Connecting ring for anastomotic coupler

Abstract

The invention provides an anastomotic coupler. The mother ring has a mother receiving portion, the mother ring being operable to couple with the first tubular structure. The male ring is operable to couple with the second tubular structure, and the male ring is operable to be at least partially received in the female receiving portion of the female ring to couple the first tubular structure with the second tubular structure such that the lumen of the first tubular structure is aligned with and in fluid communication with the lumen of the second tubular structure.

Description

Cross-reference related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 468,321, filed May 23, 2023, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 579,557, filed August 30, 2023, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to a connecting ring for an anastomotic coupler to connect two tubular structures, such as blood vessels, esophagus, intestine, lymphatic structures and / or grafts. Background Technology

[0003] An anastomosis is a connection between two luminal structures. These connections typically occur between blood vessels (e.g., vascular anastomosis) or tubular gastrointestinal structures (e.g., intestines, stomach, esophagus). Conventional techniques allow anastomoses to be performed between the two ends (called end-to-end anastomosis) or between the side of one and the end of another (called end-to-side anastomosis). Surgical procedures requiring these anastomoses are performed thousands of times daily worldwide. Similarly, many surgical specialties rely on creating reliable, unobstructed anastomoses to successfully treat their respective patients. Attached Figure Description

[0004] Embodiments of this disclosure will be described in the accompanying drawings, by way of example only, wherein: Figure 1A A diagram of the male loop used for the matching coupler is shown; Figure 1B It shows Figure 1A A cross-sectional view of the male ring; Figure 1C It shows Figure 1A Another cross-sectional view of the male ring; Figure 1D It shows Figure 1A Front view of the male ring; Figure 2A A male ring coupled to the first tubular structure is shown; Figure 2B A perspective view of the male ring coupled to the first tubular structure is shown; Figure 3A The mother ring used for the anastomosis coupler is shown; Figure 3B It shows Figure 3A A cross-sectional view of the mother ring; Figure 3C It shows Figure 3A Another cross-sectional view of the mother ring; Figure 3D It shows Figure 3A Front view of the mother ring; Figure 4A A perspective view of the parent ring coupled to the second tubular structure is shown; Figure 4B A side view of the parent ring coupled to the second tubular structure is shown; Figure 5A The diagram shows a mother ring receiving a male ring to couple a first tubular structure and a second tubular structure. Figure 5B It shows Figure 5A Perspective view. Detailed Implementation

[0005] It should be understood that, for the sake of simplicity and clarity, reference numerals are repeated in different figures where appropriate to indicate corresponding or similar elements. Furthermore, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments described herein. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the relevant features described. Moreover, the description herein should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments described herein. The figures are not necessarily drawn to scale, and the proportions of certain parts may be exaggerated to better illustrate the details and features of this disclosure.

[0006] The earliest surgical vascular suturing was created by Alexis Carrel between 1901 and 1910. This pioneering work led to Carrel receiving the Nobel Prize in 1912. Despite 100 years of surgical evolution and innovation, most vascular anastomoses today still employ suturing techniques similar to those originally described by Carrel in the early 20th century. In the 1970s, the advent of gastrointestinal anastomoses quickly superseded the primary suturing techniques for intestinal anastomoses. However, most surgeons still use a circular suture technique on the serosal layer above the anastomosis site to provide additional support. While these techniques are generally successful, they can be time-consuming, often require additional surgical expertise, and, if performed improperly, can lead to leakage (blood, feces, stomach contents, lymph), constriction, stenosis, and / or obstruction at the anastomosis site. For vascular anastomoses, stenosis and / or obstruction can result in catastrophic complications such as heart attack, stroke, peripheral limb ischemia, amputation, death, and failed reconstruction and soft tissue loss. For example, in the case of gastrointestinal anastomosis, these complications can lead to extraluminal leakage of gastrointestinal contents, infection, sepsis, obstruction, and death.

