Helium-filled enclosure within bulb

Abstract

The present invention provides a light generating system comprising one or more first light generating devices, one or more second light generating devices, and a light-transmissive housing wherein: (A) the light-transmissive housing comprises a light-transmissive material; wherein the light transmissive housing defines a housing volume; wherein the light transmissive enclosure further comprises a thermally conductive gas wherein the thermally conductive gas comprises one or more of (i) a percentage of at least 1% He, (ii) a percentage of at least 1% H2, and (iii) Ne; (B) one or more first light generating devices are disposed within the housing volume; wherein the one or more first light generating devices are configured to generate first device light having an intensity at one or more wavelengths within the visible wavelength range; wherein the one or more first light generating devices comprise one or more first LED lamp filaments; wherein the one or more first LED filaments comprise a first solid state light source and a first luminescent material, the first solid state light source is configured to generate first solid state light source light, and the first luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the first solid state light source light into first luminescent material light; wherein the first device light comprises at least a portion of the first luminescent material light; (C) one or more second light generating devices are disposed outside the housing volume; wherein the one or more second light generating devices comprise one or more second LED filaments; wherein the one or more second light generating devices are configured to generate second device light having an intensity at one or more wavelengths within the visible wavelength range; and (D) the light generating system (a) is configured to generate system light comprising one or more of (i) at least a portion of the first device light and (ii) at least a portion of the second device light, and (b) is configured such that in a first mode of operation of the light generating system, the system light is white light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a light generating system. It also relates to a lighting device including such a light generating system. Background Technology

[0002] Light-generating systems including a light-transmitting housing are known in the art. For example, US20190101248 describes a lamp comprising a substantially transparent housing tube, a first end cap at a first end of the housing tube, and a second end cap at a second end of the housing tube. The end caps include contacts for electrical contact with a power source. An LED filament is disposed within the housing tube between the first and second end caps. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Lighting devices that are particularly efficient and / or produce desired optical effects are desirable. Some known systems may be complex to manufacture, suffer from low lumen efficiency per watt, and / or may fail to provide the desired optical effects. Furthermore, lighting devices with tunable spectral power distribution are desirable. However, prior art systems may not provide one or more of these technical features. Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an alternative light-generating system that preferably also at least partially eliminates one or more of the aforementioned disadvantages. The object of the present invention is to overcome or improve at least one disadvantage of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.

[0004] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a light generating system comprising one or more first light generating devices, one or more second light generating devices, and a light-transmitting housing. In embodiments, the light-transmitting housing (“first housing” or “first light-transmitting housing”) may comprise a light-transmitting material. Furthermore, the light-transmitting housing may define a housing volume (“first housing volume”). In embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may also comprise a thermally conductive gas. Specifically, in embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may comprise He, particularly at least 10% He. Additionally or alternatively, the thermally conductive gas may comprise H2, particularly at a percentage of at least 1%. Furthermore, in embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may comprise Ne, particularly at a percentage of at least 1%. In embodiments, the one or more first light generating devices may be (at least partially) disposed within the housing volume. Additionally, the one or more first light generating devices may be configured to generate first device light having an intensity at one or more wavelengths in the visible wavelength range. Furthermore, the one or more first light generating devices may comprise one or more first LED filaments. In such embodiments, the one or more first LED filaments may comprise (a plurality of) first solid-state light sources and first light-emitting materials. The first solid-state light sources may in particular be configured to generate first solid-state light source light. Furthermore, the first light-emitting material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the first solid-state light source into light emitting from the first light-emitting material. In an embodiment, the first device light may include at least a portion of the light emitting from the first light-emitting material. In an embodiment, the one or more second light-generating devices may be (at least partially) disposed outside the housing volume (i.e., the housing volume may not include the one or more second light-generating devices). Specifically, in an embodiment, the one or more second light-generating devices may include one or more second LED filaments. In an embodiment, the one or more second light-generating devices may be configured to generate second device light having an intensity at one or more wavelengths in the visible wavelength range. In an embodiment, the light generation system may be configured to generate system light including at least a portion of the first device light. Additionally or alternatively, the light generation system may be configured to generate system light including at least a portion of the second device light. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the light generation system may be configured such that in a first operating mode of the light generation system, the system light is white light.

[0005] Therefore, in a particular embodiment, the present invention provides a light generating system comprising one or more first light generating devices, one or more second light generating devices, and a light-transmitting housing, wherein: (A) the light-transmitting housing comprises a light-transmitting material; wherein the light-transmitting housing defines a housing volume; wherein the light-transmitting housing further comprises a thermally conductive gas, wherein the thermally conductive gas comprises one or more of the following: (i) at least 1% He, (ii) at least 1% H2, and (iii) at least 1% Ne; (B) one or more first light generating devices are disposed within the housing volume; wherein the one or more first light generating devices are configured to generate first device light having an intensity at one or more wavelengths within the visible wavelength range; wherein the one or more first light generating devices comprise one or more first LED filaments; wherein the one or more first LED filaments comprise a first A solid-state light source and a first luminescent material, wherein the first solid-state light source is configured to generate first solid-state light source light, and wherein the first luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the first solid-state light source light into first luminescent material light; wherein the first device light includes at least a portion of the first luminescent material light; (C) one or more second light generating devices are disposed outside the housing volume; wherein the one or more second light generating devices include one or more second LED filaments; wherein the one or more second light generating devices are configured to generate second device light having an intensity at one or more wavelengths within the visible wavelength range; and (D) a light generating system (a) configured to generate system light including one or more of the following: (i) at least a portion of the first device light and (ii) at least a portion of the second device light, and (b) configured such that in a first operating mode of the light generating system, the system light is white light.

[0006] A light-generating system including such a light-transmitting housing can provide improved thermal management for at least one or more first light-generating devices disposed within the housing volume. Therefore, the temperature of one or more first light-generating devices can be reduced, thereby extending their lifespan and / or improving lumen output. Furthermore, disposing one or more first light-generating devices within the housing volume and disposing one or more second light-generating devices outside the housing volume can reduce optical crosstalk between the first and second light-generating devices (see below). Moreover, a light-generating system including one or more first light-generating devices and one or more second light-generating devices facilitates the adjustment of one or more of the spectral power distribution, light intensity, and correlated color temperature of the system light. In particular, a light-generating system including one or more first light-generating devices and one or more second light-generating devices can promote the generation of colored light, especially colored light in the RGB color space.

[0007] In embodiments, the light-generating system may therefore include a light-transmitting housing. The light-transmitting housing may include a light-transmitting material, wherein the light-transmitting material is particularly capable of transmitting one or more of the first device light and the second device light, such as transmitting at least the first device light. In embodiments, the light-transmitting material may be selected from the group consisting of glass and (optically translucent and / or transparent) polymer materials. In this document, the terms "optically transparent" material and "light-transmitting material" can refer to materials that are transmissive for one or more wavelengths selected from the 190-1500 nm range, for example, from the 200-1000 nm range, particularly from the 380-780 nm range. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-transmitting material may be configured to transmit ≥80%, for example, ≥90%, particularly ≥95%, including 100%, of the first device light incident perpendicularly to the light-transmitting material. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-transmitting material may be configured to transmit ≥80%, for example, ≥90%, particularly ≥95%, including 100%, of the second device light incident perpendicularly to the light-transmitting material. More specifically, in embodiments, such a (first) light-transmitting housing (i.e., without considering optional filters (see below)) may be transparent to the light from the first device. Furthermore, in embodiments, such a (first) light-transmitting housing (i.e., without considering optional filters) may also be transparent to the light from the second device.

[0008] The light-transmitting housing may include an elongation axis, a housing length L1 defined parallel to the elongation axis, and a housing width W1 perpendicular to the elongation axis. In embodiments, the housing length L1 may be selected from the range of 2-15.5 cm, for example, the range of 2.5-12.5 cm, particularly the range of 3-10 cm. Furthermore, in embodiments, the housing width W1 may be selected from the range of 1-12.5 cm, for example, the range of 2-10 cm, particularly the range of 2.5-8 cm. However, other values ​​are also possible. In embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may have a substantially circular cross-section (perpendicular to the elongation axis). Here, the term "substantially" is used because in some embodiments, there may be relatively small adjustments to the outer surface, which are relatively small compared to the diameter. Alternatively, the light-transmitting housing may have a substantially n-sided cross-section (perpendicular to the elongation axis), where n ≥ 2, for example, n ≥ 6, particularly n ≥ 8. When n = 2, the outer surface may be curved; when n is 3 or greater, the outer surface may be curved or (substantially) planar. In embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may have an n-sided cross-section, where n ≥ 12, for example, n ≥ 24. In embodiments, n may be selected from the range of 2-48, for example, 4-36. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may have a tubular (or "cylindrical") shape. Thus, the light-transmitting housing may be a tubular housing or a cylindrical housing. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may have a conical or pyramidal shape, i.e., the light-transmitting housing may have a taper (some) on at least a portion of its elongation axis.

[0009] Specifically, the light-transmitting shell can be hollow, i.e., the light-transmitting material can be specifically configured as a wall surrounding the shell volume. Furthermore, the light-transmitting shell, particularly the light-transmitting material, can include an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface can be configured to face the shell volume (and one or more first light-generating devices), and wherein the outer surface can be configured to face away from the light-transmitting shell (towards one or more second light-generating devices). In embodiments, the light-transmitting shell, particularly the inner surface, can define the shell volume. In a particular embodiment, the light-transmitting shell can include a first equivalent spherical diameter D1. In embodiments, the first equivalent spherical diameter D1 can be selected from the range of 1-15 cm, for example, the range of 1.5-12 cm, such as at least about 2 cm, particularly the range of 4-10 cm. The equivalent spherical diameter (or ESD) of a (irregularly shaped) three-dimensional object is the diameter of a sphere of equivalent volume. For example, the equivalent spherical diameter (ESD) of a cube with side a is 2. a For a sphere, the diameter D is the same as the equivalent spherical diameter D. If a sphere with diameter D in the xyz coordinate system is deformed into any other shape (in the xyz plane) without changing its volume, then the equivalent spherical diameter of that shape is D.

[0010] In embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may contain a thermally conductive gas, particularly within the housing volume. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may be sealed such that the thermally conductive gas does not escape from the light-transmitting housing (“hermetic”). In embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may be configured to have thermal contact with one or more first light-generating devices. Furthermore, in embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive gas (at 22°C and 1 bar pressure) may be selected from… The range, for example The scope, especially The range. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting gas (at 22°C and 1 bar pressure) can be selected from... The scope, such as The scope, especially The range.

[0011] Furthermore, in embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may include helium (He). Specifically, the thermally conductive gas may include at least 5%, for example, at least 10%, particularly at least 25%, and more particularly at least 35% He. Furthermore, in embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may include at least 60%, for example, at least 70%, and particularly at least 75% of helium. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the thermally conductive gas may include at least 60% of He. Furthermore, in embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may be (substantially) composed of He, i.e., the thermally conductive gas may include at least 90%, for example, at least 95%, and particularly at least 99%, comprising 100% He. Helium can have a relatively high thermal conductivity. Therefore, a thermally conductive gas including helium can provide heat dissipation, thereby improving thermal management in the light generation system, particularly within the housing volume. Improved thermal management can reduce the temperature of one or more (first) light generation devices disposed within the housing volume during operation of the light generation system. Therefore, the lifetime of one or more (first) light generation devices can be extended. Furthermore, in embodiments, improved thermal management facilitates operation of the one or more (first) light generation devices at higher currents without overheating the (first) light generation devices.

