Integrated pulsating water injection device for detecting concealed structure and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine geologic structure detection, and discloses an integrated pulsating water injection device for detecting a concealed structure and a use method.The integrated pulsating water injection device comprises a base, a movable frame is arranged on the inner side of the base, a supporting frame is arranged on the left side of the movable frame, and a supporting rod is rotationally connected to the left side of the movable frame; and a spraying hole mechanism is arranged on the left side of the supporting rod and comprises a first inner cavity, the first inner cavity is formed in the right side of the interior of the supporting rod, a second inner cavity is formed in the left side of the interior of the supporting rod, and a water inlet pipe is arranged on the right side of the interior of the first inner cavity. High-flow low-pressure water flow is sprayed out through the pulsating nozzle to conduct large-range cutting, an initial cavity is rapidly constructed, then high-frequency high-pressure pulse jet flow is sprayed out through the reaming nozzle, fatigue failure pressure waves are generated to act on stratum fractures, and therefore according to different operation stages, rapid cave forming and pressure relief are conducted firstly, and then accurate fracturing and permeability increasing are conducted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine geological structure detection technology, specifically to an integrated pulsed water injection device and its usage method for detecting concealed structures. Background Technology

[0002] Coal is a major energy source for my country's industrial production and daily life, and its mining is of great significance to the country's energy strategy. Coal seams are complex porous media, and their physical and mechanical properties have developed into strong heterogeneity during geological evolution. During coal seam mining, the integrity of the coal seam directly affects the mining efficiency and safety of the working face, while the stress distribution state inside the coal seam is a key factor in determining whether mine dynamic disasters will occur.

[0003] Before coal mining operations, it is essential to detect and address any hidden structures within the coal seam. These hidden structures are often the breeding grounds for severe accidents such as gas outbursts and rock bursts. By injecting water into the coal seam, not only can geological anomalies be detected, but the hydraulic action can also be used to moisten the coal and reduce dust. More importantly, it can alter the physical and mechanical properties of the coal, releasing the elastic energy and gas pressure accumulated within the coal, causing the coal to loosen and fracture. This effectively prevents dynamic disasters, reduces the difficulty of subsequent mechanical cutting of the coal, and improves mining efficiency.

[0004] Currently, existing devices for detecting concealed geological structures and water injection softening employ fixed static pressure water injection pipes. Water is injected through permeation after drilling holes in the coal seam. However, this method suffers from constant and low water pressure, allowing water to slowly penetrate only through natural fissures in the coal body. This results in a small wetting radius, long processing time, and, for coal bodies with poor permeability or high hardness, fails to create an effective stress release zone. To address these issues, existing technologies utilize high-pressure water jets for hydraulic fracturing or hydraulic cutting. These devices forcefully cut the coal body with high-pressure water to expand the impact area. However, existing equipment only has a single injection mode, with fixed nozzle structures and water systems. This prevents flexible adjustment of jet characteristics according to different operational stages, leading to incomplete initial cavity construction. Consequently, subsequent fracturing operations cannot accurately target formation fissures, hindering the efficient workflow of rapid cavity creation and pressure relief followed by pulse fracturing for increased permeability. This severely limits the effectiveness of treating concealed geological structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated pulsed water injection device and its usage method for detecting concealed structures. This solves the problems of existing water injection devices having a single spray mode, being unable to flexibly switch jet characteristics according to the operational stage, resulting in low cavity construction efficiency and poor permeability enhancement effect of formation fracture fracturing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: an integrated pulsating water injection device for detecting concealed structures, comprising a base, a movable frame provided on the inner side of the base, a support frame provided on the left side of the movable frame, a support rod rotatably connected to the left side of the movable frame, a spray hole mechanism provided on the left side of the support rod, a telescopic mechanism provided on the inner side of the support rod, and a drive mechanism provided on the inner side of the base. The spray nozzle mechanism includes an inner cavity one, which is located on the right side inside the support rod. An inner cavity two is located on the left side inside the support rod. A water inlet pipe is located on the right side inside the inner cavity one. The left end of the water inlet pipe is connected to a three-way valve one. The rear side of the three-way valve one is connected to a connecting pipe one. The left end of the connecting pipe one is connected to the inner cavity two. The left end of the three-way valve one is connected to a delivery pipe. A conical shell is fixedly connected to the left side of the support rod. The left end of the delivery pipe passes through the support rod and is connected to the three-way valve two. A partition plate one is fixedly connected to the right side inside the conical shell. A partition plate two is connected to the left side inside the conical shell. The rear side of the three-way valve two passes through the partition plate one. The left side of the three-way valve two is connected to the connecting pipe two. The left side of the connecting pipe two passes through the partition plate one and the partition plate two in sequence. Multiple enlarging nozzles are equidistantly installed on the left side of the outer wall of the conical shell. Multiple pulsating nozzles are equidistantly installed on the middle of the outer side of the conical shell. Multiple nozzles are equidistantly installed on the middle of the outer side of the support rod.