[0007] Given the importance of reliable and unobstructed anastomosis, alternatives to sutures and staples have been adopted. For example, a vascular anastomosis coupler is described in U.S. Patent Publication 2015 / 0088172A1 ('172 Publication). This coupler has two rounded ends with spikes or pins. As shown in Figures 2A and 2B of '172 Publication, the vessel is passed through the rings, and the vessel wall is everted or rolled over the pins for fixation. After this operation is completed at each vessel end, the two rings are then mated, forcing the spikes / pins into the opposing rings to join the ends together, as described in '172 Publication. Figure 1C As shown. However, due to the potential for vascular micromovement and size mismatch in the anastomotic coupler disclosed in '172, blood leakage may occur, and / or one of the pins may puncture the vessel wall, causing leakage and / or platelet aggregation and thrombosis (clot formation) at the site of the leakage. Similarly, with the anastomotic coupler disclosed in '172, everting the vessel margin may be very difficult for thick-walled, less elastic vessels, especially arteries, and may lead to damage to the vessel wall (intima) and / or anastomotic stenosis, both of which can lead to platelet aggregation, blood flow disturbance, and / or thrombosis, resulting in blood flow obstruction. In addition, the technique disclosed in '172 requires additional specialized equipment (surgical microscope, high-powered magnifying glass) to operate. For gastrointestinal anastomosis, many procedures either employ a side-to-side anastomosis, which is not a natural pathway for the smooth muscle of the intestine to push fecal contents (e.g., non-longitudinal flow along the length of the intestine), or an end-to-end anastomosis, which requires a separate, full-thickness intestinal access incision away from the anastomosis site to deploy the stapler, thus creating a secondary weak point for potential leakage or adhesion formation.

[0008] Referring now to FIG1A, a male ring 100 for anastomotic coupler is provided. This anastomotic coupler is used to establish a connection between adjacent tubular structures 12. The tubular structure 200 may include blood vessels, grafts, prostheses, gastrointestinal structures, esophagus, lymphatic vessels, and / or any other suitable passageway in the body or a tubular structure created for a specific surgical procedure. The tubular structure 200 forms a lumen 204 through which substances such as blood, food, fluids, and / or cells can be delivered.

[0009] The anastomosing coupler includes a male ring 100 and a female ring 300 (as shown in Figures 3A-4B). The male ring 100 includes a body 102 forming a hole 104. The male ring 100 is operable to receive a tubular structure 200 through the hole 104. Although Figure 1A The male ring 100 shown has a generally circular shape, but it can have any suitable shape, such as rectangular, triangular, octagonal, hexagonal, and / or elliptical. Furthermore, Figure 1AThe male ring 100 shown is a single solid component. In some embodiments, for ease of application or manufacture, the male ring 100 may include two semi-circular or arcuate components connected together around the tubular structure 200. In other embodiments, the male ring 100 may include multiple connectable components such that the male ring 100 can accommodate the tubular structure 200 therein.

[0010] The male ring 100 may include a front end 1020 and a rear end 1022 opposite to the front end 1020. The front end 1020 is operable to be inserted into and / or received by the female ring 300 (e.g., Figure 5A and 5B (As shown). The male ring 100 may include a protrusion 106 extending from the body 102. In at least one embodiment, the protrusion 106 extends around the entire circumference of the body 102. In at least one embodiment, the radius 106R of the protrusion 106 is approximately 0.1 mm.

[0011] The dimensions of the male ring 100 and its lumen 104 can vary depending on the application and the size of the tubular structure 200. For example, the diameter of the lumen 104 can range from approximately 0.5 mm (e.g., for lymphatic connections) to approximately 60 mm (e.g., for gastrointestinal connections). Due to the wide range of diameters for both the male ring 100 and the tubular structure 200, a suitable male ring 100 can be selected by measuring the inner diameter of the tubular structure 200. This can be achieved, for example, using an endoluminal measuring guide / device. If there is a significant dimensional mismatch (1 mm or more) between the tubular structure 200 and the male ring 100, a short cylindrical tube connector with corresponding male and female ends can be used to allow for a gradual transition in size in any direction, thus accommodating dimensional differences. For example, a tapered cylindrical tube with one end 1 mm-2 mm larger / smaller than the other can be provided, which would enable seamless connection of 1 mm vessels to 2.5 mm-3.5 mm vessels, and vice versa, during microsurgery.

