Chest surgery nursing operation teaching device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical teaching equipment, and particularly relates to a thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device, which comprises a fixed seat, a driving part is arranged in the fixed seat, and a bionic part is arranged at the upper part of the driving part; the driving part comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft, an extrusion shaft, a rotating roller, an extrusion ring, a connecting rod, an upper limb sliding seat, a lower limb sliding seat and an elastic reset piece, the driving motor is fixedly connected with the interior of the fixed seat, one end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of the driving motor, and the extrusion shaft is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the driving shaft; the rotating roller is rotationally arranged in the extrusion shaft, the extrusion ring is arranged on the outer edge of the extrusion shaft in a sleeving mode, and the outer edge of the rotating roller makes contact with the extrusion ring. Real breathing simulation can be achieved through oval extrusion driving, and the device is low in noise and long in service life; a layered bionic structure is adopted to display an anatomical relationship, and an organ package can be replaced to simulate various pathologies; closed-loop control quantitative feedback is adopted, and the pressure is adjusted by combining the sucking pump, so that the teaching scientificity and standardization are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical teaching equipment technology, specifically relating to a thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device. Background Technology

[0002] Thoracic surgery nursing is an important component of clinical medical education, demanding high levels of practical skills from operators. During training, trainees need to master techniques such as chest palpation, percussion, ventilator parameter adjustment, and chest compressions through repeated practice. Therefore, teaching devices that realistically simulate human respiratory function are crucial for improving training quality.

[0003] Currently, most teaching models used in thoracic surgery nursing education are static models. Their fixed thoracic structure cannot simulate the rhythmic rise and fall of the chest during respiration, making it difficult for trainees to gain a realistic experience of dynamic operation and hindering the improvement of teaching effectiveness. Some dynamic teaching models use pneumatic drive, achieving chest movement through the inflation and deflation of cylinders or air bladders. However, such devices suffer from problems such as complex structure, large size, high noise, and poor motion stability. Furthermore, the response speed and control precision of pneumatic systems are limited, making it difficult to accurately simulate changes in respiratory frequency and amplitude under different physiological states.