[0007] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a movable plate slidably connected to the inner side of the inner cavity two. Support plates are provided around the inner perimeter of the inner cavity two. Each nozzle passes through a support rod and is fixedly connected to the support plate. Connecting rods are rotatably connected around the left perimeter of the movable plate. The left ends of the connecting rods are rotatably connected to the corresponding support plates. Push rods are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the right wall of the movable plate. Windows are opened on the front and rear sides of the outer wall of the support rod. A common movable ring is slidably connected to the inner sides of the two windows. The left side of the movable ring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the right side of the movable ring is rotatably connected to the support frame. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top center of the movable frame, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0008] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes a motor, which is fixedly connected to the top right side of the movable frame. A gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. A gear ring is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer wall of the support rod. The gear ring meshes with the gear. The drive mechanism also includes two hydraulic rods, which are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the left end of the base, respectively. The output ends of the hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to the movable frame.

[0009] Preferably, a balloon is provided on the outer side of the support rod, a water injection pipe is connected to the right side of the balloon, and a sensing unit is provided on the right side of the conical shell.

[0010] Preferably, a rotary joint is fixedly connected to the right side of the movable frame, the outer side of the support rod passes through the movable frame, and the right end of the water inlet pipe passes through the support rod and is connected to the rotary joint.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle mechanism further includes an annular sealing seat, which is slidably connected to the outside of the nozzle and fixedly connected to the support rod.

[0012] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism further includes multiple sliding grooves, which are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the inner cavity, and the support plate is slidably connected to the sliding grooves.

[0013] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism further includes a guide groove, which is formed on the top left side of the movable frame, and the bottom of the support frame is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes a guide rail, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the base, and the bottom of the movable frame is slidably connected to the guide rail.

[0015] A method of using an integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures includes the following steps: S1. First, move the pulsating water injection device to the designated coal wall borehole location, start the hydraulic rod, the hydraulic rod pushes the movable frame to move on the guide rail, and then drives the support rod to insert into the coal body along the axis until the predetermined depth. Then, water is injected into the balloon through the water injection pipe to pressurize it, so that the balloon expands and sticks tightly to the borehole wall, thus completing the sealing of the borehole. S2. Connect the inlet pipe to an external high-pressure water source through a rotary joint, start the motor, and the motor drives the support rod to rotate through the meshing of the gear and the gear ring. Adjust the three-way valve one to guide the water flow to the delivery pipe, and adjust the three-way valve two to guide the water flow between the partition one and the partition two. The high-pressure water is sprayed out through the pulsating nozzle to form a high-flow-rate low-pressure water flow. With the rotation of the support rod, the coal body is cut around the circumference to construct a pear-shaped or spindle-shaped initial cavity. S3. After the initial cavity is constructed, keep the motor running and adjust the three-way valve two to switch the water path so that the water flows through the connecting pipe two into the left side of the partition two. The high-pressure water is sprayed out through the expansion nozzle to form a high-frequency high-pressure pulse jet. The pulse pressure wave impacts the stratum fractures, causing fatigue damage and crack propagation in the deep part of the coal body. S4. After the coal body fracturing is completed, adjust the three-way valve to switch the water path and block the water inlet of the delivery pipe, so that the water flows into the inner cavity through the connecting pipe and sprays out from the nozzle. At the same time, start the electric telescopic rod to push the support frame and the movable ring to the left. Through the transmission of the push rod, movable plate and connecting rod, the support plate is pushed to slide outward in the chute, which drives the nozzle to extend radially to the required hole expansion radius. With the continuous rotation of the support rod, the initial cavity is precisely expanded. S5. After the hole enlargement operation is completed, stop the water supply and motor rotation, control the electric telescopic rod to retract in the opposite direction, drive the nozzle to retract radially to the initial position, drain the water accumulated in the ball chamber to release the seal, control the hydraulic rod to retract to remove the support rod from the coal body, and complete the operation.

