Device for automatically monitoring carbon emission of bridge engineering in different time periods

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for automatically monitoring bridge engineering carbon emission in different time periods, and the device comprises a data collection module which is used for collecting the source data information related to the carbon emission of a bridge engineering site; the time period management module is used for defining and managing a monitoring time interval and is in communication connection with the data acquisition module; the central processing module is in communication connection with the data acquisition module and the time period management module; the data analysis and storage module is in communication connection with the central processing module so as to store the source data information and the timestamp label information, calculate and store the carbon emission of the corresponding timestamp label information time period according to the source data information, and transmit the carbon emission information to the central processing module; and the early warning feedback module is in communication connection with the central processing module. According to the invention, the problems of single monitoring object and incapability of comprehensively covering the carbon emission in the engineering construction stage in the detection of the carbon emission in the bridge engineering construction stage in the prior art can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, specifically to an automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering projects. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global attention focused on climate change, carbon emission reduction has become a crucial strategic goal for socio-economic development in various countries. Transportation and infrastructure construction, as significant sources of carbon emissions, are vitally dependent on a green and low-carbon transformation. Among road infrastructure, bridges, due to their massive scale, large quantities of building materials, and long construction periods, generate significant carbon emissions throughout their entire lifecycle. Therefore, accurate and efficient monitoring and control of carbon emissions from bridge projects is a crucial step in achieving the "dual carbon" goals in the transportation sector.

[0003] Chinese patent CN120996239A discloses a method for predicting carbon emissions from highway bridges. The method includes a central processing unit (CPU), an output connected to a data center, an output connected to a discrimination unit, an output connected to a locking module, an output connected to a tracking unit, and an output connected to a rectification unit. The data center stores data, the discrimination unit predicts whether carbon emissions are within acceptable limits, and the locking module locks abnormal vehicles. This method primarily focuses on managing carbon emissions from vehicles during operation. It uses spectral remote sensing and imaging modules installed on the bridge to perform instantaneous analysis of vehicle exhaust, predict whether carbon emissions meet standards, and tracks and monitors non-compliant vehicles for subsequent rectification.

[0004] While the above-mentioned scheme can manage the carbon emissions of moving vehicles, it has limited monitoring of carbon emissions during the construction phase of bridge engineering itself. It cannot cover the on-site construction phase of bridge engineering (such as foundation construction, pier construction, bridge deck paving, etc.) and lacks the ability to manage the carbon footprint of engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering projects, so as to improve the problem that the existing technology for detecting carbon emissions during the construction phase of bridge engineering projects has the problem of a single monitoring object and cannot fully cover carbon emissions during the construction phase.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An automated time-segmented carbon emission monitoring device for bridge engineering includes: The data acquisition module is used to collect source data information related to carbon emissions at the bridge engineering site. The source data includes source data information of fixed construction areas, source data information of mobile construction equipment, and source data information of dynamic consumption of construction materials. The time period management module is used to define and manage monitoring time intervals, which include macro-level project time intervals and micro-level construction time intervals. It is also connected to the data acquisition module to add timestamp tags to the source data information. The central processing module is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module and the time period management module to receive the source data information and the timestamp tag information; The data analysis and storage module is communicatively connected to the central processing module to store the source data information and the timestamp tag information, calculate and store the carbon emissions for the corresponding time period of the timestamp tag information based on the source data information, and transmit the carbon emissions information to the central processing module. The early warning feedback module is communicatively connected to the central processing module and is preset with a carbon emission threshold to issue an early warning message when the carbon emission information data exceeds the carbon emission threshold.

[0007] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes a fixed source monitoring unit for collecting source data information of the fixed construction area. The fixed source monitoring unit includes a gas concentration sensor, an energy consumption monitoring device, and a dust monitor that are simultaneously communicatively connected to the time period management module and the central processing module. The dust monitor is used to collect indirect carbon emission data related to dust generated during construction.

[0008] Furthermore, the data acquisition module also includes a mobile source monitoring unit for collecting source data information of the mobile construction equipment. The mobile source monitoring unit includes an on-board terminal and a fuel consumption sensor installed on the construction equipment. The on-board terminal and the fuel consumption sensor are both communicatively connected to the time period management module and the central processing module. The on-board terminal and the fuel consumption sensor have built-in equipment identification codes, which are used to uniquely identify the corresponding construction equipment.

[0009] Furthermore, the data acquisition module also includes a material consumption monitoring unit for collecting dynamic consumption data of construction materials. This unit includes an RFID reader installed at the entrance / exit of the material storage area, a vehicle-mounted weighing terminal on the material transport vehicle, and a smart material requisition terminal at the construction workstation. The RFID reader identifies the type, batch, and quantity of incoming materials. The vehicle-mounted weighing terminal records loss data during material transportation. The smart material requisition terminal records real-time material consumption data during construction. The RFID reader, vehicle-mounted weighing terminal, and smart material requisition terminal are all communicatively connected to the time period management module and the central processing module. Each of these components has a built-in material monitoring identification code, uniquely identifying the relevant material monitoring equipment and the corresponding monitored material type.

