Automatic discharging system and discharging method for graphitization furnace

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic discharging system and method for a graphitization furnace, and belongs to the technical field of graphitization furnaces, the automatic discharging system comprises a discharging device, a track network, a plurality of transfer trolleys and a controller, the lifting depth of a material taking pipe can be intelligently controlled according to the actual temperature distribution in the furnace, so that the material taking strategy is adjusted in an area with the high material temperature, and the material taking efficiency is improved. And protection of equipment and materials is facilitated, and a material conveying channel covering the furnace side and the width direction is constructed. The controller dispatches the trolley based on the discharging requirement and the first weight, centralized management and automatic turnover of the process of taking out, transferring and cooling of the high-temperature materials are achieved in the multi-furnace parallel scene, and the core problems of multi-furnace alternate discharging and complex logistics connection are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of graphitization furnace technology, specifically relating to an automatic discharge system and discharge method for a graphitization furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Graphitization furnaces, as core equipment in the field of high-temperature heat treatment of carbon materials, essentially involve using extreme high-temperature environments to induce directional rearrangement of carbon atoms, ultimately transforming them into a well-ordered graphite crystal structure. In typical processes, materials undergo continuous high-temperature treatment for several hours or even tens of hours, with temperatures typically maintained above 2500 degrees Celsius. Under these conditions, carbon atoms overcome energy barriers, gradually transforming from a disordered arrangement into a highly crystalline, ordered layered graphite structure. This process directly determines key performance indicators of the final product, such as electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and chemical stability. Therefore, the operational stability and process controllability of graphitization furnaces are crucial factors affecting the quality of high-end carbon materials. However, due to the ultra-high temperature conditions required in the process, the material itself still retains a significant amount of heat energy after heat treatment, with the discharge temperature often remaining in the range of hundreds or even thousands of degrees Celsius. Achieving safe, efficient, and continuous material removal under these conditions has become a highly challenging key problem in graphitization production technology.

[0003] The length of graphitization furnaces typically ranges from several meters to tens of meters. Their design often needs to balance processing capacity and thermal uniformity. In large-scale production scenarios, the parallel operation of multiple furnaces further increases the complexity of the discharge system. This complexity is not only reflected in the single discharge action but also extends to the entire process from high-temperature material grabbing and transport to subsequent cooling and transfer, requiring systematic coordination of mechanical design, thermal management, automation control, and production scheduling. Specifically, achieving large-scale, efficient discharge requires comprehensively addressing the following deep-seated challenges: 1. As the material discharge process progresses, the temperature distribution of the material at different depths inside the furnace is not uniform. The closer to the furnace core or bottom, the more significant the heat storage of the material tends to be. Second, the high-temperature materials that have been removed will continue to release a large amount of heat energy after leaving the furnace. If they cannot be effectively cooled or isolated in time, they will not only pose a threat to the surrounding equipment and personnel, but may also affect the microstructure and performance consistency of the materials due to improper cooling rate. Third, in a large-scale production system, multiple graphitization furnaces often need to alternately discharge materials according to the production rhythm. The material transfer process from the furnace to the next process must be closely connected, involving the recycling of high-temperature bearing equipment, path planning, and coordination with upstream and downstream processes. This places stringent requirements on the heat resistance, turnover efficiency, and automation level of the logistics system. Therefore, in order to achieve large-scale production, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research and design on the output of the graphitization furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, in a first aspect, this application provides an automatic discharge system for graphitization furnaces, capable of solving the discharge problem under large-scale production of graphitization furnaces.

[0005] Secondly, this application provides an automatic discharge method using the above-mentioned automatic discharge system for graphitization furnaces.

[0006] An automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application includes: The discharge device includes a mobile frame, a material receiving pipe, and a material receiving temperature module. The mobile frame is movably mounted on the top of the graphitization furnace. The material receiving pipe is vertically mounted on the mobile frame. The material receiving temperature module is located at the bottom of the material receiving pipe and is used to obtain a first temperature value. The track network includes a first track, a second track, and a steering track. The first track is disposed on one side of the graphitization furnace and extends along the length direction of the graphitization furnace. The second track extends along the width direction of the graphitization furnace. The steering track is rotatably disposed between the first track and the second track to engage with the first track or the second track. Multiple transfer trolleys are installed on the track network. Each transfer trolley is equipped with a first storage tank, a first cooling mechanism, and a first weighing module. The first cooling mechanism is located in the first storage tank and is used to adjust the temperature of the first storage tank. The first weighing module is used to obtain the first weight of the first storage tank. A controller is connected to the discharge device, the steering track, and the transfer trolley, and is configured to control the transfer trolley to move to a suitable discharge position according to the discharge requirements of the discharge device, control the lifting and lowering of the material picking tube according to the first temperature value, and replace the transfer trolley according to the first weight.

[0007] The automatic discharge system for graphitization furnace according to the first aspect of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The automatic discharge system for the graphitization furnace in this embodiment uses a mobile frame mounted at the top of the furnace. This allows the discharge device to move back and forth along the furnace's length and control the raising and lowering of the feeding pipe to enter and discharge material. This flexibly covers different feeding points throughout the long, narrow furnace, improving equipment utilization. The feeding temperature module acquires the initial furnace temperature in real time, providing the controller with decision-making information. This allows the controller to intelligently control the raising and lowering depth of the feeding pipe based on the actual temperature distribution within the furnace (e.g., higher temperatures at the bottom). This adjustment of the feeding strategy in areas with higher material temperatures helps protect both the equipment and the material.

