Composite flora and activated mineral synergistic bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite flora and activated mineral synergistic bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing and mixing organic raw materials, adding a compound bacterium enzyme preparation, and sequentially carrying out two-stage temperature-controlled fermentation of high-temperature aerobic fermentation and medium-temperature curing to obtain a high-activity fermented material; the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out nano micropore activation treatment on monoclinoptilolite by using a hydrochloric acid solution to obtain activated zeolite with high specific surface area; and finally, mixing the fermented material with the activated zeolite in proportion, chelating at low temperature, granulating and drying to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer. Through composite flora construction, mineral nano activation and a step-by-step synergistic process, the effective viable count of the product reaches 2.0 billion CFU / g or above, the Pb < 2 + > adsorption rate exceeds 85%, and nutrient slow release and remarkable growth promoting effects are achieved. The product integrates the functions of soil improvement, disease inhibition, heavy metal restoration and nutrient slow release, and is suitable for ecological planting of various crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bio-agricultural technology, and in particular to a bio-organic fertilizer that combines a complex microbial community with activated minerals and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of my country's green agricultural development strategy, the soil compaction, ecological imbalance, and agricultural product safety hazards caused by traditional chemical fertilizers are becoming increasingly prominent. Bio-organic fertilizers, with biotechnology and organic resources at their core, have become a key direction for industrial upgrading. Currently, most commercially available bio-organic fertilizers use simple composting processes, which have the following core defects: single microbial strains, low effective viable bacteria counts, and poor stability, resulting in limited inhibitory effects on soil-borne diseases; the products mainly focus on providing basic organic matter, lacking the ability to deeply improve soil structure and remediate heavy metal pollution, and generally do not integrate trace element slow-release and energy supply systems, resulting in fertilizer utilization rates of less than 40%. Especially in the application of compound microbial communities, existing technologies have not effectively solved the problems of synergistic symbiosis and long-term colonization among multiple microbial strains; regarding the addition of activated minerals, most products only involve physical mixing, failing to improve the specific surface area and ion exchange performance of minerals through activation technology, making it difficult to achieve the dual goals of heavy metal adsorption and nutrient slow release.

[0003] Therefore, developing a bio-organic fertilizer preparation technology that integrates highly active compound microbial communities with high-efficiency activated minerals to achieve integrated functions of "conditioning-promoting growth-preventing disease" has become an urgent task to break through industry bottlenecks and meet the needs of ecological agriculture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a bio-organic fertilizer and its preparation method that combines a complex microbial community with activated minerals. This solves the technical problems of existing bio-organic fertilizers, such as low microbial community activity, limited functionality, lack of soil remediation capabilities, and low nutrient utilization. Through the synergistic technology of the complex microbial community and activated minerals, a multi-functional integrated system is achieved, encompassing soil improvement, disease suppression, slow nutrient release, and enhanced crop stress resistance and quality.

[0005] This invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer synergistically combining a complex microbial community and activated minerals includes the following steps: Step 1: Crush and mix the organic raw materials to obtain mixed organic material, add compound bacterial enzyme preparation and ferment fully to obtain fermented material containing highly active compound bacterial groups; Step 2: The monoclinic zeolite ((Na,K)6[Al6Si30O72]·24H2O) is subjected to nanoporous activation treatment to obtain activated zeolite; Step 3: Mix the fermented material with activated zeolite and stir and chelate it thoroughly at 25-45℃ to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, granulate it using a disc granulator, dry it at 45-65℃, and sieve it to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer with the synergistic effect of compound microbial community and activated minerals.

[0006] Preferably, the organic raw materials in step 1 are selected from at least one of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, straw, sugarcane bagasse, mushroom residue, and soybean meal, and the organic matter content after mixing is 40.0%-60%.

[0007] Preferably, the organic raw materials in step 1 account for 90%-95% of the final organic fertilizer by mass.

[0008] Preferably, the compound microbial enzyme preparation in step 1 accounts for 0.4%-0.6% of the final organic fertilizer by mass.