[0010] Furthermore, the time period management module includes a construction stage division unit for presetting the macro time interval of the project and a fixed interval division unit for automatically generating the micro time period of the construction sequence according to a fixed duration. Both the construction stage division unit and the fixed interval division unit are communicatively connected to the central processing module. The construction stages preset by the construction stage division unit include the foundation construction stage, the pier construction stage, the bridge deck construction stage, and the ancillary facility construction stage.

[0011] Furthermore, the data analysis and storage module includes a data storage unit and a data analysis and calculation unit that are communicatively connected. Both the data storage unit and the data analysis and calculation unit are communicatively connected to the central processing module. The data storage unit is used to store the source data information, the timestamp tag information, and the carbon emission information. The data storage unit also stores a carbon emission factor database of energy and material carbon emission coefficients. The data analysis and calculation unit is used to calculate the carbon emission based on the source data information and the energy and material carbon emission coefficients to obtain the carbon emission information, and simultaneously transmits the carbon emission information to the central processing module and the data storage unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the data analysis and storage module also includes a trend analysis unit for comparing carbon emissions over different time periods and generating trend reports.

[0013] Furthermore, the early warning feedback module includes a threshold setting unit for setting the carbon emission threshold and an alarm triggering unit for issuing an early warning message when the carbon emission test value is greater than the carbon emission threshold. The threshold setting unit is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module.

[0014] Furthermore, the early warning feedback module also includes a multi-channel notification unit for sending early warning information through channels, including platform interface pop-ups, SMS, email, and on-site audible and visual alarms.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a visualization module that is communicatively connected to the central processing module. The visualization module is used to display the source data information, timestamp tag information, carbon emission information, and early warning information in a graphical interface.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This automated time-segmented carbon emission monitoring device for bridge engineering achieves closed-loop management of the entire process of carbon emission monitoring for bridge engineering, from automatic data collection, time-series marking, centralized processing, accounting analysis to exceeding the standard warning, through the collaboration of a data acquisition module, a time-segmented management module, a central processing module, a data analysis and storage module, and an early warning feedback module. The time-segmented management module enables refined monitoring of carbon emissions in different time periods, overcoming the limitations of existing technologies that can only perform instantaneous, single-event detection. It provides a foundation for carbon footprint management throughout the entire life cycle of engineering projects and improves the problem of existing technologies for monitoring carbon emissions during the construction phase of bridge engineering, which have the problem of monitoring only a single object and cannot comprehensively cover carbon emissions during the construction phase.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Data Acquisition Module; 11. Fixed Source Monitoring Unit; 111. Gas Concentration Sensor; 112. Energy Consumption Monitoring Equipment; 113. Dust Monitor; 12. Mobile Source Monitoring Unit; 121. Vehicle Terminal; 122. Fuel Consumption Sensor; 13. Material Consumption Monitoring Unit; 131. RFID Reader; 132. Vehicle Weighing Terminal; 133. Intelligent Material Requisition Terminal; 2. Time Period Management Module; 21. Construction Stage Division Unit; 22. Fixed Interval Division Unit; 3. Central Processing Module; 4. Data Analysis and Storage Module; 41. Data Storage Unit; 42. Data Analysis and Calculation Unit; 43. Trend Analysis Unit; 5. Early Warning Feedback Module; 51. Threshold Setting Unit; 52. Alarm Trigger Unit; 53. Multi-channel Notification Unit; 6. Visualization Display Module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side," "the other side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is conventionally placed during use. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Furthermore, terms such as "identical" do not imply that components must be absolutely identical; minor differences are permissible. The term "perpendicular" simply means that the positional relationship between components is more perpendicular than "parallel," not that the structure must be perfectly perpendicular; a slight tilt is acceptable.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides an automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering projects, comprising: Data acquisition module 1 is used to collect source data information related to carbon emissions at the bridge engineering site. The source data includes source data information of fixed construction areas, source data information of mobile construction equipment, and source data information of dynamic consumption of construction materials. The time period management module 2 is used to define and manage monitoring time intervals, which include the macro time interval of the project and the micro time interval of the construction sequence. It is also connected to the data acquisition module 1 to add time stamp labels to the source data information. The central processing module 3 is connected to the data acquisition module 1 and the time period management module 2 to receive source data information and timestamp tag information; The data analysis and storage module 4 is connected to the central processing module 3 to store source data information and timestamp tag information, calculate and store the carbon emissions for the corresponding time period based on the source data information, and transmit the carbon emissions information to the central processing module 3. The early warning feedback module 5 is connected to the central processing module 3 and is preset with a carbon emission threshold to issue an early warning message when the carbon emission information data exceeds the carbon emission threshold.

[0026] The emission device of this invention, compared to the detection of passing vehicles in the prior art, can be expanded to detect carbon emissions generated during bridge project activities. Through the collaboration of data acquisition module 1, time period management module 2, central processing module 3, data analysis and storage module 4, and early warning feedback module 5, it realizes the management of carbon emissions from bridge engineering from automatic data collection, time-series marking, centralized processing, accounting analysis to over-limit early warning. Through time period management module 2, it realizes the fine-grained monitoring of carbon emissions in different time periods, overcoming the limitations of the prior art which can only perform instantaneous, single-event detection. It provides a foundation for the carbon footprint management of engineering projects and improves the problem of the existing technology for detecting carbon emissions during the construction phase of bridge engineering, which has the problem of a single monitoring object and cannot fully cover carbon emissions during the construction phase.