[0008] A track network consisting of a first track, a second track, and a turning track, combined with transfer trolleys that run along the tracks and have built-in cooling and weighing functions, constructs a material transport channel covering the furnace side and width. Based on the discharge requirements and the first weight scheduling trolley, the controller realizes centralized management and automatic turnover of the "removal-transfer-cooling" process of high-temperature materials in a multi-furnace parallel scenario, solving the core problem of alternating discharge from multiple furnaces and complex logistics connections.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the discharge device further includes: Second storage tank; A second cooling mechanism is disposed in the second storage tank and is used to regulate the temperature of the second storage tank; The second weighing module is used to obtain the second weight of the second storage tank; A material intake negative pressure mechanism, which is connected to the second storage tank, is used to provide material intake negative pressure; The material receiving pipe is connected to the second storage tank, and the controller is further configured to adjust the power of the material receiving negative pressure mechanism according to the first temperature value and to adjust the operation of the material discharging device according to the second weight.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the transfer trolley is further provided with a transfer negative pressure mechanism, which is connected to the first storage tank and is used to provide transfer negative pressure. Both the first storage tank and the second storage tank are equipped with a filtration and dust removal device. The filtration and dust removal device is located between the negative pressure mechanism and the feed end of the corresponding storage tank and is installed along the negative pressure airflow direction. Differential pressure sensors are installed on both sides of the filtration and dust removal device. The controller is also connected to the differential pressure sensor and is configured to blow air into the filtration and dust removal device in the opposite direction of the negative pressure airflow when a set differential pressure value is reached.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the inner walls of the first storage tank and / or the second storage tank are provided with a high-temperature resistant heat insulation coating, and both the first storage tank and the second storage tank are provided with a storage temperature module; The controller is also configured to adjust the power or flow rate of the first cooling mechanism and the second cooling mechanism based on the temperature value detected by the discharge temperature module.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, a detachable docking device is provided between the transfer trolley and the discharge device, the docking device being used to connect the material receiving pipe and the first storage tank.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the discharge device is provided with a discharge pipe for material output, the transfer trolley is provided with a feed pipe for material to enter the first storage tank, the discharge pipe and the feed pipe are parallel to each other, and the discharge pipe and / or the feed pipe can be adjusted along the axial direction. The docking device includes a pipe moving drive mechanism and a clamping mechanism. The pipe moving drive mechanism is used to drive the discharge pipe and / or the inlet pipe to move axially so that the discharge pipe abuts against the inlet pipe. The clamping mechanism is disposed on both sides of the discharge pipe and / or the inlet pipe and is used to clamp the discharge pipe and the inlet pipe simultaneously when the discharge pipe abuts against the inlet pipe.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the discharge device is provided with a first position sensor, the transfer trolley is provided with a second position sensor, and the controller is configured to control the movement of the transfer trolley based on the position information of the first position sensor and the second position sensor.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the track network further includes a third track located around the periphery of the steering track, and the steering track is capable of engaging the third track during rotation; The controller is also configured to control the transfer trolley to move to the third track for avoidance or standby.

[0016] The automatic discharge method for a graphitization furnace according to the second aspect of this application, applied to the aforementioned automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace, includes: Real-time monitoring of the production cycle information of each graphitization furnace, and real-time detection of the position information and the first weight of each of the aforementioned transfer trolleys; Obtain the position information of the discharge device on the graphitization furnace that needs to discharge material, calculate the cumulative distance of each transfer trolley along the first track and the second track to the discharge device, and control the transfer trolley with the smallest cumulative distance to move to the discharge position that matches the discharge device.

[0017] The automatic discharge method for graphitization furnace according to the second aspect of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The automatic discharge method for graphitization furnaces in this embodiment combines production cycle information, real-time equipment location, and transportation distance calculation. By monitoring the production status of each graphitization furnace in real time, the system can predict discharge demand in advance. Upon receiving a discharge request, the system calculates the cumulative travel distance of each idle transfer trolley to the target furnace and automatically dispatches the nearest trolley to the work site. This scheduling logic minimizes the empty travel distance and waiting time of the transfer trolleys, achieving optimized allocation of transportation resources. It effectively reduces logistics energy consumption and improves the overall system response speed, making it crucial for efficient collaborative production across multiple furnace groups.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, after the transfer trolley reaches the discharge position, the transfer trolley is controlled to dock with the discharge device, and the two are controlled to move synchronously to discharge the material. During discharge, the material is first directly fed into the transfer trolley. When the first weight reaches the set weight, the material is sent into the second storage tank of the discharge device, and the transfer trolley is switched, and the material is discharged into the new transfer trolley.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and some of these additional aspects and advantages will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an overall axonometric structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall planar distribution of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the transfer trolleys on the track network. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one possible structure of the discharge device in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the docking of the discharge device and the transfer trolley in this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a transfer trolley used in this application; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the track network in this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the docking device in this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of one possible structure of the clamping mechanism in this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the feed pipe and discharge pipe in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0024] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0025] In the description of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 10This application proposes an automatic discharge system for graphitization furnaces, mainly including a discharge device 100, a track network 200, a transfer trolley 300, and a controller. The discharge device 100 is installed on top of the graphitization furnace and is used to perform the discharge operation. The track network 200 is laid between multiple graphitization furnaces for the transfer trolley 300 to move between different graphitization furnaces. The controller is used to control the operation of the entire system and perform fully automated monitoring.