[0009] Preferably, the full fermentation in step 1 specifically involves: high-temperature aerobic fermentation at 55-65℃ for 3-5 days; then adjusting the temperature to 40-50℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 7-10 days; turning the pile regularly during fermentation to maintain oxygen supply; and at the end of fermentation, the material is odorless and has a dark brown, loose texture.

[0010] Preferably, the nanopore activation treatment in step 2 specifically involves: using a 0.5-3 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to stir the monoclinic zeolite at 80-95°C for 2-6 hours, followed by washing with deionized water until neutral and drying.

[0011] Preferably, in step 3, the mass ratio of fermentation material to activated zeolite is (8-12):1.

[0012] Preferably, in step 3, the tilt angle of the disc granulator is 45-60° and the rotation speed is 15-35 rpm.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention constructs a synergistic technology system integrating compound bacterial enzyme preparations, staged temperature-controlled fermentation, and zeolite nano-activation, significantly improving the overall performance of bio-organic fertilizer. Firstly, by combining highly active compound bacterial enzyme preparations with a two-stage temperature-controlled fermentation process (55-65℃ high-temperature aerobic fermentation and 40-50℃ medium-temperature maturation), not only is the activity and stability of the microbial community effectively improved, resulting in a stable effective viable bacteria count of over 190 million CFU / g in the finished product, but fermentation efficiency and material maturity are also improved, providing a foundation for microbial colonization and functional performance. Subsequently, by subjecting zeolite to nanoporous acid activation treatment, its specific surface area and ion exchange capacity are significantly increased, giving the product highly efficient heavy metal adsorption performance (Pb²⁺ adsorption rate ≥85%) and excellent nutrient slow-release characteristics (28-day nitrogen cumulative release rate 70-78%), achieving the dual functions of pollution remediation and balanced fertilization. Finally, the aforementioned microbial community, activated minerals, and organic raw materials are chelated and molded at low temperature to form a stable and synergistic system. In application, it has a significant effect on promoting crop growth (increasing fresh weight of potted plants by 43-52%), and has the multi-functional integrated advantages of improving soil, inhibiting diseases, and improving fertilizer utilization, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional products with single functions and insufficient performance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 The organic matter content and effective live bacteria count of bio-organic fertilizer; Figure 2 The nutrient slow-release performance, heavy metal adsorption performance, and plant growth promotion effect of bio-organic fertilizer. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following provides a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention: These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally performed under conventional conditions.

[0016] Example 1: A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial communities and activated minerals, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix well-rotted pig manure, crushed corn stalks, and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. After mixing, the organic matter content is measured to be 40.0%. The mixed organic material is then fed to a pulverizer for crushing and passing through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain a uniformly sized mixed organic material. Then, a compound microbial enzyme preparation accounting for 0.4% of the total mass of the final organic fertilizer is sprayed. The material is then transferred to a trough-type fermentation tank, and the initial material moisture content is controlled at 55±5%. First, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out at 55℃ for 5 days. Then, the temperature is adjusted to 40℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 10 days. During the fermentation process, the pile is turned regularly to maintain oxygen supply. At the end of the fermentation, the material is odorless, dark brown, and loose, and finally, a fermented material containing highly active compound microbial communities is obtained. Step 2: Using 5L of hydrochloric acid solution (0.5mol / L), 1kg of monoclinic zeolite ((Na,K)6[Al6Si30O72]·24H2O) was stirred at 200rpm for 6h at 80℃. Then it was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried to obtain activated zeolite. Step 3: Mix the fermented material and activated zeolite at a mass ratio of 8:1, and thoroughly stir and chelate at 25℃ and 30 rpm to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, use a disc granulator to granulate the chelated material. Adjust the process parameters of the disc granulator: disc inclination angle of 45°, rotation speed of 15 rpm, and dry at 45℃ until the moisture content is 15%. The particles with a particle size of 3.5±0.5 mm are screened by a vibrating screener to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer with the synergistic effect of compound microbial community and activated minerals.