[0016] This invention provides an integrated pulsed water injection device and its method of use for detecting concealed structures. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention controls the water flow through a three-way valve two into the space between baffle two and baffle one, and uses a pulsating nozzle to spray a high-flow, low-pressure water flow to cut a large area and quickly build an initial cavity. Then, the water flow is switched to enter the left side of baffle two through a connecting pipe two, and a high-frequency, high-pressure pulse jet is sprayed out using an enlarging nozzle to generate a fatigue failure pressure wave that acts on the formation fractures. Thus, depending on the different stages of the operation, it can first quickly create a cavity to relieve pressure, and then accurately fracture and increase permeability, thereby improving the cavity construction efficiency and the treatment effect of formation fractures.

[0017] 2. This invention uses an electric telescopic rod to push the support frame to slide in the guide groove, and then uses a movable ring and push rod to drive the movable plate to move. The connecting rod pushes the surrounding support plates to slide in the groove, which drives the nozzle mounted on the support plate to extend and retract radially. It can adjust the hole enlargement radius according to the actual situation of the formation, realize hole enlargement operation of different diameters, and can accurately act on the weak zone of the formation. It not only improves the flexibility of hole enlargement, but also improves the efficiency of hole enlargement.

[0018] 3. This invention uses a hydraulic rod to move the movable frame, which in turn drives the support rod to insert into the coal body, facilitating cavity construction. A motor drives a gear to rotate; the meshing of the gear ring and gear drives the support rod, pulsating nozzle, reaming nozzle, and nozzle head to rotate circumferentially. This ensures that a regular pear-shaped or spindle-shaped cavity is formed during the initial cavity construction process, and that circumferential overall reaming is achieved during subsequent reaming operations. This avoids dead zones caused by unidirectional injection and guarantees comprehensive cutting and treatment of the target strata. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 5 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the nozzle mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the telescopic mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the image; Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] The components include: 1. Base; 2. Spraying mechanism; 21. Inner cavity one; 22. Inner cavity two; 23. Water inlet pipe; 24. Three-way valve one; 25. Connecting pipe one; 26. Delivery pipe; 27. Three-way valve two; 28. Partition one; 29. ​​Connecting pipe two; 210. Partition two; 211. Expanding nozzle; 212. Pulsating nozzle; 213. Spray head; 214. Conical shell; 215. Annular sealing seat; 3. Telescopic mechanism; 1. Movable plate; 32. Support plate; 33. Connecting rod; 34. Push rod; 35. Window; 36. Movable ring; 37. Electric telescopic rod; 38. Slide groove; 39. Guide groove; 4. Drive mechanism; 41. Hydraulic rod; 42. Motor; 43. Gear; 44. Gear ring; 45. Guide rail; 5. Movable frame; 6. Support frame; 7. Support rod; 8. Rotary joint; 9. Balloon; 10. Water injection pipe; 11. Sensing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This invention provides an integrated pulsating water injection device for detecting concealed structures, including a base 1, a movable frame 5 on the inner side of the base 1, a support frame 6 on the left side of the movable frame 5, a