[0027] Specifically, the discharge device 100 includes a movable frame, a material receiving pipe 103, and a material receiving temperature module. The movable frame is movably mounted on top of the graphitization furnace to facilitate material receiving at different locations within the furnace. The material receiving pipe 103 is vertically and flexibly mounted on the movable frame to descend into the graphitization furnace for material receiving, and its height can be adjusted according to the material receiving process. The material receiving temperature module is located at the bottom of the material receiving pipe 103 to acquire a first temperature value. It can be understood that the first temperature value represents both the temperature experienced at the bottom of the material receiving pipe 103 and the temperature of the material in contact with the pipe, thus allowing for determination of the material's temperature.

[0028] The track network 200 includes a first track 201, a second track 202, and a turning track 203. The first track 201 is located on one side of the graphitization furnace, and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the graphitization furnace. The number of first tracks 201 can be set according to the number of graphitization furnaces; for example, one first track 201 can be set on one side of each graphitization furnace, or one first track 201 can be set on each side of each graphitization furnace, or one first track 201 can be set between two graphitization furnaces. The second track 202 is set along the width direction of the graphitization furnace to connect the two first tracks 201. The turning track 203 is rotatably located at the intersection of the first track 201 and the second track 202. During rotation, the turning track 203 can connect with the first track 201 to form an extension of the first track 201, or connect with the second track 202 to form an extension of the second track 202.

[0029] The transfer trolley 300 is installed on the track network 200. It can switch between the first track 201 and the second track 202 via the steering track 203, and between the first track 201 via the second track 202. It can move along the length of the graphitization furnace via the first track 201. The transfer trolley 300 is equipped with a first storage tank 301, a first cooling mechanism, and a first weighing module. The first storage tank 301 is used to store materials. The first cooling mechanism is located on the first storage tank 301 and is used to regulate the temperature of the first storage tank 301. The first weighing module is used to obtain the first weight of the first storage tank 301. The first weight represents the weight of the material in the first storage tank 301. When a set weight is reached, the transfer trolley 300 can be replaced to avoid overloading and damage to the transfer trolley 300.

[0030] The controller is connected to the discharge device 100, the steering rail 203, and the transfer trolley 300, and is configured as follows: According to the discharge requirements of the discharge device 100, the transfer trolley 300 is controlled to move to a suitable discharge position, thereby connecting with the discharge device 100; The material handling tube 103 is raised and lowered according to the first temperature value. If the temperature exceeds the set temperature, the material handling tube 103 is raised to temporarily detach from the material to avoid damage. Replace the transfer trolley 300 according to the first weight.

[0031] During operation, when the graphitization furnace needs to discharge material, the controller first controls the transfer trolley 300 to move to the first track 201 adjacent to the graphitization furnace and dock with the discharge device 100. Then, the controller controls the material picking pipe 103 to pick up the material. During the material picking process, the first temperature value is monitored in real time. When the first weight of the transfer trolley 300 reaches the set weight, the discharge device 100 is paused, the transfer trolley 300 is switched, or the operation continues after the transfer trolley 300 transfers the material to another location and resets.

[0032] In this embodiment, the automatic discharge system for the graphitization furnace uses a discharge device 100 that is movable and positioned at the top of the graphitization furnace via a mobile frame. This device can reciprocate along the length of the furnace and control the lifting and lowering of the material receiving pipe 103 to enter the furnace for discharge. This allows for flexible coverage of different material receiving points throughout the long, narrow furnace, improving equipment utilization. The material receiving temperature module acquires the first temperature value inside the furnace in real time, providing the controller with decision-making information. This enables the controller to intelligently control the lifting and lowering depth of the material receiving pipe 103 based on the actual temperature distribution inside the furnace (e.g., higher temperatures at the bottom). This allows for adjustments to the material receiving strategy in areas with higher material temperatures, helping to protect both the equipment and the materials.

[0033] A track network 200, consisting of a first track 201, a second track 202, and a turning track 203, combined with a transfer trolley 300 that runs along the tracks and has its own cooling and weighing functions, constructs a material transport channel covering the furnace side and width direction. Based on the discharge requirements and the first weight scheduling trolley, the controller realizes centralized management and automatic turnover of the "removal-transfer-cooling" process of high-temperature materials in a multi-furnace parallel scenario, solving the core problem of alternating discharge from multiple furnaces and complex logistics connections.

[0034] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the discharge device 100 is further provided with a second storage tank 101, a second cooling mechanism, a second weighing module, and a material-receiving negative pressure mechanism 102. The second storage tank 101 is connected to the material-receiving pipe 103 and can be used to store materials. The second cooling mechanism is disposed on the second storage tank 101 and is used to regulate the temperature of the second storage tank 101, cooling it according to the temperature of the material to prevent the discharge device 100 from being subjected to thermal shock. The second weighing module is used to obtain a second weight of the second storage tank 101. The second weight reflects the amount of material stored inside. In practical applications, the second weight can be the total weight of the second storage tank 101 or the net weight of the material after deducting the weight of the second storage tank 101 itself. Since the storage capacity of the second storage tank 101 is limited, monitoring the second weight can prevent overloading and damage to the equipment. The material-receiving negative pressure mechanism 102 is connected to the second storage tank 101 and is used to provide material-receiving negative pressure. During operation, the negative pressure mechanism 102 provides negative pressure, and the material is taken from the bottom of the material taking pipe 103 through the second storage tank 101 and the material taking pipe 103.

