element may hold the second connecting device 230 under a tensile load. For example, three hook elements may be arranged above the head 232 on the protective cover 214, and each hook element may hold the head 232 by means of a retaining protrusion including a sloping section.

[0107] In all embodiments, the second connecting device 230 may optionally have an insulating section 222 in the form of an insulating cover 222, which, in the basic state, electrically insulates the second connecting device 230 relative to the second conductor 210. For example... Figure 5a As shown, the covering portion 222 can completely surround the shank of the threaded screw 230. In this way, in the base state, the second connecting device 230 can be provided electrically insulated relative to the second conductor in the vertical or axial direction and additionally in the horizontal or radial direction for the purpose of protecting workers from contact.

[0108] In all embodiments, the first conductor and the second conductor may each have a through opening for guiding the second connecting device 230 through. The first connecting devices 130, 130' may be arranged on the side of the first conductor 110 opposite to the second connecting devices 200, 200' so as to engage with the second connecting device 230 to achieve a mechanical connection between the first connecting device and the second connecting device.

[0109] Figure 6 The sectional view shows a second connection device 200 in the first connection stage according to another embodiment, wherein, according to Figure 6 Examples and Figures 5a to 5c The difference in the examples is essentially in the construction of the retaining device 216. Figure 6 In the middle, the retaining device 216 includes a spring device 219 in the form of a helical spring, which is concentrically arranged with the second connecting device 230 and supported insulatedly relative to the second conductor 210. For this purpose, the protective cover 214 has an inner protrusion 220, on which the spring device 219 is supported insulatedly relative to or at the inner protrusion. The inner protrusion 220 may be annularly constructed and concentrically arranged around the through opening of the second conductor 210. The inner protrusion 220 may have an interruption along its periphery (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (as shown in the cross-sectional view), or constructed without interruptions.

[0110] The head 232 of the second connector has a slot 233 in the form of a surrounding recess 233. In the pre-assembled state, the spring device 219 is clamped between the inner protrusion 220 and the slot 233. Thus, the spring device 219 is supported at one end insulated relative to the second conductor 210 by means of the inner protrusion 220, and engages with the slot 233 at the other end. In this way, the head 232 can be supported insulated relative to the second conductor 210 in the base state, and can have metal contact with the second conductor 210 via its lower side 234 in the contact state.

[0111] Figure 7aA drive battery 1 is shown, which includes a first connection device 100 according to the present disclosure and a second connection device 200 according to the present disclosure. The first connection device 100 corresponds to... Figure 1 To the example in Figure 4. The second connection device 200 corresponds to Figures 5a to 5c Example in the diagram. The driving battery 1 includes a first battery cell 2 and an additional component 4, the first battery cell being attached to a first conductor 110 of the first connection device 100, the additional component being, for example, in the form of a second battery cell 4 or an additional bus 4, being attached to a first conductor 210 of the second connection device 200.

[0112] Alternatively, the drive battery 1 may have a first connection device 100 according to this disclosure and a connection device according to... Figure 1 , Figure 3a and Figure 3b The conventional second connection device 200'.

[0113] like Figure 7b As shown, the drive battery 1 may alternatively have a second connection device 200 according to this disclosure and a conventional first connection device 100'. The conventional first connection device 100' includes a first conductor 110', a coupling sleeve 112', a protective cover 114' having a bottom cover 132, and a threaded nut 130', to which the first battery cell 2 is attached. Figure 7b In the third connection phase, the second connecting device 200 or its holding device 216 is in contact with the second conductor 210, particularly by means of its head 232. The second conductor 210 is then abutted against the first connecting device 100', particularly against the coupling sleeve 112', which abuts against the first conductor 110', so that the second conductor 210 and the first conductor 110' are electrically connected to each other and thus the first battery cell 2 is electrically connected to the other component 4.

[0114] In all embodiments of the second connecting device 200, the second connecting device may be in a first, second, third, and optionally fourth connecting stage, the connecting stages substantially corresponding to the connecting stages of the first connecting device 100 according to this disclosure. The first, second, and third connecting stages refer to successive stages of the mechanical connecting process for connecting the first connecting device 100' and the second connecting device 200, so as to electrically connect the first conductor 110' and the second conductor 210 to each other by means of the coupling member 112'.