support rod 7 rotatably connected to the left side of the movable frame 5, a spray hole mechanism 2 on the left side of the support rod 7, a telescopic mechanism 3 on the inner side of the support rod 7, and a drive mechanism 4 on the inner side of the base 1. The nozzle mechanism 2 includes an inner cavity 21, which is located on the right side inside the support rod 7. An inner cavity 22 is located on the left side inside the support rod 7. An inlet pipe 23 is located on the right side of the inner cavity 21. A three-way valve 24 is connected to the left end of the inlet pipe 23. A connecting pipe 25 is connected to the rear side of the three-way valve 24. The left end of the connecting pipe 25 is connected to the inner cavity 22. A delivery pipe 26 is connected to the left end of the three-way valve 24. A conical shell 214 is fixedly connected to the left side of the support rod 7. The left end of the delivery pipe 26 passes through the support rod 7 and is connected to a three-way valve 27. A partition 28 is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner cavity 214. A partition 210 is connected to the left side of the inner cavity 214. The rear end of the three-way valve 27... A connecting pipe 29 is connected to the left side of the three-way valve 27 through the partition 28. The left side of the connecting pipe 29 passes through the partition 28 and the partition 210 in sequence. Multiple enlarged nozzles 211 are installed at equal intervals on the left side of the outer wall of the conical shell 214. Multiple pulsating nozzles 212 are installed at equal intervals on the middle of the outer side of the conical shell 214. Multiple nozzles 213 are installed at equal intervals on the middle of the outer side of the support rod 7. A rotary joint 8 is fixedly connected to the right side of the movable frame 5. The outer side of the support rod 7 passes through the movable frame 5. The right end of the water inlet pipe 23 passes through the support rod 7 and is connected to the rotary joint 8. The spray mechanism 2 also includes an annular sealing seat 215. The annular sealing seat 215 is slidably connected to the outside of the nozzle 213. The annular sealing seat 215 is fixedly connected to the support rod 7. Specifically, when using the pulsating water injection device to perform coal cutting operations, the high-pressure water flow generated by the external water supply equipment enters the device through the rotary joint 8. The water flow enters the inlet pipe 23 along the flow channel. During the initial cavity construction stage, the three-way valve 1 24 is adjusted to guide the water flow into the delivery pipe 26. The water flow reaches the front end through the delivery pipe 26. The three-way valve 27 is adjusted to guide the water flow into the sealed chamber between the partition 1 28 and the partition 2 210. The high-pressure water is ejected from the pulsating nozzle 212 on the outside of the conical shell 214, forming a low-pressure water flow. High-flow-rate water jets erode the coal seam. After the initial cavity construction is completed, the three-way valve 27 is adjusted to switch the water path. The water flows through the connecting pipe 29 into the chamber on the left side of the partition 210. High-pressure water is ejected from the reaming nozzle 211, forming a high-frequency pulsed water jet that impacts the coal seam fissures. During subsequent reaming operations, the three-way valve 24 is adjusted to block the water path of the delivery pipe 26. The water flows through the connecting pipe 25 into the inner cavity 22. High-pressure water is ejected from the nozzle 213 on the side of the support rod 7 to cut the inner wall of the cavity.