[0035] The controller is also configured to adjust the power of the material-receiving negative pressure mechanism 102 according to a first temperature value. For example, if the first temperature value rises to a first threshold, the power of the material-receiving negative pressure mechanism 102 is reduced to a first negative pressure power. If the first temperature value continues to rise to a second threshold, the power of the material-receiving negative pressure mechanism 102 is reduced to a second negative pressure power. If the first temperature value reaches or exceeds a third threshold, the material-receiving negative pressure mechanism 102 is directly shut off, that is, the power is reduced to zero, thereby effectively preventing damage to the material-receiving pipe 103 and the discharge device 100. The controller is also configured to adjust the operation of the discharge device 100 according to a second weight. For example, when the second weight reaches the rated weight of the second storage tank 101, the discharge operation of the discharge device 100 is suspended to avoid overloading. Alternatively, as the weight gradually approaches the rated weight of the second storage tank 101, the power of the material-receiving negative pressure mechanism 102 is reduced, and the transfer trolley 300 is promptly controlled to connect to the discharge device 100 to transfer the material.

[0036] With the structural configuration of this embodiment, when the first weight of the transfer trolley 300 reaches the set weight and needs to be disconnected and replaced, the second storage tank 101 can be used to temporarily store the material, so that the material picking pipe 103 can continue to pick up the material without stopping the machine.

[0037] Therefore, in this embodiment, a second storage tank 101 is integrated into the discharge device 100 as a temporary buffer, and the material is drawn in by the negative pressure mechanism 102, realizing continuous and rapid material extraction and avoiding interruptions in the material extraction operation. The controller adjusts the negative pressure power according to the acquired first temperature value (reflecting the real-time temperature of the material being extracted), enabling the system to adapt to the physical characteristics of materials at different temperatures (such as flowability and dust dispersion), achieving better material extraction efficiency and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the second weighing module monitors the accumulated amount of material in the second storage tank 101, and the controller can accurately control the timing and on / off of material discharge from the discharge device 100 to the transfer trolley 300, ensuring smooth and controllable material transfer between the device and the trolley, forming a buffer link, and improving the stability and coordination of the entire discharge chain.

[0038] In some embodiments, when the first temperature reaches 600°C, the controller issues a first-level over-temperature alarm (i.e., a first warning signal) to alert the operator. When the first temperature reaches 700°C, the controller issues a second-level over-temperature alarm (i.e., a second warning signal) and controls the material handling negative pressure mechanism 102 to reduce its power. When the first temperature exceeds 800°C, the controller directly controls the material handling pipe 103 to rise to disengage the material and shuts down the material handling negative pressure mechanism 102. This effectively protects the entire discharge equipment and prevents damage from high-temperature materials.

[0039] When the discharge device 100 begins to collect material, the negative pressure mechanism 102 operates at its rated power, and the collection pipe 103 descends to collect the material. When the material collection temperature module detects that T1 (the first temperature value) reaches 600℃, the controller sends a first-level over-temperature alarm (e.g., a yellow alarm) to the operating interface or issues an alarm via an alarm device. If T1 continues to rise to 700℃, the controller sends a second-level over-temperature alarm (e.g., an orange alarm) and reduces the power of the negative pressure mechanism 102 to the second negative pressure power (e.g., 40% of the rated power) to slow down the material suction speed and reduce the heat load. If the temperature becomes uncontrollable and reaches or exceeds 800℃, the controller determines it to be an emergency, immediately sends an upward signal to the collection pipe 103 to raise the collection pipe 103 away from the high-temperature material surface, and completely shuts down the negative pressure mechanism 102, while simultaneously issuing the highest-level alarm (e.g., a red alarm). This graded response mechanism ensures continuous material discharge while maximizing the safety of the discharge device 100 and its operation.

[0040] This embodiment constructs a closed-loop discharge device 100 integrating temperature monitoring, intelligent early warning, and active control. By installing a material intake temperature module at the bottom of the intake pipe 103, which directly contacts the material, extreme high temperatures can be detected in real time. The controller executes a graded response strategy based on different temperature thresholds (first, second, and third thresholds) (early warning and adjustment of negative pressure, up to raising the intake pipe 103 and closing the negative pressure), achieving proactive early warning and intervention for overheating risks, significantly reducing the risk of equipment damage or safety accidents caused by localized material overheating. Simultaneously, it reduces the need for direct human contact with high-temperature environments, improving the automation and safety controllability of the discharge process.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, a dust removal and filtration device is provided inside the second storage tank 101, located between the material intake negative pressure mechanism 102 of the second storage tank 101 and the feed end of the second storage tank 101. For example, a bag filter or ceramic filter element. This device is used to capture dust carried in the suction airflow, preventing material from entering the material intake negative pressure mechanism 102 and causing blockage.

[0042] Along the direction of negative pressure airflow, a pressure sensor is connected to both the inlet and outlet sides of the filtration and dust removal device. These two sensors constitute a differential pressure sensor, which is used to monitor the pressure difference between the two sides of the filtration and dust removal device in real time. The differential pressure sensor is connected to the controller. The controller has a preset differential pressure value that reflects filter clogging. .