[0004] Furthermore, existing teaching devices are relatively simplified in their biomimetic structural design, typically possessing only a single external form and lacking a complete representation of the anatomical layers such as thoracic organs, rib bones, and skin tissue. This makes it difficult for students to intuitively understand the synergistic effects of each layer during respiratory movements. At the same time, most devices can only simulate respiratory movements under normal physiological conditions and cannot simulate pathological conditions such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, or pulmonary nodules, resulting in a relatively limited teaching function. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a teaching device for thoracic surgery nursing operations, which can achieve realistic breathing simulation through elliptical compression drive, with low noise and long lifespan; it adopts a layered biomimetic structure to show anatomical relationships, and replaceable organ packs to simulate various pathologies; it adopts closed-loop control and quantitative feedback, combined with a vacuum pump to adjust pressure, which significantly improves the scientific and standardized nature of teaching.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device includes a fixed base, a driving part is provided inside the fixed base, and a bionic part is provided on the upper part of the driving part; The drive unit includes a drive motor, a drive shaft, an extrusion shaft, a rotating roller, an extrusion ring, a connecting rod, an upper limb slide, a lower limb slide, and elastic reset components. The drive motor is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed base. One end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. The extrusion shaft is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the drive shaft. The rotating roller is rotatably disposed inside the extrusion shaft. The extrusion ring is sleeved on the outer edge of the extrusion shaft, and the outer edge of the rotating roller is in contact with the extrusion ring. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to both ends of the extrusion ring. The upper limb slide is slidably disposed inside the fixed base, and the upper limb slide is rotatably connected to the other end of the corresponding connecting rod. The lower limb slide is slidably disposed inside the fixed base, and the lower limb slide is fixedly connected to the other end of the corresponding connecting rod. Multiple elastic reset components are provided, and multiple elastic reset components are disposed between the upper limb slide, the lower limb slide, and the fixed base.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion shaft is configured as an ellipse, and the rotating roller is rotatably disposed on the elliptical protrusion of the extrusion shaft.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion ring is made entirely of rubber, and a circular contact hole is provided on the inner side of the extrusion ring. The inner side of the contact hole contacts the outer edge of the rotating roller, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the extrusion ring.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a support base is fixedly disposed inside the fixed base, and a circular support hole is disposed inside the support base. The inner side of the support hole contacts the outer edge of the extrusion ring, and limiting grooves that cooperate with the connecting rod are provided on both sides of the support hole.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed base has a guide groove inside that mates with the upper limb slide and the lower limb slide.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the bionic part includes an organ pack, an upper limb rib seat, a lower limb rib seat, an external attachment, and a suction pump. The organ pack is disposed at the upper end of the drive unit. The upper limb rib seat is inserted and fixedly connected to the corresponding upper limb slide seat. The lower limb rib seat is inserted and fixedly connected to the corresponding lower limb slide seat. The external attachment is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the fixed base, and the upper ends of the upper limb rib seat and the lower limb rib seat are both located inside the external attachment. The suction pump is fixedly disposed inside the fixed base. The suction end of the suction pump is connected to the interior of the organ pack, and its discharge end is connected to the exterior of the fixed base.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the outer attachment includes a retaining ring and a simulated breast layer, the retaining ring being fixedly connected to the upper part of the retaining seat, and the simulated breast layer being fixedly connected to the inside of the retaining ring.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the organ package is a replaceable structure, and the interior of the organ package is filled with simulants that simulate different pathological states.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, both the upper limb slide and the lower limb slide are equipped with displacement sensors, which are used to detect the displacement of the upper limb slide and the lower limb slide.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the drive motor is a servo motor, and a controller electrically connected to the drive motor is provided on the mounting base. The controller is used to adjust the speed and start / stop of the drive motor, and the controller is electrically connected to a displacement sensor.

[0016] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention employs a drive structure that combines an elliptical extrusion shaft and an elastic extrusion ring. By rotating the roller, sliding friction is transformed into rolling friction, resulting in smooth, continuous, and regular reciprocating motion. This allows the undulating rhythm of the bionic thoracic cavity to realistically simulate the frequency and amplitude of human breathing, providing trainees with an immersive operational training experience. It also features a compact structure, high transmission efficiency, low noise, low wear, and long service life. This invention adopts a split-type biomimetic design. The organ pack simulates the internal organs of the thoracic cavity, the rib seats simulate the skeletal support, and the simulated chest layer simulates the skin tissue, forming a complete anatomical structure layer from the inside out, which makes it easy for students to intuitively understand the anatomical relationship of the thoracic cavity. The organ pack adopts a replaceable structure and can be filled with different simulation materials according to teaching needs to realize the simulation of various pathological states such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, and pulmonary nodules, thus expanding the teaching application scenarios of the device. This invention uses a displacement sensor to detect the displacement of the sliding seat in real time. Combined with a closed-loop control system of controller and servo motor, it can precisely adjust the speed and start / stop of the drive motor, realizing quantitative adjustment and feedback of respiratory rate and amplitude. The suction pump is connected to the inside of the organ pack, which can actively adjust the internal pressure of the organ pack to simulate pathological conditions such as negative pressure in the pleural cavity or pneumothorax. This facilitates instructors to objectively assess the accuracy of trainees' operations and significantly improves the scientific nature and standardization of teaching and training. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an overall sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the drive unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion ring and support base according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6This is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion ring and support base according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external attachment, upper limb rib seat, and lower limb rib seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing seat, upper limb rib seat, lower limb rib, upper limb slide, and lower limb slide of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, including an upper limb rib seat, a lower limb rib, an upper limb slide, and a lower limb slide.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Fixed base; 101. Support base; 2. Drive unit; 201. Drive motor; 202. Drive shaft; 203. Extrusion shaft; 204. Rotating roller; 205. Extrusion ring; 206. Connecting rod; 207. Upper limb slide; 208. Lower limb slide; 209. Elastic reset component; 3. Bionic part; 301. Organ pack; 302. Upper limb rib seat; 303. Lower limb rib seat; 304. External attachment; 3041. Fixed ring; 3042. Imitated chest layer; 305. Air pump; 4. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device, including a fixed base 1, a driving part 2 is provided inside the fixed base 1, and a bionic part 3 is provided on the upper part of the driving part 2. The drive unit 2 includes a drive motor 201, a drive shaft 202, an extrusion shaft 203, a rotating roller 204, an extrusion ring 205, a connecting rod 206, an upper limb slide 207, a lower limb slide 208, and an elastic reset member 209. The drive motor 201 is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed base 1. One end of the drive shaft 202 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 201. The extrusion shaft 203 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the drive shaft 202. The rotating roller 204 is rotatably disposed inside the extrusion shaft 203. The extrusion ring 205 is sleeved on the outer edge of the extrusion shaft 203 and rotates... The outer edge of the moving roller 204 contacts the extrusion ring 205. The connecting rod 206 is fixedly connected to both ends of the extrusion ring 205. The upper limb slide 207 is slidably disposed inside the fixed seat 1, and the upper limb slide 207 is rotatably connected to the other end of the corresponding connecting rod 206. The lower limb slide 208 is slidably disposed inside the fixed seat 1, and the lower limb slide 208 is fixedly connected to the other end of the corresponding connecting rod 206. Multiple elastic reset members 209 are provided, and multiple elastic reset members 209 are disposed between the upper limb slide 207, the lower limb slide 208 and the fixed seat 1.