[0023] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The telescopic mechanism 3 includes a movable plate 31, which is slidably connected to the inner side of the inner cavity 22. Support plates 32 are provided around the inner perimeter of the inner cavity 22. Nozzles 213 pass through support rods 7 and are fixedly connected to the support plates 32. Connecting rods 33 are rotatably connected around the left perimeter of the movable plate 31, with the left ends of the connecting rods 33 rotatably connected to the corresponding support plates 32. Push rods 34 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the right wall of the movable plate 31. Windows 35 are opened on the front and rear sides of the outer wall of the support rod 7, and the same movable ring 36 is slidably connected to the inner sides of the two windows 35. The left side of the movable ring 36 is fixedly connected to the push rod 34, and the right side of the movable ring 36 is rotatably connected to the support frame 6. An electric telescopic rod 37 is fixedly connected to the top center of the movable frame 5. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 37 is fixedly connected to the support frame 6. The telescopic mechanism 3 also includes multiple sliding grooves 38, which are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the inner cavity 22. The support plate 32 is slidably connected to the sliding grooves 38. The telescopic mechanism 3 also includes a guide groove 39, which is opened on the top left side of the movable frame 5. The bottom of the support frame 6 is slidably connected to the guide groove 39. Specifically, during the hole diameter adjustment operation, the electric telescopic rod 37 is activated and extended. The electric telescopic rod 37 pushes the support frame 6 to slide to the left along the guide groove 39. The support frame 6 drives the connected movable ring 36 to move to the left synchronously. The movable ring 36 pushes the movable plate 31 to slide to the left inside the inner cavity 22 through the push rod 34. When the movable plate 31 moves, it squeezes the hinged connecting rod 33. The connecting rod 33 pushes the support plate 32 outward. The support plate 32 is restricted by the sliding groove 38 to slide outward radially. The support plate 32 drives the nozzle 213 fixed on it to extend radially, changing the rotation radius of the nozzle 213, so that the nozzle 213 can be close to the coal seam cross section at different depths for operation.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 The drive mechanism 4 also includes a motor 42, which is fixedly connected to the top right side of the movable frame 5. A gear 43 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 42. A gear ring 44 is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer wall of the support rod 7. The gear ring 44 meshes with the gear 43. The drive mechanism 4 also includes two hydraulic rods 41, which are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the left end of the base 1 respectively. The output end of the hydraulic rod 41 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 5. The drive mechanism 4 also includes a guide rail 45, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the base 1. The bottom of the movable frame 5 is slidably connected to the guide rail 45. Specifically, during the propulsion and rotation of the water injection device, the hydraulic rod 41 is activated to extend and retract, driving the movable frame 5 to move back and forth on the base 1. The movable frame 5 drives the support rod 7 to insert into the coal seam to a specified depth along the axial direction. During the cavity construction and hole expansion process, the motor 42 is activated to run, driving the gear 43 at the output end to rotate. The gear 43 drives the gear ring 44 to rotate through meshing, and the gear ring 44 drives the support rod 7 to rotate around its own axis. The support rod 7 drives the conical shell 214, the pulsating nozzle 212, and the hole expansion nozzle 211 at the front end to rotate around the circumference, performing rotary cutting on the coal body. The support rod 7 simultaneously drives the side nozzle 213 to revolve around the axis, performing continuous circumferential jet impact on the hole expansion area.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 A balloon 9 is provided on the outside of the support rod 7, and a water injection pipe 10 is connected to the right side of the balloon 9. A sensing unit 11 is provided on the right side of the conical shell 214. Specifically, high-pressure water is introduced into the balloon 9 through the water injection pipe 10. The high-pressure water pressurizes the balloon 9, making it tightly connected to the borehole coal wall and blocking the water in the cavity from flowing out. The sensing unit 11 mainly includes a well wall imager and a near-drill bit pressure gauge, which can collect formation fracture acoustic waves, fracture morphology images and downhole pressure change data in real time, and then dynamically adjust parameters such as pulsation amplitude and jet duration to ensure stable fracture expansion.

