Multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system and method
By combining multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system with optical cable vibration and temperature monitoring, the problem of inaccurate icing thickness detection due to the inability of a single optical fiber parameter has been solved, achieving high-precision icing thickness detection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INFORMATION & TELECOMM COMPANY SICHUAN ELECTRIC POWER
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing single fiber parameter cannot accurately detect the ice thickness of power optical cables, resulting in poor detection accuracy.
A multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system is adopted, which combines optical fiber vibration monitoring technology and temperature monitoring technology. It uses optical cable vibration information to quickly determine the icing area, and uses adjacent non-icing areas as a reference to calculate the icing thickness through temperature changes.
It significantly improves the accuracy and precision of ice thickness detection and realizes the organic integration of fiber-optic distributed vibration measurement and temperature measurement.
Smart Images
Figure CN121916773A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of power optical cable monitoring technology, and in particular to a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system and method. Background Technology
[0002] Power fiber optic cables are the foundation of power system communication; damage to these cables can severely impact grid operation. For overhead lines in mountainous or high-altitude areas, power fiber optic cables are prone to icing in low-temperature environments. When the ice thickness exceeds a certain range, the cable may break or the supporting tower may collapse, leading to serious accidents. To detect the location of icing on fiber optic cables, distributed fiber optic sensing technology is used for measurement. For example, icing events can be identified by detecting changes in the cable's natural vibration frequency, or by measuring the cable's strain. However, vibration frequency alone cannot provide accurate information on ice thickness; it can only qualitatively determine whether icing has occurred, not accurately monitor the ice thickness. Furthermore, judging ice thickness based on cable strain is susceptible to other environmental factors, making accurate icing detection difficult and resulting in poor precision.
[0003] In summary, the current method of using a single fiber parameter for icing detection cannot accurately detect the icing thickness of power optical cables.
[0004] In view of this, how to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and how to solve the problem that existing single optical fiber parameters cannot accurately detect the ice thickness of power optical cables have become important technical problems that the industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Addressing the shortcomings or improvement needs of existing technologies, namely the inability of current single-fiber parameters to accurately detect the ice thickness of power optical cables, this invention provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable ice detection system and method to improve the accuracy and precision of ice thickness detection. Specifically, it first uses optical cable vibration information to quickly determine the ice-covered area, and then uses adjacent non-iced areas as references to improve the accuracy of determining the ice thickness of the ice-covered area based on temperature changes. This system and method organically integrates optical fiber vibration monitoring technology and temperature monitoring technology, achieving distributed vibration measurement and distributed temperature measurement of optical fibers using only a single laser, and significantly improving the accuracy and precision of ice thickness detection in the ice-covered areas of the power optical cable under test.
[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system, comprising a laser, a first coupler, a pulse modulation component, a circulator, a power optical cable under test, an optical filter, a second coupler, a first detector, a second detector, and a third detector, wherein:
[0008] The laser is connected to the first coupler, and the first coupler is connected to the pulse modulation component and the second coupler respectively;
[0009] The pulse modulation component is connected to the first port of the circulator, and the second port of the circulator is connected to the power optical cable under test;
[0010] The third port of the circulator is connected to the optical filter, the optical filter is connected to the second coupler, the first detector and the second detector respectively, and the second coupler is connected to the third detector.
[0011] In some embodiments, the splitting ratio of the first coupler is 9:1. Using optical fiber as the medium, the light emitted by the laser passes through the first coupler, and 90% of the light is modulated into pulsed light by the pulse modulation component. The pulsed light then passes through the first port of the circulator and enters the power optical cable under test through the second port of the circulator. Rayleigh scattering and spontaneous Raman scattering in the power optical cable under test return through the second port of the circulator and enter the optical filter through the third port of the circulator. The optical filter separates Rayleigh scattering, anti-Stokes Raman scattering, and Stokes Raman scattering. The anti-Stokes Raman scattering and Stokes Raman scattering are detected by the first detector and the second detector, respectively, to calculate the distributed temperature information of the optical fiber. The Rayleigh scattering enters the second coupler, interferes with the DC light split from the first coupler, and is then detected by the third detector to calculate the distributed vibration information of the optical fiber. The icing region of the power optical cable under test is determined based on the obtained distributed vibration information. Using the adjacent non-icing region as a reference, the icing thickness of the icing region of the power optical cable under test is calculated based on the obtained distributed temperature information of the optical fiber.
[0012] In some embodiments, the splitting ratio of the second coupler is 1:1.
[0013] In some embodiments, determining the icing area of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained optical fiber distributed vibration information specifically includes:
[0014] The vibration frequency f(z) at each location of the power optical cable under test is determined based on the obtained optical fiber distributed vibration information.
