Automatic detection device for abrasion of guide sliding shoe of coal mining machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor detection systems, and particularly relates to an automatic wear detection device for a guide sliding shoe of a coal mining machine, which comprises a guide sliding shoe body and a wear-resistant lining plate fixed on the inner side of the guide sliding shoe body, the device further comprises a detection position adjusting assembly, an extrusion compensation mechanism, an ultrasonic detection assembly, multiple sets of limiting extrusion mechanisms, a high-pressure cleaning and blowing mechanism, a miniature three-axis acceleration sensor and a PLC. The abrasion loss of the abrasion-resistant lining plate on the inner side of the guide sliding shoe can be automatically detected in real time, active early warning is conducted, and safety risks caused by excessive abrasion are avoided; the extrusion pressure of the detection assembly can be adaptively regulated and controlled based on the vibration intensity; a contact surface is automatically cleaned according to dust attachment conditions, stable coupling is kept under severe working conditions of a coal mine, signal attenuation distortion is avoided, and continuous, accurate and reliable wear detection is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sensor detection system technology, and in particular relates to an automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of coal mining machines. Background Technology

[0002] The guide shoe is a core component of the coal mining machine, and its performance directly determines the machine's operational stability and safety. During operation, the guide shoe moves along the pins of the scraper conveyor to guide and position the machine, ensuring it travels along a predetermined path and avoiding deviation from the intended direction. It also bears part of the machine's weight, stably transferring gravity to the scraper conveyor and ensuring overall machine stability.

[0003] However, guide shoes must withstand continuous friction and impact under complex working conditions, and wear is their main failure mode. Wear in different parts can cause serious hidden dangers: For the guide groove (top surface), long-term friction with the pins leads to cumulative wear. When the wear exceeds the standard, it will increase the clearance between the guide shoe and the pins, causing poor meshing between the traveling wheel and the pins. This not only affects the transmission of traction and reduces coal mining efficiency, but in severe cases, it can also cause derailment accidents, damage equipment and endanger personnel safety, while increasing the frequency of equipment maintenance and replacement costs. For the side of the guide shoe, which undertakes the core function of guidance and positioning, it slides with the side of the guide rail. It is prone to severe friction when the coal mining machine is turning or under eccentric load conditions, and there is also a significant risk of wear.

[0004] Compared to top surface wear, wear on the sides of the guide shoe poses a more significant and unique risk: First, the hazards are more sudden and urgent. Side wear is directly related to the guiding function, and if it exceeds the limit, it will directly lead to the failure of the coal mining machine's guidance and loss of operational control, causing serious safety accidents. The risk priority is higher than that of top surface wear. Second, the wear is more concealed. Top surface wear can be initially judged by visual observation, but side wear is extremely difficult to detect manually due to spatial structure limitations and being obscured by the guide rail, making it very easy to miss. Third, the impact is wider. Side wear will disrupt the overall force balance of the machine, not only aggravating the damage to the shoe itself, but also affecting multiple related components such as the guide rail and traction mechanism, significantly increasing the overall maintenance cost.

[0005] Therefore, the wear condition of the guide shoe side is a key indicator that needs to be monitored, but existing detection methods are difficult to meet the requirements: manual detection is limited by space and field of vision, and its accuracy and timeliness are insufficient. At the same time, the continuous vibration generated during the operation of the coal mining machine will seriously affect the stability of the detection work and further reduce the reliability of the detection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing an automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes in coal mining machines.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an automatic detection device for wear of a coal mining machine guide shoe, comprising a guide shoe body and a wear-resistant liner fixed inside the guide shoe body, and further comprising: The detection position adjustment component is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the guide shoe body; The compression compensation mechanism is fixedly installed at the moving end of the detection position adjustment component; An ultrasonic testing component is fixedly installed at the moving end of the compression compensation mechanism and is used to quickly detect the wear degree of the wear-resistant liner by contacting the guide shoe body. Multiple sets of limiting and squeezing mechanisms are evenly installed outside the ultrasonic testing component to provide limiting and squeezing pressure when the ultrasonic testing component is performing testing. A high-pressure cleaning mechanism is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ultrasonic testing component and is used to clean the testing position of the ultrasonic testing component corresponding to the guide shoe body. A miniature triaxial accelerometer is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide shoe body to monitor the vibration force borne by the guide shoe body in real time. The PLC controller is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the detection position adjustment component, so that the vibration signal fed back by the miniature triaxial accelerometer is positively correlated with the extrusion pressure of the extrusion compensation mechanism and the extrusion pressure of the limiting extrusion mechanism.