[0026] Example 2: A method of using an integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures includes the following steps: S1. First, move the pulsating water injection device to the designated coal wall borehole, start the hydraulic rod 41, the hydraulic rod 41 pushes the movable frame 5 to move on the guide rail 45, and then drives the support rod 7 to be inserted into the coal body along the axis until the predetermined depth. Then, water is injected into the balloon 9 through the water injection pipe 10 to pressurize it, so that the balloon 9 expands and sticks tightly to the borehole wall, thus completing the sealing of the borehole. S2. Connect the inlet pipe 23 to an external high-pressure water source through the rotary joint 8. Start the motor 42. The motor 42 drives the support rod 7 to rotate through the meshing of the gear 43 and the gear ring 44. Adjust the three-way valve 1 24 to guide the water flow to the delivery pipe 26, and adjust the three-way valve 2 27 to guide the water flow between the partition 1 28 and the partition 2 210. The high-pressure water is sprayed out through the pulsating nozzle 212 to form a high-flow-rate low-pressure water flow. With the rotation of the support rod 7, the coal body is cut around the circumference to construct a pear-shaped or spindle-shaped initial cavity. S3. After the initial cavity is constructed, keep the motor 42 running, adjust the three-way valve 27 to switch the water path, so that the water flows through the connecting pipe 29 into the left side of the partition 210. The high-pressure water is sprayed out through the expansion nozzle 211 to form a high-frequency high-pressure pulse jet. The pulse pressure wave impacts the stratum fractures, causing fatigue damage and crack propagation in the deep part of the coal body. S4. After the coal body fracturing is completed, adjust the three-way valve 24 to switch the water path and block the water inlet of the delivery pipe 26, so that the water flows through the connecting pipe 25 into the inner cavity 22. The water flows out from the nozzle 213. At the same time, start the electric telescopic rod 37 to push the support frame 6 and the movable ring 36 to move to the left. Through the transmission of the push rod 34, the movable plate 31 and the connecting rod 33, push the support plate 32 to slide outward in the slide groove 38, and drive the nozzle 213 to extend radially to the required hole enlargement radius. With the continuous rotation of the support rod 7, the initial cavity is accurately enlarged. S5. After the hole enlargement operation is completed, stop the water supply and the rotation of the motor 42, control the electric telescopic rod 37 to retract in the opposite direction, drive the nozzle 213 to retract radially to the initial position, discharge the water accumulated in the ball bladder 9 to release the seal, control the hydraulic rod 41 to retract to remove the support rod 7 from the coal body, and complete the operation.

[0027] Working principle: When using a pulsating water injection device to cut coal in a coal mine, high-pressure water is supplied by an external water supply device connected to the rotary joint 8 and delivered to the inlet pipe 23. During the initial cavity construction process, the water flow is controlled by a three-way valve 24, and all the water is delivered to the delivery pipe 26. Then, through a three-way valve 27 located on the left side of the delivery pipe 26, all the water is delivered to the space between the partition 210 and the partition 28. At this point, a high-flow-rate, low-pressure water flow can be ejected through the pulsating nozzle 212 located in the middle of the outer side of the conical shell 214, for use in cutting coal. The coal body is cut over a large area to quickly construct the initial cavity. After the initial cavity is constructed, the three-way valve 27 controls the water flow to be delivered to the left side of the partition 210 through the connecting pipe 29. At this time, the reaming nozzle 211 can spray out a high-frequency high-pressure pulse jet to generate fatigue failure pressure wave, which acts on the formation fracture and causes the coal body to be fractured, which facilitates the subsequent reaming work. When reaming, the three-way valve 24 controls the water flow to flow into the inner cavity 22 along the connecting pipe 25. At this time, the nozzle 213 can spray out water to perform reaming operation on the initial cavity. Furthermore, during the borehole enlargement operation, by activating the electric telescopic rod 37, the electric telescopic rod 37 can push the support frame 6 to slide to the left in the guide groove 39, thereby pushing the movable ring 36 to move to the left. When the movable ring 36 moves, it will drive the movable plate 31 to move to the left through the push rod 34. Since the movable plate 31 is connected to the surrounding support plates 32 through multiple connecting rods 33, and the support plates 32 can only slide inside the sliding groove 38, when the movable plate 31 moves, it can push the surrounding support plates 32 to move to the surrounding areas through the connecting rods 33, thereby driving the nozzle 213 to extend and retract radially, realizing borehole enlargement work of different radii, accurately acting on the weak zone of the formation, and improving the borehole enlargement efficiency; Finally, when using the water injection device, the hydraulic rod 41 is activated to pull the movable frame 5 to move, thereby driving the support rod 7 to be inserted into the coal body, which facilitates the construction of the cavity. During the initial cavity construction process, the motor 42 is activated, which drives the gear 43 to rotate. Since the gear ring 44 meshes with the gear 43, the gear ring 44 drives the support rod 7 to rotate during the rotation of the gear 43, which in turn drives the pulse nozzle 212 and the reaming nozzle 211 to rotate around the circumference, cutting the target stratum over a large area to form a pear-shaped or spindle-shaped initial cavity, which facilitates the subsequent reaming operation. During the reaming operation, the support rod 7 also drives the nozzle 213 to rotate, so that the reaming operation can be carried out circumferentially without dead angles.