[0012] The male ring 100 may include a male receiving portion 108 formed as part of the lumen 104. In at least one embodiment, the male receiving portion 108 may be formed near the front end 1020 of the body 102. The male receiving portion 108 may be in the form of a groove or notch. The width 108W of the male receiving portion 108 may be between about 0.3 mm and about 1.0 mm. In some embodiments, the width 108W may be between about 0.4 mm and about 0.7 mm. In some embodiments, the width 108W may be about 0.5 mm. The width 108W may vary depending on the size and / or shape of the tubular structure 200. Figure 1B-1DAs shown, the wall 110 of the lumen 104 can gradually taper at a certain angle, such that the diameter of the lumen 104 decreases from the front diameter 1040D near the male receiving portion 108 at the front end 1020 of the main body 102 to the rear diameter 1042D at the rear end 1022 of the main body 102. The wall 110 is operable to abut against and / or approach the outer wall or outer surface of the tubular structure.

[0013] The taper angle 110A of the wall 110 of the lumen 104 can be between about 2 degrees and about 8 degrees. In some embodiments, the taper angle 110A of the wall 110 can be between about 3 degrees and about 6 degrees. In some embodiments, the taper angle 110A of the wall 110 can be between about 4 degrees and about 5 degrees. In some embodiments, the taper angle 110A of the wall 110 is about 4.46 degrees. The taper angle 110A can vary depending on the size and / or shape of the tubular structure 200 and / or the size, shape and / or angle of the fastener 22. This taper can form a seal with the tubular structure 200 and provide tensile strength.

[0014] Figure 1C and Figure 1D The dimensions (in millimeters) of an embodiment of the male ring 100 are shown. These dimensions are measured at different intervals, starting from the origin 0. The dimensions may vary and / or scale depending on the dimensions of the tubular structure 200.

[0015] Figure 2A and Figure 2B A male ring 100 coupled with a tubular structure 200 is shown. The tubular structure 200 may include a wall 202 forming a lumen 204.

[0016] The coupling device may include a cylinder 20 operable to be received within a lumen 204 of a tubular structure 200. The cylinder 20 may include one or more fasteners 22 operable to at least partially pierce the wall 202 of the tubular structure 200 and engage the male ring 100, thereby coupling the male ring 100 to the tubular structure 200. In at least one embodiment, the fastener 22 may extend from the cylinder 20 at an angle. In some embodiments, the fastener 22 may be operable to pierce the wall 110 of the male ring 100.

[0017] In at least one embodiment, wall 110 is operable to press a fastener 22 extending from tubular structure 200 against the outside of wall 202 of tubular structure 200. In at least one embodiment, fastener 22 may not pierce wall 110 of male ring 100.

[0018] The lumen 204 of the tubular structure 200 can be aligned with and / or fluidly connected to the lumen 104 of the male ring 100, allowing fluid to flow between the lumen 204 of the tubular structure 200 and the lumen 104 of the male ring 100.

[0019] The male ring 100 and / or cylinder 20 may be made of a material with suitable mechanical properties, approved and having sufficient strength for use in the human or animal body. For example, the following materials may be used alone or in combination: metals, particularly titanium or stainless steel, including special alloys for implants and medical devices; nitinol; carbon materials including carbon fiber mesh; soft plastics such as silicone; hard plastics such as Teflon; ceramic materials; and / or bioabsorbable materials. The male ring 100 and / or cylinder 20 may be wholly or partially provided with a coating and / or structure to prevent or at least reduce the adhesion of blood components. This coating may be made of a material that allows for surface smoothing. In at least one embodiment, the coating may also contain an antithrombotic drug (e.g., heparin).

[0020] The process of coupling the male ring 100 with the tubular structure 200 described above can be repeated for the second tubular structure 200 and the female ring 300. Figures 3A-4B The female ring 300 is shown. Similar to the male ring 100 discussed above, the female ring 300 includes an aperture 304 operable to receive the tubular structure 200 and a wall 310 that tapers gradually at an angle 310A. The wall 310 is operable to abut against and / or approach the outer wall or outer surface of the tubular structure.

