Outdoor electromagnetic lock

Abstract

The outdoor electromagnetic lock comprises a lock rod, a coil, a shell, a lock seat and an iron core assembly, the lock seat is fixed in the shell, the lock rod is elastically supported in the shell, and the iron core assembly comprises a lock column matched with a rod groove in the lock rod and a spring enabling the lock column to reset; the lock column is configured to be far away from the rod groove through the elastic force of the spring when the electromagnetic lock is powered off. The microswitch is arranged in the shell and electrically connected with the coil, and when the microswitch is triggered, the coil is powered on so as to drive the lock column to stretch into the rod groove to lock the lock rod. The knob switch is rotationally connected to the shell and is configured to trigger the microswitch on a rotating path firstly, then abut against the lock rod and keep triggering the microswitch when abutting against the lock rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an outdoor electromagnetic lock, specifically an outdoor electromagnetic lock. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic locks are widely used in high-voltage switchgear, distribution cabinets, and other power equipment to prevent electric shock accidents caused by misoperation. They are an important device to ensure the safety of power workers. In high-voltage switchgear applications, it is typically required that the cabinet door remain locked when the equipment is energized to prevent personnel from accidentally entering the energized area, while the cabinet door can be opened for maintenance work when the power is off.

[0003] Existing electromagnetic locks are divided into ordinary electromagnetic locks and reverse electromagnetic locks. Ordinary electromagnetic locks operate on the principle of unlocking when energized and locking when de-energized. Spring force keeps the locking pin extended and locked; when energized, electromagnetic force compresses the spring, causing the locking pin to retract and unlock. Reverse electromagnetic locks operate on the principle of locking when energized and unlocking when de-energized. However, when the high-voltage switchgear is energized, accidental or improper operation of the unlocking device by the operator could directly open the cabinet door, causing electric shock. Although some electromagnetic locks are equipped with microswitches for status detection, their control logic is still limited to simple energized status indication, failing to form effective electrical interlock protection along the mechanical operation path and making it difficult to fundamentally prevent accidental door opening while energized.

[0004] Furthermore, while existing electromagnetic locks can unlock during power outages for maintenance, once power is restored, if the operator is still in the open cabinet door state, there is a lack of an effective forced locking mechanism to prevent accidental closure or lock failure due to sudden power restoration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an electromagnetic lock structure that can achieve forced mechanical locking when powered on, automatic unlocking when powered off, and electrical interlock protection along the operating path, in order to improve the safety protection level of high-voltage switchgear. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an outdoor electromagnetic lock in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted in this invention are as follows:

[0007] An outdoor electromagnetic lock includes a locking rod, a coil, a housing, a locking seat, and an iron core assembly. The locking seat is fixed inside the housing, and the locking rod is elastically supported inside the housing. The iron core assembly includes a locking pin that mates with a groove on the locking rod and a spring that resets the locking pin.

[0008] The locking pin is configured to move away from the rod groove by the elastic force of the spring when the electromagnetic lock is de-energized;

[0009] A micro switch is located inside the housing and electrically connected to the coil. When the micro switch is triggered, the coil is energized to drive the locking pin to extend into the rod slot and lock the locking rod.

[0010] A rotary switch is rotatably connected to the housing and configured to first trigger the micro switch on the rotation path, then abut the locking rod, and maintain the triggering of the micro switch when abutting the locking rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking lever includes a lever body and a mounting base fixed to the lever body, the mounting base engaging with the rotary switch.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking rod also includes a guide rod and a guide rod spring. The guide rod is fixed inside the housing, the mounting base is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, and the guide rod spring is sleeved on the guide rod with its two ends respectively abutting against the housing and the mounting base.

[0013] Furthermore, the core assembly also includes a front core, a rear core, and a core pin. The front core is fixed to the coil frame, the core pin passes through the front core and its tail end is threadedly connected to the rear core, the spring is sleeved on the core pin and its two ends abut against the front core and the rear core respectively, and the locking post is fixed to the core pin.

[0014] Furthermore, the core assembly also includes a front baffle, through which the locking pin passes and is fixed integrally with the core pin.

[0015] Furthermore, the lock seat is provided with an emergency unlocking hole, and the front baffle is correspondingly provided with the emergency unlocking hole. The emergency unlocking hole is used to receive an emergency key to move the front baffle to disengage the lock pin from the rod groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the rotary switch includes an outer knob, an inner knob, and a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft being rotatably connected to the housing and its two ends being fixed to the outer knob and the inner knob, respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner knob is a right-angle structure, with one right-angle side fixed to the connecting shaft, and the other right-angle side configured to trigger a micro switch when rotated, and to maintain pressure on the micro switch when it contacts the locking lever.