[0012] In embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may include hydrogen (H2). Hydrogen may have a higher thermal conductivity than helium. In embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may include at least 1%, for example at least 10%, particularly at least 25%, and more particularly at least 35% H2. In embodiments, hydrogen may be more reactive than helium. Therefore, in embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may include up to 70%, for example at most 60%, and particularly at most 50% H2. In embodiments where the thermally conductive gas includes H2, the remainder of the thermally conductive gas may particularly include inert gases, such as rare gases (e.g., helium) and / or nitrogen. In particular, the remaining thermally conductive gas may contain up to 15% oxygen, for example at most 10%, and particularly at most 5%. Including H2 and rare gases such as helium in the thermally conductive gas can increase the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive gas. Therefore, in embodiments, the thermally conductive gas may include one or more of helium and hydrogen, such as helium, or hydrogen, or helium and hydrogen. In embodiments where less than 1% H2 is available, the O2 content can be at least about 5%.

[0013] Furthermore, in embodiments, the heat-conducting gas may include neon (Ne). Specifically, the heat-conducting gas may include at least 1%, for example at least 5%, for example at least 10%, particularly at least 25%, and more particularly at least 35% of Ne. Furthermore, in embodiments, the heat-conducting gas may include up to 70%, for example at most 60%, and particularly at most 50% of Ne. In embodiments, the heat-conducting gas may include Ne in combination with (a) helium, (b) hydrogen, or (c) helium and hydrogen.

[0014] Therefore, in certain embodiments, the heat-conducting gas may include one or more of He, H2, and Ne, in which case the total amount is particularly at least about 5%, more particularly at least about 10%, for example at least about 25%.

[0015] In embodiments, a thermally conductive liquid may be used instead of a thermally conductive gas or in addition to a thermally conductive gas. In such embodiments, the thermally conductive liquid may be (substantially) non-conductive. Furthermore, in particular, the thermally conductive liquid is inert to the first light-generating device. Therefore, in embodiments, the liquid may be substantially free of water. However, the thermally conductive liquid may be (light) transmissive, for example, especially transmissive to light in the visible wavelength range (380-780 nm), and more particularly transparent to visible light. Therefore, in certain embodiments, the free space in the first housing volume may be filled with liquid. Thus, in embodiments, the first housing volume may be filled with liquid that contacts one or more first light-generating devices also available in the first housing volume. Suitable thermally conductive liquids may include one or more of glycerol and silicone oil. However, other thermally conductive liquids are also possible. In embodiments, the liquid may include a fluorocarbon compound.

[0016] In an embodiment, when the light-generating system is disconnected, the heat-conducting gas can have a first pressure P1 (at a temperature of 22°C) within the housing volume. In this embodiment, the first pressure P1 can be selected from the range of 1-10 bar, for example, 1.25-8 bar, particularly 1.5-5 bar. Compared to the same gas at a pressure of 1 bar, such a first pressure P1 can provide an increased thermal conductivity for the heat-conducting gas.

[0017] In embodiments, the light-transmitting housing may at least partially surround one or more light-generating devices, such as, in particular, one or more first light-generating devices. Specifically, in embodiments, one or more first light-generating devices may be configured within the housing volume.

[0018] The (first) light-transmitting housing can form an airtight seal with the support member (i.e., particularly substantially watertight, and even more particularly substantially airtight) and thus protect the light-generating device from the ingress of dust, dirt, and contaminants. For example, in one embodiment, the first light-transmitting housing, together with the support member, can provide a (first) housing volume with an IP44 or higher classification. However, other embodiments are also possible.

[0019] Therefore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include one or more first light generating devices. Specifically, in embodiments, the light generating system may include 1-20 first light generating devices, such as 2-15 first light generating devices, particularly 3-10 first light generating devices. In embodiments, the one or more first light generating devices may be configured to generate first device light. Furthermore, the one or more first light generating devices may include one or more first LED filaments. In a particular embodiment, each of the one or more first light generating devices may include one first LED filament. Therefore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include 1-20, such as 2-15, particularly 3-10 first LED filaments. In embodiments, the one or more first LED filaments may be configured to generate first device light.

[0020] Such LED filaments are known and described, for example, in US8,400,051B2, WO2020016058, WO2019197394, etc., which are incorporated herein by reference. Typically, an LED filament may include (i) a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) arranged on an elongated carrier (at least a first main surface), and (ii) an elongated package covering at least a portion of the plurality of LEDs and the elongated carrier. In particular, the package may substantially cover the entire elongated carrier. In embodiments, the LED filament may consist of a filament length L F filament width W F and filament thickness T F Limited. Furthermore, LED filaments can have a relatively high aspect ratio (L). F / W F or L F / T F A large aspect ratio, such as at least 10, particularly at least 15, for example at least 20, and more particularly at least 50, can better mimic a filament. However, in the embodiments, the aspect ratio (L) is... F / W F and / or L F / T F The number can be up to 200, for example up to 150, and particularly up to 100. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, ,and In some embodiments, the LED filament may be straight. In other embodiments, the LED filament may be curved. For example, the filament may have a (2D or 3D) helical shape, a spiral shape, or other curved shapes.

[0021] Furthermore, as shown in the figure, the LED filament may include an elongated carrier, a solid-state light source, and an encapsulation. Specifically, the elongated carrier may support the solid-state light source. The elongated carrier may, for example, include glass, quartz, metal, or sapphire. In other embodiments, the elongated carrier may, for example, include a polymeric material or a (flexible) metal, such as a film or foil. The elongated carrier may be rigid (self-supporting), but (in polymeric embodiments) may also be flexible. In embodiments, the elongated carrier may be light-transmitting, translucent, or transparent to light, particularly visible light. Alternatively, in embodiments, the carrier may be light-reflective, particularly to one or more of the light source light and LED filament light (see below), such as reflecting at least the light source light and LED filament light. In certain embodiments, the carrier may be diffusely reflective. In embodiments, the elongated carrier may (substantially) define the filament length L of the LED filament. F Furthermore, in embodiments, the (elongated) carrier may include a first main surface on a first side of the carrier and a second main surface on a second side of the carrier opposite to the first side. In embodiments, a solid-state light source may be disposed on at least one of these surfaces. Therefore, in embodiments, at least a portion, such as all, of the solid-state light source may be mounted on the first main surface. Additionally or alternatively, at least a portion of the solid-state light source may be mounted on the second main surface. Therefore, in embodiments, the solid-state light source may be disposed, mounted, and / or mechanically coupled to the carrier, wherein the carrier may be specifically configured to mechanically and / or electrically support the LED.

[0022] In embodiments, the solid-state light source may include an LED. Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, the solid-state light source may include a diode laser. Furthermore, the LED filament may include one or more of LEDs, laser diodes, and superluminescent diodes. In particular, the LED filament includes a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The solid-state light sources may be arranged in an array (on an elongated carrier), especially at filament lengths L. F (At least a portion of) the solid-state light source in the array. The number of solid-state light sources in the array can be at least 4, for example at least 8, and particularly at least 12. In particular, in embodiments, the number of solid-state light sources in the array can be selected from the range of 10-1000, for example, the range of 10-200. In embodiments, the solid-state light sources can be at least a portion of the filament length L. F The upper part is configured as a 1D (linear) array. When measured along the LED filament, the first and last solid-state light sources can have at least 0.5 L F Even more specifically, at least 0.7 L FThe mutual distance. Furthermore, in embodiments, the solid-state light source can be configured as two 1D arrays, one on a first main surface of the elongated carrier and one on a second main surface. A 2D array of m solid-state light sources is also possible. In embodiments, n can be selected from the range of 1-4, such as the range of 1-3, or the range of 1-2, and m can be selected from the range of >n, such as the range of ≥4 (when n<4), or the range of ≥6, or the range of ≥8. Therefore, the number of rows (n) of the 2D array of solid-state light sources can be significantly less than the number of solid-state light sources in the corresponding rows (m), for example, n / m≤0.2, like n / m≤0.1, and especially n / m≤0.05.

[0023] In an embodiment, the LED filament may include an encapsulation. The encapsulation may specifically (at least partially) cover multiple solid-state light sources, for example, ≥50%, such as ≥75%, particularly ≥95%, including 100%, of the total number of solid-state light sources in the array in the embodiment. Furthermore, the encapsulation may (at least partially) cover at least a portion of the elongated carrier, such as a portion of at least one of the first and second main surfaces. Typically, the encapsulation may contact the elongated carrier and may cover all solid-state light sources. Therefore, in an embodiment, the encapsulation may be configured at the filament length L of the LED filament. F On most of it (e.g., more than 70% of the filament length L) F The encapsulation can be along the filament length L. F A continuous coating.

[0024] In embodiments, the encapsulation may include one or more of a luminescent material and a light-scattering material. One or more of the luminescent material and the light-scattering material may be specifically configured to be embedded within the encapsulation material, such as a (flexible) polymer material (e.g., silicone). In embodiments, the luminescent material may be configured to convert at least a portion (e.g., all) of the light source light (generated by a solid-state light source) into luminescent material light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-scattering material may be configured to scatter (or “diffuse”) the light source light, particularly in directions transverse to the normals of the (first and / or second) main surfaces. In certain embodiments, the light-scattering material may include light-scattering particles, such as, for example, at least one of BaSO4, Al2O3, and TiO2 particles.

[0025] In embodiments, the LED filament can be configured to generate filament light, which may include one or more of (scattered) light from a light source and light from a luminescent material. The term "LED filament light" may refer to the light emitted by the LED filament during operation. Furthermore, the solid-state light source included in the LED filament can be configured to generate light from a light source. In embodiments, at least two (e.g., all) solid-state light sources can be configured to emit light from a light source with different spectral power distributions. In other embodiments, at least two (e.g., all) of the solid-state light sources can be configured to provide light from a light source having substantially the same spectral power distribution. In embodiments, the filament light may include light from a light source, or may even consist substantially of (scattered) light from a light source. However, in embodiments where the encapsulation may include a luminescent material, the filament light may include light from a luminescent material, or may even consist substantially of light from a luminescent material. Furthermore, in embodiments, the filament light may include at least a portion of light from a luminescent material and (unconverted and / or scattered) light from a light source.

[0026] In embodiments, one or more first LED filaments may be configured to generate first LED filament light. In embodiments, the first device light may include first LED filament light, for example, consisting (substantially) of first LED filament light. Furthermore, in embodiments, one or more first LED filaments may be configured to provide first LED filament light with a desired spectral light distribution, for example, white light having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-8000K. In such embodiments, the first filament light may include first luminescent material light and optionally transmitted (first) light source light. Furthermore, the first LED filament light may include at least visible light. Here, the terms "visible," "visible light," or "visible emission" and similar terms refer to light having one or more wavelengths in the range of about 380-780 nm. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first LED filament light may include at least white light. In particular, the first filament light may be relatively warm (white) light, for example, selected from the range of 1500-8000K, particularly selected from 1500-6500K, and most particularly selected from the range of 1800-6000K.

[0027] In an embodiment, one or more first LED filaments (each) may include a plurality of first solid-state light sources configured to generate first solid-state light. In an embodiment, the first solid-state light may have a centroid wavelength in the blue wavelength range; that is, the first solid-state light source may be configured to generate blue first solid-state light (during operation). Furthermore, in an embodiment, the first solid-state light may have a centroid wavelength selected from the range of 200-490 nm, for example, from the range of 400-490 nm, and particularly from the range of 440-490 nm. The term "centroid wavelength" also refers to... , as is known in the art, refers to a wavelength value in which half of the light energy is at a shorter wavelength and half at a longer wavelength; this value is expressed in nanometers (nm). It is the wavelength at which the integral of the spectral power distribution is divided into two equal parts, as shown in the formula. The sum represents the wavelength range of interest. It is the spectral energy density (i.e., the integral of the product of wavelength and intensity over the emission band, normalized to the integral intensity). The centroid wavelength can be determined, for example, under operating conditions.