[0027] Specifically, at the construction site, various sensors and devices deployed in data acquisition module 1 begin operating, continuously collecting source data. Time period management module 2 operates synchronously, adding timestamps to each data entry. Central processing module 3, acting as the information hub, receives and integrates all data and tags, then schedules data analysis and storage module 4. Data analysis and storage module 4 calls its built-in carbon emission factor database, calculates the carbon emissions for each specific timestamped time period based on the source data, and sends the results back to central processing module 3. Central processing module 3 compares the real-time carbon emission information with the preset carbon emission thresholds in early warning feedback module 5. If a threshold is exceeded, early warning feedback module 5 immediately issues a warning.

[0028] It is understood that the central processing module 3 in this embodiment of the invention can be a PLC controller, such as a combinational logic controller, a microprogram controller, etc., as long as it can implement the operation described in this application. Of course, the central processing module 3 can also be integrated into a physical device as different modules. This invention does not impose specific restrictions on the physical implementation of the central processing module 3.

[0029] In this embodiment: the data acquisition module 1 includes a fixed source monitoring unit 11 for collecting source data information of a fixed construction area. The fixed source monitoring unit 11 includes a gas concentration sensor 111, an energy consumption monitoring device 112, and a dust monitor 113, which are simultaneously connected to the time period management module 2 and the central processing module 3. The dust monitor 113 is used to collect indirect carbon emission data related to dust generated during construction.

[0030] By adding a fixed source monitoring unit 11 and specifically configuring a gas concentration sensor 111, an energy consumption monitoring device 112, and a dust monitoring instrument 113, direct, fixed-point, and precise monitoring of carbon emissions from fixed facilities at the construction site (such as concrete mixing plants and precast component processing areas) can be achieved. This covers important static emission sources in bridge engineering. Compared with the shortcomings of existing technologies that completely ignore the fixed emissions of the construction site itself, this technology grasps the key points of carbon emissions in building material production (such as concrete mixing) and on-site operation, ensuring the comprehensiveness of data collection.

[0031] Gas concentration sensors 111 are installed on the top of the mixing plant's silos or at the boundary of the construction area to monitor changes in the concentration of greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4. Energy consumption monitoring devices 112 (such as smart meters and gas flow meters) are installed at the main power supply line or fuel pipeline inlet of the mixing plant and processing shed to collect real-time data on the consumption of electricity, fuel oil, and natural gas. Dust monitors 113 are deployed at the boundary of the construction area and at work sites prone to dust generation to collect dust concentration data such as TSP (Total Suspended Particulates) and PM10. The fixed construction area source data collected by these devices are all sent directly to the central processing module 3 with timestamp tag information.

[0032] In this embodiment: the data acquisition module 1 further includes a mobile source monitoring unit 12 for collecting source data information of mobile construction equipment. The mobile source monitoring unit 12 includes an on-board terminal 121 and a fuel consumption sensor 122 installed on the construction equipment. The on-board terminal 121 and the fuel consumption sensor 122 are both communicatively connected to the time period management module 2 and the central processing module 3. The on-board terminal 121 and the fuel consumption sensor 122 have built-in equipment identification codes, which are used to uniquely identify the corresponding construction equipment.

[0033] By adding a mobile source monitoring unit 12 and configuring an on-board terminal 121 and a fuel consumption sensor 122, the industry challenge of real-time and accurate collection of source data from mobile construction equipment such as excavators, cranes, and dump trucks has been addressed. This enables dynamic tracking and energy consumption metering of mobile emission sources, complementing the stationary source monitoring unit 11 and forming a complete data collection system covering both stationary and mobile emission sources. Simultaneously, the built-in equipment identification code enables precise association between carbon emission data and specific construction equipment, facilitating the tracing of the carbon emission contribution of individual devices and providing accurate data support for optimizing equipment scheduling and evaluating equipment energy efficiency.

[0034] In use, each large construction machine is equipped with a vehicle-mounted terminal 121 (such as integrating GPS, communication and data processing functions) or a fuel consumption sensor 122 is directly installed in the fuel system. During the operation of the machine, the mobile construction equipment source data information such as working time, real-time geographical location and fuel consumption is automatically collected and sent to the central processing module 3 after being attached with timestamp information. This directly reflects the intensity and efficiency of construction activities, making it possible to link carbon emissions with specific construction procedures and ensuring that the data is traceable and correlated.

[0035] By assigning a built-in device identification code to each machine, precise traceability and "machine-specific responsibility" for carbon emission data are achieved. This allows carbon emission data to be analyzed from a macro-level statistical perspective at the project level down to a micro-level perspective at the individual machine level. Each piece of fuel consumption and working hour data can be uniquely linked to a specific construction machine (e.g., excavator number 005), providing a precise data foundation for calculating single-machine costs, assessing equipment energy efficiency, and optimizing equipment scheduling. This enables more refined management than simply marking "abnormal vehicles" in existing technologies, facilitating targeted maintenance, replacement, or scheduling measures to achieve truly precise emission reduction.