[0015] By comparing the vibration frequencies f(z) at various locations of the power optical cable under test, the regions with vibration frequencies lower than a preset value are identified as icing regions z1, while the other locations are identified as non-icing regions z2.
[0016] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the ice thickness of the icing area of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained optical fiber distributed temperature information, with reference to the non-icing area adjacent to the icing area, specifically includes:
[0017] For adjacent icing and non-icing areas, based on the obtained fiber-optic distributed temperature information, the temperature change of adjacent icing and non-icing areas is continuously measured within a predetermined time period.
[0018] If the temperature change in adjacent icing areas is △ T(z1), the magnitude of the temperature change in the adjacent non-icing region is △ If T(z2), then the ice thickness of the adjacent icing area is: a×ΔT(z2) / ΔT(z1), where a is a coefficient previously calibrated.
[0019] In some embodiments, the pulse modulation assembly includes a semiconductor amplifier and a pulse signal source, the semiconductor amplifier being connected between the first coupler and the circulator, and the pulse signal source being connected to the semiconductor amplifier.
[0020] In some embodiments, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier is further connected between the semiconductor amplifier and the circulator.
[0021] In some embodiments, the optical filter can filter out light with wavelengths of 1450nm, 1550nm and 1660nm, with an extinction ratio greater than 40dB; the bandwidths of the first detector, the second detector and the third detector are all greater than 250MHz.
[0022] In some embodiments, the first detector, the second detector, and the third detector are all connected to a data acquisition card, which is connected to a computer; the sampling rate of the data acquisition card is greater than 500 MSa / s.
[0023] Secondly, the present invention also provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method, applied to the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system as described in the first aspect, comprising:
[0024] Acquire fiber-distributed vibration information and fiber-distributed temperature information of the power optical cable under test;
[0025] The icing area of the power optical cable under test is determined based on the obtained optical fiber distributed vibration information;
[0026] Using the non-iced area adjacent to the iced area as a reference, the icing thickness of the iced area of the power optical cable under test is calculated based on the obtained optical fiber distributed temperature information.
[0027] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system and method, which has the advantages of improving the accuracy and precision of icing thickness detection. Specifically, it first uses optical cable vibration information to quickly determine the icing area, and then uses adjacent non-icing areas as a reference to improve the accuracy of determining the icing thickness of the icing area based on temperature changes. This system and method organically integrates optical fiber vibration monitoring technology and temperature monitoring technology, realizing distributed vibration measurement and distributed temperature measurement of optical fibers using only a single laser, and greatly improving the accuracy and precision of icing thickness detection in the icing area of the power optical cable under test. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 A flowchart of a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a processing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the various features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, all within the protection scope of this application. Furthermore, although functional modules may be divided in the device schematic diagram, and a logical order may be shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed differently from the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart.
[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0034] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as openly inclusive, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples; that is, although they may be incorporated into embodiments or examples using the above terms for reasons such as order and position, it does not limit them to be incorporated in combination by a single embodiment or example.
[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0036] Example 1:
[0037] To address the problem that current single fiber parameters cannot accurately detect the icing thickness of power optical cables, this invention proposes a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system and method. First, the icing area of the line is determined by the inherent vibration frequency of the optical cable. Then, the icing thickness is calculated based on the temperature difference between the icing area and the uniced area.
[0038] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system, including a laser, a first coupler, a pulse modulation component, a circulator, a power optical cable under test, an optical filter, a second coupler, a first detector, a second detector, and a third detector, wherein: the laser is connected to the first coupler, the first coupler is connected to both the pulse modulation component and the second coupler; the pulse modulation component is connected to a first port of the circulator, the second port of the circulator is connected to the power optical cable under test; the third port of the circulator is connected to the optical filter, the optical filter is connected to the second coupler, the first detector, and the second detector, and the second coupler is connected to the third detector. Figure 1 For ease of representation, the first port of the circulator is labeled a, the second port of the circulator is labeled b, and the third port of the circulator is labeled c.