[0043] During operation, as dust accumulates on the surface of the filtration and dust removal device, the filtration resistance increases. It keeps rising. When the controller receives... achieve When a signal is received, the controller determines that the dust removal device needs cleaning. At this time, the controller will start the cleaning program of the dust removal device, control a set of back-blowing valves to operate, and instantly spray high-pressure gas (such as compressed air) into the dust removal device in the opposite direction of the negative pressure airflow, blowing off the attached dust, realizing automatic dust removal, and restoring the permeability and dust removal efficiency of the dust removal device.

[0044] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the second storage tank 101 is provided with a high-temperature resistant heat insulation coating to improve temperature resistance.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second storage tank 101 is equipped with a second storage temperature module, such as a thermocouple sensor, to detect the temperature of the second storage tank 101. A controller is connected to the second storage temperature module and the second cooling mechanism to adjust the effectiveness of the second cooling mechanism according to the temperature of the second storage tank 101. For example, when the temperature rises, the flow rate or volume of the cooling medium is increased; when the temperature drops, the flow rate or volume of the cooling medium is appropriately reduced, achieving a balance between temperature control and energy saving. This closed-loop temperature control ensures that the material is effectively cooled during storage, preventing overheating of the second storage tank 101 and creating conditions for subsequent safe transfer. It also ensures the long-term operation of the discharge device 100.

[0046] In some embodiments, a vibrator is installed on the second storage tank 101. The vibrator is connected to a controller. When the discharge device 100 sends the material into the second storage tank 101, the controller controls the vibrator to start, so that the material is relatively uniform and avoids local accumulation.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the transfer trolley 300 is further provided with a transfer negative pressure mechanism, which is connected to the first storage tank 301 and is used to provide transfer negative pressure.

[0048] It is understood that the discharge device 100 is used to perform material removal operations on the graphitization furnace. The transfer negative pressure mechanism provided in this embodiment can be used to provide negative pressure for the discharge device 100, directly sucking the material into the first storage tank 301. It can also be used to provide power when transferring material from the second storage tank 101 to the first storage tank 301, thereby accelerating the efficiency of material transfer.

[0049] It is also understood that the first storage tank 301 may be equipped with a filtration and dust removal device, a differential pressure sensor, and a first storage temperature module, referring to the aforementioned embodiment of the second storage tank 101.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, a detachable docking device 400 is provided between the transfer trolley 300 and the discharge device 100. The docking device 400 is used to connect the material receiving pipe 103 and the first storage tank 301. Since the transfer trolley 300 needs to be switched, the docking device 400 can realize the separation and connection between the two. The connection is made during material transfer to avoid leakage, and the separation is made when switching the transfer trolley 300.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments of this application, the discharge device 100 is provided with a discharge pipe 104 for material output, and the transfer trolley 300 is provided with a feed pipe 302 for material to enter the first storage tank 301. The end of the discharge pipe 104 is kept vertical, and the end of the feed pipe 302 is kept vertical. The discharge pipe 104 is higher than the feed pipe 302. Furthermore, the discharge pipe 104 and the feed pipe 302 also satisfy the following condition: when the transfer trolley 300 enters the first track 201 corresponding to the discharge device 100, the vertical plane defined by the axis of the end of the discharge pipe 104 and the axis of the end of the feed pipe 302 is parallel to the length direction of the first track 201. Thus, when the transfer trolley 300 enters the corresponding first track 201, it only needs to move along the first track 201 to make the feed pipe 302 and the discharge pipe 104 vertically aligned.

[0052] Furthermore, the end of the feed pipe 302 can be moved and adjusted in the vertical direction to connect with or separate from the discharge pipe 104.

[0053] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 The docking device 400 includes a pipe moving drive mechanism 304 and a clamping mechanism 303. The pipe moving drive mechanism 304 is used to drive the feed pipe 302 to rise and fall. The clamping mechanism 303 is disposed on both sides of the discharge pipe 104 and / or the feed pipe 302, and is used to clamp the discharge pipe 104 and the feed pipe 302 simultaneously when the discharge pipe 104 abuts against the feed pipe 302.

[0054] By employing the structural configuration of this embodiment, the feed pipe 302 can move axially, driven by the pipe movement drive mechanism 304, achieving automatic alignment and tight contact between the two pipe interfaces. This reduces the stringent requirements for the trolley's stopping precision and improves the reliability and efficiency of the docking process. The clamping mechanism 303 secures the pipes after contact, further ensuring the sealing and mechanical stability of the connection interface during material transport, preventing leakage or misalignment due to slight equipment movement or vibration. All these actions are automatically completed by the mechanical mechanism, enhancing the automation level and safety of the entire docking process. It is understood that docking can also be achieved by raising and lowering the discharge pipe 104.

[0055] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9Specifically, in some embodiments, the feed pipe 302 is configured as a high-temperature resistant corrugated pipe structure. The pipe movement drive mechanism 304 is mounted on top of the transfer trolley 300 and clamps the upper end of the feed pipe 302. It employs a linear drive structure, such as a cylinder, linear motor, or electro-hydraulic actuator, to drive the upper end of the feed pipe 302 to adjust its height. The clamping mechanism 303 is supported by the pipe movement drive mechanism 304 to maintain synchronous lifting and lowering with the upper end of the feed pipe 302. The clamping mechanism 303 is equipped with a first clamp 3031, a second clamp 3032, and a clamping drive assembly 3033 that drives the two to move synchronously in opposite directions. The first clamp 3031 and the second clamp 3032 are spaced apart along the width direction of the graphitization furnace, and their upper ends are higher than the feed pipe 302. When the feed pipe 302 abuts against the discharge pipe 104, the first clamp 3031 and the second clamp 3032 are driven by the clamping drive assembly 3033 to clamp the feed pipe 302 and the discharge pipe 104 simultaneously, keeping them fixed and locked.

