Self-adaptive deformation curtain wall system and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of curtain wall construction, and provides a self-adaptive deformation curtain wall system and a construction method.The system comprises a glass curtain wall component, a main body steel structure component and a flexible connecting device arranged at the splicing intersection point of glass plates; the flexible connecting device comprises a self-adaptive deformation clamp fixed to the steel structure and at least two telescopic keels connected with the glass plates, and the glass plates are allowed to elastically move in multiple directions. The construction method comprises the steps of assembling the steel structure and the curtain wall unit on the ground, reserving a deformation sensitive area, integrally hoisting and supplementing at high altitude. Hoisting deformation is coordinated through the flexible joints, safe ground overall pre-assembly and high-altitude rapid installation are achieved, and the construction efficiency, safety and installation quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of curtain wall construction technology, specifically relating to an adaptive deformation curtain wall system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of architectural aesthetics, nonlinear, streamlined, and irregularly curved curtain walls are increasingly used in modern architecture to create unique visual images. However, the high-altitude installation of such complex curtain walls has always been a technical challenge in construction.

[0003] The current mainstream construction process is as follows: first, the main steel structure is fixed, and then individual glass panels are hoisted, positioned, and installed onto the steel structure one by one using scaffolding or suspended platforms at high altitudes. This process has significant disadvantages: long construction period and complex procedures; a large amount of work needs to be carried out in dangerous high-altitude environments, resulting in high safety risks and a high risk of accidents; and limited space for high-altitude operations makes it difficult to control installation accuracy and quality.

[0004] If the curtain wall units are pre-assembled with the main steel structure on the ground before hoisting, new problems will arise. Since the connections between curtain wall panels and between the curtain wall and the steel structure are typically rigid, the structural system will experience complex deformations due to its own weight, wind loads, and uneven stress during hoisting, lifting, and positioning. These deformations cannot be absorbed by the rigid connections, easily leading to the breakage of brittle glass panels under pressure, or causing localized deformation of the steel structure, affecting the final installation accuracy and structural safety.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new curtain wall system and construction method to achieve efficient installation of complex-shaped curtain walls while ensuring construction quality and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to change the traditional construction process of installing high-altitude nonlinear, streamlined, and irregularly curved curtain walls in multiple stages. At the same time, it overcomes the damage to the structure itself caused by the deformation generated during the overall hoisting and installation of glass curtain wall components and main steel structure components. The invention provides an adaptive deformation curtain wall system and construction method, solving the defects of existing technologies such as low efficiency and high risk in high-altitude installation of complex-shaped curtain walls, and the easy damage to components due to insufficient deformation coordination ability in ground pre-assembly.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention proposes an adaptive deformation curtain wall system, comprising a main steel structure component and a glass curtain wall component installed on the main steel structure component. The glass curtain wall component comprises multiple interlocking glass panels, with splicing seams formed between adjacent glass panels. The intersection of multiple splicing seams constitutes a deformation joint intersection point. The system further comprises a flexible connecting device disposed at the deformation joint intersection point. The flexible connecting device is configured to allow the glass panel to undergo elastic displacement relative to the main steel structure component in multiple directions. The flexible connecting device comprises an adaptive deformation clamp and at least two telescopic keels. The lower end of the adaptive deformation clamp is fixedly connected to the main steel structure component. The telescopic keels are arranged circumferentially along the deformation joint intersection point, each telescopic keel having a first end and a second end. The first end forms a flexible connection with the adaptive deformation clamp, and the second end is used for rigid connection to the edge of one of the glass panels.

[0008] Furthermore, the glass panel includes a glass body and a metal edge banding covering the edge of the glass body, and the second end of the telescopic keel is connected to the metal edge banding.

[0009] Furthermore, the system also includes a flexible sealant joint filled within the splice joint, the flexible sealant joint being made of silicone sealant and formed using a pressure injection process.

[0010] The high elasticity of silicone sealant allows it to adapt to the relative displacement of glass panels caused by temperature changes, wind loads, and construction deformation, ensuring the long-term airtightness and watertightness of the curtain wall. Compared to traditional manual application, pressure injection ensures a full and dense sealant, completely filling gaps and firmly bonding to the substrates on both sides. This eliminates potential quality issues such as internal cavities and incomplete bonding within the sealant joint, significantly improving the reliability and durability of the sealing system.

[0011] Furthermore, the flexible sealing joint covers the connection node between the second end and the metal edge seal.

[0012] The flexible sealing adhesive sealant covers the connection joint, providing corrosion and aging protection for the weld. The overall sealant coverage ensures the airtightness and watertightness of the joint, preventing moisture and air from seeping into the curtain wall from the connection gaps.