[0036] During system initialization, a unique device identification code is assigned and registered for each device's on-board terminal 121 or fuel consumption sensor 122. Subsequently, all data uploaded by this device through the mobile source monitoring unit 12 automatically carries this identification code. The central processing module 3 and the data analysis and storage module 4 can use this identification code to filter, classify, and summarize the data during processing.

[0037] The device identification code can be a hardware code or a software allocation code. The hardware code can be a MAC address or an International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI), which can be entered or configured using existing methods. The software allocation code can be generated according to the company's internal asset numbering rules, such as "EXC-2025-005" (excavator-2025-No. 5), and can be manually or through a configuration file entered into the firmware or software of the vehicle terminal 121.

[0038] In this embodiment: the data acquisition module 1 further includes a material consumption monitoring unit 13 for collecting dynamic consumption source data information of construction materials. The material consumption monitoring unit 13 includes an RFID reader 131 installed at the entrance and exit of the material storage area, a vehicle-mounted weighing terminal 132 on the material transport vehicle, and a material requisition smart terminal 133 at the construction work station. The RFID reader 131 is used to identify the type, batch, and quantity of incoming materials. The vehicle-mounted weighing terminal 132 is used to record loss data during material transportation. The material requisition smart terminal 133 is used to record real-time material requisition and consumption data during construction. The RFID reader 131, the vehicle-mounted weighing terminal 132, and the material requisition smart terminal 133 are all communicatively connected to the time period management module 2 and the central processing module 3. The RFID reader 131, the vehicle-mounted weighing terminal 132, and the material requisition smart terminal 133 have built-in material monitoring identification codes, which are used to uniquely identify the material monitoring related equipment and the corresponding monitored material type.

[0039] The material consumption monitoring unit 13 establishes a data collection system for construction materials from their arrival and transportation to their consumption, addressing the challenge of accurately obtaining carbon emission data for construction materials. RFID readers 131, vehicle-mounted weighing terminals 132, and intelligent material requisition terminals 133 ensure the integrity and real-time nature of material consumption data. Built-in material monitoring identification codes enable precise association between material types and monitoring equipment, providing a reliable basis for calculating the carbon emission contribution of different materials and improving the coverage of the data collection module 1.

[0040] When materials arrive on site, RFID reader 131 reads the RFID tags on the material packaging, identifies the material type, batch and quantity, and sends the data, along with the material monitoring identification code and timestamp tag information, to the central processing module 3. During material transportation, the vehicle-mounted weighing terminal 132 monitors the material weight changes in real time, records loss data and uploads it synchronously. When construction personnel collect materials at their workstations, they scan the code or enter the collection information through the material collection smart terminal 133 to record real-time collection and consumption data, ensuring that the entire process of material consumption is traceable.

[0041] In this embodiment: the time period management module 2 includes a construction stage division unit 21 for presetting the macro time interval of the project and a fixed interval division unit 22 for automatically generating the micro time period of the construction sequence according to a fixed duration. Both the construction stage division unit 21 and the fixed interval division unit 22 are communicatively connected to the central processing module 3. The construction stages preset by the construction stage division unit 21 include the foundation construction stage, the pier construction stage, the bridge deck construction stage, and the ancillary facility construction stage.

[0042] By clearly defining specific construction stages through construction phase division unit 21, precise matching of carbon emission monitoring with construction progress is achieved, facilitating the analysis of carbon emission characteristics at different construction stages. Fixed interval division unit 22 generates micro-time periods, enabling refined carbon emission monitoring. Construction phase division unit 21 and fixed interval division unit 22 concretize and operationalize the concept of "time-segmented" monitoring, realizing time-series management at both macro (project stage) and micro (hour / shift) dimensions. This allows carbon emission data to reflect the emission characteristics of the overall project progress and reveal daily or even hourly emission fluctuation patterns, enriching the dimensions and depth of data analysis.

[0043] Before the project starts, construction phase division unit 21 is used to pre-set macro-time intervals for projects such as "earthwork excavation," "foundation construction," "pier construction," and "bridge deck paving" based on the construction organization design. During system operation, fixed-interval division unit 22 automatically generates micro-time intervals for the construction sequence in 1-hour, 8-hour (one shift), or 24-hour units. All collected source data is assigned to the corresponding micro-time interval and belongs to a specific macro-time interval, thus clearly recording carbon emissions at different construction phases and time periods.

[0044] The setting of construction phase division unit 21 is mainly based on the project's construction organization design, overall schedule (such as a Gantt chart or network diagram), and main bill of quantities. These documents clearly define the main technological stages and time nodes that the bridge project will undergo from commencement to completion. For example, at the initial stage of the project, project managers configure the construction phase division unit 21 by logging into the management backend, such as the visualization module 6. The following steps are typically used: a. Stage Definition: Based on the construction organization design, the entire project is divided into several macro stages. For example, bridge engineering can usually be divided into: "Preliminary preparation and temporary construction", "Foundation construction", "Substructure construction (piers, abutments)", "Superstructure construction (beam erection, bridge deck system)" and "Ancillary facilities and final acceptance".

[0045] b. Time Interval Definition: Specify the planned start and end dates for each defined phase. This defines consecutive macro-time intervals for the project on the system timeline.