[0056] Reference Figure 10 In some embodiments, a flange 105 is provided near the end of both the feed pipe 302 and the discharge pipe 104, and the two flanges 105 remain in contact when they abut each other. The flanges 105 in this embodiment improve the stability when the two are connected and also facilitate the connection of the feed pipe 302 for lifting and adjustment. In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 303 can be fixed by clamping the outer periphery of the two flanges 105.

[0057] In some embodiments, a sealing structure is provided between the two flanges 105, specifically including a sealing groove 106 on one flange 105 and a sealing ring 107 on the other flange 105. When the two flanges come into contact, the sealing ring 107 is embedded in the sealing groove 106 to achieve a sealed connection.

[0058] Furthermore, the sealing structure also includes a protruding ring 108 extending from the inner edge of one flange 105, and a flared opening 109 formed by the outward expansion of the inner edge of the other flange 105. When the two flanges 105 abut, the protruding ring 108 fits against the flared opening 109, forming a second layer of seal. The protruding ring 108 also has a certain taper, which can be used for pre-positioning during abutment.

[0059] In some embodiments, sealing gaskets are provided on the opposing sides of the first clamp 3031 and the second clamp 3032. When the two clamps tightly clamp the feed pipe 302 and the discharge pipe 104, the sealing gaskets form a complete sealing sleeve to seal from the outside.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, the discharge device 100 is equipped with a first position sensor, and the transfer trolley 300 is equipped with a second position sensor. The controller is configured to control the movement of the transfer trolley 300 based on the position information from the first and second position sensors. Using the information from the first and second position sensors, the controller can control the transfer trolley 300 to move to a position where the feed pipe 302 and discharge pipe 104 are vertically aligned, ensuring alignment accuracy. Simultaneously, during the discharge process, the controller can control the transfer trolley 300 and the discharge device 100 to move synchronously along the length of the graphitization furnace based on their position information, thus performing mobile discharge.

[0061] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism 303 is equipped with proximity sensors on the first clamp 3031 and / or the second clamp 3032 to detect whether the discharge pipe 104 is in position. The controller can determine whether the discharge pipe 104 and the feed pipe 302 are in contact through the proximity sensors.

[0062] In some embodiments, the discharge device 100 is provided with a first discharge pipe corresponding to the feeding pipe 103 and a second discharge pipe corresponding to the second storage tank 101, so that both the feeding pipe 103 and the second storage tank 101 can discharge materials. Correspondingly, the transfer trolley 300 is provided with two feeding pipes 302 and two docking devices 400 on the first storage tank 301 to simultaneously dock with the first discharge pipe and the second discharge pipe.

[0063] During operation, when the discharge device 100 is not connected to the transfer trolley 300, the material is directly fed into the second storage tank 101, maintaining the material retrieval operation. Once the transfer trolley 300 is connected, the material retrieval pipe 103 is disconnected from the second storage tank 101, and the material retrieval negative pressure mechanism 102 is closed. The transfer negative pressure mechanism is then activated to provide negative pressure to the material retrieval pipe 103, directly drawing the material into the first storage tank 301. Simultaneously, material from the second storage tank 101 is drawn into the first storage tank 301. After the transfer trolley 300 reaches the set storage capacity, the first and second discharge pipes are closed, and the material retrieval negative pressure mechanism 102 is restarted to draw the material into the second storage tank 101.

[0064] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7In some embodiments of this application, the track network 200 further includes a third track 204, which is located around the turning track 203 and can engage with the third track 204 during rotation. The controller is also configured to control the transfer trolley 300 to move to the third track 204 for avoidance or standby. This embodiment, by setting the third track 204 to form a passing zone, allows other transfer trolleys 300 to freely switch between multiple first tracks 201, avoiding conflicts and improving the traffic scheduling capability of the track network 200, thus fully guaranteeing the material transfer capacity when multiple graphitization furnaces are operating.

[0065] It is understandable that the structure of the third track 204 is generally the same as that of the first track 201, the second track 202, and the turning track 203. The only difference is that its position is not limited to the length or width side of the graphitization furnace. It only needs to be able to accommodate the transfer trolley 300.

[0066] Based on the structural foundation provided by the above embodiments, the embodiments of this application further propose an automatic discharge method for a graphitization furnace, including the following steps: Real-time monitoring of the production cycle information of each graphitization furnace, and real-time detection of the position information and initial weight of each 300-ton transfer trolley; Obtain the position information of the discharge device 100 on the graphitization furnace that needs to discharge material, calculate the cumulative distance of each transfer trolley 300 along the first track 201 and the second track 202 to the discharge device, and control the transfer trolley 300 with the smallest cumulative distance to move to the discharge position that matches the discharge device.