[0018] Furthermore, the connecting shaft is fitted with a torsion spring for resetting the rotary switch.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a circuit board on which the micro switch is integrated.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) It realizes the reverse safety logic of "unlocking when power is off and locking when power is on", so that the high voltage cabinet can automatically release the mechanical lock when the power is off for maintenance, making it easier for operators to open the cabinet door for maintenance work; preventing personnel from accidentally entering the live compartment, and significantly improving the safety protection level of the high voltage cabinet.

[0022] (2) Electrical interlock protection is integrated into the mechanical operation path of the rotary switch. The inner knob triggers the micro switch to energize the coil during rotation and then contacts the locking rod in sequence. This ensures that any attempt to open the cabinet door while it is energized will first drive the locking pin into the rod groove to form a forced lock, effectively eliminating the risk of accidental opening of the door while it is energized.

[0023] (3) By using the control circuit of the micro switch and the coil in series, the coil is kept energized during the period when the rotary switch triggers the micro switch, so as to realize the instantaneous control of the locking energy consumption, avoid the coil from being energized and heating up for a long time, and improve the working reliability and service life of the electromagnetic lock.

[0024] (4) The locking rod adopts an elastic support structure and a rod groove design. In the power-off state, the locking pin automatically moves away from the rod groove under the action of the spring force, and the locking rod can move freely axially to unlock. In the power-on state, the electromagnetic force drives the locking pin to overcome the spring force and extend into the rod groove to form a rigid mechanical lock. The locking state is stable and reliable.

[0025] (5) The core assembly adopts a modular design and is a universal outdoor electromagnetic lock. By replacing the core assembly with different structures, the two working modes of "unlocking when power is off and locking when power is on" and "locking when power is off and unlocking when power is on" can be switched within the same housing. It has good structural universality and adaptability and can meet the safety requirements of different application scenarios.

[0026] (6) An emergency unlocking hole is provided to cooperate with the front baffle. In an emergency, the front baffle can be mechanically moved by the emergency key to drive the lock pin compression spring out of the rod groove, thereby achieving forced unlocking. This takes into account both the emergency operation needs under special working conditions and the safety protection requirements of daily operation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the iron core assembly.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view of the iron core assembly.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the locking rod for the iron core assembly.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the lock base.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a rotary switch.

[0034] Figure 8 A 3D view after removing the housing and rotary switch.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the rotary switch and the housing (excluding the outer knob).

[0036] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic lock after the iron core assembly has been replaced.

[0037] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The structural diagram of the iron core assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides an outdoor electromagnetic lock for high-voltage cabinets, used as a reverse-phase outdoor electromagnetic lock, including a lock rod 1, a coil 2, a circuit board 3, a micro switch 4, an iron core assembly 5, a housing 6, a lock base 7, and a rotary switch 8.

[0041] The locking rod 1 is axially movable within the housing 6 and elastically supported within the housing 6. Specifically:

[0042] The locking rod 1 includes a rod body 11, a mounting base 12, a guide rod 13, and a guide rod spring 14. One end of the rod body 11 is provided with a rod groove 10, and the other end of the rod body 11 is fixed to the mounting base 12 by a threaded engagement, so that rod bodies 11 of different lengths can be replaced according to the thickness of the cabinet door. The guide rod 13 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing 6, the mounting base 12 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 13, and the guide rod spring 14 is sleeved on the guide rod 13, with one end abutting against the inner wall surface of the housing 6 and the other end abutting against the mounting base 12, thereby providing axial elastic restoring force for the locking rod 1.

[0043] Under normal conditions, the guide rod spring 14 pushes the mounting base 12 to keep the rod 11 in an extended state; when subjected to axial thrust, the rod 11 can compress the guide rod spring 14 and retract into the housing 6. After the external force is removed, the guide rod spring 14 pushes the rod 11 to reset.

[0044] The lock base 7 is fixed inside the housing 6 and is correspondingly arranged with the lock rod 1. The lock base 7 has a through hole for inserting the rod body 11, and an emergency unlocking hole 71 located on the side wall of the lock hole (e.g., Figure 6 An emergency unlocking hole 71 extends through a hole in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the locking rod 1, for inserting an emergency key. A dust cover may be provided on the outside of the emergency unlocking hole 71 to prevent dust from entering.

[0045] like Figures 3 to 5 The coil 2 is fixedly installed inside the housing 6. The iron core assembly 5 is arranged correspondingly to the coil 2, including a locking post 51, a front baffle 52, an iron core pin 53, a spring 54, a rear iron core 55, and a front iron core 56.

[0046] The front iron core 56 is fixed in the central hole of the coil 2 frame, and the iron core pin 53 passes through the front iron core 56 and can slide along the axial direction. The front end of the iron core pin 53 passes through the front baffle 52 and is fixedly connected to the locking pin 51, so that the locking pin 51, the front baffle 52 and the iron core pin 53 form a rigid structure that is fixed as one piece.