[0021] The mother ring 300 includes a body 302 forming a hole 304. The mother ring 300 is operable to receive a tubular structure 200 through the hole 304. Although Figure 1A The mother ring 300 shown has a generally circular shape, but the mother ring 300 can have any suitable shape, such as rectangular, triangular, octagonal, hexagonal, and / or elliptical. Furthermore, Figure 1A The mother ring 300 shown is a single solid component. In some embodiments, for ease of application or manufacture, the mother ring 300 may include two semi-circular or arcuate components connected together around the tubular structure 200. In other embodiments, the mother ring 300 may include multiple connectable components such that the mother ring 300 can accommodate the tubular structure 200 therein.

[0022] The female ring 300 may include a front end 3020 and a rear end 3022 opposite to the front end 3020. The front end 3020 is operable to accommodate the male ring 100 (e.g., Figure 5A and 5B (As shown).

[0023] The dimensions of the mother ring 300 and its lumen 304 can vary depending on the application and the size of the tubular structure 200. For example, the diameter of the lumen 304 can range from approximately 0.5 mm (e.g., for lymphatic connections) to approximately 60 mm (e.g., for gastrointestinal connections). Due to the wide range of diameters for both the mother ring 300 and the tubular structure 200, a suitable mother ring 300 can be selected by measuring the inner diameter of the tubular structure 200. This can be achieved, for example, using an endoluminal measuring guide / device. If there is a significant dimensional mismatch (1 mm or more) between the tubular structure 200 and the mother ring 300, a short cylindrical tube connector with corresponding male and female ends can be used to allow for a gradual transition in size in any direction, thus accommodating dimensional differences. For example, a tapered cylindrical tube with one end 1 mm-2 mm larger / smaller than the other can be provided, which would enable seamless connection of 1 mm vessels to 2.5 mm-3.5 mm vessels, and vice versa, during microsurgery.

[0024] The female ring 300 may include a female receiving portion 3040 formed as part of a lumen 304. In at least one embodiment, the female receiving portion 3040 may be formed near the front end 3020 of the body 302. The female receiving portion 3040 may be in the form of a groove or a notch. The female receiving portion 3040 may have a lip 306 extending into the female receiving portion 3040. The lip 306 may correspond to a protrusion 106 such that when the male ring 100 is received in the female receiving portion 3040, the protrusion 106 extends into and over the lip 306. Once the protrusion 106 is inserted over the lip 306, the abutment between the protrusion 106 and the lip 306 couples the male ring 100 to the female ring 300. Thus, the lip 306 and the protrusion 106 provide a snap-fit ​​engagement between the male ring 100 and the female ring 300.

[0025] The female receiving portion 3040 also includes a recess 3082 operable to receive the front end 1020 of the male ring 100. An abutment portion 308 adjacent to the recess 3082 is operable to be received within the male receiving portion 108. With the recess 3082 and the abutment portion 308 corresponding to the front end 1020 and the male receiving portion 108 respectively, the male ring 100 and the female ring 300 are aligned and coupled to each other. With the recess 3082 and the abutment portion 308 corresponding to the front end 1020 and the male receiving portion 108 respectively, the male ring 100 and the female ring 300 are operable to form a seal, preventing fluid leakage from the coupling. The male ring 100 and the female ring 300 can be compressed together to form a seal and prevent leakage.

[0026] like Figure 3B-3DAs shown, the wall 330 of the cavity 304 can be gradually tapered at a certain angle, so that the diameter of the cavity 304 decreases from the front diameter 3040D at the end of the male receiving portion 308 near the front end 3020 of the main body 302 to the rear diameter 3042D at the rear end 3022 of the main body 302. This taper can form a seal with the tubular structure 200 and provide tensile strength.