[0067] The method in this embodiment combines production cycle information, real-time equipment location, and transportation distance calculation. By monitoring the production status of each graphitization furnace in real time, the system can predict material discharge demand in advance. Upon receiving a material discharge request, the system calculates the cumulative travel distance of each idle transfer trolley 300 to the target furnace and automatically dispatches the nearest trolley to the work site. This scheduling logic minimizes the empty travel distance and waiting time of the transfer trolleys 300, achieving optimized allocation of transportation resources. It effectively reduces logistics energy consumption and improves the overall system response speed, which is key to efficient collaborative production across multiple furnace groups.

[0068] More specifically, in some embodiments, after the transfer trolley 300 reaches the discharge position, the transfer trolley 300 is controlled to dock with the discharge device 100, and the two are controlled to move synchronously to discharge the material. During discharge, the material is first sent directly into the transfer trolley 300. When the first weight reaches the set weight, the material is sent into the second storage tank 101 of the discharge device 100, and the transfer trolley 300 is switched, and the material is discharged into the new transfer trolley 300.

[0069] This method employs a phased discharge control strategy. Initially, material is directly fed into the transfer trolley 300, quickly reaching its effective loading capacity. When the set weight is reached, the system automatically stores the remaining material in the second storage tank 101 of the discharge device 100. Simultaneously, the controller can dispatch a new empty trolley to take over. Once the new trolley is in place, the temporarily stored material is discharged. This method achieves seamless relay between different transfer trolleys 300, allowing continuous discharge operations from the graphitization furnace without interruption due to trolley replacement, maximizing the discharge efficiency and continuous production capacity of a single furnace opening.

[0070] In some embodiments, the automatic discharge method for graphitization furnaces includes the following: Step S1: Task triggering and vehicle scheduling.

[0071] The controller monitors the production data of each graphitization furnace in real time (such as power-on time and preset cooling curve). When it determines that a furnace has reached the discharge conditions, it generates a discharge task request and attaches the current position coordinates of the discharge device 100 on that furnace (via its first position sensor). ).

[0072] The controller then scans all the transfer carts 300 that are in an "idle" or "about to be idle" state, and obtains the current position coordinates of each cart (via its second position sensor). ).

[0073] For each vehicle i, the controller calculates the "cumulative travel distance" from its current position along the first track 201, turning via the necessary turning track 203, and then moving along the second track 202 (if necessary) to the corresponding receiving point of the target furnace body (usually located at a specific position next to the first track 201) based on the track network map 200. .

[0074] Controller selects cumulative distance The smallest transfer trolley, 300j, is sent a scheduling command, instructing it to automatically travel along the planned path to the target receiving point. Simultaneously, the discharge device 100 on top of the target furnace body is moved to a position above the planned material receiving point.

[0075] Step S2: Docking and synchronous material discharge preparation.

[0076] After the transfer trolley 300j arrives at the receiving point, it is finely aligned with the discharge device 100 through positioning. Then, the docking device 400 is activated to complete the automatic connection and locking of the two discharge pipes 104 and the two feed pipes 302.

[0077] The discharge device 100 lowers the material receiving pipe 103, and the temperature measurement module at its bottom starts working. The controller determines the state of the material inside the furnace based on the acquired "first temperature value". If the temperature exceeds the safety upper limit, the material receiving strategy can be paused or adjusted; at the same time, the controller adjusts the power of the transfer negative pressure mechanism according to the preset relationship curve based on this temperature value.

[0078] Step S3: Continuous discharge in stages.

[0079] The controller sets the target load of the first storage tank 301 of the transfer trolley 300j. (For example, 90% of the can's capacity).

[0080] Phase 1: The controller closes the pipeline between the second storage tank 101 and the first storage tank 301, and connects the pipeline between the material intake pipe 103 and the first storage tank 301. Under the action of the transfer negative pressure mechanism, the material is directly and continuously sucked into the first storage tank 301 of the transfer trolley 300j. During this period, the controller continuously monitors the "first weight" fed back by the first weighing module.

[0081] Second stage: When the first weight reaches ( )hour( Based on the estimated switching buffer amount according to the discharge flow rate, the controller performs a switching operation: closing the discharge valve of the material intake pipe 103 leading to the transfer trolley 300, and simultaneously switching the pipeline valve and opening the material intake negative pressure mechanism 102, so that all the material sucked in by the material intake pipe 103 is temporarily stored in the second storage tank 101 of the discharge device 100 itself. At this time, the controller immediately sends a command to the system to dispatch the next available transfer trolley 300k to the discharge point.

[0082] The third stage: While the material is temporarily stored in the second storage tank 101, the transfer trolley 300j disconnects, carrying a full load of high-temperature material, and automatically travels along the track to the next process or other storage equipment for unloading, or enters the temporary storage and cooling area to wait. When the new transfer trolley 300k arrives and completes docking, the controller opens the unloading valve of the second storage tank 101, discharging the temporarily stored material into the first storage tank 301 of the trolley k. After emptying, the system immediately switches back to the first stage mode, directly sucking in the subsequently retrieved material back into the trolley k. This cycle continues, achieving uninterrupted material discharge operations.

[0083] Step S4: Process control and maintenance.

[0084] Temperature control: Throughout the entire material discharge and transfer process, the controller receives real-time data from the material intake temperature module and the storage temperature modules in each storage tank. It dynamically adjusts the flow rate or temperature of the cooling water in the first and second cooling mechanisms to ensure the material cools at the rate required by the process.