[0028] In embodiments, one or more first LED filaments (especially a first package) may include a first luminescent material. The first luminescent material may include luminescent materials selected from the group consisting of: oxide-based luminescent materials including divalent europium, nitride-based luminescent materials including divalent europium, garnet-based luminescent materials including trivalent cerium, and hexafluoride-based luminescent materials including tetravalent manganese (see below). In embodiments, a first luminescent material comprising one or more of the above types of luminescent materials may be particularly advantageous in producing first luminescent material light (when illuminated with blue first solid-state light source light) having an intensity at one or more wavelengths in the visible wavelength range, such as green, yellow, orange, and red first luminescent material light. In embodiments, mixing a portion of the blue first solid-state light source light into such first luminescent material light can provide white first device light. Therefore, in certain embodiments, one or more first LED filaments may be configured to produce white first device light.

[0029] The term "white light" and similar terms used herein are known to those skilled in the art. For general lighting, particularly in the range of approximately 2000-7000K, such as in the range of 2700-6500K, it may particularly relate to light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between approximately 1800K and 20000K, such as between 2000 and 20000K, particularly between 2700-20000K. In embodiments, the correlated color temperature (CCT) is particularly within approximately 15 SDCM (standard deviation of color matching) from the blackbody track (BBL), such as within approximately 10 SDCM from the BBL, particularly within approximately 5 SDCM from the BBL.

[0030] The term "luminescent material" specifically refers to a material that can convert one or more of a first radiation, particularly UV radiation and blue radiation, into a second radiation. Typically, the first and second radiations have different spectral power distributions, with the second radiation generally having a spectral power distribution at wavelengths greater than the first radiation (i.e., "down-conversion"). Therefore, when excited by radiation, the luminescent material can emit radiation. In embodiments, the term "luminescence" may refer to one or more of phosphorescence and fluorescence. Instead of the term "luminescence," the terms "luminescent material light" or "emission" may also be used. Therefore, the terms "first radiation" and "second radiation" may refer to excitation radiation and emission (radiation), respectively. The term "luminescent material" can also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials. Therefore, the term "luminescent material" may also refer to a luminescent material composition in certain embodiments. Examples of possible luminescent materials are shown below. The term "phosphorus" may also be used instead of the term "luminescent material." These terms are known to those skilled in the art.

[0031] In embodiments, the luminescent material may be selected from garnet and nitrides, particularly those doped with trivalent cerium or divalent europium, respectively. The term "nitride" may also refer to nitrogen oxides or nitrogen silicates, etc. Alternatively or additionally, the luminescent material may be selected from silicates, particularly silicates doped with divalent europium. In embodiments, the luminescent material may include oxynitride luminescent materials containing divalent europium. Furthermore, in embodiments, the luminescent material may include nitride luminescent materials containing divalent europium.

[0032] In a particular embodiment, the (first) luminescent material may (at least) include a garnet-type luminescent material containing trivalent cerium, i.e. The light-emitting material comprises a type A, wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and wherein B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc; and wherein the solid-state light source can include blue solid-state light source. Specifically, A can include one or more of Y, Gd, and Lu, particularly one or more of Y and Lu. Specifically, B can include one or more of Al and Ga, more particularly at least Al, for example, substantially entirely Al. Therefore, cerium-containing garnet materials are particularly suitable light-emitting materials. Furthermore, in the embodiments, Garnets of this type can be doped with cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), or a combination of cerium and praseodymium; however, Ce doping is particularly common. In certain embodiments, the garnet luminescent material comprises... Where x is equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1. The term ":Ce" indicates that a portion of the metal ions in the luminescent material (i.e., in garnet: a portion of the "A" ions) are replaced by Ce. For example, in In this case, a portion of Y and / or Lu is replaced by Ce. This is known to those skilled in the art. Ce will generally replace no more than 10% of A; typically, the Ce concentration (relative to A) is 0.1-4%, particularly 0.1-2%. Ce in garnet is essentially or only in the trivalent state, as is known to those skilled in the art. In embodiments, such luminescent materials can have a suitable spectral distribution, relatively high efficiency, relatively high thermal stability, and allow for high CRI (optionally combined with light from other light sources as described herein). In certain embodiments, the (first) luminescent material may comprise only luminescent materials selected from garnet types including cerium.

[0033] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the luminescent material may include The luminescent material is of the type wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, for example, one or more of La and Y in the embodiments. In the embodiments, the luminescent material may alternatively or additionally include MS:Eu. 2+ and / or and / or and / or One or more of the following, wherein M includes one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca, particularly at least Sr in the embodiments. Therefore, in the embodiments, the luminescent material may include selected from... and One or more materials comprising the group. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is substantially or solely divalent and substitutes for one or more of the divalent cations shown, as is known to those skilled in the art. Typically, Eu will not be present in an amount greater than 10% of the cation; its presence relative to the substituted cation will be particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 10%, more particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 5%. The term "luminescent material" as used herein refers particularly to inorganic luminescent materials. Alternatively or additionally, other luminescent materials may also be applied. For example, quantum dots and / or organic dyes may be applied and optionally embedded in a transmissive (encapsulation) matrix, such as polymers like PMMA or polysiloxanes.

[0034] In the embodiments, (first) the luminescent material may include a hexafluoride-type luminescent material containing tetravalent manganese, that is, a material doped with tetravalent manganese. A type of luminescent material, wherein M' comprises one or more alkaline earth cations, M comprises one or more basic cations, x can be selected from the range of 0-1, A comprises one or more tetravalent cations, such as one or more of silicon and titanium, and X comprises one or more monovalent anions, including at least fluorine. Doped with tetravalent manganese... The type of luminescent material is particularly described in WO2013121355A1, which is incorporated herein by reference. The paragraph from WO2013121355A1 is also reproduced herein. The relevant alkaline earth cations (M') are magnesium (Mg), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), and barium (Ba), particularly one or more of Sr and Ba. The relevant basic cations (M) are sodium (Na), potassium (K), and rubidium (Rb). Alternatively, ammonium (NH4) may also be used. + M comprises potassium, lithium (Li), and / or cesium (Cs). In a preferred embodiment, M comprises at least potassium. In yet another embodiment, M comprises at least rubidium. In yet another preferred embodiment, M comprises at least potassium and rubidium.

[0035] The term "tetravalent manganese" refers to Mn 4+ In the formula described above, a portion of the tetravalent cation A (such as Si) is replaced by manganese. Therefore, doping with tetravalent manganese... It can also be expressed as The molar percentage of manganese, i.e., the percentage by which it substitutes for the tetravalent cation A, is typically 0.1-15%, particularly 1-12%, i.e., m is 0.001-0.15, particularly 0.01-0.12. Because manganese substitutes for a portion of the host lattice ions and has specific functions, it is also referred to as a "dopant." Therefore, hexafluorosilicates are doped with manganese (Mn). 4+ ).

[0036] In embodiments, A may include one or more of silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn). Preferably, at least 80%, even more preferably at least 90%, for example, at least 95% of A is composed of silicon. Furthermore, in embodiments, X may include one or more of fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I), for example, at least F. Preferably, at least 80%, even more preferably at least 90%, for example, 95% of X is composed of fluorine. In particular, X is substantially composed of F (fluorine).

[0037] In one embodiment, include In another preferred embodiment, include In a specific embodiment, the instruction is... It can refer to one or more of the following: and Such as , and One or more of Si and Ti. From the above, it can be concluded that "(Si, Ti)" can represent one or more of Si and Ti. It can also be coated with luminescent materials, as described in WO2013121355A1.

[0038] In embodiments, the first light-emitting material may include one or more types of light-emitting materials. Therefore, in embodiments, each of the one or more first LED filaments may include one or more light-emitting materials, such as those selected from the group consisting of: oxynitride-type light-emitting materials including divalent europium, nitride-type light-emitting materials including divalent europium, garnet-type light-emitting materials including trivalent cerium, and hexafluoride-type light-emitting materials including tetravalent manganese. This configuration of one or more light-emitting materials can facilitate the generation of first device light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) selected from the range of 1500-8000 K. Therefore, in embodiments, the first device light may have a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-8000 K, for example, the range of 1500-6500 K, particularly the range of 1800-6500 K. Specifically, in embodiments, one or more first LED filaments may be configured to generate first device light having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-6500 K. Such a correlated color temperature range can be advantageous because the same (type) of first LED filament can be used to provide light with either a "warm" or "cool" temperature. Furthermore, this configuration facilitates the generation of first device light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 70. In embodiments, the first device light can therefore have a CRI of at least 70, for example at least 80, and particularly at least 85. The terms "correlated color temperature" and "color rendering index" are known to those skilled in the art.

[0039] In an embodiment, all filaments in one or more first LED filaments can provide light with the same correlated color temperature. Alternatively, each of the one or more first LED filaments, or a subset thereof, can provide light with different correlated color temperatures. Therefore, in an embodiment, the light generating system, particularly one or more first light generating devices, can include at least two different types of first LED filaments. Specifically, the light generating system can include at least two, for example, at least three, and particularly at least four different types of first LED filaments. Furthermore, the light generating system can include up to six, for example, up to five, and particularly up to four different types of first LED filaments. In an embodiment, the first of the at least two different types of first LED filaments can be configured to generate first device light with a correlated color temperature T1 selected from the range of 1750-8000K, for example, the range of 2000-8000K, and particularly the range of 2250-8000K. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second of at least two different types of first LED filaments can be configured to produce first device light having a correlated color temperature T2 selected from the range of 1500-7000K, for example, the range of 1500-6500K, particularly the range of 1500-6000K. Therefore, in embodiments, at least two different types of first LED filaments can be configured to produce first device light having correlated color temperatures differing by at least 250K, for example, at least 500K, particularly at least 1000K. Furthermore, in embodiments, at least two different types of first LED filaments can be configured to produce first device light having correlated color temperatures differing by up to 5000K, for example, up to 4500K, particularly up to 4000K. In certain embodiments, the light generation system can therefore include at least two different types of first LED filaments configured to produce first device light having correlated color temperatures differing by at least 500K. Such a system can facilitate the adjustment of the correlated color temperature of the (combined) first device light by changing the relative intensity of the first device light generated by the first of at least two different types of first LED filaments and the second of at least two different types of first LED filaments, respectively. In particular, the correlated color temperature of the first device light can be adjusted during operation of the light generation system, for example when the system is in a first operating mode.

[0040] In the foregoing, the first light-generating device has been described in particular with reference to an LED filament embodiment. However, one or more first light-generating devices may include one or more first light-emitting diode (LED) filaments, or one or more phosphor-coated LEDs, or one or more (phosphor-coated) COBs, or a combination of two or more of LED filaments, (phosphor-coated) phosphor-coated LEDs, and COBs. Therefore, embodiments of the light source and light-emitting material may also relate to phosphor-coated LEDs or (phosphor-coated) COBs.