[0047] The tail end of the iron core pin 53 is threaded and threadedly connected and fixed to the rear iron core 55. The spring 54 is sleeved on the iron core pin 53, located between the front iron core 56 and the rear iron core 55, with one end abutting the lower end face of the front iron core 56 and the other end abutting the upper end face of the rear iron core 55. The rear iron core 55 corresponds to the magnetic circuit of the coil 2. When the coil 2 is energized and generates a magnetic field, the magnetic field acts on the rear iron core 55, attracting the rear iron core 55 to move upward (towards the rod groove 10), thereby driving the iron core pin 53, the locking pin 51, and the front baffle 52 to move upward as a whole.

[0048] The micro switch 4 is housed within the housing 6, and can be integrated onto the circuit board 3. The circuit board 3 is fixed within the housing 6 and includes an indicator light. The micro switch 4 is electrically connected to the coil 2, forming a control circuit. When the micro switch 4 is pressed and triggered, the circuit is connected, and the coil 2 is energized; after the micro switch 4 is reset, the circuit is disconnected, and the coil 2 is de-energized.

[0049] like Figures 7 to 9 The rotary switch 8 is rotatably connected to the housing 6. The rotary switch 8 can be located on the side of the housing 6 and includes an outer knob 81, an inner knob 82 and a connecting shaft 83.

[0050] The connecting shaft 83 passes through the side wall of the housing 6. The outer knob 81 is fixed to the end of the connecting shaft 83 located outside the housing 6, and the inner knob 82 is fixed to the end of the connecting shaft 83 located inside the housing 6.

[0051] The inner knob 82 has a right-angle structure with two right-angled sides that are perpendicular to each other. One right-angled side is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 83, and the other right-angled side extends radially to form a cantilever shape.

[0052] A torsion spring is fitted on the connecting shaft 83. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the housing 6, and the other end is fixed to the connecting shaft 83 for automatic reset of the rotary switch 8.

[0053] The other right-angled edge of the inner knob 82 has two key positions during the rotation stroke: in one position, the right-angled edge maintains a distance from the trigger point of the micro switch 4 and the mounting base 12 of the locking lever 1; during rotation, the right-angled edge first passes the trigger point of the micro switch 4 and presses the micro switch 4, and as it continues to rotate, the right-angled edge abuts against the side of the mounting base 12, thereby pushing the locking lever 1 to move axially.

[0054] The working principle is as follows:

[0055] Power-off unlocking state: When the high-voltage cabinet is de-energized, the electromagnetic lock is de-energized, the indicator light goes out, the coil 2 is de-energized, and the spring 54 of the iron core assembly 5 is in a naturally extended state, so that the locking pin 51 is in a low position, away from the rod groove 10 of the locking rod 1. At this time, the locking rod 1 remains extended under the action of the guide rod spring 14, and the rod body 11 extends into the electromagnetic locking groove of the cabinet door.

[0056] When the operator attempts to open the cabinet door by turning the rotary switch 8, the corresponding right-angled side of the inner knob 82 will still trigger the micro switch 4 (mechanical pressing action) along the rotation trajectory. However, since the electromagnetic lock is in a de-energized state, the micro switch 4 cannot connect the power supply to energize the coil 2 after being triggered. Therefore, the locking pin 51 remains away from the rod groove 10 under the action of the spring 54 and does not produce a locking effect. Continuing to turn the inner knob 82 and press it against the mounting base 12 pushes the locking rod 1 to compress the guide rod spring 14 and retract it into the housing 6. The rod 11 exits the electromagnetic locking groove of the cabinet door, allowing the cabinet door to be opened for maintenance.

[0057] Power-on anti-mislocking state: After the high-voltage cabinet is powered on, the electromagnetic lock remains powered on and the indicator light is always on. At this time, the micro switch 4 is not triggered, the coil 2 is not energized, the locking pin 51 is moved away from the rod groove 10 under the action of the spring 54, and the locking rod 1 is extended into the electromagnetic locking groove of the cabinet door under the action of the guide rod spring 14, so the cabinet door cannot be opened.

[0058] When the operator attempts to open the cabinet door by turning the rotary switch 8, the right-angled side of the inner knob 82 first triggers the micro switch 4 on the rotation trajectory, energizing the coil 2. After the magnetic field is attracted, the iron core 55 moves upward, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 54, and causing the locking pin 51 to quickly extend into the rod groove 10. If the rotary switch 8 is turned further, when the inner knob 82 touches the mounting base 12 and attempts to push the locking rod 1 to move axially, the right-angled side of the inner knob 82 always keeps pressing the micro switch 4, so the coil 2 is continuously energized. The locking pin 51 remains in the locked state of extending into the rod groove 10, so the locking rod 1 cannot move axially and the cabinet door cannot be opened.