[0024] Specifically, after the drive motor 201 starts, its output end drives the drive shaft 202 to rotate, and the extrusion shaft 203, which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 202, rotates synchronously. The extrusion shaft 203 is generally elliptical, and its elliptical protrusion is provided with a rotatable rotating roller 204. When the extrusion shaft 203 rotates, its elliptical protrusion periodically pushes the extrusion ring 205 sleeved on its outer edge outward. Since the extrusion ring 205 is limited by the circular support hole of the support seat 101, it cannot move as a whole. Therefore, it undergoes elastic deformation under the extrusion action of the rotating roller 204. The rotating roller 204 transforms sliding friction into rolling friction, making the movement smoother. The deformation of the extrusion ring 205 causes the connecting rods 206, which are fixedly connected at both ends, to expand outward. The other ends of the connecting rods 206 are respectively connected to the upper limb slide 207 and the lower limb slide 208, pushing them to slide linearly within the guide groove of the fixed seat 1. When the short shaft of the extrusion shaft 203 rotates to contact the extrusion ring 205, the elastic reset member 209 releases the stored elastic potential energy, pulling the upper limb slide 207 and the lower limb slide 208 back to their original positions. This cycle continues. The movement of the upper limb slide 207 and lower limb slide 208 is transmitted to the upper limb rib seat 302 and lower limb rib seat 303 through a plug-in fixing method, causing the bionic ribs to undulate rhythmically. Since the upper ends of the upper limb rib seat 302 and lower limb rib seat 303 are both located inside the simulated chest layer 3042 of the outer attachment seat 304, their undulating movement is manifested as the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity, while periodically squeezing and relaxing the organ package 301 located at the upper end of the drive part 2, thus realistically simulating the breathing movement of the human body. The elliptical compression shaft 203 and the elastic compression ring 205 work together to produce smooth, continuous and regular reciprocating motion, so that the rhythm of the bionic rib cage realistically simulates the frequency and amplitude of human breathing, providing trainees with an immersive operational training experience.