[0027] The taper angle 330A of the wall 330 of the lumen 304 can be between about 2 degrees and about 8 degrees. In some embodiments, the taper angle 330A of the wall 330 can be between about 3 degrees and about 6 degrees. In some embodiments, the taper angle 330A of the wall 330 can be between about 4 degrees and about 5 degrees. In some embodiments, the taper angle 330A of the wall 330 is about 4.46 degrees. The taper angle 330A can vary depending on the size and / or shape of the tubular structure 200 and / or the size, shape and / or angle of the fastener 22.

[0028] Figure 3C and Figure 3D The dimensions (in millimeters) of an embodiment of the mother ring 300 are shown. These dimensions are measured at different intervals, starting from the origin 0. The dimensions may vary and / or be scaled depending on the dimensions of the tubular structure 200.

[0029] Figure 4A and Figure 4B A parent ring 300 coupled with a tubular structure 200 is shown. The tubular structure 200 may include a wall 202 forming a lumen 204.

[0030] The coupling device may include a cylinder 20 operable to be received within a lumen 204 of a tubular structure 200. The cylinder 20 may include one or more fasteners 22 operable to pierce a wall 202 of the tubular structure 200 and engage a female ring 300, thereby coupling the female ring 300 to the tubular structure 200. In at least one embodiment, the fastener 22 may extend from the cylinder 20 at an angle. In some embodiments, the fastener 22 may be operable to pierce a wall 330 of the female ring 300.

[0031] In at least one embodiment, wall 330 is operable to press a fastener 22 extending from tubular structure 200 against the outside of wall 202 of tubular structure 200. Fastener 22 may not pierce wall 330 of mother ring 300.

[0032] The lumen 204 of the tubular structure 200 can be aligned with and / or fluidly connected to the lumen 304 of the mother ring 300, so that fluid can flow between the lumen 204 of the tubular structure 200 and the lumen 304 of the mother ring 300.

[0033] The mother ring 300 and / or the cylinder 20 may be made of a mechanically suitable, approved material with sufficient strength for use in the human or animal body. For example, materials may be used alone or in combination: metals, particularly titanium or stainless steel, including special alloys for implants and medical devices; nitinol; carbon materials, including carbon fiber mesh; soft plastics such as silicone; hard plastics such as Teflon; ceramic materials; and / or bioabsorbable materials. The mother ring 300 and / or the cylinder 20 may be wholly or partially coated and / or constructed. In some embodiments, the coating and / or structure is operable to prevent or at least reduce the adhesion of blood components. Such a coating may be made of a material that can smooth the surface. In at least one embodiment, the coating may also contain an antithrombotic drug (e.g., heparin, a hydrophilic coating, etc.). In some embodiments, the coating and / or structure is operable to prevent scar formation and / or adhesion. In some embodiments, the coating and / or structure may have other beneficial properties to facilitate the anastomosis procedure.

[0034] like Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, the male ring 100 is housed in the female receiving portion 3040 of the female ring 300 to couple the male ring 100 to the female ring 300 and to couple the two tubular structures 200, thereby enabling fluid communication between the lumens 204 of the two tubular structures 200. In some embodiments, the rings 100 and 300 may be coupled to each other by means of fastening, snapping, clamping, bracket fixing, nailing, pinning, hook and loop connection, adhesive and / or other connection methods, as long as the rings 300 can be securely coupled to each other.

[0035] like Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, when rings 100 and 300 are coupled to each other, the lumens 204 of the two tubular structures 200 are aligned and fluid communication is achieved. In at least one embodiment, rings 100 and 300 can form a seal to prevent fluid leakage. Therefore, this anastomosis coupler provides a more reliable, faster, and more robust anastomosis coupling device for establishing a sealed, leak-proof, and unobstructed connection between the ends of the tubular structures 200, allowing stent-supported, unobstructed flow of the lumen contents (e.g., blood, lymph, fluid, feces, gastric contents, etc.) through this connection / anastomosis. The connection is strong enough to withstand tension, traction, and high flow pressure, which may occur in the event of distal obstruction.

[0036] In at least one embodiment, for example, Figure 1A , 1BAs shown in 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B and 4A-5A, the male ring 100 and / or the female ring 300 may include a biosensor 180 operable to detect and / or measure parameters of the tubular structure 200, such as fluid flow rate. In at least one embodiment, the biosensor 180 may be disposed in the male ring 100 and / or the female ring 300.