[0039] In some embodiments, the splitting ratio of the first coupler is 9:1. Using optical fiber as the medium, the light emitted by the laser passes through the first coupler, and 90% of the light is modulated into pulsed light by the pulse modulation component. This pulsed light then passes through the first port of the circulator and enters the power optical cable under test through the second port of the circulator. Rayleigh scattering and spontaneous Raman scattering in the power optical cable under test return through the second port of the circulator and enter the optical filter through the third port of the circulator. The optical filter separates Rayleigh scattering, anti-Stokes Raman scattering, and Stokes Raman scattering. In the process, anti-Stokes Raman scattered light and Stokes Raman scattered light are detected by the first detector and the second detector, respectively, to calculate the distributed temperature information of the optical fiber. Rayleigh scattered light enters the second coupler, interferes with the DC light split off from the first coupler, and is then detected by the third detector to calculate the distributed vibration information of the optical fiber. Based on the obtained distributed vibration information, the icing area of the power optical cable under test can be determined. Using the adjacent non-icing area as a reference, the icing thickness of the icing area of the power optical cable under test can be calculated based on the obtained distributed temperature information of the optical fiber. The icing thickness calculated in the above manner comprehensively considers vibration information and temperature information, realizing multi-parameter fusion, which can improve the accuracy and precision of icing thickness detection.
[0040] In some embodiments, the splitting ratio of the second coupler is 1:1; the optical filter can filter out light with wavelengths of 1450nm, 1550nm, and 1660nm, with an extinction ratio greater than 40dB; the bandwidths of the first detector, the second detector, and the third detector are all greater than 250MHz. For the Rayleigh scattering, anti-Stokes Raman scattering, and Stokes Raman scattering separated by the optical filter, the Rayleigh scattering wavelength is 1550nm, the anti-Stokes Raman scattering wavelength is 1450nm, and the Stokes Raman scattering wavelength is 1660nm.
[0041] In some embodiments, the pulse modulation assembly includes a semiconductor amplifier and a pulse signal source. The semiconductor amplifier is connected between the first coupler and the circulator, and the pulse signal source is connected to the semiconductor amplifier. In some embodiments, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier is also connected between the semiconductor amplifier and the circulator. The optical signal arriving at the semiconductor amplifier through the first coupler is modulated into pulsed light by the semiconductor amplifier and the pulse signal source. After passing through the erbium-doped fiber amplifier, the pulsed light enters the circulator from the first port.
[0042] In some embodiments, the first detector, the second detector, and the third detector are all connected to a data acquisition card, which is connected to a computer; the sampling rate of the data acquisition card is greater than 500 MSa / s. Specifically, the first detector can be used to acquire anti-Stokes Raman scattered light at a wavelength of 1450 nm, the second detector can be used to acquire Stokes Raman scattered light at a wavelength of 1660 nm, and the third detector can be used to acquire Rayleigh scattered light at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The information acquired by the first, second, and third detectors is transmitted to the computer via the data acquisition card for data processing, thereby calculating the distributed vibration information and distributed temperature information of the optical fiber. It should be noted that calculating the distributed temperature information of the optical fiber based on anti-Stokes Raman scattered light and Stokes Raman scattered light, and calculating the distributed vibration information of the optical fiber based on the light resulting from the interference of Rayleigh scattered light and DC light, are both existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.
[0043] In some embodiments, determining the icing area of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained distributed vibration information of the optical fiber specifically includes: determining the vibration frequency f(z) at various locations of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained distributed vibration information of the optical fiber; comparing the vibration frequencies f(z) at various locations of the power optical cable under test, determining that the area with a vibration frequency lower than a preset value is the icing area z1, and the other locations are the non-icing areas z2. The principle of this process is: when the optical cable is iced, the natural vibration frequency of the optical cable will decrease. By comparing the vibration frequencies at various locations on the entire curve, the area with a relatively low vibration frequency is found to be the icing area, and the other locations are the non-icing areas; therefore, a ratio can be set as a preset value based on the natural vibration frequency of the optical cable to determine whether the measured vibration frequency reaches the degree of icing. For example, as long as it is lower than half, 70%, or three times the natural vibration frequency of the optical cable, it can be determined as an icing area; the specific ratio can be set according to experiments and requirements.
[0044] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the ice thickness of the icing area of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained fiber distributed temperature information, with reference to the adjacent non-icing area of the icing area, specifically includes: for adjacent icing and non-icing areas, based on the obtained fiber distributed temperature information, continuously measuring the temperature change of adjacent icing and non-icing areas within a predetermined time period, for example, continuously measuring data over 24 hours; if the temperature change of adjacent icing areas is... △ T(z1), the magnitude of the temperature change in the adjacent non-icing region is △ If T(z2), then the icing thickness of the adjacent icing area is: a×ΔT(z2) / ΔT(z1), where a is a coefficient previously calibrated, determined by the material and geometry of the power optical cable. The principle behind this process is that when the optical cable is iced, because the specific heat capacity of ice is much greater than that of the optical cable, the degree of temperature change of the iced optical cable is inversely proportional to the icing thickness. Based on this characteristic, the thickness of the icing area can be calculated based on the magnitude of the temperature change, using the non-iced area as a reference. Furthermore, because the reference is an adjacent non-iced area, the accuracy and precision of the calculated icing area are greatly improved.