[0025] Please see Figure 2 as well as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the extrusion shaft 203 is elliptical in shape, and the rotating roller 204 is rotatably disposed on the elliptical protrusion of the extrusion shaft 203. When the elliptical structure of the extrusion shaft 203 rotates, its major and minor axes alternately act on the extrusion ring 205, converting continuous rotational motion into smooth linear reciprocating motion, thereby accurately simulating the rhythmic undulation of the thorax. At the same time, the rotating roller 204 is rotatably set on the elliptical protrusion, changing the contact mode from sliding friction to rolling friction, which significantly reduces energy loss and component wear during the motion process, improves transmission efficiency, and generates less noise than sliding friction. Combined with the rubber extrusion ring 205, it can effectively absorb vibration, allowing the device to operate smoothly in a low-noise state. In addition, the introduction of the rotating roller 204 disperses contact stress, avoids localized severe friction and material fatigue, and significantly extends the service life of the drive unit 2.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 as well as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the extrusion ring 205 is made of rubber, and a circular contact hole is provided on the inner side of the extrusion ring 205. The inner side of the contact hole is in contact with the outer edge of the rotating roller 204. A connecting rod 206 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the extrusion ring 205. The extrusion ring 205 is made of rubber, which gives it good elastic deformation ability and allows it to deform regularly with the extrusion action of the rotating roller 204, smoothly converting the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion. The circular contact hole on the inner side forms a precise line contact fit with the outer edge of the rotating roller 204, reducing the contact area and frictional resistance. The self-lubricating properties of the rubber further reduce wear and extend the service life of the component. Meanwhile, the rubber material has good buffering and vibration absorption properties, which can absorb the impact and vibration during rotation, avoid the noise generated by rigid collisions, and enable the device to operate in a stable state with low noise and low vibration. The outer edge of the extrusion ring 205 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 206, so that the deformation can be directly and efficiently transmitted to the connecting rod 206, reducing energy loss in the intermediate links. In addition, the one-piece rubber molding structure of the extrusion ring 205 is simple and compact, and its elasticity reduces the assembly difficulty and facilitates subsequent replacement and maintenance.

[0027] Please see Figure 2 as well as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a support base 101 is fixedly installed inside the fixed base 1. A circular support hole is provided inside the support base 101. The inner side of the support hole contacts the outer edge of the extrusion ring 205, and limiting grooves that cooperate with the connecting rod 206 are provided on both sides of the support hole. The support base 101 is fixedly installed inside the fixed base 1. Its circular support hole contacts the outer edge of the extrusion ring 205, providing stable radial support for the extrusion ring 205. This allows the extrusion ring 205 to undergo elastic deformation at a predetermined position when subjected to the force of the extrusion shaft 203, without overall displacement or movement, thus ensuring the accuracy and consistency of power transmission. The circular support hole provides circumferential constraint to the extrusion ring 205, ensuring that its deformation direction always follows a predetermined path, enabling the connecting rod 206 to achieve stable linear reciprocating motion. The limiting grooves on both sides of the support hole cooperate with the connecting rod 206 to provide precise guidance for the connecting rod 206, restricting its degree of freedom perpendicular to the direction of movement, preventing swaying or torsion during movement, and ensuring that the connecting rod 206 always pushes the slide block in a straight line, significantly improving the motion accuracy. The support base 101, as a rigid component, provides reliable support for the flexible rubber extrusion ring 205, preventing it from undergoing excessive deformation or fatigue damage during long-term use.