[0028] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated pulsating water injection device for detecting concealed structures, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The base (1) has an inner side with a movable frame (5), a support frame (6) on the left side of the movable frame (5), a support rod (7) rotatably connected to the left side of the movable frame (5), a spray hole mechanism (2) on the left side of the support rod (7), a telescopic mechanism (3) on the inner side of the support rod (7), and a drive mechanism (4) on the inner side of the base (1). The spray nozzle mechanism (2) includes an inner cavity one (21), which is located on the right side inside the support rod (7). An inner cavity two (22) is located on the left side inside the support rod (7). An inlet pipe (23) is provided on the right side inside the inner cavity one (21). The left end of the inlet pipe (23) is connected to a three-way valve one (24). The rear side of the three-way valve one (24) is connected to a connecting pipe one (25). The left end of the connecting pipe one (25) is connected to the inner cavity two (22). The left end of the three-way valve one (24) is connected to a conveying pipe (26). A conical shell (214) is fixedly connected to the left side of the support rod (7). The left end of the conveying pipe (26) passes through the support rod (7) and is connected to... There is a three-way valve two (27), a partition one (28) is fixedly connected to the inside right side of the conical shell (214), a partition two (210) is connected to the inside left side of the conical shell (214), the rear side of the three-way valve two (27) passes through the partition one (28), the left side of the three-way valve two (27) is connected to the connecting pipe two (29), the left side of the connecting pipe two (29) passes through the partition one (28) and the partition two (210) in sequence, a plurality of enlarged nozzles (211) are installed at equal intervals on the left side of the outer wall of the conical shell (214), a plurality of pulsating nozzles (212) are installed at equal intervals on the outer middle part of the conical shell (214), and a plurality of nozzles (213) are installed at equal intervals on the outer middle part of the support rod (7).

2. The integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism (3) includes a movable plate (31), which is slidably connected to the inner side of the inner cavity (22). Support plates (32) are provided around the inner perimeter of the inner cavity (22). The nozzles (213) all pass through the support rods (7) and are fixedly connected to the support plates (32). Connecting rods (33) are rotatably connected around the left perimeter of the movable plate (31). The left ends of the connecting rods (33) are rotatably connected to the corresponding support plates (32). The front right wall of the movable plate (31)... Push rods (34) are fixedly connected to the rear side. Windows (35) are opened on the front and rear sides of the outer wall of the support rod (7). The same movable ring (36) is slidably connected to the inner side of the two windows (35). The left side of the movable ring (36) is fixedly connected to the push rod (34), and the right side of the movable ring (36) is rotatably connected to the support frame (6). An electric telescopic rod (37) is fixedly connected to the top center of the movable frame (5). The output end of the electric telescopic rod (37) is fixedly connected to the support frame (6).