[0013] Furthermore, the glass body comprises double-layered glass arranged at intervals, and the flexible sealant extends into the gap between the double-layered glass.

[0014] It not only enhances the overall sealing performance of the weak corner of the insulating glass, but also allows the relative displacement between the inner and outer panes of the insulating glass and the displacement between the panes to be released in tandem through the flexible sealant joint during hoisting or deformation, reducing the stress at the corner of the insulating glass and further preventing it from cracking or failing to seal.

[0015] Furthermore, the telescopic keel includes a fixed sleeve, a welding embedded plate fixed inside the fixed sleeve, a telescopic spring connected to the welding embedded plate, and a movable tie rod connected to the telescopic spring; the end of the fixed sleeve facing away from the movable tie rod constitutes the second end of the telescopic keel; the end of the movable tie rod constitutes the first end of the telescopic keel and is connected to the adaptive deformation fixture.

[0016] By compressing and rebounding the spring, the required unidirectional (usually within the plane of the plate) large deformation capacity (such as not less than 20mm) is achieved efficiently and reliably, and the deformation is recoverable.

[0017] Furthermore, the adaptive deformation fixture includes a flexible anchor and a flexible connector; The flexible connector includes a plug-in portion and at least four connecting portions and at least four rubber pads arranged alternately at the upper end of the plug-in portion along a vertical direction; each connecting portion is connected to the first end of one of the telescopic keels; The lower end of the flexible anchor is fixedly connected to the main steel structure component, and the upper end is elastically connected to the flexible connector.

[0018] Furthermore, the flexible anchor includes a vertically arranged upright, a movable sleeve fitted on the upper end of the upright, and an elastic component vertically arranged inside the movable sleeve; the elastic component includes a first spring, a limiting plate, and a second spring connected sequentially from bottom to top; The lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upright, and the upper end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the limiting plate fixed inside the movable sleeve; the lower end of the second spring is connected to the limiting plate, and the upper end of the second spring is connected to the insertion part extending into the movable sleeve.

[0019] The flexible connector, through multiple connecting parts and rubber pads, provides independent, damped vertical (Z-axis) connection points for the telescopic keel in multiple directions, allowing each keel to deform independently in the Z-direction. The flexible anchor, through its internal two-stage spring system, achieves a greater overall deformation capacity (e.g., not less than 40mm) and load buffering for the entire node in the Z-direction. The limiting plate controls the action sequence and deformation distribution of the two-stage springs. This allows the node to deform not only in the X / Y directions (via the telescopic keel) but also to coordinate and absorb complex deformation and impact loads in the Z-direction (vertical), forming a three-dimensional flexible node.

[0020] Furthermore, the top ends of the flexible anchor and the flexible connector are respectively provided with horizontal limiting clamps at intervals; the glass plate is located between the two limiting clamps.

[0021] Two limiting clamps provide precise out-of-plane (Z-axis) positioning and restraint. Under installation and normal use conditions, the limiting clamps slightly constrain the thickness direction of the glass panel, assisting in rapid positioning and preventing unintended excessive displacement out of plane. In extreme situations such as strong winds, negative pressure, or construction collisions, the limiting clamps can act as a final protection against detachment, greatly improving the safety redundancy of the system.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention provides a construction method for a curtain wall system, the curtain wall system including the above-mentioned adaptive deformation curtain wall system, the construction method comprising the following steps: S1. Detailed design, determine the ground assembly unit division of glass curtain wall components and main steel structure components; determine the main steel structure unit of the main steel structure components and the glass curtain wall unit that is hoisted together with the main steel structure unit, wherein the glass curtain wall unit includes multiple glass panels spliced ​​together. S2. Perform ground assembly of the main steel structure units; S3. Perform ground assembly of glass curtain wall units, including installing the telescopic keel, connecting the glass panels to the second end of the corresponding telescopic keel, and injecting pressure glue into the splice joints between the glass panels to form a flexible sealant joint. At the same time, reserve hanging points and reserved deformation-sensitive areas for temporary assembly. S4. Hoist the main steel structure unit and glass curtain wall unit, which have been assembled on the ground, to the design elevation as a whole; S5. After hoisting and positioning, complete the installation of glass panels in the reserved deformation-sensitive areas and pressure injection of adhesive at high altitude; S6. Return to step S2 and proceed with the ground assembly of the next main steel structure unit; until all glass curtain wall components and main steel structure components are installed.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The curtain wall system of this invention incorporates flexible connection devices at the intersections of expansion joints where glass panels are spliced. These devices consist of adaptive deformation clamps and multiple telescopic keels. During the overall hoisting process, when the glass curtain wall components undergo overall bending or torsional deformation due to stress, the flexible connection devices located at each intersection become the hub for coordinating deformation. The adaptive deformation clamps serve as reference points for fixing to the main steel structure components, while the telescopic keels allow the connected glass panels to undergo limited and controllable elastic displacement in three-dimensional space. This transforms the concentrated stress, fatal to the glass in traditional rigid connections, into deformation energy absorbed and released through the elastic deformation of the keels, thereby fundamentally ensuring the structural safety of the pre-assembled ground units during hoisting, preventing glass breakage and plastic deformation of the steel structure, and making the efficient construction mode of large-area ground assembly and overall hoisting possible.