[0017] Example 2: A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial communities and activated minerals, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix well-rotted pig manure, crushed corn stalks, and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. After mixing, the organic matter content is measured to be 50.0%. The mixed organic material is then fed to a pulverizer for crushing and passing through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain a uniformly sized mixed organic material. Then, a compound microbial enzyme preparation accounting for 0.5% of the total mass of the final organic fertilizer is sprayed on the mixture. The material is then transferred to a trough-type fermentation tank, and the initial material moisture content is controlled at 55±5%. First, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out at 60℃ for 4 days. Then, the temperature is adjusted to 45℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 8.5 days. During the fermentation process, the material is turned regularly to maintain oxygen supply. At the end of the fermentation, the material is odorless, dark brown, and loose, and a fermented material containing highly active compound microbial communities is finally obtained. Step 2: Using 5L of hydrochloric acid solution (1.75mol / L), 1kg of monoclinic zeolite ((Na,K)6[Al6Si30O72]·24H2O) was stirred at 200rpm for 4h at 85℃. Then it was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried to obtain activated zeolite. Step 3: Mix the fermented material and activated zeolite at a mass ratio of 10:1, and thoroughly stir and chelate at 35℃ and 30 rpm to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, use a disc granulator to granulate the chelated material. Adjust the process parameters of the disc granulator: disc inclination angle of 55°, rotation speed of 25 rpm, and dry at 55℃ to a moisture content of 15%. The particles with a particle size of 3.5±0.5mm are screened by a vibrating screener to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer with the synergistic effect of compound microbial community and activated minerals.

[0018] Example 3: A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial communities and activated minerals, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix well-rotted pig manure, crushed corn stalks, and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. After mixing, the organic matter content is measured to be 60%. The mixed organic material is then fed to a pulverizer for crushing and passing through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain a uniformly sized mixed organic material. Then, a compound bacterial enzyme preparation accounting for 0.6% of the total mass of the final organic fertilizer is sprayed on the mixture. The material is then transferred to a trough-type fermentation tank, and the initial material moisture content is controlled at 55±5%. First, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out at 65℃ for 3 days. Then, the temperature is adjusted to 50℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 7 days. During the fermentation process, the material is turned regularly to maintain oxygen supply. At the end of the fermentation, the material is odorless, dark brown, and loose, and finally, a fermented material containing highly active compound bacterial groups is obtained. Step 2: Using 5L of hydrochloric acid solution (3mol / L), 1kg of monoclinic zeolite ((Na,K)6[Al6Si30O72]·24H2O) was stirred at 200rpm for 2h at 95℃. Then it was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried to obtain activated zeolite. Step 3: Mix the fermented material and activated zeolite at a mass ratio of 12:1, and thoroughly stir and chelate at 45℃ and 30 rpm to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, use a disc granulator to granulate the chelated material. Adjust the process parameters of the disc granulator: disc inclination angle of 60°, rotation speed of 35 rpm, and dry at 65℃ to a moisture content of 15%. The particles with a diameter of 3.5±0.5 mm are screened by a vibrating screener to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer with the synergistic effect of compound microbial community and activated minerals.

[0019] Example 4: A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial communities and activated minerals, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix well-rotted pig manure, crushed corn stalks, and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. After mixing, the organic matter content is measured to be 60%. The mixed organic material is then fed to a pulverizer for crushing and passing through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain a uniformly sized mixed organic material. Then, a compound bacterial enzyme preparation accounting for 0.6% of the total mass of the final organic fertilizer is sprayed on the mixture. The material is then transferred to a trough-type fermentation tank, and the initial material moisture content is controlled at 55±5%. First, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out at 55℃ for 3 days. Then, the temperature is adjusted to 40℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 10 days. During the fermentation process, the material is turned regularly to maintain oxygen supply. At the end of the fermentation, the material is odorless, dark brown, and loose, and a fermented material containing highly active compound bacterial groups is finally obtained. Step 2: Using 5L of hydrochloric acid solution (3mol / L), 1kg of monoclinic zeolite ((Na,K)6[Al6Si30O72]·24H2O) was stirred at 200rpm for 6h at 95℃. Then it was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried to obtain activated zeolite. Step 3: Mix the fermented material and activated zeolite at a mass ratio of 8:1, and thoroughly stir and chelate at 25℃ and 30 rpm to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, use a disc granulator to granulate the chelated material. Adjust the process parameters of the disc granulator: disc inclination angle of 60°, rotation speed of 35 rpm, and dry at 45℃ to a moisture content of 15%. The particles with a particle size of 3.5±0.5 mm are screened by a vibrating screener to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer with the synergistic effect of compound microbial community and activated minerals.