[0085] Dust removal maintenance: The controller continuously monitors the pressure difference across each filtration and dust removal device. When the pressure difference of any device exceeds the set threshold (indicating that the filter cartridge is clogged and needs cleaning), the controller will automatically open a backflush solenoid valve during the downtime of the corresponding negative pressure mechanism of that device, introducing compressed air to perform instantaneous pulse jet blowing on the filter cartridge in the opposite direction of airflow, thereby achieving automatic dust removal.

[0086] Traffic management: When multiple vehicles are running on the track network 200, the controller controls the steering of the "steering track 203" and directs non-operational vehicles to enter the "third track 204" for standby or to give way, ensuring smooth logistics and avoiding deadlock.

[0087] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. An automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace, characterized in that, include: The discharge device includes a mobile frame, a material receiving pipe, and a material receiving temperature module. The mobile frame is movably mounted on the top of the graphitization furnace. The material receiving pipe is vertically mounted on the mobile frame. The material receiving temperature module is located at the bottom of the material receiving pipe and is used to obtain a first temperature value. The track network includes a first track, a second track, and a steering track. The first track is disposed on one side of the graphitization furnace and extends along the length direction of the graphitization furnace. The second track extends along the width direction of the graphitization furnace. The steering track is rotatably disposed between the first track and the second track to engage with the first track or the second track. Multiple transfer trolleys are installed on the track network. Each transfer trolley is equipped with a first storage tank, a first cooling mechanism, and a first weighing module. The first cooling mechanism is located in the first storage tank and is used to adjust the temperature of the first storage tank. The first weighing module is used to obtain the first weight of the first storage tank. A controller is connected to the discharge device, the steering track, and the transfer trolley, and is configured to control the transfer trolley to move to a suitable discharge position according to the discharge requirements of the discharge device, control the lifting and lowering of the material picking tube according to the first temperature value, and replace the transfer trolley according to the first weight.

2. The automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge device further includes: Second storage tank; A second cooling mechanism is disposed in the second storage tank and is used to regulate the temperature of the second storage tank; The second weighing module is used to obtain the second weight of the second storage tank; A material intake negative pressure mechanism, which is connected to the second storage tank, is used to provide material intake negative pressure; The material receiving pipe is connected to the second storage tank, and the controller is further configured to adjust the power of the material receiving negative pressure mechanism according to the first temperature value and to adjust the operation of the material discharging device according to the second weight.

3. The automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transfer trolley is also equipped with a transfer negative pressure mechanism, which is connected to the first storage tank and is used to provide transfer negative pressure. Both the first storage tank and the second storage tank are equipped with a filtration and dust removal device. The filtration and dust removal device is located between the negative pressure mechanism and the feed end of the corresponding storage tank and is installed along the negative pressure airflow direction. Differential pressure sensors are installed on both sides of the filtration and dust removal device. The controller is also connected to the differential pressure sensor and is configured to blow air into the filtration and dust removal device in the opposite direction of the negative pressure airflow when a set differential pressure value is reached.

4. The automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner walls of the first storage tank and / or the second storage tank are provided with a high-temperature resistant heat insulation coating, and both the first storage tank and the second storage tank are provided with a storage temperature module; The controller is also configured to adjust the power or flow rate of the first cooling mechanism and the second cooling mechanism based on the temperature value detected by the discharge temperature module.

5. The automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A detachable docking device is provided between the transfer trolley and the discharge device, the docking device being used to connect the material receiving pipe and the first storage tank.

6. The automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The discharge device is provided with a discharge pipe for material output, and the transfer trolley is provided with a feed pipe for material to enter the first storage tank. The discharge pipe and the feed pipe are parallel to each other, and the discharge pipe and / or the feed pipe can be adjusted along the axial direction. The docking device includes a pipe moving drive mechanism and a clamping mechanism. The pipe moving drive mechanism is used to drive the discharge pipe and / or the inlet pipe to move axially so that the discharge pipe abuts against the inlet pipe. The clamping mechanism is disposed on both sides of the discharge pipe and / or the inlet pipe and is used to clamp the discharge pipe and the inlet pipe simultaneously when the discharge pipe abuts against the inlet pipe.

7. The automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge device is equipped with a first position sensor, the transfer trolley is equipped with a second position sensor, and the controller is configured to control the movement of the transfer trolley based on the position information of the first position sensor and the second position sensor.

8. The automatic discharge system for a graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track network also includes a third track located around the periphery of the steering track, which can engage with the third track during rotation; The controller is also configured to control the transfer trolley to move to the third track for avoidance or standby.

9. An automatic material discharge method for a graphitization furnace, characterized in that, The automatic discharge system for the graphitization furnace as described in claim 1 includes: Real-time monitoring of the production cycle information of each graphitization furnace, and real-time monitoring of the position information and the first weight of each of the aforementioned transfer trolleys; Obtain the position information of the discharge device on the graphitization furnace that needs to discharge material, calculate the cumulative distance of each transfer trolley along the first track and the second track to the discharge device, and control the transfer trolley with the smallest cumulative distance to move to the discharge position that matches the discharge device.

10. The automatic discharge method for a graphitization furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that, After the transfer trolley reaches the discharge position, the transfer trolley is controlled to dock with the discharge device, and the two are controlled to move synchronously to discharge the material. During discharge, the material is first directly fed into the transfer trolley. When the first weight reaches the set weight, the material is sent into the second storage tank of the discharge device, and the transfer trolley is switched to discharge the material into the new transfer trolley.

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