[0008] In the above-mentioned automatic detection device for wear of guide slipper of a coal mining machine, the detection position adjustment component includes a mounting shell fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide slipper body, and two longitudinal electric slide rails are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell, and the moving ends of the two longitudinal electric slide rails are fixedly connected to the same transverse electric slide rail.

[0009] In the aforementioned automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine, the compression compensation mechanism includes a fixed housing fixedly installed at the moving end of the transverse electric slide rail. Multiple compensation rods are movably inserted on the side of the fixed housing away from the transverse electric slide rail. One end of each compensation rod located inside the fixed housing is fixedly connected to the same compensation plate. Multiple compensation springs sleeved on the compensation rods are fixedly connected between the compensation plate and the fixed housing. A thrust permanent magnet plate is fixedly installed on the side of the compensation plate away from the compensation rods. A thrust electromagnetic plate, which is opposite to the thrust permanent magnet plate, is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the fixed housing.

[0010] In the above-mentioned automatic detection device for wear of guide slipper of coal mining machine, the ultrasonic detection component includes a detection cylinder fixedly connected to one end of multiple compensation rods, an ultrasonic detection probe is fixedly installed inside the detection cylinder, and a buffer damping rubber sleeve is fixedly filled between the ultrasonic detection probe and the detection cylinder.

[0011] In the aforementioned automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine, the limiting extrusion mechanism includes two extrusion rods that are movably inserted into the wall of the detection cylinder. One end of the two extrusion rods located inside the detection cylinder is fixedly connected to the same arc-shaped extrusion plate. The arc-shaped extrusion plate extrudes against the outer wall of the ultrasonic detection probe. The ends of the two extrusion rods away from the arc-shaped extrusion plate penetrate the outside of the detection cylinder and are fixedly connected to the same push-pull plate. An insulating cover is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the detection cylinder, covering the push-pull plate. A force-bearing permanent magnet plate is fixedly connected to the side of the push-pull plate away from the extrusion rods. An applying electromagnetic plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the insulating cover, opposite to the force-bearing permanent magnet plate.

[0012] In the above-mentioned automatic detection device for wear of guide slipper of coal mining machine, the high-pressure cleaning mechanism includes an L-shaped extension rod fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection cylinder. A cleaning nozzle is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped extension rod away from the detection cylinder. An air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cleaning nozzle. An air supply pump is installed on the air supply pipe. The air supply pump is fixedly installed outside the L-shaped extension rod.

[0013] In the above-mentioned automatic detection device for wear of guide slipper of coal mining machine, two miniature laser rangefinders are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed shell and arranged perpendicularly to each other, and the emitting end of the miniature laser rangefinder is arranged perpendicularly to the inner wall of the fixed shell.

[0014] In the aforementioned automatic detection device for wear of guide slippers of a coal mining machine, the air outlet of the cleaning nozzle is inclined toward the end of the ultrasonic detection probe.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. By incorporating the guide shoe body, detection position adjustment component, compression compensation mechanism, ultrasonic detection component, and miniature triaxial accelerometer, the wear amount of the wear-resistant liner on the inner side of the guide shoe can be automatically detected in real time and the data can be fed back. This transforms the wear status from passive maintenance to proactive early warning, significantly improving the operational safety of the guide shoe and effectively avoiding risks such as derailment and equipment damage caused by excessive wear of the wear-resistant liner. At the same time, based on the vibration intensity borne by the guide shoe, the continuous contact state between the ultrasonic detection component and the shoe, as well as the compression compensation force during detection, can be automatically adjusted to ensure that the detection component maintains stable coupling under harsh working conditions such as complex vibration and dust in coal mines, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of wear detection.