[0037] In at least one embodiment, the biosensor 180 may be used in conjunction with a male ring 100 and / or a female ring 300, as described above, which may be coupled to the tubular structure 200 via a cylinder 20. In some embodiments, the biosensor 180 may be disposed within a ring coupled to the tubular structure 200 via other coupling mechanisms, such as sutures, adhesives, compression, etc., without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the biosensor 180 may be operable to detect and / or measure parameters via stents, intact blood vessels, sutures, anastomoses, etc.

[0038] The biosensor 180 may include a wireless bioelectronic sensor. The biosensor 180 may be disposed along a ring (e.g., male ring 100, female ring 300, and / or a ring that may be positioned around the tubular structure 200). In at least one embodiment, the biosensor 180 may be disposed along the inner diameter of the ring and / or located within the inner diameter of the ring. In at least one embodiment, the biosensor 180 may be located within the wall of the ring. In some embodiments, the biosensor 180 may be disposed within the wall of the ring, near or exposed from the end of the ring. In some embodiments, the biosensor 180 may be exposed from the wall of the ring such that when the ring contacts the tubular structure 200, the biosensor 180 may be in direct contact with the tubular structure 200. Therefore, when the ring is in direct contact with the tubular structure 200, the biosensor 180 can identify and record parameters in real time. For example, the measured parameters may include, but are not limited to: the presence / absence of any flow, the flow velocity through the ring and / or tubular structure 200, the blood oxygen saturation of blood / fluid within the tubular structure 200, hemoglobin concentration, blood flow turbulence, blood flow waveform, pulsation, intrastructural pressure, novel biomarkers of ischemia and / or thrombosis, etc. The data stream corresponding to the parameters measured by the biosensor 180 can be wirelessly transmitted from the rings 100 and 300 to a computing device (e.g., a computer, telephone, server, etc.) for diagnostic monitoring purposes. In some embodiments, the data stream can be continuously transmitted from the rings 100 and 300 to the computing device. The computing device may include a computer, telephone, server, website, tablet, application, and / or a separate monitor / monitoring device. Based on this data stream, the computing device can assist and alert patients and / or clinicians to determine the health status of the monitored underlying vascular / tubular structure, including the presence of flow, the presence of normal, unobstructed blood flow, the presence of turbulence, the presence of increased structural resistance, or vascular stenosis / thrombosis, and / or the patency of corresponding anastomoses, stents, or grafts near the biosensor 180. This data stream can be used for diagnosis to identify any potential impending blood flow impairment and whether further intervention is needed to improve blood flow in the tubular structure 200. In some embodiments, the biosensor 180 can detect fluid leakage from the tubular structure 200. If leakage occurs, the biosensor 180 can transmit such data to a computing device, which can then alert the user to the leakage. A clinician can then address the leakage problem.

[0039] In at least one embodiment, the biosensor 180 may be integrated within the outer rings 100, 300, and / or may be configured as its own layer, located between the rings 100, 300 and the underlying tubular structure 200, and / or between any underlying anchoring mechanism within the tubular structure 200 and the outer rings 100, 300.

[0040] The biosensor 180 can be integrated into the entire area of ​​the anastomosis by incorporating it into the male part 100 and the female part 300 of the ring, or it can be set on a ring 100, 300.

[0041] In at least one embodiment, the biosensor 180 may contact the entire circumference of the rings 100, 300 and the tubular structure 200. In at least one embodiment, the biosensor 180 may contact a portion of the rings 100, 300 and / or the tubular structure 200.

[0042] The biosensor 180 may be made of any suitable biological material for sensing purposes, including the possibility of permanent and / or bioabsorbable materials.

[0043] The biosensor 180 can utilize sensing technologies to measure desired parameters in the tubular structure 200 and / or leakage from the tubular structure 200. For example, the biosensor 180 can utilize at least one of the following technologies: electrical, optical, optoelectronic, acoustic, radio frequency, impedance, microfluidics, and / or biomedical microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS).