[0020] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no compound bacterial enzyme preparation is added.

[0021] A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer containing activated minerals includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix well-rotted pig manure, crushed corn stalks, and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. After mixing, the organic matter content is measured to be 40.0%. The mixed organic material is then fed to a crusher for crushing and passed through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain a uniformly sized mixed organic material. This material is then transferred to a trough-type fermentation tank. The initial material moisture content is controlled at 55±5%. High-temperature aerobic fermentation is first carried out at 55℃ for 5 days. Subsequently, the temperature is adjusted to 40℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 10 days. During the fermentation process, the material is turned regularly to maintain oxygen supply. At the end of the fermentation, the material is odorless, dark brown, and loose, thus obtaining the fermented material. Step 2: Using 5L of hydrochloric acid solution (0.5mol / L), 1kg of monoclinic zeolite ((Na,K)6[Al6Si30O72]·24H2O) was stirred at 200rpm for 6h at 80℃. Then it was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried to obtain activated zeolite. Step 3: Mix the fermented material and activated zeolite at a mass ratio of 8:1, and thoroughly stir and chelate at 25℃ and 30 rpm to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, granulate the chelated material using a disc granulator. Adjust the disc granulator process parameters: disc inclination angle 45°, rotation speed 15 rpm, and dry at 45℃ until the moisture content is 15%. Sieve the granules using a vibrating screen to obtain particles with a diameter of 3.5 ± 0.5 mm, thus producing a bio-organic fertilizer containing activated minerals. Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that monoclinic zeolite is used instead of activated zeolite.

[0022] A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer containing a complex microbial community includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix well-rotted pig manure, crushed corn stalks, and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. After mixing, the organic matter content is measured to be 40.0%. The mixed organic material is then fed to a pulverizer for crushing and passing through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain a uniformly sized mixed organic material. Then, a compound microbial enzyme preparation accounting for 0.4% of the total mass of the final organic fertilizer is sprayed. The material is then transferred to a trough-type fermentation tank, and the initial material moisture content is controlled at 55±5%. First, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out at 55℃ for 5 days. Then, the temperature is adjusted to 40℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 10 days. During the fermentation process, the pile is turned regularly to maintain oxygen supply. At the end of the fermentation, the material is odorless, dark brown, and loose, and finally, a fermented material containing highly active compound microbial communities is obtained. Step 2: Mix the fermented material and monoclinic zeolite at a mass ratio of 8:1, and thoroughly stir and chelate at 25℃ and 30 rpm to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, granulate the chelated material using a disc granulator. Adjust the disc granulator process parameters: disc inclination angle 45°, rotation speed 15 rpm, and dry at 45℃ until the moisture content is 15%. Sieve the granules to obtain particles with a diameter of 3.5 ± 0.5 mm using a vibrating screen to produce a bio-organic fertilizer containing a complex microbial community. Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that traditional one-time composting is used instead of staged temperature-controlled fermentation.