[0041] In an embodiment, the light generating system can be configured to generate system light comprising a first device light in a first operating mode. Therefore, in an embodiment, the system light can be white light. Additionally, in an embodiment, the system light can have a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 70. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the system light can have a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-8000K, for example, the range of 1500-6500K, particularly the range of 1800-6500K. In a particular embodiment, the light generating system can be configured to generate system light with a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-6500K in the first operating mode of the light generating system. In an embodiment, the system light can have a CRI of at least 80, particularly at least 85. Furthermore, the light generating system can be configured to adjust the correlated color temperature of the system light in the first operating mode. Specifically, in an embodiment, the light generating system can be configured to adjust the correlated color temperature of the system light by changing the correlated color temperature of the first device light (as described above). For example, the intensity of the first device light produced by the second of at least two different types of first LED filaments can be (substantially) 0 (i.e., the second of at least two different types of first LED filaments can be turned off), such that the system light can have a correlated color temperature T1 as defined above. Conversely, the intensity of the first device light produced by the first filament of at least two different types of first LED filaments can be (substantially) 0 (i.e., the first filament of at least two different types of first LED filaments can be turned off), such that the system light can have a correlated color temperature T2 as defined above. Furthermore, the first of at least two different types of first LED filaments and the second of at least two different types of first LED filaments can both produce light with (not) equal intensities, such that the system light can have a correlated color temperature between T1 and T2. In an embodiment, the light generating system can therefore be configured in a first operating mode to generate system light with a correlated color temperature selected from the range T1-T2, where |T1-T2| ≥ 250K, for example |T1-T2| ≥ 500K, especially |T1-T2| ≥ 750K, and even more especially |T1-T2| ≥ 1000K. Furthermore, in an embodiment, |T1-T2| ≤ 5000K, for example |T1-T2| ≤ 4500K, especially |T1-T2| ≤ 4000K. Such a light generating system can provide system light with a correlated color temperature range. Therefore, the light generating system can be beneficial for applications that wish to change the characteristics of the system light over time (e.g., during daytime). In particular, in an embodiment, the correlated color temperature system of the system light (generated by the light generating system) can be changed by the control system (see below).

[0042] In embodiments, the system light may further include second device light. The second device light may be generated by one or more second light generating devices. Therefore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include one or more second light generating devices. Specifically, in embodiments, the light generating system may include 1-20 second light generating devices, such as 2-15 second light generating devices, particularly 3-10 second light generating devices. However, other numbers are also possible. In several embodiments, the one or more second light generating devices may be configured outside the light-transmitting housing, particularly outside the housing volume. Furthermore, in embodiments, the one or more second light generating devices may be configured radially around the light-transmitting housing. Specifically, in embodiments, the one or more second light generating devices may be configured at a first distance d1 from the outer surface of the light-transmitting housing. In embodiments, the first distance d1 may be selected from the range of 0.1-65 mm, such as the range of 0.5-50 mm, particularly the range of 1-40 mm. In embodiments, such a distance d1 can reduce heat transfer between the one or more second light generating devices and the light-transmitting housing.

[0043] In embodiments, one or more second light generating devices may include one or more second LED filaments. In a particular embodiment, each of the one or more second light generating devices may include one second LED filament. Thus, in embodiments, the light generating system may include 1-20, for example 2-15, particularly 3-10 second LED filaments. One or more second LED filaments may be configured to generate second device light. In embodiments, one or more second LED filaments (each) may include a second solid-state light source and a second (elongated) package. In embodiments, the second solid-state light source may be equivalent to the first solid-state light source, although this is not necessary. In embodiments, the second solid-state light source may be configured to generate second solid-state light source light during operation. In a particular embodiment, the second solid-state light source light may be blue light, such as light having a centroid wavelength selected from the 200-490 nm range, for example 400-490 nm range, particularly 440-490 nm range. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second package may include one or more of a (second) luminescent material and a light-scattering material. In embodiments, at least one of the one or more second LED filaments may include a second package containing a second luminescent material. In embodiments, the second luminescent material can be configured to convert at least a portion (e.g., all) of the (blue) second solid-state light source into second luminescent material light. In embodiments, the second luminescent material light can be, in particular, colored light, for example, selected from the group consisting of green, yellow, orange, and red light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second device light (of at least one of one or more second LED filaments) can include at least a portion of the second luminescent material light. Therefore, in embodiments, the second device light (of at least one of one or more second LED filaments) can be colored light, for example, selected from the group consisting of green, yellow, orange, and red light. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, at least one of one or more second LED filaments can include a second solid-state light source and a second luminescent material, wherein the second solid-state light source can be configured to generate second solid-state light source light, and wherein the second luminescent material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the second solid-state light source light into second luminescent material light; wherein the second device light of at least one of one or more second LED filaments can include at least a portion of the second luminescent material light, and wherein the second device light can be colored light. Using a (second) luminescent material to generate colored (second) device light can be more energy-efficient than using a solid-state light source configured to generate solid-state light with the same color.

[0044] Furthermore, in embodiments, the second solid-state light source of at least one of the one or more second LED filaments can be configured to generate colored second solid-state light (during operation). Specifically, in embodiments, the second solid-state light source (of the at least one of the one or more second LED filaments) can be configured to generate one or more of blue, green, yellow, orange, and red solid-state light. That is, the second solid-state light source (of the at least one of the one or more second LED filaments) can be one or more of blue, green, yellow, orange, and red LEDs. In such embodiments, the second package may not include a second light-emitting material; that is, the second solid-state light source may not be converted into light from the second light-emitting material (in the second package). Furthermore, in such embodiments, the second package may include a light-scattering material. In embodiments, the light-scattering material can be configured to scatter and / or diffuse the solid-state light source, particularly in directions transverse to the normals of the (first and / or second) main surfaces. In a particular embodiment, the light scattering material may include light scattering particles, such as, for example, at least one of BaSO4, Al2O3, and TiO2 particles. In an embodiment, the second encapsulation (of the at least one second LED filament in one or more second LED filaments) may therefore be configured to provide scattered and / or diffused second solid-state light (when illuminated with second solid-state light). Furthermore, in an embodiment, the device light (of the at least one second LED filament in one or more second LED filaments) may include at least a portion, for example, all, of the scattered and / or diffused second solid-state light. Therefore, in an embodiment, the device light may include (at least a portion) the second solid-state light, wherein the second solid-state light may in particular be colored light. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, at least one second LED filament in one or more second LED filaments may include a second solid-state light source, wherein the second solid-state light source may be configured to generate second solid-state light; wherein the second device light of the at least one second LED filament in the one or more second LED filaments may include at least a portion of the second solid-state light, and wherein the second device light may be colored light. Using a (second) solid-state light source configured to produce light with a desired color and / or centroid wavelength to generate colored (second) device light can provide colored light with improved color saturation, especially compared to a configuration using light from a (same) luminescent material.

[0045] In embodiments, at least one of the one or more second LED filaments may include a plurality of second solid-state light sources, wherein the plurality of second solid-state light sources are configured to generate second solid-state light with the same spectral power distribution. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, at least one of the one or more second LED filaments may include a plurality of second solid-state light sources, wherein the plurality of second solid-state light sources are configured to generate second solid-state light with different spectral power distributions. Furthermore, in embodiments, one or more second light generating devices (including one or more second LED filaments) may be configured to generate second device light with different spectral power distributions. Therefore, in embodiments, the light generating system, in particular one or more second light generating devices, may (at least) include (one or more) first-type second light generating devices, wherein the first-type second light generating devices may be configured to generate first-type second device light. In such embodiments, the first-type second device light may in particular have a first centroid wavelength. The first centroid wavelength may be selected from the blue wavelength range, such as the range of 400-490 nm, particularly the range of 440-490 nm. In some embodiments, the second device light may include first-type second device light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system, particularly one or more second light generating devices, may include one or more of a second type of second light generating device, wherein the second type of second light generating device can be configured to generate second type of second device light. In such embodiments, the second type of second device light may in particular have a second centroid wavelength. In a specific embodiment, the second centroid wavelength may be selected from the green wavelength range, for example, the range of 490-560 nm, particularly the range of 510-540 nm. In embodiments, the second device light may include a second type of second device light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system, particularly one or more second light generating devices, may include one or more third type of second light generating devices, wherein the third type of second light generating device can be configured to generate third type of second device light. In such embodiments, the third type of second device light may in particular have a third centroid wavelength. In a specific embodiment, the third centroid wavelength may be selected from the orange-red wavelength range (i.e., the 590-780 nm wavelength range), for example, the range of 590-750 nm, particularly the range of 600-700 nm. In embodiments, the second device light may include a third type of second device light. In an embodiment, one or more second light generating devices may thus be configured to generate second device light having intensity at one or more wavelengths in the visible wavelength range.Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the light generating system may include one or more of the following: (i) a first type of second light generating device configured to generate first-type second-device light having a first centroid wavelength in the blue wavelength range, and (ii) a second type of second light generating device configured to generate second-type second-device light having a second centroid wavelength in the green wavelength range. Additionally, in certain embodiments, the light generating system may include a third type of second light generating device configured to generate third-type second-device light having a third centroid wavelength in the orange-red wavelength range. Light generating systems including different types of second light generating devices as described herein can facilitate the generation of system light with a specific color. Furthermore, in embodiments, different types of second light generating devices can help change the color of the system light, especially during operation of the light generating system. In this way, the light generating system can provide decorative lighting effects.

[0046] In embodiments, the aforementioned different types of second light generating devices can provide second device light including one or more of the three primary colors of light (i.e., (orange) red (R), green (G), and blue (B)). Thus, the color point of the system light, especially the color point of the second device light, can be controlled within the RGB color space. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first type, second type, and third type of second device light can be combined to provide white second device light, for example, white second device light having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-8000K. Additionally, one or more of the first type, second type, and third type of second device light can be mixed with the first device light. Mixing one or more of the first type, second type, and third type of second device light with the first device light can help change the correlated color temperature of the (white) system light outside the range of correlated color temperatures achievable by the first device light (alone) (e.g., by increasing the red or blue component in the system light). Therefore, in embodiments, the light generation system can be configured to generate (white) system light, which includes one or more of a first device light (at least a portion) and a second device light (at least a portion). In embodiments, the light generation system can be particularly configured to generate such white system light in a first operating mode. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the light generation system can be configured such that, in the first operating mode of the light generation system, the system light can be white light comprising at least a portion of the first device light and at least a portion of the second device light. This configuration of the light generation system can facilitate alteration of the correlated color temperature and / or CRI of the white system light by changing the relative intensities of the first and second device lights.

[0047] In the foregoing, the second light generating device has been described in particular with reference to an LED filament embodiment. However, one or more second light generating devices may include one or more second light-emitting diode (LED) filaments, or one or more (optionally phosphor-covered) LEDs, or one or more (phosphor-covered) COBs, or a combination of two or more of LED filaments, (optionally phosphor-covered) phosphor-covered LEDs, and COBs. Thus, embodiments of the light source and luminescent material may also relate to (optionally phosphor-covered) LEDs or (phosphor-covered) COBs. Thus, one or more second light generating devices may also include direct LEDs (i.e., LEDs without phosphors) in embodiments. However, in embodiments, one or more second light generating devices may include one or more LED filaments, wherein the encapsulation of one or more LED filaments does not include luminescent material. Thus, such LED filament light may consist substantially of LED light from the LEDs of the filaments.

[0048] In an embodiment, the light generating system may have a second operating mode. In the second operating mode, the light generating system may be configured to generate system light comprising second device light and optionally at least a portion of first device light. Furthermore, in the second operating mode, the light generating system may be configured to vary the relative intensities of a first type of second device light, a second type of second device light, and a third type of second device light. Therefore, in an embodiment, in the second operating mode, the light generating system may be configured to generate system light comprising a relatively large component of blue, green, and / or orange-red light. That is, in an embodiment, in the second operating mode, the system light may be colored light, particularly colored light having colors from the RGB color space. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, the light generating system may be configured to generate non-white system light in the second operating mode of the light generating system. This second operating mode can provide decorative lighting effects. Furthermore, this second operating mode can be suitable for applications where it may be desirable to reduce the proportion of blue light in the system light over time, for example, to simulate a sunset.