[0016] 2. Through the set limit extrusion mechanism and miniature triaxial accelerometer, the working extrusion pressure of the ultrasonic detection component can be automatically adjusted by adaptive control logic based on the vibration intensity (quantified by acceleration signal) borne by the guide shoe. The working pressure is dynamically matched to the magnitude of vibration impact—the stronger the vibration, the greater the extrusion compensation force. This effectively suppresses the shaking, displacement, or air gap between the detection component and the shoe surface caused by vibration, avoiding signal attenuation and distortion caused by unstable coupling. It ensures that the detection component always maintains a stable fit with the shoe under complex vibration conditions in coal mines, guaranteeing the accuracy and continuous reliability of wear detection of wear-resistant liners.

[0017] 3. Through the high-pressure cleaning mechanism, the dust adhesion on the contact surface of the guide shoe can be intelligently judged based on the cumulative separation time between the ultrasonic detection component and the guide shoe detection position. The mechanism can adaptively remove the adhering material on the contact surface, avoid ultrasonic transmission attenuation and poor coupling caused by dust accumulation, ensure that the detection component always maintains stable sound wave emission and reception quality, and guarantee the continuous accuracy of wear detection of wear-resistant lining plates. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the detection position adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified three-dimensional structural diagram of the middle section; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the installation of the extrusion compensation mechanism, ultrasonic detection component, limiting extrusion mechanism, and high-pressure cleaning mechanism of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the compression compensation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic detection component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the limiting extrusion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the high-pressure cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Guide shoe body; 2. Detection position adjustment assembly; 21. Mounting shell; 22. Longitudinal electric slide rail; 23. Transverse electric slide rail; 3. Extrusion compensation mechanism; 31. Fixed shell; 32. Compensation rod; 33. Compensation plate; 34. Compensation spring; 35. Thrust permanent magnet plate; 36. Thrust electromagnetic plate; 37. Miniature laser rangefinder; 4. Ultrasonic detection assembly; 41. Detection cylinder; 42. Ultrasonic detection probe; 43. Buffer damping sleeve; 5. Limiting extrusion mechanism; 51. Extrusion rod; 52. Arc-shaped extrusion plate; 53. Push-pull plate; 54. Insulating cover; 55. Force-bearing permanent magnet plate; 56. Force-adding electromagnetic plate; 6. High-pressure cleaning mechanism; 61. L-shaped extension rod; 62. Cleaning nozzle; 63. Air supply pipe; 64. Air supply pump; 7. Wear-resistant liner; 8. Miniature triaxial accelerometer; 9. PLC controller. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1-8 As shown, an automatic wear detection device for a coal mining machine guide shoe includes a guide shoe body 1 and a wear-resistant liner 7 fixed inside the guide shoe body 1, and further includes: The detection position adjustment component 2 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide shoe body 1. The detection position adjustment component 2 includes a mounting shell 21 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide shoe body 1. Two longitudinal electric slide rails 22 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell 21. The moving ends of the two longitudinal electric slide rails 22 are fixedly connected to the same transverse electric slide rail 23.

[0022] The compression compensation mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the moving end of the detection position adjustment component 2. The compression compensation mechanism 3 includes a fixed housing 31 fixedly installed on the moving end of the transverse electric slide rail 23. Multiple compensation rods 32 are movably inserted on the side of the fixed housing 31 away from the transverse electric slide rail 23. The ends of the multiple compensation rods 32 located inside the fixed housing 31 are fixedly connected to the same compensation plate 33. Multiple compensation springs 34 sleeved on the outside of the compensation rods 32 are fixedly connected between the compensation plate 33 and the fixed housing 31. A thrust permanent magnet plate 35 is fixedly installed on the side of the compensation plate 33 away from the compensation rods 32. A thrust electromagnetic plate 36 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the fixed housing 31, which is opposite to the thrust permanent magnet plate 35. Two miniature laser rangefinders 37 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed housing 31, and the emitting end of the miniature laser rangefinder 37 is perpendicular to the inner wall of the fixed housing 31.