[0023] A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer synergistically combining a complex of microorganisms and activated minerals includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix well-rotted pig manure, crushed corn stalks, and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. After mixing, the organic matter content is measured to be 40.0%. The mixed organic material is then fed to a crusher for crushing and passed through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed organic material with uniform particle size. Then, a compound microbial enzyme preparation accounting for 0.4% of the total mass of the final organic fertilizer is sprayed on the mixture. The material is piled in an open field into a long strip with a base width of about 2m and a height of about 1.5m. No temperature control is applied, and fermentation continues for 30 days. The fermentation ends when the temperature no longer rises, the volume of the material decreases, the color turns into an uneven dark brown, and there is still a slight ammonia and rancid smell. This yields a fermented material containing highly active compound microbial communities. Step 2: Using 5L of hydrochloric acid solution (0.5mol / L), 1kg of monoclinic zeolite ((Na,K)6[Al6Si30O72]·24H2O) was stirred at 200rpm for 6h at 80℃. Then it was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried to obtain activated zeolite. Step 3: Mix the fermented material and activated zeolite at a mass ratio of 8:1, and thoroughly stir and chelate at 25℃ and 30 rpm to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, use a disc granulator to granulate the chelated material. Adjust the process parameters of the disc granulator: disc inclination angle of 45°, rotation speed of 15 rpm, and dry at 45℃ until the moisture content is 15%. The particles with a particle size of 3.5±0.5 mm are screened by a vibrating screener to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer with the synergistic effect of compound microbial community and activated minerals.

[0024] Performance testing 1. Organic matter content The determination of organic matter content in bio-organic fertilizer using the potassium dichromate titration method according to NY / T 525-2021 standard is as follows: First, dry the sample at 65℃ to constant weight and grind it through a 0.5mm sieve; accurately weigh 0.2g of the sample and place it in an Erlenmeyer flask, add 25.00mL of 0.4mol / L potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid solution, and boil the mixture in a sand bath at 180℃ for 5min. After cooling, dilute the solution and titrate with 0.2mol / L ferrous sulfate standard solution to a brick-red endpoint using o-phenanthroline as an indicator; simultaneously perform a blank test, calculate the organic matter content according to the formula, where 1.724 is the organic carbon conversion factor and 1.10 is the oxidation correction factor. The results are expressed as mass fraction, and the absolute deviation of parallel determinations is allowed to be ≤0.6%.

[0025]

[0026] 2 Effective viable bacteria count The effective viable bacteria count of bio-organic fertilizer was determined according to the NY 884-2012 standard. The steps are as follows: First, weigh 10.0g of sample and place it in an Erlenmeyer flask containing 90mL of sterile physiological saline and glass beads. Shake at 30℃ and 180rpm for 30min. After standing, obtain a bacterial suspension. Then, perform serial dilutions: add 1mL of bacterial suspension to a 9mL sterile physiological saline test tube to prepare a series of dilutions from 10⁻¹ to 10⁻⁷, changing the sterile pipette tip for each dilution. Select 2-3 suitable dilutions and spread 0.1mL of each onto the corresponding sterile agar plates (nutrient agar for bacteria, Gao's agar for actinomycetes). For the first dilution (using Martin's medium for fungi), three replicates were set for each dilution, and the plates were spread evenly using a spreader. The plates were then inverted in a constant temperature incubator. Bacteria were incubated at 30°C for 2-3 days, actinomycetes at 28°C for 5-7 days, and fungi at 28°C for 3-5 days. After incubation, plates with colony counts between 30-300 were selected for counting. The effective viable count (CFU / g) was calculated using the formula "effective viable count (CFU / g) = average colony count × dilution factor × 10 ÷ sample weight". The final effective viable count was the sum of the viable counts of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi, expressed as "100 million CFU / g". The entire process must be performed under aseptic conditions.

[0027] Table 1. Organic matter content and effective viable bacteria count of bio-organic fertilizer

[0028] As shown in Table 1, the organic matter content (46.2%-50.8%) and effective viable bacteria count (190-250 million CFU / g) of the example groups were significantly better than those of the comparative examples. This is primarily due to the synergistic effect of the compound microbial enzyme preparation, the two-stage temperature-controlled fermentation process, and the activated zeolite. Regarding organic matter content, the example groups consistently outperformed the comparative examples (42.3%-45.5%), mainly thanks to the two-stage temperature-controlled fermentation process. This process rapidly decomposes and sterilizes organic matter through a high-temperature stage (55-65℃), followed by a medium-temperature stage (40-50℃) to promote the full humification of functional microorganisms, achieving efficient and stable conversion of organic raw materials. In contrast, the traditional natural composting method used in Comparative Example 3 resulted in uncontrollable temperature and a long cycle, leading to incomplete decomposition and significant losses of organic matter, thus resulting in the lowest organic matter content.