[0045] Based on the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system provided above, Embodiment 1 of this invention also provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method, referring to... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps.
[0046] Step 100: Obtain the distributed vibration information and distributed temperature information of the optical fiber under test. The specific methods for obtaining this information have been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.
[0047] Step 200: Determine the icing area of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained optical fiber distributed vibration information. The specific method for determining the icing area has been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.
[0048] Step 300: Using the adjacent non-iced area as a reference, calculate the ice thickness of the iced area of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained optical fiber distributed temperature information. The specific calculation method has been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.
[0049] In summary, this invention provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system and method to improve the accuracy and precision of icing thickness detection. Specifically, it first uses optical cable vibration information to quickly determine the icing area, and then uses adjacent non-icing areas as a reference to improve the accuracy of determining the icing thickness based on temperature changes. This system and method organically integrates optical fiber vibration monitoring technology and temperature monitoring technology, achieving distributed vibration measurement and distributed temperature measurement of optical fibers using only a single laser, and significantly improving the accuracy and precision of icing thickness detection in the icing area of the power optical cable under test.
[0050] Example 2:
[0051] Based on the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system and method provided in Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment will provide a more detailed explanation using a specific example.
[0052] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the devices used in this embodiment include: a laser, a first coupler, a second coupler, a semiconductor amplifier, a pulse signal source, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a circulator, an optical filter, a first detector, a second detector, a third detector, a data acquisition card, a computer, and the power optical cable under test.
[0053] The above-mentioned device functions and typical parameters are as follows: The laser emits DC laser light with a working wavelength around 1550nm and a linewidth less than 100kHz. The first coupler has a splitting ratio of 9:1. The second coupler has a splitting ratio of 1:1. The optical filter can filter out light at wavelengths of 1450nm, 1550nm, and 1660nm, with an extinction ratio greater than 40dB. The detector bandwidth is greater than 250MHz. The data acquisition card has a sampling rate greater than 500MSa / s.
[0054] Using optical fiber as the medium, the light emitted by the laser passes through the first coupler. 90% of the light is modulated into pulsed light by a semiconductor amplifier and a pulse signal source. After passing through an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, the pulsed light passes through port a of a circulator and enters the power optical cable under test through port b. Rayleigh scattering and spontaneous Raman scattering from the power optical cable under test return through port b of the circulator and enter the optical filter through port c. The optical filter separates Rayleigh scattering (1550nm), anti-Stokes Raman scattering (1450nm), and Stokes Raman scattering (1660nm). The anti-Stokes Raman scattering and Stokes Raman scattering are detected by the first and second detectors, acquired by a data acquisition card, and transmitted to a computer to calculate the distributed temperature information of the fiber. The Rayleigh scattering enters the second coupler, interferes with the DC light separated from the first coupler, is detected by the third detector, and then transmitted to the computer through the data acquisition card to calculate the distributed vibration information of the fiber.
[0055] Ice thickness detection algorithm flow:
[0056] Based on the measured distributed vibration results of the optical fiber, the vibration frequency f(z) at various locations of the optical fiber can be obtained. When the optical cable is covered with ice, the natural vibration frequency of the optical cable will decrease. By comparing the vibration frequencies at various locations along the entire curve, the region with the relatively low vibration frequency is identified as the icing region z1, and the other locations are identified as the non-icing region z2.
[0057] When optical cables become icy, the temperature change is inversely proportional to the ice thickness because ice has a much higher specific heat capacity than optical cables. Measurements were taken over a continuous 24-hour period, recording the temperature changes in adjacent iced and non-iced areas of the optical cables. △ T(z1) and △ T(z2). Then the icing thickness can be obtained as: a×ΔT(z2) / ΔT(z1), where a is a coefficient determined in the previous calibration, which is determined by the material and geometry of the power optical cable.
[0058] In summary, this invention provides a multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system and method to improve the accuracy and precision of icing thickness detection. Specifically, it first uses optical cable vibration information to quickly determine the icing area, and then uses adjacent non-icing areas as a reference to improve the accuracy of determining the icing thickness based on temperature changes. This system and method organically integrates optical fiber vibration monitoring technology and temperature monitoring technology, achieving distributed vibration measurement and distributed temperature measurement of optical fibers using only a single laser, and significantly improving the accuracy and precision of icing thickness detection in the icing area of the power optical cable under test.