3. The integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (4) also includes a motor (42), which is fixedly connected to the top right side of the movable frame (5). A gear (43) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (42). A gear ring (44) is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer wall of the support rod (7). The gear ring (44) meshes with the gear (43). The drive mechanism (4) also includes two hydraulic rods (41), which are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the left end of the base (1) respectively. The output end of the hydraulic rod (41) is fixedly connected to the movable frame (5).

4. The integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, A balloon (9) is provided on the outside of the support rod (7), and a water injection pipe (10) is connected to the right side of the balloon (9). A sensing unit (11) is provided on the right side of the conical shell (214).

5. An integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotary joint (8) is fixedly connected to the right side of the movable frame (5). The outer side of the support rod (7) passes through the movable frame (5). The right end of the water inlet pipe (23) passes through the support rod (7) and is connected to the rotary joint (8).

6. An integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle mechanism (2) also includes an annular sealing seat (215), which is slidably connected to the outside of the nozzle (213) and fixedly connected to the support rod (7).

7. An integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism (3) also includes multiple sliding grooves (38), which are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the inner cavity (22), and the support plate (32) is slidably connected to the sliding grooves (38).

8. An integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism (3) also includes a guide groove (39), which is located on the top left side of the movable frame (5), and the bottom of the support frame (6) is slidably connected to the guide groove (39).

9. An integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (4) also includes a guide rail (45), which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the base (1), and the bottom of the movable frame (5) is slidably connected to the guide rail (45).

10. A method of using an integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures, characterized in that, An integrated pulsed water injection device for detecting concealed structures according to any one of claims 1-9 comprises the following steps: S1. First, move the pulsating water injection device to the designated coal wall borehole location, start the hydraulic rod (41), the hydraulic rod (41) pushes the movable frame (5) to move on the guide rail (45), and then drives the support rod (7) to be inserted into the coal body along the axis until the predetermined depth. Then, water is injected into the balloon (9) through the water injection pipe (10) to pressurize it, so that the balloon (9) expands and sticks tightly to the borehole wall, thus completing the sealing of the borehole. S2. Connect the inlet pipe (23) to the external high-pressure water source through the rotary joint (8), start the motor (42), the motor (42) drives the support rod (7) to rotate through the meshing of the gear (43) and the gear ring (44), adjust the three-way valve one (24) to guide the water flow to the delivery pipe (26), and adjust the three-way valve two (27) to guide the water flow between the partition one (28) and the partition two (210). The high-pressure water is sprayed out through the pulsating nozzle (212) to form a high flow rate low-pressure water flow, which, together with the rotation of the support rod (7), cuts the coal body around the circumference and constructs a pear-shaped or spindle-shaped initial cavity; S3. After the initial cavity is constructed, keep the motor (42) running, adjust the three-way valve two (27) to switch the water path, so that the water flows through the connecting pipe two (29) into the left side of the partition two (210), and the high-pressure water is sprayed out through the expansion nozzle (211) to form a high-frequency high-pressure pulse jet. The pulse pressure wave impacts the stratum fissures, causing fatigue damage and crack propagation in the deep part of the coal body. S4. After the coal body is fracturing, adjust the three-way valve (24) to switch the water path and block the water inlet of the delivery pipe (26), so that the water flows through the connecting pipe (25) into the inner cavity (22). The water flows out from the nozzle (213). At the same time, start the electric telescopic rod (37) to push the support frame (6) and the movable ring (36) to move to the left. Through the transmission of the push rod (34), the movable plate (31) and the connecting rod (33), push the support plate (32) to slide outward in the chute (38), and drive the nozzle (213) to extend radially to the required hole-expanding radius. With the continuous rotation of the support rod (7), the initial cavity is precisely expanded. S5. After the hole enlargement operation is completed, stop the water supply and the motor (42) rotation, control the electric telescopic rod (37) to retract in the opposite direction, drive the nozzle (213) to retract radially back to the initial position, discharge the water accumulated in the ball (9) to release the seal, control the hydraulic rod (41) to retract and remove the support rod (7) from the coal body to complete the operation.

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