[0024] The core steps of this invention include ground unit division, integrated ground assembly, overall hoisting, high-altitude replenishment, and cyclical operation. Its beneficial effects are: transforming the most numerous and complex high-altitude bulk assembly operations into ground-based workshop operations and a small amount of high-altitude replenishment, fundamentally eliminating the risks of large-scale high-altitude operations. Ground assembly offers a superior environment, high efficiency, and accurate measurements, enabling high-quality, high-precision, and rapid parallel production; overall hoisting significantly reduces the time spent using large machinery at heights. It substantially reduces high-altitude measures costs, shortens the overall construction period, and lowers overall costs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the adaptive deformable curtain wall system of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a curtain wall system architecture in which the main steel structure components adopt a different structural form; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the glass curtain wall unit / glass curtain wall component of the adaptive deformable curtain wall system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible sealant joint formed by the adhesive injection in the splicing seam and the gap between the double-layer glass according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic keel structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive deformation fixture of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the telescopic keel and the adaptive deformation fixture of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1-Glass panel, 11-Metal edge banding, 12-Glass body, 13-Intersection of expansion joint; 2-Flexible sealant joint; 3-Telescopic keel, 31-Fixed sleeve; 32-Welded embedded plate, 33-Telescopic spring, 34-Modible tie rod, 35-First end, 36-Second end; 4-Adaptive deformation clamp, 41-Plug-in part, 42-Connecting part, 43-Rubber pad, 44-Upright pole; 45-Modible sleeve, 46-First spring, 47-Limiting plate, 48-Second spring, 49-Limiting clamp; 5-Main steel structure component, 51-Support, 52-Embedded part, 53-Supporting component, 54-Main steel structure pole; 6-Main concrete structure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1-7As shown, the adaptive deformable curtain wall system provided in this embodiment includes a main steel structure component and a glass curtain wall component installed on the main steel structure component. The glass curtain wall component includes multiple glass panels that are spliced ​​together. Splicing seams are formed between adjacent glass panels, and the intersection of multiple splicing seams constitutes the deformation joint intersection point.

[0029] The main steel structure component 5 is installed on the main concrete structure 6. The main steel structure component 5 includes a support 51 set on the main concrete structure 6, an embedded part 52 pre-embedded in the support 51, a main steel structure rod 54 for supporting the glass curtain wall components, and a support member 53 connecting the main steel structure rod 54 and the embedded part 52. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the length of the support member 53 of the main steel structure component 5 can be different, so as to adapt to glass curtain wall components with different tilt angles.

[0030] like Figure 3 The glass curtain wall component shown can also be considered as a glass curtain wall unit in the construction method. It is composed of multiple quadrilateral glass panels 1 spliced ​​together, with splicing seams between adjacent glass panels 1. The intersection of the four splicing seams forms an expansion joint intersection point 13. A flexible connection device is installed at this expansion joint intersection point 13.

[0031] The flexible connection device consists of an adaptive deformation clamp 4 and four telescopic keels 3.

[0032] Telescopic keel 3 Figure 5 As shown, each telescopic keel 3 includes a fixed sleeve 31. A welded embedded plate 32 is fixed to one end of the fixed sleeve 31, and the other end of the fixed sleeve 31 is the second end 36 of the telescopic keel 3, used for rigid connection with the metal sealing edge 11 of the glass panel 1 via welding. A telescopic spring 33 is provided inside the fixed sleeve 31, one end of which is connected to the welded embedded plate 32, and the other end is connected to an axially movable pull rod 34. The end of the movable pull rod 34 extending out of the fixed sleeve 31 constitutes the first end 35 of the telescopic keel 3. The telescopic spring 33 enables the movable pull rod 34 to have an axial elastic telescopic function, thereby allowing the glass panel 1 connected to it to undergo an elastic displacement of not less than 20mm in the keel axial direction (usually parallel to the glass panel surface, i.e., the X / Y direction).