[0049] As shown, the light-transmitting housing can (at least partially) transmit second device light. Therefore, in an embodiment, the second device light can be incident on one or more first light-generating devices, such as, in particular, one or more first LED filaments. In an embodiment, the blue light (generated by the second light-generating device of the first type) can be absorbed by the first luminescent material included in the one or more first LED filaments and subsequently converted into first luminescent material light. In an embodiment, this can produce a soft glow around the one or more first light-generating devices, thereby creating a decorative effect. However, in an embodiment, such glow may be undesirable. Therefore, the light-generating system may include a filter. In an embodiment, the filter may be at least partially configured between one or more first light-generating devices and one or more second light-generating devices. Furthermore, in an embodiment, one or more second light-generating devices and the filter may be configured such that at least a portion of the second device light (particularly in the blue-green wavelength range) is reflected at the filter, particularly in a direction away from the one or more first light-generating devices. Additionally or alternatively, in an embodiment, one or more second light-generating devices and the filter may be configured such that at least a portion of the second device light (particularly in the blue-green wavelength range) can be absorbed by the filter. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, the light generation system may further include a filter at least partially disposed between one or more first light generating devices and one or more second light generating devices; wherein the one or more second light generating devices and the filter may be configured such that at least a portion (i) of the second device light may be reflected at the filter in a direction away from the one or more first light generating devices, and / or (ii) may be absorbed by the filter. Thus, the filter disposed between one or more first light generating devices and one or more second light generating devices can reduce the amount of second device light incident on the first luminescent material. As a result, optical crosstalk can be reduced, wherein the term "optical crosstalk" may refer to the emission of first luminescent material light by the first luminescent material when irradiated with (especially blue-green) second device light. Since such optical crosstalk can alter the color and / or saturation of the system light, the filter can improve the color and / or saturation of the system light, especially in the second operating mode. Here, the term "blue-green" in the embodiments may refer to light having a wavelength selected from blue-green wavelengths, i.e., light selected from the wavelength range of 440-560 nm. In the embodiments, such light may be blue, green, or include both colors. Note that white light can also have spectral intensities in the blue-green wavelength range.

[0050] As shown, the filter can reflect and / or absorb second device light in the blue-green wavelength range. In an embodiment, the filter can therefore reflect at least a portion of the first type of second device light, and (further) optionally reflect at least a portion of the second type of second device light. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the filter can (therefore) transmit at least a portion of the third type of second device light. In an embodiment, the filter can be configured to reflect and / or absorb at least 70%, for example at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, including (substantially) all blue-green second device light received by the filter. Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the filter can be configured to transmit at least 70%, for example at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, including (substantially) all first device light (particularly first luminescent material light) received by the filter. Therefore, in an embodiment, the filter can be configured to have a higher transmittance for the first device light than for the (first type) second device light. Specifically, in an embodiment, the filter can be transmissive for at least a portion of the first device light and reflective for at least a portion of the second device light. Such a filter can prevent at least a portion (particularly blue-green) of the second device light from incident on one or more first light-generating devices (particularly the first light-emitting material), and can also promote the transmission of the first device light. Therefore, the light output and / or efficiency of the light-generating system can be minimized, while maintaining and / or increasing the optical properties of the system light (e.g., correlated color temperature, color point, etc.). In embodiments, the filter may include one or more of a dichroic mirror (or "dichroic filter"), a translucent mirror, a reflective mirror, and a white coating.

[0051] In an embodiment, a dichroic mirror can be configured to transmit light in a first wavelength range and reflect light in a second wavelength range. Specifically, in the first wavelength range, the transmission of light (through the dichroic mirror) can be greater than the reflection of light, while in the second wavelength range, the reflection of light can be greater than the transmission of light. Furthermore, the dichroic mirror can have a cutoff wavelength and / or a starting wavelength that separates the two wavelength ranges. The cutoff wavelength, in particular, can separate the transmission range (shorter wavelength) from the reflection range (longer wavelength), and conversely, can separate the reflection range (shorter wavelength) from the transmission range (longer wavelength). In an embodiment, a filter including a dichroic mirror can be configured to (a) reflect at least a portion of the second device light (particularly in the blue-green wavelength range) and (b) transmit at least a portion of the first device light, particularly at least the light from the first luminescent material.

[0052] Furthermore, in embodiments, the semi-transparent mirror can be configured to reflect a portion of the incident light and transmit the remainder, regardless of direction, wavelength, and / or polarization. Specifically, the semi-transparent mirror can be configured to (i) transmit or reflect at least 50%, for example, at least 60%, particularly at least 70%, of the incident light, and (ii) reflect or transmit at most 50%, for example, at most 40%, particularly at most 30%, of the incident light. In embodiments, the semi-transparent mirror may also be referred to as a "beam splitter." In certain embodiments, the semi-transparent mirror can be configured such that (i) at least 50%, for example, at least 60%, particularly at least 70%, of the second device light is reflected, and / or (ii) at most 50%, for example, at most 40%, particularly at most 30%, of the first device light is reflected.

[0053] In embodiments, the reflector can be configured to reflect at least 70%, such as at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, including (substantially) all incident light, regardless of wavelength and / or polarization, while preserving optical properties (e.g., polarization). Furthermore, in embodiments, the white coating can be configured to reflect at least 70%, such as at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, including (substantially) all incident light, and optionally diffuse the incident light upon reflection. In embodiments, the reflector and / or white coating are particularly useful in filter devices (see below).

[0054] Specifically, dichroic filters are (substantially) transparent to one or more wavelengths, and (substantially) reflective to one or more other wavelengths (within the blue-green wavelength range). Similarly, absorptive filters are (substantially) transparent to one or more wavelengths, and (substantially) absorptive to one or more other wavelengths (within the blue-green wavelength range).

[0055] In an embodiment, the filter may have low transmittance for a first wavelength range of 380 nm-λ1 and high transmittance for a second wavelength range of λ1-780 nm. Transmittance is defined as the average transmittance over each wavelength. Assuming perpendicular illumination, the filter may have a ratio T1 / T2, where T1 is the average transmittance of the filter over the wavelength range of 380 nm-λ1, and T2 is the average transmittance of the filter over the wavelength range of λ1-780 nm. Specifically, T1 / T2 ≤ 0.5. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, T1 / T2 ≤ 0.2, such as T1 / T2 ≤ 0.1. In certain embodiments, T1 / T2 may be substantially zero. Additionally, λ1 may be selected from the range of 450-550 nm, for example, from the range of about 470-530 nm. For example, λ1 may be selected from the range of 485-520 nm. In an embodiment, λ1 may be the cutoff wavelength of the filter.

[0056] In particular, a filter disposed between one or more first light-generating devices and one or more second light-generating devices can reduce the amount of second device light incident on the first light-emitting material. As a result, optical crosstalk can be reduced, where the term "optical crosstalk" can refer to the emission of light from the first light-emitting material (through the first light-emitting material) when irradiated with (especially blue-green) second device light.

[0057] In embodiments, the filter can be disposed on one or more of the outer and inner surfaces of the light-transmitting housing. Therefore, in one embodiment, the filter can be disposed on the inner surface of the light-transmitting housing. In such an embodiment, the filter can have a light-guiding function, i.e., the filter can facilitate (guide) (especially) the coupling out of the first device light from the light-transmitting housing. In a particular embodiment, the filter can be disposed within the housing. Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the light-transmitting housing may include the filter. However, specifically, in an embodiment, the filter can be disposed on the outer surface of the light-transmitting housing. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the filter can be configured (on average) closer to one or more second light-generating devices than one or more first light-generating devices. In an embodiment, the filter can (substantially) cover the entire outer surface of the light-transmitting housing. In such an embodiment, in particular, the blue component of the first device light can be reflected and / or absorbed by the filter, which can affect the correlated color temperature and / or color rendering index of the white first device light. Therefore, in such an embodiment, in a first operating mode, the light generating system can be configured to generate white light comprising at least a portion of first device light and at least a portion of (first type) second device light. Alternatively, the filter can cover 10-90%, for example 20-80%, particularly 25-75%, of the outer surface of the light-transmitting housing. In an embodiment, the filter can include a filter device having multiple filter portions spatially separated by light-transmitting portions. In an embodiment, the light-transmitting portions can be made of a light-transmitting material (included in the light-transmitting housing). However, in an embodiment, the light-transmitting portions can be separate light-transmitting portions, for example, disposed on the outer surface of the light-transmitting housing. In an embodiment, the multiple filter portions can be particularly disposed in the light path of the (blue-green) second device light toward the first light-emitting material, i.e., the multiple filter portions can be disposed between the second light generating device and at least one nearest first light generating device (on the outer surface of the light-transmitting housing). Furthermore, the filter device can be configured such that at least a portion of the second device light (in the blue-green wavelength range) can be reflected at the filter portion in a direction away from one or more first light-generating devices. Additionally, in embodiments, another portion of the second device light (in the blue-green wavelength range) can be transmitted through a light-transmitting portion (but not illuminating one or more first light-generating devices). Therefore, in certain embodiments, the filter can include a filter device having multiple filter portions spatially separated by light-transmitting portions; wherein the filter arrangement is configured such that at least a portion of the second device light can be reflected at these filter portions in a direction away from the one or more first light-generating devices, while another portion of the second device light can be transmitted through these light-transmitting portions. The filter device can reduce the absorption and / or reflection of the first device light (particularly its blue component).Therefore, the filter device can improve the color rendering index and / or correlated color temperature of the white first device light. In such an embodiment, the (white) first device light coupled from the light generation system can therefore have an intensity, particularly in the blue-green wavelength range. Thus, in an embodiment, the first device light can be independent of the (first type) second device light to produce white light with a correlated color temperature in the range of 1500-8000K (and optionally a color rendering index of at least 80). Therefore, a light generation system including the filter device can be configured to produce white system light consisting (only) of the first device light. Specifically, the first device light can have an intensity in the blue-green wavelength range; wherein at least one of the one or more first LED filaments and the filter can be configured such that in a first operating mode of the light generation system, the system light is white light consisting of the first device light. Producing white system light consisting (only) of the first device light can provide white system light with increased uniformity because the blue component of the white light may not be produced by a separate light generation device from the light generation devices that produce other (green and red) components.

[0058] As described above, in embodiments, the light generating system may include a control system. The control system may be configured to control one or more of the spectral power distribution, correlated color temperature, color point, and color rendering index of the system light. Furthermore, the control system may be configured to switch the light generating system from a first operating mode to a second operating mode. Therefore, in certain embodiments, the light generating system may also include a control system configured to control the spectral power distribution of the system light. The control system may allow a user to change the relative intensity of one or more different types of first device light, a first type of second device light, a second type of second device light, and a third type of second device light.

[0059] The term "control" and similar terms specifically refer to at least determining the behavior of an element or monitoring the operation of an element. Therefore, "control" and similar terms here can, for example, refer to applying actions to an element, such as measuring, displaying, actuating, moving, changing temperature, etc. In addition, the term "control" and similar terms can also include monitoring. Control of an element can be accomplished using a control system. The control system and the element can therefore be functionally coupled, at least temporarily or permanently. The element may include the control system. In embodiments, the control system and the element may not be physically coupled. Control can be accomplished via wired and / or wireless control. The term "control system" can also refer to multiple different control systems, which are particularly functionally coupled, and where, for example, one control system may be a master control system, while one or more others may be slave control systems. The control system may include or may be functionally coupled to a user interface.

[0060] The control system can also be configured to receive and execute commands from a remote control. In embodiments, the control system can be controlled via an app on a device, such as a portable device like a smartphone or iPhone, tablet, etc. Therefore, the device does not necessarily need to be coupled to the lighting system, but can be (temporarily) functionally coupled to it. In such embodiments, the control system of the lighting system can be a slave control system or controlled in a slave mode. For example, the light-generating systems can be identified by codes, specifically unique codes for each light-generating system. The control system of the light-generating system can be configured to be controlled by an external control system that accesses the lighting system based on knowledge of the (unique) codes (input via a user interface with optical sensors, e.g., a QR code reader). The lighting system can also include means for communicating with other systems or devices, such as those based on Bluetooth, Thread, Wi-Fi, LiFi, ZigBee, BLE, or WiMAX, or other wireless technologies.