[0023] The ultrasonic testing component 4 is fixedly installed on the moving end of the compression compensation mechanism 3. It is used to press against the outside of the guide shoe body 1 to quickly detect the wear degree of the wear-resistant liner 7. The ultrasonic testing component 4 includes a testing cylinder 41 fixedly connected to one end of multiple compensation rods 32. An ultrasonic testing probe 42 is fixedly installed inside the testing cylinder 41. A buffer damping rubber sleeve 43 is fixedly filled between the ultrasonic testing probe 42 and the testing cylinder 41.

[0024] Multiple sets of limiting and squeezing mechanisms 5 are evenly installed outside the ultrasonic testing component 4 to provide limiting and squeezing pressure when the ultrasonic testing component 4 is being tested. Each limiting and squeezing mechanism 5 includes two squeezing rods 51 that are movably inserted into the wall of the testing cylinder 41. One end of the two squeezing rods 51 located inside the testing cylinder 41 is fixedly connected to the same arc-shaped squeezing plate 52. The arc-shaped squeezing plate 52 squeezes against the outer wall of the ultrasonic testing probe 42. The ends of the two squeezing rods 51 away from the arc-shaped squeezing plate 52 pass through the outside of the testing cylinder 41 and are fixedly connected to the same push-pull plate 53. An insulating cover 54 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the testing cylinder 41 and covers the push-pull plate 53. A force-bearing permanent magnet plate 55 is fixedly connected on the side of the push-pull plate 53 away from the squeezing rods 51. An applying electromagnetic plate 56 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the insulating cover 54 and is positioned opposite to the force-bearing permanent magnet plate 55.

[0025] The high-pressure cleaning mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ultrasonic testing component 4 and is used to clean the testing position of the ultrasonic testing component 4 corresponding to the guide slipper body 1. The high-pressure cleaning mechanism 6 includes an L-shaped extension rod 61 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the testing cylinder 41. A cleaning nozzle 62 is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped extension rod 61 away from the testing cylinder 41. An air supply pipe 63 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cleaning nozzle 62. An air supply pump 64 is installed on the air supply pipe 63. The air supply pump 64 is fixedly installed outside the L-shaped extension rod 61. The air outlet of the cleaning nozzle 62 is inclined toward the end of the ultrasonic testing probe 42.

[0026] A miniature triaxial accelerometer 8 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide shoe body 1 to monitor the vibration force borne by the guide shoe body 1 in real time. The PLC controller 9 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the detection position adjustment component 2, so that the vibration signal fed back by the miniature triaxial accelerometer 8 is positively correlated with the extrusion pressure of the extrusion compensation mechanism 3 and the extrusion pressure of the limiting extrusion mechanism 5.