[0028] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the interior of the fixed base 1 is provided with guide grooves that cooperate with the upper limb slide 207 and the lower limb slide 208; The guide groove inside the fixed seat 1 forms a sliding fit with the upper limb slide seat 207 and the lower limb slide seat 208, providing a precise straight trajectory for the movement of the slide seat. This allows the slide seat to reciprocate strictly along a straight line when pushed or pulled by the connecting rod 206, avoiding swaying or deviation. This ensures that the undulating movements of the upper limb rib seat 302 and the lower limb rib seat 303 are precise and consistent, realistically simulating the rhythmic movement of the rib cage.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 , Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the bionic part 3 includes an organ pack 301, an upper limb rib seat 302, a lower limb rib seat 303, an external attachment 304, and a vacuum pump 305. The organ pack 301 is disposed at the upper end of the drive part 2. The upper limb rib seat 302 is inserted and fixed to the corresponding upper limb slide 207, and the lower limb rib seat 303 is inserted and fixed to the corresponding lower limb slide 208. The external attachment 304 is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the fixed base 1, and the upper ends of the upper limb rib seat 302 and the lower limb rib seat 303 are both inside the external attachment 304. The vacuum pump 305 is fixedly disposed inside the fixed base 1. The extraction end of the vacuum pump 305 is connected to the inside of the organ pack 301, and its discharge end is connected to the outside of the fixed base 1. The upper limb rib seat 302 and lower limb rib seat 303 are connected and fixed to the corresponding upper limb slide 207 and lower limb slide 208. The connection and fixing structure of the upper limb rib seat 302 and lower limb rib seat 303 with the upper limb slide 207 and lower limb slide 208 is easy to disassemble and assemble. Different specifications of bionic parts 3 can be quickly replaced without tools, which significantly reduces the maintenance difficulty. The linear reciprocating motion of the drive part 2 is directly converted into the synchronous undulation of the bionic ribs, which accurately simulates the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity during breathing. The organ pack 301 is located at the upper end of the drive unit 2 and is subjected to periodic compression during the movement of the upper limb rib seat 302 and lower limb rib seat 303, simulating the displacement and deformation of internal organs caused by respiration. At the same time, the replaceable design of the organ pack 301, the upper limb rib seat 302 and the lower limb rib seat 303 gives the device good functional expandability and can simulate a variety of clinical scenarios according to teaching needs. The external attachment 304 completely covers the internal skeleton and is shaped into a three-dimensional curved surface that conforms to the anatomical features of the human chest, making the appearance of the device highly realistic and enhancing the realism of teaching. The external attachment 304 is fixedly set on the upper end of the fixed base 1, completely covering the upper end of the rib seat, transforming the internal mechanical movement into visible chest undulations, while hiding the internal structure. The air pump 305 is fixedly installed inside the fixed base 1. Its extraction end is connected to the inside of the fixed base 1 and its discharge end is connected to the outside. When the air pump 305 is working, it can extract the air inside the organ pack 301 to form a negative pressure inside, thereby simulating the negative pressure state of the human chest cavity. When the air pump 305 works in reverse or air is injected into the organ pack 301 through the valve, it can destroy the negative pressure state and simulate pathological conditions such as pneumothorax.

[0030] Through the layered layout of organ package 301, upper limb rib seat 302, lower limb rib seat 303 and external appendage 304, the anatomical structure of the human thoracic cavity is completely reproduced from the inside out, which makes it easier for students to intuitively understand the anatomical layers of the thoracic cavity and the synergistic effect in respiratory movements, and enhances the realism of teaching.

[0031] Please see Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the outer attachment 304 includes a fixing ring 3041 and a simulated chest layer 3042. The fixing ring 3041 is detachably fixed to the upper part of the fixing base 1. The fixing ring 3041 serves as a rigid support structure and is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixing base 1, providing a stable installation base for the entire outer attachment 304. The simulated chest layer 3042 is internally fixedly connected to the fixing ring 3041. The simulated chest layer 3042 serves as a flexible bionic layer and is internally fixedly connected to the fixing ring 3041, responsible for simulating the skin and soft tissue of the human chest. The simulated chest layer 3042 is made of flexible material and has good elastic deformation ability. When the internal upper limb rib seats 302 and lower limb rib seats 303 move up and down, the simulated chest layer 3042 can generate corresponding deformation, converting the internal mechanical movement into visible chest undulation. The 3042 imitation chest layer is made of biomimetic materials such as silicone, and its texture, elasticity and feel are close to real human skin. When trainees perform thoracic surgery nursing operations such as palpation, pressure and puncture, they can obtain tactile feedback similar to that of real human skin, which improves the practical effect of operation training.