[0061] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include a second light-transmitting housing (“second housing”). The second light-transmitting housing may include a second light-transmitting material. In embodiments, the second light-transmitting material may be selected from the group consisting of glass and (optically transparent) polymer materials. Furthermore, the second light-transmitting housing may define a second housing volume. In embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing may surround at least a portion of the first housing. Furthermore, in embodiments, one or more second light-generating devices may be (at least partially) disposed within the second housing volume (but not within the first housing volume). Therefore, in certain embodiments, the light generating system may also include a second light-transmitting housing, wherein the second light-transmitting housing may include a second light-transmitting material; wherein the second light-transmitting housing may define a second housing volume; wherein the second light-transmitting housing may surround at least a portion of the first housing; wherein the one or more second light-generating devices may be at least partially disposed within the second housing volume. The second light-transmitting housing may protect one or more second light-generating devices from dust ingress and / or damage. Furthermore, for example, when the second light-transmitting housing is patterned, the second light-transmitting housing may provide a decorative effect.

[0062] In embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing may therefore specifically include one or more second light-generating devices. Specifically, in embodiments, one or more second light-generating devices may be (at least partially) disposed within the second housing volume. Therefore, in embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing may be hollow, i.e., the second light-transmitting material may be specifically configured as a wall surrounding the second housing volume. Furthermore, the second light-transmitting housing, in particular the second light-transmitting material, may include a second inner surface and a second outer surface, wherein the second inner surface may be configured to face the (first) light-transmitting housing (and one or more second light-generating devices), and wherein the second outer surface may be configured to face away from the light-transmitting housing. Therefore, in embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing, in particular the second inner surface, may define the second housing volume. In embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing may include a second equivalent spherical diameter D2. In embodiments, the second equivalent spherical diameter D2 may be selected from the range of 3-17 cm, for example, the range of 5-15 cm, particularly the range of 5-12 cm. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second housing volume may particularly be the volume between the second inner surface and the (first) outer surface (included by the light-transmitting housing). Therefore, in the embodiment, the volume V2 of the second outer casing can be substantially determined by V2 = Determined. Specifically, D2 > D1, for example, D2 / D1 ≥ 1.1, for example, D2 / D1 ≥ 1.2. In the embodiment, 1.1 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 2.5.

[0063] Note that the volume between the second inner surface and the (first) outer surface (included by the light-transmitting shell) may not be in contact with the gas volume of the first shell.

[0064] In embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing may contain a second gas, particularly within the volume of the second housing. Preferably, the second gas may be different from the thermally conductive gas. In embodiments, (i) the second gas may include air, (ii) the second gas and the thermally conductive gas may have different gas compositions (e.g., containing different substances / molecules and / or different substance / molecule concentrations), (iii) the thermally conductive gas may have a first pressure P1 within the housing volume, the second gas may have a second pressure P2 within the second housing volume, the second pressure P2 may be lower than the first pressure P1, and / or (iv) the thermally conductive gas may have a higher thermal conductivity than the second gas. Such embodiments can provide improved reliability, optical performance, and / or lifetime for one or more first light-generating devices, which may be more questionable in terms of reliability, thermal issues, and / or degradation / lifetime issues than one or more second light-generating devices. In embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the second gas (at 22°C and 1 bar) may be selected from... The range, for example The scope, especially The range. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the second gas (at 22°C and 1 bar pressure) can be selected from... The range, for example, ≥ The scope, especially The range is defined. In embodiments, the second gas may include (atmospheric) air. Specifically, the second gas may include up to 10%, for example up to 5%, particularly up to 2%, comprising (substantially) 0% of He. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second gas may include up to 10%, for example up to 5%, particularly up to 2%, comprising (substantially) 0% of H2. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second gas may include up to 10%, for example up to 5%, particularly up to 2%, comprising (substantially) 0% of Ne. Typically, the concentration of at least one gas selected from He, Ne, and H2 in the first housing volume is higher than its concentration in the second housing volume.

[0065] In an embodiment, the second gas may have a second pressure P2 (at a temperature of 22°C) within the second housing volume. In an embodiment, the second pressure P2 may be selected from the range of 0.5-5 bar, for example, the range of 0.8-2.5 bar, particularly the range of 1-2 bar. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the second pressure P2 may be lower than the first pressure P1. In an embodiment, P1-6 bar ≤ P2 ≤ P1, for example, P1-4 bar ≤ P2 ≤ P1, particularly P1-2 bar ≤ P2 ≤ P1. Specifically, when the light-generating system is in the off state, the second gas may have atmospheric pressure within the second housing volume (at 22°C).

[0066] In embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing may particularly include a second light-transmitting material. Specifically, when incident perpendicularly onto the second light-transmitting housing, the second light-transmitting material may transmit 90% or higher, for example 95% or higher, particularly 99% or higher, and even more particularly 99.5% or higher, including 100% of the first device light and the second device light. Therefore, the second light-transmitting housing may transmit the incident second device light (and the first device light), and the second device light (and the first device light) may escape through the first light-transmitting housing. Therefore, in embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing may be transparent to both the first and second device light.

[0067] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the second light-generating housing can form a hermetically sealed (i.e., particularly watertight, and more particularly airtight) with the support member, and thus protect the light-generating device from the ingress of dust, dirt, and contaminants. In embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing, together with the support member, can provide a (second) housing volume with an IP44 or higher classification. However, other embodiments are also possible.

[0068] The terms “visible,” “visible light,” or “visible emission,” and similar terms refer to light having one or more wavelengths in the range of about 380-780 nm. The terms “light” and “radiation” are used interchangeably herein unless the context clearly indicates that the term “light” refers only to visible light. Therefore, the terms “light” and “radiation” can refer to UV radiation, visible light, and IR radiation. In certain embodiments, particularly for lighting applications, the terms “light” and “radiation” refer to (at least) visible light. The terms “blue light” or “blue emission,” and similar terms may particularly refer to light with wavelengths in the range of about 440-490 nm (including some violet and cyan hues). In certain embodiments, blue light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 440-490 nm. The terms “green light” or “green emission,” and similar terms may particularly refer to light with wavelengths in the range of about 490-560 nm. In certain embodiments, green light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 490-560 nm. The terms "yellow light" or "yellow emission" and similar terms may particularly refer to light having wavelengths in the range of about 560-590 nm. In a particular embodiment, yellow light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 560-590 nm. The terms "orange light" or "orange emission" and similar terms may particularly refer to light having wavelengths in the range of about 590-620 nm. In a particular embodiment, orange light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 590-620 nm. The terms "red light" or "red emission" and similar terms may particularly refer to light having wavelengths in the range of about 620-750 nm. In a particular embodiment, red light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 620-750 nm. The phrase "light having wavelengths in a wavelength range" and similar phrases may particularly indicate that the indicated light (or radiation) has a spectral power distribution with at least one or more intensities at wavelengths in the indicated wavelength range. For example, a blue emission solid-state light source would have a spectral power distribution with an intensity at least in the wavelength range of 440-495 nm.

[0069] A system, apparatus, or device may perform actions in a “mode” or “operating mode.” The term “operating mode” may also refer to “control mode.” Similarly, in a method, actions, stages, or steps may be performed in a “mode” or “operating mode.” This does not preclude the system, apparatus, or device from being adapted to provide another control mode or multiple other control modes. Likewise, this does not preclude the possibility of performing one or more other modes before and / or after performing a particular mode.

[0070] However, in embodiments, the control system may be available and is adapted to provide at least a control mode. If other modes are available, the selection of these modes can be performed, in particular, via a user interface, although other options, such as performing modes based on sensor signals or (time) schemes, are also possible. In embodiments, an operating mode may also refer to a system, apparatus, or device that can only operate in a single operating mode (i.e., "on," without further tunability).

[0071] Therefore, in this embodiment, the control system can perform control based on one or more of the following: input signals from the user interface, sensor signals (from the sensors), and timers. The term "timer" can refer to a clock and / or a predetermined timing scheme.

[0072] In embodiments, the light generating system may be a part of, or may be applied to, such as: office lighting systems, home application systems, shop lighting systems, residential lighting systems, accent lighting systems, spotlighting systems, theater lighting systems, fiber optic application systems, projection systems, self-illuminating display systems, pixelated display systems, segmented display systems, warning sign systems, medical lighting application systems, directional sign systems, decorative lighting systems, portable systems, automotive applications, (outdoor) road lighting systems, urban lighting systems, greenhouse lighting systems, horticultural lighting, digital projection, or LCD backlighting. The light generating system (or luminaire) may be a part of, for example, an optical communication system or a disinfection system, or may be applied to, for example, an optical communication system or a disinfection system.

[0073] Therefore, in another aspect, the present invention also provides a lamp or luminaire comprising a light generating system as defined herein. The luminaire may also include a housing, optical elements, a light-transmitting grating, etc. The lamp or luminaire may also include a housing surrounding the light generating system. The lamp or luminaire may include a light window or housing opening in the housing through which system light can escape from the housing. In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a projection device comprising a light generating system as defined herein. In particular, a projection device, or “projector” or “image projector,” can be an optical device that projects an image (or moving image) onto a surface such as, for example, a projection screen. The projection device may include one or more light generating systems as described herein. Therefore, in one aspect, the present invention also provides a lighting device selected from the group consisting of lamps, luminaires, projector devices, disinfection devices, photochemical reactors, automotive lighting devices, and optical wireless communication devices, comprising a light generating system as defined herein. The lighting device may include a housing or carrier configured to house or support one or more elements of the light generating system. Attached Figure Description

[0074] Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic diagrams, wherein corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts, and in the drawings:

[0075] Figures 1A-1D An embodiment of the light-generating system is schematically depicted;

[0076] Figure 2 An embodiment of the first and second LED filaments is schematically depicted;

[0077] Figures 3A-3B An embodiment of the system light is schematically depicted;

[0078] Figure 4 An embodiment of a lighting device is schematically depicted.

[0079] The diagram does not need to be drawn to scale. Specific Implementation

[0080] Figure 1A An embodiment of a light generating system 1000 is schematically depicted. The light generating system 1000 may include one or more first light generating devices 110, one or more second light generating devices 120, and a light-transmitting housing 500. In an embodiment, the light-transmitting housing 500 may include a light-transmitting material 505. Furthermore, the light-transmitting housing 500 may be hollow. Therefore, the light-transmitting housing 500, especially the light-transmitting material 505, may include an inner surface 501 and an outer surface 502. The inner surface 501 may be specifically configured to face the center of the light-transmitting housing 500, and the outer surface 502 may be configured to face away from the light-transmitting housing 500. In an embodiment, the light-transmitting housing 500 may include a first equivalent spherical diameter D1. In an embodiment, the first equivalent spherical diameter D1 may be selected from the range of 2-15 cm. Furthermore, the light-transmitting housing 500 (especially the inner surface 501) may define a housing volume 507. In an embodiment, the light-transmitting housing 500 may contain a thermally conductive gas 509. In an embodiment, the heat-conducting gas 509 may include at least 10% He. Furthermore, the heat-conducting gas 509 may include at least 60% He. In a particular embodiment, the heat-conducting gas 509 may include at least 99% He. Additionally or alternatively, the heat-conducting gas 509 may include at least 1% H2. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the heat-conducting gas 509 may include Ne, for example at least 1%, such as at least 10%. In an embodiment, the heat-conducting gas 509 (at 22°C and 1 bar pressure) may have a composition selected from... The thermal conductivity range. In an embodiment, the thermally conductive gas 509 (at a temperature of 22°C) may have a first pressure P1 selected from the range of 1-10 bar in the housing volume 507.