[0029] In terms of effective viable cell count, the example group significantly outperformed the rest. The addition of the compound microbial enzyme preparation is fundamental to the microbial community; Comparative Example 1 (without addition) had a viable cell count of only 0.3 billion CFU / g, demonstrating that natural microbial sources cannot meet the demand for high microbial counts. The two-stage fermentation process provided the optimal environment for microbial community propagation: the high-temperature phase established the dominant population, while the mesophilic phase promoted cell proliferation and metabolism. Comparative Example 3, due to its outdated process, experienced inhibited microbial growth and increased mortality, resulting in a viable cell count of only 0.4 billion CFU / g.

[0030] 3. Nutrient slow-release performance Weigh 5.0g of bio-organic fertilizer sample and place it into a leaching column (5cm inner diameter) with filter paper and quartz sand at the bottom. Mix it thoroughly with 50.0g of quartz sand and spread it evenly. Fill the lower layer with 200.0g of standard quartz sand as an inert medium and set up a blank column control without fertilizer. Use 0.01mol / L calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution as the eluent. On the initial day (t=0), add 100mL of eluent to wet the column and collect the leaching liquid. Then place the leaching column in a constant temperature incubator at 25±1℃. The samples were incubated statically. On days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28, the samples were removed and 100 mL of elution buffer was added for elution. All elution was collected and the volume was recorded. After each elution was mixed, the samples were immediately or refrigerated for up to 24 hours. The concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry or a continuous flow analyzer. The amount of nitrogen released in a single elution, the cumulative amount released, the total nitrogen mass of the sample, and the cumulative nitrogen release rate at each time point were calculated.

[0031] 4. Heavy metal adsorption performance (taking lead ions as an example) Accurately weigh 1.0 g (accurate to 0.0001 g) of each fertilizer sample to be tested and place it in a 250 mL stoppered conical flask. Add 100 mL of a 100 mg / L Pb(NO3)2 simulated pollution solution (prepared with deionized water, pH adjusted to 5.5 ± 0.1). Place the conical flask in a constant temperature shaker and shake for 24 h at 25 ± 1 °C and 150 rpm to reach adsorption equilibrium. Then centrifuge the mixture at 8000 rpm for 10 min, and filter the supernatant through a 0.45 μm aqueous filter membrane. Determine the residual Pb2+ concentration in the filtrate using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Each sample group is tested in triplicate, and a blank control without added sample is set up. The adsorption rate (%) is calculated according to the following formula:

[0032] In the formula, C0 is the initial Pb2+ concentration (mg / L), and Ce is the Pb2+ concentration in the supernatant after adsorption equilibrium (mg / L).

[0033] 5. Plant growth promotion effect The experiment was conducted using greenhouse pot cultivation. The specific steps were as follows: cucumber seedlings (Jinchun No. 4) with uniform growth were selected and transplanted into plastic pots (20cm top diameter, 18cm height) containing an equal amount of sterilized soil (5kg per pot). An experimental group and a control group were set up. The experimental group received an equal mass (50g per pot) of the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 as base fertilizer. A blank control group without any fertilizer and a control group receiving an equal amount of ordinary compound fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were also included. Each group had 10 replicates. Potted plants were uniformly managed in a greenhouse with a temperature of 25-28℃, a light cycle of 14h / 10h, and a relative humidity of 60%-70%. They were watered regularly and in measured amounts to maintain the soil moisture content at 60%-70% of field capacity, without any additional fertilizer. On the 35th day after transplanting, all cucumber plants were cut at ground level, washed with deionized water, dried, and their above-ground fresh weight was immediately measured. The plant growth promoting effect of each fertilizer product was quantitatively evaluated by calculating the percentage increase in the average fresh weight of each fertilized group compared to the blank control group.