[0046] c. Information association: The system can associate the expected key activities, major mechanical equipment, and carbon emission thresholds for each stage (preset in the threshold setting unit 51 of the early warning feedback module 5) to achieve more targeted management.

[0047] The fixed interval division unit 22 can be set based on a fixed time period. For example: a. Divided by hour: The day is divided into 24 time periods, which is suitable for scenarios that require precise monitoring of daily work fluctuations; b. Divided by shift: Divided according to the project's work shift system (e.g., "day shift: 08:00-16:00", "night shift: 16:00-24:00"), which conforms to the management habits of the construction site; c. Divided by day: The calendar day is used as a time period, which is suitable for daily carbon emission summary statistics.

[0048] Automatic operation: Once the interval parameters are set (e.g., set to 1 hour), the fixed interval division unit 22 will run automatically and continuously like a clock, generating equal and continuous micro time periods of construction sequence on the system time axis (e.g., automatically generating time periods of 00:00-01:00, 01:00-02:00, ..., 23:00-24:00 every day).

[0049] The macro-timeframe of the project is established by the construction phase division unit 21 (e.g., the "foundation construction" phase is from June 1, 2025 to August 31, 2025). Within this macro-framework, the fixed interval division unit 22 automatically generates more detailed time slices (e.g., within the "foundation construction" phase, the micro-timeframe of construction sequence from 08:00 to 09:00 on June 1, 2025 is generated). Each piece of source data collected by the data acquisition module 1 will be tagged with a corresponding timestamp by the time period management module 2. This tag includes both the micro-timeframe of construction sequence to which it belongs and the macro-timeframe of the project.

[0050] In this embodiment, the data analysis and storage module 4 includes a data storage unit 41 and a data analysis and calculation unit 42 that are communicatively connected. Both the data storage unit 41 and the data analysis and calculation unit 42 are communicatively connected to the central processing module 3. The data storage unit 41 is used to store source data information, timestamp tag information, and carbon emission information. The data storage unit 41 also stores a carbon emission factor database of energy and material carbon emission coefficients. The data analysis and calculation unit 42 is used to calculate carbon emissions based on the source data information and energy and material carbon emission coefficients to obtain carbon emission information, and at the same time transmits the carbon emission information to the central processing module 3 and the data storage unit 41.

[0051] Through the data storage unit 41 and the data analysis and calculation unit 42, and with the built-in carbon emission factor database, the raw energy consumption data (such as electricity and oil consumption per kilowatt-hour) is automatically, efficiently and accurately converted into standardized carbon emission information, ensuring the scientific nature, consistency and automation of the accounting work, and completely getting rid of the inefficient mode of manual table lookup and manual calculation.

[0052] The data storage unit 41 is responsible for securely storing all source data information, timestamp tag information, and calculated carbon emission information. After receiving instructions from the central processing module 3, the data analysis and calculation unit 42 extracts energy consumption data for a specific time period from the data storage unit 41, queries the carbon emission factor database to obtain the corresponding emission coefficient (e.g., 1 kWh = 0.581 kg CO2), automatically completes the calculation, stores the resulting carbon emission information back into the data storage unit 41, and reports it to the central processing module 3.

[0053] It should be noted that the carbon emission factor database is based on existing technology. A carbon emission factor refers to the amount of carbon dioxide emitted per unit of activity data (e.g., consuming 1 kWh of electricity). These values ​​can be derived from scientific research and official statistics. For example, the appendix to the "Guidelines for Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emission Accounting Methods and Reporting" issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China clearly lists the emission factors for energy and building materials (e.g., diesel: 2.73 kgCO2 / liter), which can be directly used as the basis for enterprise carbon accounting.

[0054] In this embodiment, the data analysis and storage module 4 also includes a trend analysis unit 43 for comparing carbon emissions in different time periods and generating trend reports.

[0055] By adding a trend analysis unit 43, carbon emissions over different time periods can be automatically compared to generate intuitive trend reports, helping managers quickly identify emission peaks and detect abnormal fluctuations, transforming dry data into valuable decision support information.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, the trend analysis unit 43 can be activated periodically (e.g., every early morning) or as needed. It calls historical data in the data storage unit 41, compares emissions at different construction stages and different micro-time periods, and generates trend reports in the form of line charts, bar charts, etc., clearly presenting the carbon emission change trend and marking abnormal emission periods to provide direction for subsequent optimization and adjustment.

[0057] The data analysis and calculation unit 42 is equipped with an "emission factor method" calculation model. The "emission factor method" is one of the main methods for calculating carbon emissions, and those skilled in the art can choose to apply it as needed.

[0058] Specifically, formula (1): Carbon emissions (CO2e) = Activity data (AD) × Emission factor (EF) × Global warming potential (GWP) Among them, activity data (AD) refers to the energy and material consumption or production obtained by data acquisition module 1, such as the amount of diesel fuel consumed, the amount of electricity purchased from the grid (kWh), and the amount of cement used (tons).

[0059] Emission Factor (EF): This refers to the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated per unit of activity data, obtained from the "Carbon Emission Factor Database" mentioned above. For example, the EF for diesel is 2.73 kg CO2 / L; the average EF of a certain regional power grid is 0.581 kg CO2 / kWh.