[0081] In an embodiment, one or more first light generating devices 110 may be disposed within a housing volume 507. Additionally, the one or more first light generating devices 110 may be configured to generate first device light 111 having an intensity at one or more wavelengths within the visible wavelength range. Furthermore, the one or more first light generating devices 110 may include one or more first LED filaments 115. The one or more first LED filaments 115 may include (multiple) first solid-state light sources 10 and first light-emitting materials 210 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2 The first solid-state light source 10 can be configured to generate first solid-state light source light 11. Furthermore, the first luminescent material 210 can be configured to convert at least a portion of the first solid-state light source light 11 into first luminescent material light 211. In an embodiment, the first device light 111 may include at least a portion of the first luminescent material light 211. In an embodiment, one or more second light generating devices 120 can be configured outside the housing volume 507 (i.e., the housing volume 507 may not include one or more second light generating devices 120). In an embodiment, one or more second light generating devices 120 may include one or more second LED filaments 125. In an embodiment, one or more second light generating devices 120 can be configured to generate second device light 121 having an intensity at one or more wavelengths in the visible wavelength range. In an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 can be configured to generate system light 1001 including at least a portion of the first device light 111. Additionally or alternatively, the light generating system 1000 can be configured to generate system light 1001 including at least a portion of the second device light 121. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 can be configured such that in a first operating mode of the light generating system 1000, the system light 1001 is white light. Specifically, the light generating system 1000 can be configured in the first operating mode to generate system light 1001 having a correlated color temperature selected in the range of 1500-8000K, for example, from 1500-6500K.

[0082] In an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may include at least two different types of first LED filaments 115. In an embodiment, a first filament of the at least two different types of first LED filaments 115 may be configured to generate first device light 111 having a correlated color temperature T1 selected from the range of 1750-8000K. Furthermore, in an embodiment, a second of the at least two different types of first LED filaments 115 may be configured to generate first device light 111 having a correlated color temperature T2 selected from the range of 1500-7000K. Therefore, the light generating system 1000 may include at least two different types of first LED filaments 115 configured to generate first device light 111 having correlated color temperatures differing by at least 500K. Furthermore, the light generating system 1000 may be configured to adjust the relative intensity of the first device light 111 generated by the first and second of the at least two different types of first LED filaments 115, respectively. Therefore, the light generating system 1000 can be configured to generate system light 1001 having a correlated color temperature selected from the range T1-T2 in a first operating mode of the light generating system 1000, wherein .

[0083] The light generating system 1000 may further include a second light-transmitting housing 1500. The second light-transmitting housing 1500 may, in particular, include a second light-transmitting material 1505. Furthermore, the second light-transmitting housing 1500 may define a second housing volume 1507. In an embodiment, the second light-transmitting housing 1500 may surround at least a portion of the first housing 500. Furthermore, in an embodiment, one or more second light generating devices 120 may (at least partially) be disposed within the second housing volume 1507 (but not within the first housing volume 507). The second light-transmitting housing 1500, in particular the second light-transmitting material 1505, may include a second inner surface 1501 and a second outer surface 1502, wherein the second inner surface 1501 may be configured to face the light-transmitting housing 500 (and the center of the second light-transmitting housing 1500), and wherein the second outer surface 1502 may be configured to face away from the light-transmitting housing 500. In an embodiment, the second light-transmitting housing 1500 may include a second equivalent spherical diameter D2. In an embodiment, the second equivalent spherical diameter D2 may be selected from the range of 3-17 cm. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second housing volume 1507 may in particular be the volume between the second inner surface 1501 and the outer surface 502 (included by the light-transmitting housing 500). In embodiments, the second light-transmitting housing 1500 may contain a second gas, particularly the second housing volume 1507. In embodiments, the second gas may include (atmospheric) air.

[0084] The light generation system 1000 may further include a filter 550. The filter 550 may be configured, in particular, between one or more first light generating devices 110 and one or more second light generating devices 120. In an embodiment, the filter 550 may be configured to reflect and / or absorb at least 70% of the blue-green second device light 121 received by the filter 550. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the filter 550 may be configured to transmit at least 70% of the first device light 111 (especially first luminescent material light 211) received by the filter 550. Therefore, in an embodiment, the filter 550 may be configured to have a higher transmittance for the first device light 111 than for the (blue-green) second device light 121. Additionally, the one or more second light generating devices 120 and the filter 550 may be configured such that at least a portion of the second device light 121 (in the blue-green wavelength range) may be reflected at the filter 550 in a direction away from the one or more first light generating devices 110. Furthermore, one or more second light generating devices 120 and filters 550 may be configured such that at least a portion of the second device light 121 (in the blue-green wavelength range) may be absorbed by the filters 550.

[0085] As shown in the figure, the light generating system 1000 may include a control system 300. The control system 300 may be configured to control one or more of the spectral power distribution, correlated color temperature, color point, and color rendering index of the system light 1001. Furthermore, the control system 300 may be configured to switch the light generating system 1000 from a first operating mode to a second operating mode.

[0086] Figure 1B Another embodiment of the light generating system 1000 is schematically depicted. In this embodiment, such as Figure 1A As shown, the filter 550 can be configured within the housing 500. However, as depicted herein (in...) Figure 1B In the case of a light-transmitting housing 500, the optical filter 550 may be included within the housing 500. In another embodiment, the filter 550 may be disposed on one or more of the outer surface 502 and the inner surface 501 of the housing 500. In embodiments, the filter 550 may include one or more of a dichroic mirror, a translucent mirror, a reflective mirror, and a white coating. Specifically, the filter 550 may be transmissive to at least a portion of the first device light 111, and reflective to at least a portion of the second device light 121 (in the blue-green wavelength range).

[0087] Figure 1CA cross-sectional top view of one embodiment of a light generation system 1000 is schematically depicted. In this embodiment, the light generation system 1000 may include a second light generation device 1210 of a first type, wherein the second light generation device 1210 of the first type can be configured to generate a second device light 1211 of a first type. The second device light 1211 of the first type may in particular have a first centroid wavelength in the blue wavelength range. Furthermore, the second device light 121 may include the second device light 1211 of the first type. Additionally or alternatively, the light generation system 1000 may include a second light generation device 1220 of a second type, wherein the second light generation device 1220 can be configured to generate a second light 1221 of a second type. In this embodiment, the second device light 1221 of the second type may have a second centroid wavelength in the green wavelength range. Furthermore, the second device light 121 may include the second light 1221 of a second type. In this embodiment, a filter 550 may reflect at least a portion of the second device light 1211 of the first type. Optionally, the filter 550 may reflect at least a portion of the second device light 1221 of the second type. Furthermore, the light generation system 1000 may include a third type of second light generation device 1230, wherein the third type of second light generation device 1230 may be configured to generate a third type of second device light 1231. In an embodiment, the third type of second device light 1231 may in particular have a third centroid wavelength in the orange-red wavelength range. Furthermore, the second device light 121 may include the third type of second device light 1231. In an embodiment, the filter 550 may transmit at least a portion of the third type of second device light 1231.

[0088] Figure 1D An embodiment of a light generating system 1000 is schematically depicted, wherein a filter 550 may include a filter arrangement of multiple filter portions 5011 spatially separated by light-transmitting portions 5012. Here, the light-transmitting portions 5012 are made of a light-transmitting material 505, but this is not mandatory. In an embodiment, the filter arrangement may be configured such that at least a portion of the second device light 121 (in the blue-green wavelength range) may be reflected at the filter portion 5011 in a direction away from one or more first light generating devices 110, while another portion of the second device light 121 (in the blue-green wavelength range) may be transmitted through the light-transmitting portions 5012. In such an embodiment, the transmitted second device light 121 (in the blue-green wavelength range) may specifically not illuminate one or more first light generating devices 110. Figure 1DAs shown, a plurality of filter portions 5011 can therefore be specifically configured in the optical path of the (blue-green) second device light 121 toward one or more first light generating devices 110 (particularly toward the first light-emitting material 210), that is, the plurality of filter portions 5011 can be configured between the second light generating device 120 and at least one of the closest first light generating devices 110. Figure 1D In the depicted embodiment, a plurality of filter portions 5011 are each disposed between the second light generating device 120 and the two closest first light generating devices 110.

[0089] In an embodiment, the first device light 111 may have an intensity in the blue-green wavelength range. In an embodiment, this blue-green first device light 111 may be transmitted through the light-transmitting portion 5012. Therefore, at least one of one or more first LED filaments 115 and filters 550 may be configured such that in a first operating mode of the light generation system 1000, the system light 1001 may be white light composed of the first device light 111.

[0090] Figure 2An embodiment is schematically depicted, comprising a first LED filament 115 composed of one or more first light-generating devices 110 (top) and a second LED filament 125 composed of one or more second light-generating devices 120 (bottom). The one or more first LED filaments 115 may each comprise a first solid-state light source 10, such as a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The first solid-state light source 10 (e.g., LEDs) may be particularly arranged in a linear array on a first main surface 1051 of an elongated carrier 1050. Here, the first solid-state light source 10 is arranged on both the first main surface 1051 and the second main surface 1052 of the elongated carrier 1050. In an embodiment, the first solid-state light source 10 may be configured to emit a first solid-state light source light 11, wherein the first solid-state light source light 11 may have a centroid wavelength in the blue wavelength range. Furthermore, each of the one or more first LED filaments 115 may include an encapsulation 200 that at least partially covers (i) at least a portion of all the first solid-state light sources 10, and (ii) at least one of the first main surface 1051 or the second main surface 1052. In an embodiment, the one or more first LED filaments 115 (particularly the encapsulation 200 included by the one or more first LED filaments 115) may include a first luminescent material 210 (configured to be embedded in the encapsulation 200). However, in an embodiment, each of the one or more first LED filaments 115 may include one or more luminescent materials, such as those selected from the group consisting of: oxynitride-type luminescent materials containing divalent europium, nitride-type luminescent materials containing divalent europium, garnet-type luminescent materials containing trivalent cerium, and hexafluoride-type luminescent materials containing tetravalent manganese. In an embodiment, the first luminescent material 210 may be configured to convert the light source light 11 received by the first luminescent material 210 into first luminescent material light 211. In an embodiment, the first device light may include at least a portion of the first luminescent material light 211 and (optionally) the first solid-state light source light 11.

[0091] Turning to the second LED filament 125, in an embodiment, at least one of the one or more second LED filaments 125 may include a second solid-state light source 20 and a second luminescent material 220 (configured to be embedded in the package 200). The second solid-state light source 20 may in particular be configured to generate second solid-state light source light 21. Furthermore, the second luminescent material 220 may be configured to convert at least a portion of the second solid-state light source light 21 into second luminescent material light 221. In such an embodiment, the second device light 121 of at least one of the one or more second LED filaments 125 may include at least a portion of the second luminescent material light 211. The second device light 125 may then be, in particular, colored light. Alternatively, the package 200 included by the one or more second LED filaments 125 may not include the second luminescent material 220. However, in such an embodiment, the package 200 (included by the one or more second LED filaments 125) may include a light-scattering material, such as light-scattering particles 230. In one embodiment, at least one of the one or more second LED filaments 125 may include a second solid-state light source 20 (and without a second light-emitting material 220), wherein the second solid-state light source 20 may be configured to produce (colored) second solid-state light source light 21. In such an embodiment, the second device light 121 of the at least one of the one or more second LED filaments 125 may include at least a portion of the second solid-state light source light 21 (instead of the second light-emitting material light 221), wherein the second device light 125 may in particular be colored light.