[0059] Example 3:
[0060] Based on the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method provided in the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a processing device that can be used to implement the above method, such as... Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the device architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention. The processing device in this embodiment includes one or more processors 21 and a memory 22. Figure 3 Take a processor 21 as an example.
[0061] Processor 21 and memory 22 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 3 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.
[0062] The memory 22, as a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method in Embodiment 1. The processor 21 executes various functional applications and data processing of the processing device by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 22, thereby realizing the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method of Embodiment 1.
[0063] Memory 22 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 22 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to processor 21, which can be connected to processor 21 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
[0064] The program instructions / modules are stored in memory 22. When executed by one or more processors 21, they perform the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method described in Embodiment 1 above, for example, the method described above. Figure 2 The steps shown.
[0065] The above-described product can perform the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for performing the methods. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0066] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0067] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software and a general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, using hardware. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.
[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system, characterized in that, It includes a laser, a first coupler, a pulse modulation assembly, a circulator, the power optical cable under test, an optical filter, a second coupler, a first detector, a second detector, and a third detector, wherein: The laser is connected to the first coupler, and the first coupler is connected to the pulse modulation component and the second coupler respectively; The pulse modulation component is connected to the first port of the circulator, and the second port of the circulator is connected to the power optical cable under test; The third port of the circulator is connected to the optical filter, the optical filter is connected to the second coupler, the first detector and the second detector respectively, and the second coupler is connected to the third detector.
2. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first coupler has a beam splitting ratio of 9:
1. Using optical fiber as the medium, the light emitted by the laser passes through the first coupler, and 90% of the light is modulated into pulsed light by the pulse modulation component. After passing through the first port of the circulator, it enters the power optical cable under test through the second port of the circulator. Rayleigh scattering and spontaneous Raman scattering in the power optical cable under test return through the second port of the circulator and enter the optical filter through the third port of the circulator. The optical filter separates Rayleigh scattering, anti-Stokes Raman scattering, and Stokes Raman scattering. The anti-Stokes Raman scattering and Stokes Raman scattering are detected by the first detector and the second detector, respectively, to calculate the distributed temperature information of the fiber. The Rayleigh scattering enters the second coupler, interferes with the DC light separated from the first coupler, and is then detected by the third detector to calculate the distributed vibration information of the fiber. The icing area of the power optical cable under test is determined based on the obtained distributed vibration information. Using the non-iced area adjacent to the iced area as a reference, the icing thickness of the iced area of the power optical cable under test is calculated based on the obtained optical fiber distributed temperature information.
3. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The splitting ratio of the second coupler is 1:
1.
4. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the icing area of the power optical cable under test based on the obtained optical fiber distributed vibration information specifically includes: The vibration frequency f(z) at each location of the power optical cable under test is determined based on the obtained distributed vibration information of the optical fiber. By comparing the vibration frequencies f(z) at various locations of the power optical cable under test, the regions with vibration frequencies lower than a preset value are identified as icing regions z1, while the other locations are identified as non-icing regions z2.
5. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the ice thickness of the icing area of the power optical cable under test, using the adjacent non-icing area as a reference and based on the obtained optical fiber distributed temperature information, specifically includes: For adjacent icing and non-icing areas, based on the obtained fiber-optic distributed temperature information, the temperature change of adjacent icing and non-icing areas is continuously measured within a predetermined time period. If the temperature change in adjacent icing areas is △ T(z1), the magnitude of the temperature change in the adjacent non-icing region is △ If T(z2), then the ice thickness of the adjacent icing area is: a×ΔT(z2) / ΔT(z1), where a is a coefficient previously calibrated.
6. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse modulation component includes a semiconductor amplifier and a pulse signal source. The semiconductor amplifier is connected between the first coupler and the circulator, and the pulse signal source is connected to the semiconductor amplifier.
7. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, An erbium-doped fiber amplifier is also connected between the semiconductor amplifier and the circulator.
8. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The optical filter can filter out light with wavelengths of 1450nm, 1550nm and 1660nm, with an extinction ratio greater than 40dB; the bandwidths of the first detector, the second detector and the third detector are all greater than 250MHz.
9. The multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first detector, the second detector, and the third detector are all connected to a data acquisition card, which is connected to a computer; the sampling rate of the data acquisition card is greater than 500 MSa / s.
10. A multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection method, applied to the multi-parameter fusion distributed power optical cable icing detection system as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Acquire fiber-distributed vibration information and fiber-distributed temperature information of the power optical cable under test; The icing area of the power optical cable under test is determined based on the obtained optical fiber distributed vibration information; Using the non-iced area adjacent to the iced area as a reference, the icing thickness of the iced area of the power optical cable under test is calculated based on the obtained optical fiber distributed temperature information.