[0032] Please see Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the organ package 301 is a replaceable structure, and the organ package 301 is filled with simulated objects that simulate different pathological states. The organ pack 301 adopts a replaceable structure, allowing instructors to quickly replace it with different contents according to teaching progress and course needs. For example, replacing it with an organ pack 301 filled with viscous liquid can simulate pleural effusion or hemothorax, replacing it with one containing hard nodules can simulate lung tumors, and replacing it with a cystic structure with insufficient air can simulate pneumothorax. This covers the simulation teaching of a variety of common thoracic surgical diseases, significantly improving the teaching value and efficiency of the equipment.

[0033] Please see Figures 7 to 10As shown, displacement sensors are installed on both the upper limb slide 207 and the lower limb slide 208. The displacement sensors are used to detect the displacement of the upper limb slide 207 and the lower limb slide 208, transforming the chest wall movement, which could only be observed qualitatively, into quantifiable displacement data—including parameters such as respiratory amplitude, respiratory rate, and respiratory rhythm. This provides objective data support for teaching evaluation. The data detected by the displacement sensors can be transmitted to the controller 4 in real time to form a closed-loop control system, so that the slide movement is precisely maintained within the set range, achieving precise control of respiratory movement.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 As shown, the drive motor 201 is a servo motor. A controller 4 electrically connected to the drive motor 201 is provided on the mounting base 1. The controller 4 is used to adjust the speed and start / stop of the drive motor 201. The controller 4 is electrically connected to the displacement sensor. The servo motor features high-precision positioning and fast response. The controller 4 can precisely adjust the motor speed, so that the reciprocating motion of the slide can continuously adjust the breathing frequency within a large range. It also responds to the feedback signal of the displacement sensor in real time, dynamically adjusts the motor output, and ensures that the sliding displacement is stable at the preset value, thereby achieving independent and precise adjustment of breathing frequency and amplitude. The controller 4 and the displacement sensor form a closed-loop control circuit, which compares the actual displacement with the preset target and adjusts it in real time, so that the bionic thoracic movement always accurately follows the preset parameters. Even if it is subjected to external interference such as the student's operation and pressing, the system can quickly and automatically adjust and restore the predetermined movement state.

[0035] The working principle of this invention is as follows: After the drive motor 201 is started, its output end drives the drive shaft 202 to rotate. The extrusion shaft 203, which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 202, rotates synchronously. The extrusion shaft 203 is generally elliptical, and its elliptical protrusion is provided with a rotatable rotating roller 204. When the extrusion shaft 203 rotates, its elliptical protrusion periodically pushes the extrusion ring 205 sleeved on its outer edge outward. Since the extrusion ring 205 is limited by the circular support hole of the support seat 101, it cannot be displaced as a whole. Therefore, it undergoes elastic deformation under the extrusion action of the rotating roller 204. The rotating roller 204 transforms sliding friction into rolling friction, making the movement smoother. The deformation of the extrusion ring 205 causes the connecting rods 206, which are fixedly connected at both ends, to expand outward. The other ends of the connecting rods 206 are respectively connected to the upper limb slide 207 and the lower limb slide 208, pushing them to slide linearly within the guide groove of the fixed seat 1. When the short shaft of the extrusion shaft 203 rotates to contact the extrusion ring 205, the elastic reset member 209 releases the stored elastic potential energy, pulling the upper limb slide 207 and the lower limb slide 208 back to their original positions. This cycle continues. The movement of the upper limb slide 207 and lower limb slide 208 is transmitted to the upper limb rib seat 302 and lower limb rib seat 303 through a plug-in fixing method, causing the bionic ribs to undulate rhythmically. Since the upper ends of the upper limb rib seat 302 and lower limb rib seat 303 are both located inside the simulated chest layer 3042 of the outer attachment seat 304, their undulating movement is manifested as the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity, while periodically squeezing and relaxing the organ package 301 located at the upper end of the drive part 2, thus realistically simulating the breathing movement of the human body. The elliptical compression shaft 203 and the elastic compression ring 205 work together to produce smooth, continuous and regular reciprocating motion, so that the rhythm of the bionic rib cage realistically simulates the frequency and amplitude of human breathing, providing trainees with an immersive operational training experience.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A teaching device for thoracic surgery nursing operations, characterized in that: It includes a fixed base (1), a driving part (2) is provided inside the fixed base (1), and a bionic part (3) is provided on the upper part of the driving part (2). The drive unit (2) includes a drive motor (201), a drive shaft (202), an extrusion shaft (203), a rotating roller (204), an extrusion ring (205), a connecting rod (206), an upper limb slide (207), a lower limb slide (208), and an elastic reset member (209). The drive motor (201) is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed base (1). One end of the drive shaft (202) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (201). The extrusion shaft (203) is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the drive shaft (202). The rotating roller (204) is rotatably disposed inside the extrusion shaft (203). The extrusion ring (205) is sleeved on the outer edge of the extrusion shaft (203). The outer edge of the rotating roller (204) is in contact with the extrusion ring (205). The connecting rod (206) is fixedly connected to both ends of the extrusion ring (205). The upper limb slide (207) is slidably disposed inside the fixed seat (1), and the upper limb slide (207) is rotatably connected to the other end of the corresponding connecting rod (206). The lower limb slide (208) is slidably disposed inside the fixed seat (1), and the lower limb slide (208) is fixedly connected to the other end of the corresponding connecting rod (206). Multiple elastic reset members (209) are provided, and multiple elastic reset members (209) are disposed between the upper limb slide (207), the lower limb slide (208), and the fixed seat (1).

2. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion shaft (203) is elliptical in shape, and the rotating roller (204) is rotatably disposed on the elliptical protrusion of the extrusion shaft (203).

3. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion ring (205) is made of rubber, and a circular contact hole is provided on the inner side of the extrusion ring (205). The inner side of the contact hole is in contact with the outer edge of the rotating roller (204). A connecting rod (206) is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the extrusion ring (205).

4. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base (1) is fixedly provided with a support base (101). The support base (101) is provided with a circular support hole. The inner side of the support hole is in contact with the outer edge of the extrusion ring (205). The two sides of the support hole are provided with limiting grooves that cooperate with the connecting rod (206).

5. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed seat (1) has a guide groove inside that cooperates with the upper limb slide (207) and the lower limb slide (208).

6. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic part (3) includes an organ pack (301), an upper limb rib seat (302), a lower limb rib seat (303), an external attachment (304), and a vacuum pump (305). The organ pack (301) is located at the upper end of the drive part (2). The upper limb rib seat (302) is inserted and fixed to the corresponding upper limb slide (207). The lower limb rib seat (303) is inserted and fixed to the corresponding lower limb slide (208). The external attachment (304) is fixedly located at the upper end of the fixed seat (1). The upper ends of the upper limb rib seat (302) and the lower limb rib seat (303) are both located inside the external attachment (304). The vacuum pump (305) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed seat (1). The extraction end of the vacuum pump (305) is connected to the inside of the organ pack (301), and its discharge end is connected to the outside of the fixed seat (1).

7. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer attachment (304) includes a fixing ring (3041) and a simulated chest layer (3042). The fixing ring (3041) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixing seat (1), and the simulated chest layer (3042) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing ring (3041).

8. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The organ package (301) is a replaceable structure, and the organ package (301) is filled with simulated substances that simulate different pathological states.

9. The thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Displacement sensors are provided on both the upper limb slide (207) and the lower limb slide (208), and the displacement sensors are used to detect the displacement of the upper limb slide (207) and the lower limb slide (208).

10. A thoracic surgery nursing operation teaching device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The drive motor (201) is a servo motor. The fixed base (1) is provided with a controller (4) electrically connected to the drive motor (201). The controller (4) is used to adjust the speed and start / stop of the drive motor (201). The controller (4) is electrically connected to the displacement sensor.

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