[0092] Figure 3A The spectral power distributions of the first device light 111 and the second device light 121 (especially the second device light 1211 of the first type) are schematically depicted. As shown, the first device light 111 (especially the first solid-state light source 11) can have (emission) intensity in the blue-green wavelength region. Furthermore, the first device light 111 (especially the first luminescent material light 211) can have broadband (emission) intensity over a longer wavelength range (e.g., within one or more of the green, yellow, orange, and red wavelength ranges). This combination of emission peaks can particularly promote the generation of white light. Therefore, one or more first light generating devices 110 (especially one or more first LED filaments 115) can be configured to generate white first device light 111. In particular, one or more first LED filaments 115 can be configured to generate first device light 111 having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-6500K. Additionally, the first device light 111 can have a color rendering index of at least 80. Furthermore, as shown in the figure, the second device light 121, particularly the first type of second device light 1211, can have an intensity in the blue-green wavelength range.

[0093] Figure 3A Two options for filter 550 are also schematically depicted, indicated by reference numerals A and B. As shown, option A for filter 550 has low transmittance for light in the blue-green wavelength region. Therefore, this filter 550 can reflect most (e.g., substantially all) of the first device light 111 with intensity in the blue-green wavelength region. Thus, the first device light 111 coupled from the light generation system 1000 may (substantially) have no light in the blue-green wavelength region. Furthermore, option B for filter 550 can have relatively high transmittance for light in the blue-green wavelength region. However, some blue-green first device light 111 can still be reflected at filter 550, resulting in the coupled first device light 111 having one or more of an undesirable color point, an undesirable color rendering index, and an undesirable correlated color temperature. Therefore, it may be desirable to mix some additional light with intensity in the blue-green wavelength region into the first device light. This additional blue-green light can be provided by a second device light (121) (particularly by a second device light 1211 of the first type). Therefore, the light generation system 1000 can be configured such that in a first operating mode of the light generation system 1000, the system light 1001 can be white light comprising at least a portion of the first device light 111 and at least a portion of the second device light 121 (wherein, optionally, the second device light 121 comprises an intensity in the blue wavelength range).

[0094] Figure 3B The spectral power distributions of a first device light 111, a first-type second device light 1211, a second-type second device light 1221, and a third-type second device light 1231 are schematically depicted. As shown, the first device light 111 can be, in particular, white light. Furthermore, the first-type second device light 1211 can be blue light, the second-type second device light 1221 can be green light, and the third-type second device light 1231 can be red light. In an embodiment, the control system 300 can be configured to change the relative intensity of one or more of the first device light 111, the first-type second device light 1211, the second-type second device light 1221, and the third-type second device light 1231, especially in a second operating mode. By increasing the relative intensity of one (or more) types of second device lights 1211, 1221, 1231, the light generation system can therefore be specifically configured to generate a colored system light 1001, wherein the colored system light 1001 can specifically have a color selected from the RGB color space. Therefore, the light generation system 1000 can be configured to generate non-white system light 1001 in the second operating mode of the light generation system 1001.

[0095] Figure 4An embodiment of a luminaire 2 including the light generating system 1000 as described above is schematically depicted. Reference numeral 301 indicates a user interface that can be functionally coupled to a control system 300, which is included in or functionally coupled to the light generating system 1000. Figure 4 An embodiment of a lamp 1 including a light generating system 1000 is also schematically depicted. Reference numeral 3 indicates a projector device or projector system, which can be used, for example, to project images onto a wall, and may also include the light generating system 1000. Therefore, Figure 4 An embodiment of a lighting device 1200 selected from the group consisting of lamp 1, luminaire 2, projector device 3, disinfection device, photochemical reactor, automotive lighting device, and optical wireless communication device is schematically depicted, which includes a light generating system 1000 as described herein. Lighting device light emanating from the lighting device 1200 is indicated by reference numeral 1201. Lighting device light 1201 may consist substantially of system light 1001, and therefore may be system light 1001 in certain embodiments. Reference numeral 1300 indicates a space, such as a room. Reference numeral 1305 indicates a floor, reference numeral 1310 indicates a ceiling; and reference numeral 1307 indicates a wall.

[0096] The term "a plurality of" refers to two or more. The terms "substantially" or "truly," and similar terms, will be understood by those skilled in the art. The term "substantially" or "truly" may also include embodiments with connotations such as "completely," "entirely," "all," etc. Therefore, in embodiments, the adjective "substantially" or "truly" may also be removed. Where applicable, the term "substantially" or "truly" may also refer to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%.

[0097] The term "comprising" also includes embodiments that "comprise" means "forms of". The term "and / or" specifically refers to one or more items mentioned before and after "and / or". For example, the phrase "item 1 and / or item 2" and similar phrases may refer to one or more of item 1 and item 2. The term "comprising" in one embodiment may mean "forms of", but in another embodiment it may also mean "containing at least the defined kinds and optional one or more other kinds".

[0098] Furthermore, the terms first, second, third, etc., used in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements and are not necessarily used to describe a sequence or chronological order. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate, and that embodiments of the invention described herein can operate in a different order than that described or illustrated herein. These devices, apparatuses, or systems may be described herein during operation. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention is not limited to the method of operation, or the devices, apparatuses, or systems in operation.

[0099] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative and not limiting of the invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to devise many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. Any reference numerals placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims.

[0100] The use of the verb "comprising" and its variations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in the claims. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "comprising," "including," etc., should be interpreted in an inclusive sense, not an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to." The article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

[0101] This invention can be implemented by hardware comprising several different elements and by a suitably programmed computer. In the device, apparatus, or system claims that enumerate several means, several of these means can be implemented by the same hardware. The fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not imply that combinations of these measures cannot be advantageously used. In another aspect, the invention (therefore) provides a software product that, when run on a computer, is capable of producing one or more embodiments of the operating modes as described herein. Furthermore, the invention provides a computer program product that, when functionally coupled to or run on a computer included in a device, apparatus, or system, controls one or more controllable elements of such device, apparatus, or system.

[0102] The present invention is also applicable to devices, apparatuses, or systems that include one or more characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings. The present invention also relates to methods or processes that include one or more characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings.

[0103] The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantages. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be combined, and more than two embodiments can be combined. Additionally, some features can form the basis of one or more divisional applications.

Claims

1. A light generating system (1000) comprising one or more first light generating devices (110), one or more second light generating devices (120), and a light-transmitting housing (500), wherein: - The light-transmitting housing (500) includes a light-transmitting material (505); wherein the light-transmitting housing (500) defines a housing volume (507); wherein the light-transmitting housing (500) further includes a thermally conductive gas (509), wherein the thermally conductive gas (509) includes one or more of the following: (i) at least 10% He, (ii) at least 1% H2, and (iii) at least 1% Ne; - The one or more first light generating devices (110) are disposed within the housing volume (507); wherein the one or more first light generating devices (110) are configured to generate first device light (111) having an intensity at one or more wavelengths in the visible wavelength range; wherein the one or more first light generating devices (110) include one or more first LED filaments (115); wherein the one or more first LED filaments (115) include a first solid-state light source (10) and a first light-emitting material (210), wherein the first solid-state light source (10) is configured to generate first solid-state light source light (11), and wherein the first light-emitting material (210) is configured to convert at least a portion of the first solid-state light source light (11) into first light-emitting material light (211); wherein the first device light (111) includes at least a portion of the first light-emitting material light (211); - The one or more second light generating devices (120) are disposed outside the housing volume (507); wherein the one or more second light generating devices (120) include one or more second LED filaments (125); wherein the one or more second light generating devices (120) are configured to generate second device light (121) having an intensity at one or more wavelengths within the visible wavelength range; and - The light generating system (1000) (a) is configured to generate system light (1001), the system light comprising one or more of the following: (i) at least a portion of the first device light (111), and (ii) at least a portion of the second device light (121), and (b) is configured such that the system light (1001) is white light in a first operating mode of the light generating system (1000); -The light generating system further includes a second light-transmitting housing (1500), wherein the second light-transmitting housing (1500) includes a second light-transmitting material (1505); wherein the second light-transmitting housing (1500) defines a second housing volume (1507); wherein the second light-transmitting housing (1500) surrounds at least a portion of the first housing (500); wherein one or more second light generating devices (120) are at least partially disposed within the second housing volume (1507); -The second light-transmitting outer shell (1500) contains a second gas (508) within the second shell volume (1507); and - wherein (i) the second gas (508) comprises air; (ii) the second gas (508) and the thermally conductive gas (509) have different gas compositions; (iii) the thermally conductive gas has a first pressure P1 in the outer casing volume, the second gas has a second pressure P2 in the second outer casing volume, the second pressure P2 being lower than the first pressure P1; and / or (iv) the thermally conductive gas has a higher thermal conductivity than the second gas.

2. The light generating system (1000) according to claim 1, wherein: (i) the second gas (508) comprises air, and / or (iii) the thermally conductive gas has a first pressure P1 in the outer casing volume, the second gas has a second pressure P2 in the second outer casing volume, the second pressure P2 being lower than the first pressure P1.

3. The light generating system (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat-conducting gas (509) comprises at least 60% He.

4. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more first LED filaments (115) are configured to generate white first device light (111); and wherein the one or more first LED filaments (115) are configured to generate first device light (111) having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500K to 6500K.

5. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light generating system (1000) comprises at least two different types of first LED filaments (115), the first LED filaments (115) being configured to generate first device light (111) having a correlated color temperature differing by at least 500K.

6. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one of the one or more second LED filaments (125) comprises a second solid-state light source (20) and a second light-emitting material (220), wherein the second solid-state light source (20) is configured to generate second solid-state light source light (21), and wherein the second light-emitting material (220) is configured to convert at least a portion of the second solid-state light source light (21) into second light-emitting material light (221); wherein the second device light (121) of at least one of the one or more second LED filaments (125) comprises at least a portion of the second light-emitting material light (211), and wherein the second device light (125) is colored light.

7. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one of the one or more second LED filaments (125) comprises a second solid-state light source (20), wherein the second solid-state light source (20) is configured to generate second solid-state light source light (21); wherein the second device light (121) of at least one of the one or more second LED filaments (125) comprises at least a portion of the second solid-state light source light (21), and wherein the second device light (125) is colored light.

8. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light generating system (1000) includes a second light generating device (1210) of a first type, the second light generating device (1210) of the first type being configured to generate second device light (1211) of a first type having a first centroid wavelength in the blue wavelength range.

9. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light generating system (1000) includes a second light generating device (1220) of the second type, the second light generating device (1220) of the second type being configured to generate second device light (1221) of the second type having a second centroid wavelength in the green wavelength range.

10. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light generating system (1000) includes a second light generating device (1230) of a third type, the second light generating device of the third type being configured to generate second device light (1231) of the third type having a third centroid wavelength in the orange-red wavelength range.

11. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light generating system (1000) is configured such that, in the first operating mode of the light generating system (1000), the system light (1001) is white light comprising at least a portion of the first device light (111) and at least a portion of the second device light (121).

12. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims further includes a control system (300) configured to control the spectral power distribution of the system light (1001).

13. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims further includes a filter (550) at least partially disposed between the one or more first light generating devices (110) and the one or more second light generating devices (120); wherein the one or more second light generating devices (120) and the filter (550) are configured such that at least a portion (i) of the second device light (121) is reflected at the filter (550) in a direction away from the one or more first light generating devices (110), and / or (ii) is absorbed by the filter (550).

14. The light generating system (1000) of claim 13, wherein the filter (550) is transmissive to at least a portion of the first device light (111) and reflective to at least a portion of the second device light (121).

15. A lighting device (1200) selected from the group consisting of a lamp (1), a luminaire (2), a projector device (3), a disinfection device, a photochemical reactor, an automotive lighting device, and an optical wireless communication device, said lighting device (1200) comprising a light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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