[0034] Table 2 Nutrient slow-release performance, heavy metal adsorption performance, and plant growth promotion effect

[0035] As shown in Table 2, the effective viable bacteria count of the products in Examples 1-4 was 190-250 million CFU / g. In contrast, the viable bacteria count of Comparative Example 1 (without added compound microbial enzyme preparation) and Comparative Example 3 (traditional composting process) was only 30 million CFU / g and 40 million CFU / g, respectively. This indicates that the compound microbial enzyme preparation and the two-stage temperature-controlled fermentation process are the key to obtaining and maintaining a highly active compound microbial community, and neither can be omitted.

[0036] Regarding heavy metal adsorption performance, the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in Example Group exhibited a Pb2+ adsorption rate as high as 85%-88%, demonstrating excellent soil remediation potential. This is mainly attributed to the nanoporous activation treatment of zeolite. In contrast, the adsorption rate of Comparative Example 2 (using monoclinic zeolite) plummeted to 48%, directly demonstrating the decisive role of this activation step in increasing the specific surface area and ion exchange capacity of zeolite, thereby enhancing its heavy metal adsorption performance.

[0037] Regarding its plant growth-promoting effects, in cucumber pot trials, the product in the example increased the fresh weight of plants by 43%-52% compared to the control group. In contrast, the effects of Comparative Example 1 (without compound bacteria, 30% increase) and Comparative Example 2 (monoclinic fermented zeolite, 38% increase) were significantly weaker, especially Comparative Example 3 (traditional fermentation, only 17% increase), which showed the worst effect. This fully demonstrates the comprehensive beneficial effect produced by the synergistic effect of highly active compound bacteria (promoting growth and disease resistance), activated minerals (slow-release nutrients, improving soil), and advanced fermentation technology (ensuring product safety and fertilizer efficiency).

[0038] Regarding the slow-release performance of nutrients, the nitrogen cumulative release rate of the product in the example was 70%-78% on day 28, exhibiting a slow and sustained release characteristic, which is beneficial for balanced nutrient supply throughout the crop's growth period. In contrast, Comparative Example 1 (85%) and Comparative Example 2 (88%) showed faster release, while Comparative Example 3 (82%) showed uneven release. This indicates that the adsorption and fixation of nutrients by the activated zeolite, along with the natural chelation effect produced by the high-quality fermented material, jointly achieved effective slow-release of nutrients.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer synergistically combining compound microbial communities and activated minerals, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Crush and mix the organic raw materials to obtain mixed organic material, add compound bacterial enzyme preparation and ferment fully to obtain fermented material containing highly active compound bacterial groups; Step 2: The monoclinic zeolite is activated by nanoporous treatment to obtain activated zeolite; Step 3: Mix the fermented material with activated zeolite and stir and chelate it thoroughly at 25-45℃ to obtain a uniformly mixed chelated material. Then, granulate it using a disc granulator, dry it at 45-65℃, and sieve it to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer with the synergistic effect of compound microbial community and activated minerals.

2. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial community and activated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the organic raw materials are selected from at least one of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, straw, sugarcane bagasse, mushroom residue, and soybean meal, and the organic matter content after mixing is 40.0%-60%.

3. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial community and activated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the organic raw materials account for 90%-95% of the final organic fertilizer by mass.

4. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial community and activated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the compound microbial enzyme preparation accounts for 0.4%-0.6% of the final organic fertilizer by mass.

5. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial community and activated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full fermentation in step 1 specifically involves: high-temperature aerobic fermentation at 55-65℃ for 3-5 days; then adjusting the temperature to 40-50℃ for medium-temperature maturation for 7-10 days; turning the pile regularly during fermentation to maintain oxygen supply; and at the end of fermentation, the material is odorless and has a dark brown, loose texture.

6. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial community and activated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nanopore activation treatment in step 2 specifically involves: using a 0.5-3 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to stir the monoclinic zeolite at 80-95℃ for 2-6 hours, followed by washing with deionized water until neutral and drying.

7. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial community and activated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the mass ratio of fermentation material to activated zeolite is (8-12):

1.

8. The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with synergistic effects of compound microbial community and activated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the tilt angle of the disc granulator is 45-60° and the rotation speed is 15-35 rpm.

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