[0033] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the adaptive deformation fixture 4 includes a flexible anchor and a flexible connector.

[0034] The main body of the flexible anchor is a vertically arranged pole 44, the lower end of which is welded or bolted to the main steel structure component 5. A movable sleeve 45, which can slide vertically, is fitted onto the upper end of the pole 44. The movable sleeve 45 contains an elastic component, which includes a first spring 46, a limiting plate 47, and a second spring 48 connected sequentially from bottom to top. The lower end of the first spring 46 is fixed to the top of the pole 44, and the upper end is fixed to the limiting plate 47; the lower end of the second spring 48 is connected to the limiting plate 47, and the upper end is used to connect to the flexible connector. The limiting plate 47 is fixed to the inner wall of the movable sleeve 45, dividing the internal space so that the first spring 46 and the second spring 48 can work independently or in combination.

[0035] The lower part of the flexible connector is a plug-in portion 41, which extends into the movable sleeve 45 and connects to the upper end of the second spring 48. The upper end of the plug-in portion 41 of the flexible connector is provided with a vertical rod-like structure, which is an integral structure consisting of four connecting portions 42 and four rubber pads 43 arranged alternately. The first end 35 of each telescopic keel 3 is designed as a ring-shaped hoop structure, clamping around a connecting portion 42, and can be connected by welding or hinge. Each connecting portion 42 connects only one first end 35 of the telescopic keel 3. The rubber pads 43 provide damping and micro-deformation capability at the connection point.

[0036] The limiting clamp 49 is located at the top of the movable sleeve 45 of the flexible anchor and the top of the flexible connector. After installation, the thickness direction of the glass plate 1 is constrained between the two limiting clamps 49, which plays the role of out-of-plane (Z-direction) limiting and preventing falling off.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, flexible sealant joints 2 are filled in the splicing seams between glass panels 1 and the edges of the double-glazed interlayer using a pressure injection process. These flexible sealant joints 2 use high-performance silicone structural sealant, with a width greater than conventional sealant joints (e.g., 20mm). This not only achieves a seal but also covers the connection node between the second end 36 of the telescopic keel and the glass metal edge seal 11, protecting and enhancing the seal. The flexible sealant joint 2 extends 20-30mm into the double-glazed interlayer, and sealing strips are installed at the ends of each flexible sealant joint 2.

[0038] Based on the above system, the construction method of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps: S1. Detailed Design and Unit Division: Establish an overall curtain wall BIM model and use finite element software to simulate the mechanical processes during construction, focusing on the deformation and stress of the structure under overall hoisting conditions. Based on the simulation results, the curtain wall and the supporting steel structure below are scientifically divided into several ground assembly units. Each ground assembly unit includes one main steel structure unit and one glass curtain wall unit.

[0039] The unit division principle is: the unit weight is within the lifting capacity of the crane; the unit stiffness is relatively uniform; and areas with large deformation during hoisting (such as unit corners and near the lifting point) are identified as reserved deformation-sensitive areas.

[0040] S2. Ground assembly of main steel structure units: On the flat site of the construction site, the main steel structure units are assembled, welded or bolted together with high precision in strict accordance with the design drawings to form a stable rigid frame.

[0041] S3. Ground-mounted glass curtain wall unit: This is carried out on the main steel structure unit that has passed inspection.

[0042] First, based on the measurement and layout, the lower ends of the uprights 44 of each adaptive deformation clamp 4 are precisely welded to the corresponding nodes of the main steel structure unit. Second, the first ends 35 of the four telescopic keels 3 are connected to the four connecting parts 42 on one adaptive deformation clamp 4. Then, the glass panel 1 is hoisted using a vacuum suction cup, and its metal edge sealing 11 is finally fixed (welded or bolted) to the second end 36 of the corresponding telescopic keel 3. During this process, a total station is used to monitor the three-dimensional coordinates of the glass corner points in real time to ensure accuracy. Next, the joints between the installed glass panels 1 are cleaned, masking tape is applied, and backing rods are filled. Then, two-component silicone sealant and a special caulking gun are used for pressure injection to form a continuous, full, and dense flexible sealant joint 2. Based on the simulation analysis of S1, the designated pre-deformation sensitive areas (e.g., the outermost glass panels 1 of this unit) are temporarily not installed or only temporarily placed to allow for deformation space.