[0060] Global warming potential (GWP): Used to convert non-CO2 greenhouse gases (such as CH4 and N2O) into carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e), and is usually directly integrated into the emission factor.

[0061] During the calculation, the data analysis and calculation unit 42 determines the data type of the activity (e.g., diesel consumption, electricity consumption) based on the equipment identification code or monitoring point ID attached to the data; based on the data type of the activity, it automatically matches the most suitable emission factor from the carbon emission factor database; it calls formula (1) to calculate the carbon emissions generated by the activity data in real time; based on the timestamp label of the data, it classifies it into the corresponding "construction sequence micro time period" and "project macro time interval", and accumulates them to obtain the total carbon emissions of the time period.

[0062] In this embodiment: the early warning feedback module 5 includes a threshold setting unit 51 for setting a carbon emission threshold and an alarm triggering unit 52 for issuing an early warning message when the carbon emission test value is greater than the carbon emission threshold. The threshold setting unit 51 is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module 1.

[0063] By setting the threshold setting unit 51 and the alarm triggering unit 52, real-time automatic control of the process is realized. Based on the preset carbon emission threshold, carbon emissions can be dynamically monitored and an early warning message can be issued in time when the limit is exceeded, so as to intervene in real time. During the construction process, managers can immediately check the site to determine whether it is equipment failure, process problem or management oversight, and make timely adjustments, thereby effectively controlling unnecessary carbon emissions and improving the timeliness and effectiveness of carbon management.

[0064] Specifically, based on project emission reduction targets, construction plans, and historical data, management personnel use threshold setting unit 51 to set differentiated carbon emission thresholds for different project macro-time intervals or even different micro-time periods of construction sequence. Alarm triggering unit 52 monitors carbon emission information sent from central processing module 3 in real time; once it detects that the cumulative emissions or real-time rate for a certain time period exceeds the threshold, it automatically triggers an alarm.

[0065] The threshold setting unit 51 can set thresholds based on the daily average threshold of the project target, the specific threshold of the construction phase, or the instantaneous rate threshold of real-time data. For example, if the daily average threshold based on the project target is 50 tons of CO2 equivalent per day, then if the calculated carbon emissions on a given day exceed the daily threshold of 50 tons, the alarm triggering unit 52 will be activated immediately, and a warning will be issued to the project manager through the multi-channel notification unit 53. As another example, in the "bridge pier construction project" phase, if the carbon emission threshold for a single concrete pouring activity is set to 150 tons, then if the calculated carbon emissions for a single pouring activity exceed the specific threshold of 150 tons, the system will issue a specific alarm to the site engineer and equipment manager. As yet another example, if the carbon emission rate threshold for the on-site generator set cluster is set to 5 tons per hour, then if the system detects that the carbon emission rate is continuously above 5 tons per hour for one hour, the instantaneous rate alarm will be triggered, reminding maintenance personnel to carry out immediate repairs.

[0066] In this embodiment, the early warning feedback module 5 also includes a multi-channel notification unit 53 for sending early warning information through channels, including platform interface pop-ups, SMS, email, and on-site sound and light alarms.

[0067] By setting up a multi-channel notification unit 53, it is ensured that early warning information can be delivered to relevant personnel in a timely, reliable, and multi-channel manner. Whether managers are in the office or on the construction site, they can receive alerts through the most convenient means such as platform interface pop-ups, SMS, email, and on-site audible and visual alarms. This greatly shortens the response time from problem discovery to action, ensures the actual effectiveness of the early warning mechanism, and avoids situations where key information is missed due to personnel not being at their computers.

[0068] The system pre-sets the contact information and notification preferences of recipients. When the alarm triggering unit 52 is activated, the multi-channel notification unit 53 will send warning information through multiple channels in parallel or according to priority. For example, the project manager in the office will receive a pop-up window on the platform interface and an email, while the foreman on site will receive a text message.

[0069] In this embodiment, the automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering also includes a visualization module 6 that is communicatively connected to the central processing module 3. The visualization module 6 is used to display source data information, timestamp tag information, carbon emission information, and early warning information in a graphical interface.

[0070] By adding a visualization module 6, this claim transforms complex source data information, timestamp tag information, carbon emission information, and early warning information into an intuitive graphical interface, providing managers with a centralized, clear, and easy-to-use carbon management display interface, significantly reducing the threshold for data interpretation and improving monitoring efficiency and decision-making experience.

[0071] As is known to those skilled in the art, the visualization module 6 can be displayed as a web application or a mobile application. After logging in, the main interface can display a real-time carbon emission dashboard, historical emission bar charts divided by construction stage unit 21, trend curves generated by trend analysis unit 43, and a list of current warning information. Users can interactively click on the charts to extract and view detailed data for different time periods.