[0027] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: The PLC controller 9 controls the power supply equipment to supply power to the thrust electromagnetic plate 36 in the compression compensation mechanism 3, so that the thrust electromagnetic plate 36 is energized and generates the same polarity as the thrust permanent magnet plate 35, thereby providing a magnetic thrust to the compensation plate 33. The compensation plate 33, together with the compensation rod 32, overcomes the elastic force of the compensation spring 34 and pushes the ultrasonic detection component 4 toward the guide shoe body 1, so that the detection end of the ultrasonic detection probe 42 abuts against the guide shoe body 1. The ultrasonic testing probe 42 emits ultrasonic waves onto the guide shoe body 1. Ultrasonic waves are mechanical waves that propagate stably in solid media (steel) and are significantly reflected when they encounter interfaces between different media (such as wear-resistant liner 7 and air, or wear-resistant liner 7 and pin row). The working surface of the wear-resistant liner 7 is the core area where wear occurs. After the ultrasonic waves are emitted from the probe, they will eventually be reflected back to the probe at the interface between the working surface of the wear-resistant liner 7 and the pin row. The length of its propagation path is directly related to the remaining thickness of the wear-resistant liner 7. The speed at which the ultrasonic waves propagate within the guide shoe body 1 and the wear-resistant liner 7 are determined in advance based on the materials of the guide shoe body 1 and the wear-resistant liner 7. The ultrasonic propagation speed of the guide shoe body 1 is confirmed to be V1, and the ultrasonic propagation speed of the wear-resistant liner 7 is confirmed to be V2. The ultrasonic testing probe 42 is tightly fitted to the surface of the guide shoe body 1 without gaps to ensure that the ultrasonic waves completely penetrate the body. When the wear-resistant liner 7 is in a brand new state, the initial thickness of the wear-resistant liner 7 is H1. The system records the total round-trip time T_total of the ultrasonic probe → guide shoe body 1 → wear-resistant liner 7 → working surface → reflected back to the probe. The total round-trip time T_total = the round-trip time of the ultrasonic wave in the guide shoe body 1 T1 + the round-trip time of the ultrasonic wave in the wear-resistant liner 7 T2, where T1 = 2 × L1 / V1 (L1 is the fixed thickness from the installation point of the guide shoe body 1 to the inner side of the wear-resistant liner 7, which remains unchanged after installation), so T1 is a fixed value and is permanently stored after calibration; When the coal mining machine is working, the working surface of the wear-resistant liner 7 rubs against the pin row, and the remaining thickness gradually decreases from H1 to H2. The ultrasonic detection probe 42 periodically emits ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic wave propagation path remains unchanged, but the propagation distance in the wear-resistant liner 7 is shortened. The ultrasonic wave penetrates the guide shoe body 1 in the form of a longitudinal wave (propagation distance L1) and reaches the interface of "guide shoe body 1-wear-resistant liner 7". Since both are steel, the ultrasonic wave is almost unreflected and directly enters the wear-resistant liner 7. The ultrasonic wave propagates through the remaining thickness H2 in the wear-resistant liner 7 and reaches the interface of "wear-resistant liner 7 working surface-pin row"—this is the interface of two media. The ultrasonic wave is strongly reflected, and the reflected wave propagates in the opposite direction along the original path, passing through the wear-resistant liner 7 again (distance H2). The guide shoe body 1 (distance L1) is eventually captured by the receiving end of the ultrasonic detection probe 42. The system records the total round-trip time T_total = T1 (fixed value) + T3 (round-trip time of ultrasonic waves in the wear-resistant liner 7 after wear). Since T1 has been determined in the initial calibration, the system directly obtains the round-trip time T3 of ultrasonic waves in the wear-resistant liner 7 through T_total - T1. According to the formula: T3 = 2 × H2 / V2 (round-trip distance is 2 times the remaining thickness), the remaining thickness H2 of the wear-resistant liner 7 is derived in reverse: H2 = (T3 × V2) / 2. Then, by comparing it with the wear threshold value of the wear-resistant liner 7 preset by the system, it can be confirmed whether the wear of the wear-resistant liner 7 exceeds the standard, and a warning signal is promptly fed back to remind the staff to carry out the corresponding replacement treatment. The PLC controller 9 controls the ultrasonic detection component 4 to detect the wear of the wear-resistant liner 7 at regular intervals. Even if the wear of the wear-resistant liner 7 is still within the standard range, if the wear rate of the wear-resistant liner 7 exceeds the set threshold in two consecutive detection results, a warning signal will be promptly fed back to remind the staff to take appropriate action. During normal testing, the ultrasonic testing component 4 is aligned with the most wear-prone position on the outside of the guide shoe body 1. After each major cycle, the PLC controller 9 controls the longitudinal electric slide rail 22 and the transverse electric slide rail 23 in the testing position adjustment component 2 to drive the ultrasonic testing component 4 to perform tests at multiple positions on the outside of the guide shoe body 1. This confirms whether wear has occurred at other positions of the wear-resistant liner 7 and provides feedback. When wear is detected at other positions of the wear-resistant liner 7, the PLC controller 9 controls the two miniature laser rangefinders 37 outside the fixed housing 31 to work, confirming the position of the fixed housing 31 relative to the mounting housing 21 and providing a position signal to the PLC controller. In subsequent normal testing, the problematic testing positions are then tested again synchronously to promptly identify different wear