[0043] S4. Overall Lifting: Using a large crawler crane, and based on calculated and set lifting points, the pre-integrated ground assembly units are smoothly lifted to the designed high-altitude position. They are then aligned, connected, and finally secured to the main building structure. During the lifting process, flexible connecting devices work in coordination to absorb deformation energy.

[0044] S5. High-altitude installation: After the ground assembly unit is in place and fixed, the construction personnel use a high-altitude work platform to install the glass panel 1 reserved in the deformation-sensitive area in S3, and complete the pressure injection work in this part to achieve complete sealing of the curtain wall surface.

[0045] S6. Cyclic Operation: Return to step S2 to perform the operation of the next ground assembly unit until the entire project is completed.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive deformable curtain wall system, characterized in that, The system includes a main steel structure component and glass curtain wall components installed on the main steel structure component. The glass curtain wall component comprises multiple interlocking glass panels, with joints formed between adjacent glass panels. The intersection of multiple joints constitutes an expansion joint intersection point. The system also includes a flexible connecting device disposed at the expansion joint intersection point. The flexible connecting device is configured to allow the glass panels to elastically displace relative to the main steel structure component in multiple directions. The flexible connecting device includes an adaptive deformation clamp and at least two telescopic keels. The lower end of the adaptive deformation clamp is fixedly connected to the main steel structure component; the telescopic keel is arranged circumferentially along the intersection of the deformation joint, and each telescopic keel has a first end and a second end. The first end forms a flexible connection with the adaptive deformation clamp, and the second end is used to rigidly connect to the edge of a glass plate.

2. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass panel includes a glass body and a metal edging covering the edge of the glass body, and the second end of the telescopic keel is connected to the metal edging.

3. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The system also includes a flexible sealant joint filled in the joint, the flexible sealant joint being made of silicone sealant and formed by pressure injection molding.

4. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flexible sealing joint covers the second end and the metal edge sealing connection node.

5. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The glass body comprises double-layered glass arranged at intervals, and the flexible sealant extends into the gap between the double-layered glass.

6. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic keel includes a fixed sleeve, a welded embedded plate fixed inside the fixed sleeve, a telescopic spring connected to the welded embedded plate, and a movable tie rod connected to the telescopic spring; the end of the fixed sleeve facing away from the movable tie rod constitutes the second end of the telescopic keel; the end of the movable tie rod constitutes the first end of the telescopic keel and is connected to the adaptive deformation fixture.

7. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive deformation fixture includes flexible anchors and flexible connectors; The flexible connector includes a plug-in portion and at least four connecting portions and at least four rubber pads arranged alternately on the upper end of the plug-in portion along a vertical direction; each connecting portion is connected to the first end of one of the telescopic keels; The lower end of the flexible anchor is fixedly connected to the main steel structure component, and the upper end is elastically connected to the flexible connector.

8. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flexible anchor includes a vertically arranged upright, a movable sleeve fitted on the upper end of the upright, and an elastic component vertically arranged inside the movable sleeve; the elastic component includes a first spring, a limiting plate, and a second spring connected sequentially from bottom to top; the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upright, and the upper end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the limiting plate fixed inside the movable sleeve; the lower end of the second spring is connected to the limiting plate, and the upper end of the second spring is connected to the insertion part extending into the movable sleeve.

9. The adaptive deformable curtain wall system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top ends of the flexible anchor and the flexible connector are respectively provided with horizontal limiting plates at intervals; the glass plate is located between the two limiting plates.

10. A construction method for a curtain wall system, characterized in that, The curtain wall system includes the adaptive deformable curtain wall system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the construction method includes the following steps: S1. Detailed design, determine the ground assembly unit division of glass curtain wall components and main steel structure components; determine the main steel structure unit of the main steel structure components and the glass curtain wall unit hoisted together with the main steel structure unit, the glass curtain wall unit includes multiple glass panels spliced ​​together; S2. Perform ground assembly of the main steel structure units; S3. Perform ground assembly of glass curtain wall units, including installing the telescopic keel, connecting the glass panels to the second end of the corresponding telescopic keel, and injecting pressure glue into the splice joints between the glass panels to form a flexible sealant joint. At the same time, reserve hanging points and reserved deformation-sensitive areas for temporary assembly. S4. Hoist the main steel structure unit and glass curtain wall unit, which have been assembled on the ground, to the design elevation as a whole; S5. After hoisting into place, complete the installation of glass panels in the reserved deformation-sensitive areas and pressure injection of adhesive at high altitude; S6. Return to step S2 and proceed with the ground assembly of the next main steel structure unit; until all glass curtain wall components and main steel structure components are installed.

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