[0072] Specifically, the visualization module 6 includes a data interface unit, a graphics rendering unit, and a user interface. The data interface unit is communicatively connected to the central processing module 3 to receive source data, timestamp information, carbon emission information, and early warning information from the central processing module 3. The graphics rendering unit is connected to the data interface unit 61 to convert the received data into graphical chart elements. The user interface integrates the chart elements generated by the graphics rendering unit and provides human-computer interaction functions. The user interface includes a real-time monitoring dashboard, a historical data drill-down view, and an equipment traceability view. The real-time monitoring dashboard centrally displays the total carbon emissions for the current time period, a progress bar comparing it to the preset target, and a list of active early warning information. The historical data drill-down view allows users to select different macro-time intervals or micro-time intervals of the construction sequence to view a detailed list of carbon emission data for that time period. The equipment traceability view displays the carbon emission contribution rate and work trajectory of specific mobile construction equipment within a selected time period, based on its equipment identification code.

[0073] Through the collaborative operation of its data interface unit, graphics rendering unit, and user interface, the monitoring results of the entire device are transformed into an intuitive and interactive management interface, realizing the transparency of carbon emission data and facilitating decision support. It deeply integrates and graphically presents multi-source heterogeneous data from the central processing module 3 (such as source data information collected by the fixed source monitoring unit 11 and the mobile source monitoring unit 12 and processed by the data analysis and storage module 4, carbon emission information, and early warning information generated by the early warning feedback module 5). The user interface includes a real-time monitoring dashboard, a historical data capture view, and an equipment traceability view, which transform abstract carbon emission data into easily understandable charts and interactive interfaces from three dimensions: macro-level trends, historical details, and individual traceability. This greatly reduces the data interpretation threshold, enabling project managers to grasp the overall emission situation at a glance, quickly locate problem periods, and accurately trace high-emission equipment, thereby supporting efficient and accurate carbon management decisions.

[0074] During operation, the data interface unit continuously receives real-time or historical data from the central processing module 3. Subsequently, the graphics rendering unit automatically converts this data into graphical elements, dynamically displaying them in the user interface. For example, after logging into the system, administrators first gain an overview of the current carbon emission intensity and the gap with the target through the real-time monitoring dashboard. If an anomaly warning is detected, the system can immediately click on the warning information, and the system will drill down through the historical data drill-down view to the relevant time period defined by the time period management module 2, viewing the detailed emission list calculated by the data analysis and calculation unit 42 within that time period. To further investigate the causes, users can retrieve the working trajectory and carbon emission contribution rate of the equipment within the selected time period by entering or selecting the specific equipment identification code marked by the mobile source monitoring unit 12 in the equipment traceability view. This completes the full analysis loop from "macro warning" to "micro traceability," achieving comprehensive, refined, and visualized control over the carbon emissions of bridge engineering.

[0075] Working principle: First, data acquisition and time-series marking are performed. At the bridge construction site, data acquisition module 1 is activated. Its fixed source monitoring unit 11 (using gas concentration sensor 111, energy consumption monitoring equipment 112, and dust monitor 113) monitors energy consumption in fixed areas such as the mixing plant and processing area; simultaneously, mobile source monitoring unit 12 (using vehicle-mounted terminal 121 and fuel consumption sensor 122) tracks the fuel consumption and working hours of mobile equipment such as excavators and cranes in real time. Each mobile source monitoring unit 12 has a unique equipment identification code to ensure data traceability to a single piece of equipment. The material consumption monitoring unit 13's RFID reader 131, vehicle-mounted weighing terminal 132, and material requisition smart terminal 133 collect data on material entry, transportation, and requisition consumption, and carries a material monitoring identification code. At the same time, time period management module 2 operates synchronously. Its construction stage division unit 21 has preset macro-time intervals such as "foundation construction" and "pier construction"; its fixed interval division unit 22 automatically generates micro-time periods for construction sequence per hour or per shift. The time period management module 2 adds a precise timestamp label to each piece of "source data information" collected by the data acquisition module 1, indicating which micro-time period and macro-interval the data belongs to.

[0076] Secondly, data processing and carbon emission calculation are performed. The central processing module 3 receives source data information carrying timestamp tag information and identification code, and forwards it to the data analysis and storage module 4. The data storage unit 41 stores the source data information, timestamp tag information, and carbon emission factor database; the data analysis and calculation unit 42 calls the carbon emission factor database in the data storage unit 41 (containing standard coefficients such as "1 kWh = 0.581 kg CO2") to calculate the carbon emissions for each micro-time period and each construction stage, stores the results in the data storage unit 41, and feeds them back to the central processing module 3; the trend analysis unit 43 periodically compares the carbon emissions for different time periods and different construction stages and generates a trend report.

[0077] Then, threshold comparison and early warning feedback are performed. The central processing module 3 sends real-time or segmented carbon emission information to the early warning feedback module 5. The early warning feedback module 5 compares it in real time with the preset thresholds at various levels (such as daily total threshold and single-process threshold) in the threshold setting unit 51. When the carbon emission of a certain construction sequence micro-period exceeds the threshold, the alarm triggering unit 52 determines the early warning level and sends early warning information to relevant management personnel through the multi-channel notification unit 53 (such as SMS, email, platform pop-up). The on-site audible and visual alarms also sound an alarm to remind relevant personnel to intervene in a timely manner.