[0059] As long as the high-voltage cabinet remains powered on, any attempt to turn the knob to open the door will first trigger the micro switch 4, causing the locking pin 51 to extend immediately and remain locked, thus ensuring that the cabinet door is always in an unopenable state when the high-voltage cabinet is energized.

[0060] Emergency unlocking: When the power is on, if it is necessary to open the cabinet door in an emergency, insert the emergency key into the emergency unlocking hole 71 of the lock seat 7, turn the emergency key to make it move the front baffle 52, the front baffle 52 drives the lock rod 51 to compress the spring 54 downward and disengage from the rod groove 10. At this time, the lock rod 1 can be moved axially to open the cabinet door.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] like Figure 10 and 11 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the structure and working logic of the core assembly 5. It is a common outdoor electromagnetic lock used in high-voltage cabinets. The core assembly 5 in this embodiment does not include the front core 56. The rear core 55 is fixed inside the frame of the coil 2. The core pin 53 is inserted into the rear core 55 and can slide axially. The spring 54 is sleeved on the core pin 53, with one end abutting against the rear core 55 and the other end abutting against the stepped surface of the core pin 53.

[0063] In the power-off state, spring 54 pushes the iron core pin 53, keeping the locking pin 51 extended and abutting against the groove 10 of the locking rod 1, thus locking the locking rod 1. After power is applied, the coil 2 generates a magnetic field that attracts the iron core 55, compressing the spring 54 and causing the locking pin 51 to retract and disengage from the groove 10. At this time, the locking rod 1 can be moved to open the cabinet door. This is the conventional power-off locking and power-on unlocking mode, suitable for general security scenarios.

[0064] Compared to the structure of Embodiment 1 (i.e., the present invention), the structure of two electromagnetic locks can be realized by simply replacing the iron core assembly, without the need for large-scale structural replacement, resulting in better versatility and better performance.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor electromagnetic lock, comprising a locking rod (1), a coil (2), a housing (6), a lock seat (7), and an iron core assembly (5), wherein the lock seat (7) is fixed inside the housing (6), the locking rod (1) is elastically supported inside the housing (6), and the iron core assembly (5) comprises a locking pin (51) that mates with a rod groove (10) on the locking rod (1) and a spring (54) that resets the locking pin (51), characterized in that: The locking pin (51) is configured to move away from the rod groove (10) by the elastic force of the spring when the electromagnetic lock is de-energized. A micro switch (4) is located inside the housing (6) and electrically connected to the coil (2). When the micro switch (4) is triggered, the coil (2) is energized to drive the locking pin (51) to extend into the rod groove to lock the locking rod (1). A rotary switch (8) is rotatably connected to the housing (6) and configured to first trigger the micro switch (4) on the rotation path, then abut the locking rod (1), and maintain the triggering of the micro switch (4) when abutting the locking rod (1).

2. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The locking rod (1) includes a rod body (11) and a mounting base (12) fixed to the rod body (11), and the mounting base (12) abuts against the rotary switch (8).

3. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The locking rod (1) also includes a guide rod (13) and a guide rod spring (14). The guide rod (13) is fixed inside the housing (6). The mounting base (12) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (13). The guide rod spring (14) is sleeved on the guide rod (13) and its two ends respectively abut against the housing (6) and the mounting base (12).

4. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The core assembly (5) also includes a front core (56), a rear core (55) and a core pin (53). The front core (56) is fixed on the frame of the coil (2). The core pin (53) passes through the front core (56) and its tail end is threadedly connected to the rear core (55). The spring (54) is sleeved on the core pin (53) and its two ends abut against the front core (56) and the rear core (55) respectively. The locking pin (51) is fixed to the core pin (53).

5. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The core assembly (5) also includes a front baffle (52), and the locking pin (51) passes through the front baffle (52) and is fixed together with the core pin (53).

6. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The lock seat (7) is provided with an emergency unlocking hole (71). The front baffle (52) is correspondingly provided with the emergency unlocking hole (71). The emergency unlocking hole (71) is used to receive an emergency key to move the front baffle (52) so that the lock pin (51) is disengaged from the rod groove (10).

7. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary switch (8) includes an outer knob (81), an inner knob (82) and a connecting shaft (83). The connecting shaft (83) is rotatably connected to the housing (6) and its two ends are fixed to the outer knob (81) and the inner knob (82) respectively.

8. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The inner knob (82) is a right-angle structure. One right-angle side of the right-angle structure is fixed to the connecting shaft (83), and the other right-angle side is configured to trigger the micro switch (4) when rotating, and to keep pressing the micro switch (4) when it touches the locking rod.

9. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (83) is fitted with a torsion spring for resetting the rotary switch (8).

10. The outdoor electromagnetic lock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a circuit board (3), on which the micro switch (4) is integrated.

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