[0044] The disclosures shown and described above are merely embodiments. While numerous features and advantages of the present technology, as well as details of the structure and function of this disclosure, have been set forth in the foregoing description, this disclosure is illustrative only and changes may be made in detail, particularly in the shape, size, and arrangement of components within the scope of the principles of this disclosure, as indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms used in the appended claims. Therefore, it should be understood that the above embodiments may be modified within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A matching coupler, comprising: A mother ring having a mother receiving section, the mother ring being operable to couple with a first tubular structure; as well as A male ring operable to couple with a second tubular structure. The male ring is operable to be at least partially accommodated in the female receiving portion of the female ring to couple the first tubular structure with the second tubular structure, such that the lumen of the first tubular structure is aligned with the lumen of the second tubular structure and fluid communication is achieved.

2. The matching coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The male ring includes a protrusion, and the female ring includes a lip.

3. The anastomosis coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the male ring is received by the female ring, the protrusion is operable to insert over the lip, thereby coupling the male ring to the female ring.

4. The anastomosis coupler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protrusion is operable to abut against the lip, thereby coupling the male ring to the female ring.

5. The anastomosis coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The female receiving portion includes a recess operable to receive the front end of the male ring.

6. The anastomosis coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that, The abutment portion near the recess is operable to be received in the male receiving portion.

7. The anastomosis coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that, The recess and the abutting portion correspond to the front end and the male receiving portion, respectively, and the male ring and the female ring are aligned and coupled to each other.

8. The anastomosis coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that, The male ring and the female ring are operable to form a seal by the recess and the abutment portion corresponding to the front end and the male receiving portion, respectively, so that fluid will not leak from the matching coupler.

9. The anastomosis coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the male ring and / or the female ring has a tapered wall.

10. A ring, comprising: One or more walls operable to accommodate a tubular structure; as well as A biosensor housed within one or more walls, the biosensor being operable to detect and / or measure one or more parameters within the tubular structure.

11. The ring according to claim 10, characterized in that, The biosensor is operable to wirelessly transmit the detected and / or measured one or more parameters to a computing device.

12. The ring according to claim 10, characterized in that, The biosensor is operable to measure leakage from the tubular structure.

13. The ring according to claim 10, characterized in that, The biosensor is operable to utilize at least one of the following technologies: electrical, optical, optoelectronic, acoustic, radio frequency, impedance, microfluidics, and / or biomedical microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS).

14. An anastomosis system, comprising: A mother ring having a mother receiving portion and a tapered wall, the mother ring being operable to accommodate a first tubular structure; A first cylinder operable to be received in the lumen of the first tubular structure, the first cylinder operable to engage with the mother ring, thereby coupling the mother ring to the first tubular structure; Operable to accommodate a male ring of a second tubular structure; and a second cylinder operable to be received within the lumen of the second tubular structure, the second cylinder operable to engage with the male ring, thereby coupling the male ring to the second tubular structure. The male ring is operable to be at least partially accommodated in the female receiving portion of the female ring to couple the first tubular structure with the second tubular structure, such that the lumen of the first tubular structure is aligned with the lumen of the second tubular structure and fluid communication is achieved.

15. The anastomosis system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The male ring includes a protrusion, and the female ring includes a lip.

16. The anastomosis system according to claim 15, characterized in that, When the male ring is received by the female ring, the protrusion is operable to insert over the lip, thereby coupling the male ring to the female ring.

17. The anastomosis system according to claim 16, characterized in that, The protrusion is operable to abut against the lip, thereby coupling the male ring to the female ring.

18. The anastomosis system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The female receiving portion includes a recess operable to receive the front end of the male ring.

19. The anastomosis system according to claim 18, characterized in that, The abutment portion near the recess is operable to be received in the male receiving portion.

20. The anastomosis system according to claim 18, characterized in that, The male ring and the female ring are operable to form a seal by the recess and the abutment portion corresponding to the front end and the male receiving portion, respectively, so that fluid does not leak from the male ring and the female ring.

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