[0078] Finally, visualization monitoring and decision support are implemented. Throughout the process, the central processing module 3 transmits source data, timestamp information, carbon emission information, early warning information, and detailed graphical data to the visualization module 6, presenting them intuitively in a graphical interface. Managers can use the visualization module 6 to view real-time carbon emission status, historical trends, early warning information, and various detailed graphical representations, deeply mining the value of the data to optimize construction plans, equipment scheduling, and material usage plans, achieving precise control of carbon emissions during the bridge construction phase.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering projects, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module (1) is used to collect source data information related to carbon emissions at the bridge engineering site. The source data includes source data information of fixed construction areas, source data information of mobile construction equipment, and source data information of dynamic consumption of construction materials. The time period management module (2) is used to define and manage the monitoring time interval, which includes the project macro time interval and the construction sequence micro time interval, and is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module (1) to add time stamp information to the source data information; The central processing module (3) is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module (1) and the time period management module (2) to receive the source data information and the timestamp tag information; The data analysis and storage module (4) is connected to the central processing module (3) to store the source data information and the timestamp tag information, calculate and store the carbon emissions for the corresponding time period of the timestamp tag information based on the source data information, and transmit the carbon emissions information to the central processing module (3). The early warning feedback module (5) is connected to the central processing module (3) and has a preset carbon emission threshold to issue an early warning message when the carbon emission information data exceeds the carbon emission threshold.

2. The automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module (1) includes a fixed source monitoring unit (11) for collecting source data information of the fixed construction area. The fixed source monitoring unit (11) includes a gas concentration sensor (111), an energy consumption monitoring device (112), and a dust monitor (113) that are simultaneously connected to the time period management module (2) and the central processing module (3). The dust monitor (113) is used to collect indirect carbon emission data related to dust generated during construction.

3. The automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data acquisition module (1) further includes a mobile source monitoring unit (12) for collecting source data information of the mobile construction equipment. The mobile source monitoring unit (12) includes a vehicle-mounted terminal (121) and a fuel consumption sensor (122) installed on the construction equipment. The vehicle-mounted terminal (121) and the fuel consumption sensor (122) are both connected to the time period management module (2) and the central processing module (3) at the same time. The vehicle-mounted terminal (121) and the fuel consumption sensor (122) have built-in equipment identification codes, which are used to uniquely identify the corresponding construction equipment.

4. The automated time-segmented carbon emission monitoring device for bridge engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data acquisition module (1) further includes a material consumption monitoring unit (13) for collecting dynamic consumption source data information of construction materials. The material consumption monitoring unit (13) includes an RFID reader (131) installed at the entrance and exit of the material storage area, a vehicle-mounted weighing terminal (132) for material transport vehicles, and a material requisition smart terminal (133) for construction workstations. The RFID reader (131) is used to identify the type, batch, and quantity of incoming materials. The vehicle-mounted weighing terminal (132) is used to record loss data during material transportation. The material requisition smart terminal (133) is used to record real-time material requisition and consumption data during construction. The RFID reader (131), vehicle-mounted weighing terminal (132), and material requisition smart terminal (133) are all communicatively connected to the time period management module (2) and the central processing module (3). The RFID reader (131), vehicle-mounted weighing terminal (132), and material requisition smart terminal (133) have built-in material monitoring identification codes, which are used to uniquely identify the material monitoring related equipment and the corresponding monitored material type.

5. The automated time-segmented carbon emission monitoring device for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time period management module (2) includes a construction stage division unit (21) for presetting the macro time interval of the project and a fixed interval division unit (22) for automatically generating the micro time period of the construction sequence according to a fixed duration. The construction stage division unit (21) and the fixed interval division unit (22) are both communicatively connected to the central processing module (3). The construction stages preset by the construction stage division unit (21) include the foundation construction stage, the pier construction stage, the bridge deck construction stage, and the ancillary facility construction stage.

6. The automated time-segmented carbon emission monitoring device for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data analysis and storage module (4) includes a data storage unit (41) and a data analysis and calculation unit (42) connected in communication. Both the data storage unit (41) and the data analysis and calculation unit (42) are connected in communication to the central processing module (3). The data storage unit (41) is used to store the source data information, the timestamp tag information, and the carbon emission information. The data storage unit (41) also stores a carbon emission factor database of energy and material carbon emission coefficients. The data analysis and calculation unit (42) is used to calculate the carbon emission based on the source data information and the energy and material carbon emission coefficients to obtain the carbon emission information, and transmits the carbon emission information to the central processing module (3) and the data storage unit (41).

7. The automated time-segmented carbon emission monitoring device for bridge engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data analysis and storage module (4) also includes a trend analysis unit (43) for comparing carbon emissions over different time periods and generating trend reports.

8. The automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early warning feedback module (5) includes a threshold setting unit (51) for setting the carbon emission threshold and an alarm triggering unit (52) for issuing early warning information when the carbon emission test value is greater than the carbon emission threshold. The threshold setting unit (51) is communicatively connected to the data acquisition module (1).

9. The automated time-segmented monitoring device for carbon emissions from bridge engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that, The early warning feedback module (5) also includes a multi-channel notification unit (53) for sending early warning information through channels, including platform interface pop-ups, SMS, emails and on-site sound and light alarms.

10. The automated time-segmented carbon emission monitoring device for bridge engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a visualization module (6) that is connected to the central processing module (3) for displaying the source data information, timestamp tag information, carbon emission information and early warning information in a graphical interface.

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