problems. The miniature triaxial accelerometer 8 monitors the magnitude of the vibration force on the guide shoe body 1 in real time and feeds back the signal to the PLC controller 9. When the miniature triaxial accelerometer 8 reports that the vibration force on the guide shoe body 1 is too large, the PLC controller 9 controls the power supply to cut off the power supply to the thrust electromagnetic plate 36. Then, under the action of the compensation spring 34, the ultrasonic detection component 4 is reset and moved upward, so that the ultrasonic detection probe 42 is separated from the guide shoe body 1, avoiding the vibration force on the guide shoe body 1 from being directly transmitted to the ultrasonic detection probe 42, which could easily cause direct impact damage to the ultrasonic detection probe 42. The buffer damping sleeve 43 provided between the ultrasonic detection probe 42 and the detection cylinder 41 can effectively buffer the vibration force transmitted from the mounting shell 21, providing better protection for the ultrasonic detection probe 42. Furthermore, when the ultrasonic testing component 4 needs to operate, the PLC controller 9 controls the compression compensation mechanism 3 to power on again, causing the ultrasonic testing probe 42 to contact the surface of the guide shoe body 1 again. Based on the magnitude of the vibration force fed back by the miniature triaxial accelerometer 8, the PLC controller 9 automatically adjusts the current supplied by the power supply equipment to the thrust electromagnetic plate 36. Specifically, the greater the vibration force fed back by the miniature triaxial accelerometer 8, the greater the current supplied by the power supply equipment to the thrust electromagnetic plate 36, thereby increasing the contact pressure between the ultrasonic testing probe 42 and the guide shoe body 1. This is because the contact pressure of the ultrasonic testing probe 42 needs to be sufficient to eliminate the tiny gap between the probe and the surface of the guide shoe body 1, ensuring that the ultrasonic waves penetrate without attenuation. However, when the vibration force on the guide shoe body 1 is too large, this impact vibration force will affect the sealing fit between the ultrasonic testing probe 42 and the guide shoe body 1, requiring greater contact pressure to ensure that the ultrasonic testing probe 42 is installed in place. Before the ultrasonic testing probe 42 performs its testing, the PLC controller 9 controls the power supply to supply positive current to the force-applying electromagnetic plate 56, causing the force-applying electromagnetic plate 56 to generate the same magnetism as the force-bearing permanent magnet plate 55, thereby applying a magnetic thrust to the push-pull plate 53. The push-pull plate 53, together with the extrusion rod 51, pushes the arc-shaped extrusion plate 52 to stably press against the outside of the ultrasonic testing probe 42. The cooperation of multiple arc-shaped extrusion plates 52 can make the ultrasonic testing probe 42 installed stably. Moreover, the greater the vibration force fed back by the miniature triaxial accelerometer 8, the greater the positive current supplied by the PLC controller 9 to the force-applying electromagnetic plate 56, so that the extrusion force of the arc-shaped extrusion plate 52 on the ultrasonic testing probe 42 is greater. Because when the vibration is large, the ultrasonic testing probe 42 is more likely to deviate. Providing a greater clamping force can ensure that the ultrasonic testing probe 42 is in a stable working state and ensure measurement accuracy. The PLC controller 9 has a built-in timing module that automatically records the time it takes for the ultrasonic detection probe 42 to leave the detection position on the surface of the guide shoe body 1, i.e., the exposure time of the detection position on the guide shoe body 1. When the set time threshold is reached, before the ultrasonic detection component 4 is used for measurement, the PLC controller 9 first controls the high-pressure cleaning mechanism 6 to start. The air supply pump 64, together with the air supply pipe 63, delivers high-pressure airflow into the cleaning nozzle 62, thereby cleaning the detection position on the surface of the guide shoe body 1 and preventing the attached dust from affecting the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic detection probe 42.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic wear detection device for a coal mining machine guide shoe, comprising a guide shoe body (1) and a wear-resistant liner (7) fixed inside the guide shoe body (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The detection position adjustment component (2) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the guide shoe body (1); The compression compensation mechanism (3) is fixedly installed at the moving end of the detection position adjustment component (2); The ultrasonic testing component (4) is fixedly installed at the moving end of the compression compensation mechanism (3) and is used to abut against the outside of the guide shoe body (1) to quickly detect the wear degree of the wear-resistant liner (7); Multiple sets of limiting extrusion mechanisms (5) are evenly installed outside the ultrasonic testing component (4) to provide limiting extrusion pressure when the ultrasonic testing component (4) is being tested. The high-pressure cleaning mechanism (6) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ultrasonic testing component (4) and is used to clean the detection position of the ultrasonic testing component (4) corresponding to the guide slipper body (1). A miniature triaxial accelerometer (8) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide shoe body (1) to monitor the vibration force borne by the guide shoe body (1) in real time. The PLC controller (9) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the detection position adjustment component (2) so that the vibration signal fed back by the micro triaxial accelerometer (8) is positively correlated with the extrusion pressure of the extrusion compensation mechanism (3) and the extrusion pressure of the limiting extrusion mechanism (5).