[0115] In the first connection phase, the first connection device 100' and the second connection device 200 are pre-assembled and have not yet made contact with each other. Figure 1(Similarly). In the subsequent second connection phase, the first connection device 100' contacts the second connection device 200, wherein the second connection device 200 or its holding device 216 is in a base state, in which the second connection device 230 is spaced apart from the second conductor 210, particularly by a base distance d (see...). Figure 5a and Figure 6 In the second connection phase, the second conductor 210 rests against the coupling component 112'.

[0116] Refer again Figure 7b In the subsequent third connection stage, the first connection device 100' and the second connection device 200 are mechanically connected to each other, wherein the second connection device 200 or its holding device 216 is in a contact state, in which the second connection device 230 is in electrical contact with the second conductor 210. As shown in the figures, the second conductor 210 is still attached to the coupling member 112', so that the second conductor 210 is electrically connected to the first conductor 110' via the coupling member 112'.

[0117] The transition from the second connection stage to the third connection stage can be achieved by having a worker manually or with the aid of assembly tools apply a connection force to the second connection device 230, causing the first and second connection devices to mechanically connect and the first connection device 100' to move towards the second connection device 200. Therefore, when a connection force is applied, the retaining device 216 can switch from a basic state to a contact state.

[0118] Therefore, more precisely, the hook element 218 or the spring device 219 can elastically deform under the application of a connecting force. Since the connecting force can have a value of, for example, 10N as described above, accidental switching of the spacing device 116 from its base state to its contact state due to accidental contact or manipulation by a worker can be avoided. During the design process, any value can be selected, for example by choosing the spring constant or pre-tension of the spring device 219, where this value should obviously be lower than the final connecting force set for achieving the mechanical connection between the first connecting device 130' and the second connecting device 230.

[0119] Additionally, a fourth stage can be provided, following the third connection stage, and in this fourth stage, there is an arrangement similar to that in the base state as in the second connection stage. This fourth stage can also be referred to as the loosening stage or the separation stage. Since the retaining device 216 has a spring device 219 and is configured in the contact state, thus in the third stage for transitioning to the base state under the action of a separation force, contact protection can be provided for the worker performing the mechanical loosening process when transitioning from the third stage to the fourth stage. In this way, reversible contact protection can be provided, which protects the worker from electric shock not only during the mechanical connection process but also during the mechanical loosening or separation process. For example, the worker can loosen the second connecting device 230, in the form of a threaded screw 230 or a bayonet pin, from its engagement with the first connecting device 130', in the form of a threaded nut 130' or a bayonet sleeve. In the event of disengagement, the retaining device 216 can again create a gap between the second conductor 210 and the second connecting device 230, especially the screw head 232, by means of the spring device 219, in particular providing the basic spacing d again.

[0120] In all embodiments of the first connecting device 100 according to this disclosure, the helical spring of the corrugated spring 117 or spring device 116 may have parallel ends. Similarly, in all embodiments of the second connecting device 200 according to this disclosure, the helical spring 219 of the corresponding corrugated spring or spring device 219 may have parallel ends. Due to the parallel ends, the insulating support and pre-assembly can be simplified and improved.

[0121] Where applicable, all individual features shown in all embodiments may be combined and / or substituted with each other without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

[0122] List of reference numerals 1. Drive battery 2 First battery unit 4. Other components 100 / 100' First connection device 110 / 110' First Conductor 112 / 112' Coupling Component, Sleeve 114 / 114' Protective Cover 116 Spacing device, spring device 117 Corrugated Spring 118 Protrusion of the protective covering 120 Radial protrusion of the coupling component 122 Guide Unit 123 Guiding Section 124. Limiting protrusion of the guide unit / guide section 130 / 130' First Connecting Device 132 / 132' Bottom Cover 200 / 200' Second Connection Device 210 / 210' Second Conductor 214 / 214' Protective Cover 216 Holding device 218 Hook Components 218a Inclined Section 219 Spring device 220 Internal protrusion 222 Insulation section, covered part 230 / 230' Second Connecting Device 232 Head 233. Groove, surrounding recess. 234 Lower side of the head

Claims

1. A first connection device (100) for driving a battery (1), the first connection device being used to electrically connect a first conductor (110) to a second conductor (210, 210'), wherein, The first conductor (110) is associated with the first connecting device (100), and the second conductors (210, 210') are associated with the second connecting device (200, 200'). The first connecting device includes: the first conductor (110); an electrically insulating protective cover (114) for insulating the first conductor (110); a conductive coupling member (112) for electrically coupling the first conductor (110) and the second conductors (210, 210'); and a spacing device (116). The spacing device (116) is capable of switching between a basic state and a contact state. In the basic state, the coupling member (112) and the first conductor (110) are spaced apart from each other. In the contact state, the coupling member (112) and the first conductor (110) are in electrical contact. The spacing device (116) is configured in the basic state to transition to the contact state under the action of a connecting force, and The spacing device (116) is configured in the contact state to switch to the basic state under the action of the separation force.

2. The first connecting device (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The spacing device (116) has a spring device (116) configured to be electrically insulated relative to the first conductor (110), wherein the spring device (116) comprises a non-conductive material or is supported on the protective cover (114), particularly on a protrusion (118) of the protective cover (114), wherein the protrusion (118) is arranged between the spring device (116) and the first conductor (110).

3. The first connecting device (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The coupling member (112) is sleeve-shaped and has at least one radial protrusion (120), which is in particular in the form of a flange (120) and is configured to engage with the spacing device (116).

4. The first connecting device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, the first connecting device having a guiding unit (122) for guiding the movement of the coupling member (112) during the transition between the base state and the contact state, wherein, The guide unit (122) is arranged on the protective cover (114) and includes, in particular, a sleeve-shaped guide element or at least two guide segments (123).

5. The first connecting device (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein, The spring device (116) includes a corrugated spring, a helical spring, or a set of spring elements, wherein the spring device (116) is arranged concentrically with the coupling member (112).

6. The first connecting device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The first connecting device (100) has a first connecting element (130), which is in particular in the form of a threaded nut (130) or a bayonet sleeve, for connecting in a detachable manner to a second connecting element (230, 230') associated with the second connecting device (200, 200').

7. The first connecting device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The connecting force is greater than or equal to 5N.

8. The first connecting device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The protective cover (114) is configured to be fixedly assembled with the first conductor (110).

9. A second connection device (200) for driving a battery (1), the second connection device being used to electrically connect a second conductor (210) to a first conductor (110, 110'), wherein, The second conductor (210) is associated with the second connecting device (200), and the first conductor (110, 110') is associated with the first connecting device (100, 100'). - Wherein, the second connecting device (200) includes the second conductor (210); - Wherein, the second connecting device (200) has a second connecting device (230), which is in particular in the form of a bolt or screw, and is used to connect in a detachable manner to a first connecting device (130, 130') associated with the first connecting device (100, 100'). The second connecting device (200) includes: - An electrically insulating protective cover (214) for insulating the second conductor (210) and the second connecting device (230) and - A retaining device (216) for holding the second connecting device (230) within the protective cover (214). The retaining device (216) is capable of switching between a base state and a contact state. In the base state, the second connecting device (230) and the second conductor (210) are spaced apart from each other. In the contact state, the second connecting device (230) and the second conductor (210) are in electrical contact. The retaining device (216) is configured in the basic state to switch to the contact state under the action of the connecting force.

10. The second connecting device (200) according to claim 9, wherein, The retaining device (216) includes at least one deformable hook element (218), wherein, in the base state, the at least one hook element (218) engages with the second connecting device (230) to keep the second connecting device (230) spaced apart from the second conductor (210), and wherein, in the base state, the at least one hook element (218) is configured to deform under the action of the connecting force, such that the at least one hook element disengages from engagement with the second connecting device (230) to transition the retaining device (216) to the contact state.

11. The second connection device (200) according to claim 10, wherein, The at least one hook element (218) is integrally constructed with the protective cover (214).

12. The second connecting device (200) according to claim 9, wherein, The retaining device (216) is configured in the contact state to switch to the base state under the action of the separation force.

13. The second connecting device (200) according to claim 12, wherein, The retaining device (216) includes a spring device (219), which is in particular in the form of a corrugated spring or a helical spring, the spring device being concentrically arranged with the second connecting device (230) and configured to be insulated relative to the second conductor (210), wherein the spring device (219) comprises a non-conductive material or is supported on the protective cover (214), in particular on an inner protrusion (220) of the protective cover (214), wherein the inner protrusion (220) is arranged between the spring device (219) and the second conductor (210).

14. The second connecting device (200) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein, The second connecting device (230) has an insulating section (222), which is in particular in the form of a cover (222) for insulating the second connecting device (230) relative to the second conductor (210) in the horizontal direction.

15. A drive battery (1) for an electric vehicle, the drive battery comprising a first battery cell (2) and additional components, and a first connection device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and / or a second connection device (200) according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the additional components are in particular a second battery cell (4), and the first connection device and / or the second connection device are used to connect the first battery cell (2) and the additional components.

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