2. The automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection position adjustment component (2) includes a mounting shell (21) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide shoe body (1). The inner wall of the mounting shell (21) is symmetrically fixedly connected to two longitudinal electric slide rails (22), and the moving ends of the two longitudinal electric slide rails (22) are fixedly connected to the same transverse electric slide rail (23).

3. The automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compression compensation mechanism (3) includes a fixed housing (31) fixedly installed at the moving end of the transverse electric slide rail (23). Multiple compensation rods (32) are movably inserted on the side of the fixed housing (31) away from the transverse electric slide rail (23). One end of the multiple compensation rods (32) located inside the fixed housing (31) is fixedly connected to the same compensation plate (33). Multiple compensation springs (34) sleeved outside the compensation rods (32) are fixedly connected between the compensation plate (33) and the fixed housing (31). A thrust permanent magnet plate (35) is fixedly installed on the side of the compensation plate (33) away from the compensation rods (32). A thrust electromagnetic plate (36) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the fixed housing (31) opposite to the thrust permanent magnet plate (35).

4. The automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ultrasonic testing assembly (4) includes a testing cylinder (41) fixedly connected to one end of the plurality of compensation rods (32), an ultrasonic testing probe (42) is fixedly installed inside the testing cylinder (41), and a buffer damping rubber sleeve (43) is fixedly filled between the ultrasonic testing probe (42) and the testing cylinder (41).

5. The automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting extrusion mechanism (5) includes two extrusion rods (51) that are movably inserted into the wall of the detection cylinder (41). One end of the two extrusion rods (51) located inside the detection cylinder (41) is fixedly connected to the same arc-shaped extrusion plate (52). The arc-shaped extrusion plate (52) extrudes against the outer wall of the ultrasonic detection probe (42). The ends of the two extrusion rods (51) away from the arc-shaped extrusion plate (52) penetrate through the outside of the detection cylinder (41) and are fixedly connected to the same push-pull plate (53). An insulating cover (54) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the detection cylinder (41) and covers the push-pull plate (53). A force-bearing permanent magnet plate (55) is fixedly connected on the side of the push-pull plate (53) away from the extrusion rods (51). An electric electromagnetic plate (56) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the insulating cover (54) and is opposite to the force-bearing permanent magnet plate (55).

6. The automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pressure cleaning mechanism (6) includes an L-shaped extension rod (61) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection cylinder (41). A cleaning nozzle (62) is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped extension rod (61) away from the detection cylinder (41). An air supply pipe (63) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cleaning nozzle (62). An air supply pump (64) is installed on the air supply pipe (63). The air supply pump (64) is fixedly installed outside the L-shaped extension rod (61).

7. The automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, Two miniature laser rangefinders (37) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fixed shell (31) and are arranged perpendicularly to each other. The emitting end of the miniature laser rangefinder (37) is arranged perpendicularly to the inner wall of the fixed shell (31).

8. The automatic detection device for wear of guide shoes of a coal mining machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air outlet of the cleaning nozzle (62) is tilted toward the end of the ultrasonic detection probe (42).

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