Resistance characteristic test method of nuclear power large indirect air cooling tower

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a resistance characteristic test method for a nuclear power large indirect air cooling tower. The method comprises the following steps: determining a geometric scale of an air cooling tower model according to the height of the air cooling tower model and the height of an air cooling tower prototype; wherein the geometric scale is used for determining parameters of all parts in the air cooling tower model, and the parameters of the parts comprise the section diameter of the tower bottom in the air cooling tower model; according to the section diameter, the section air speed and the section air volume of the tower bottom are determined; determining the total resistance of the air cooling tower model according to the section wind speed; determining the model of a fan in the air cooling tower model according to the section air volume and the total resistance; wherein when the fan is started, test conditions conforming to the section air volume and the total resistance can be provided for the air cooling tower model, so that a test result of the air cooling tower model is obtained. The method is used for testing the resistance characteristic of the air cooling tower in a limited space, so that the accurate resistance characteristic of the air cooling tower is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of air-cooled tower testing technology, and in particular to a method for testing the resistance characteristics of a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Indirect air-cooled towers are key equipment in the thermal system of nuclear power plants. Their function is to release the heat generated by the reactor into the environment through heat exchange between air and the cooling medium. In actual operation, the resistance characteristics of air-cooled towers directly affect the efficiency of heat exchange, energy consumption, and equipment lifespan.

[0003] However, due to limitations in testing conditions, it is difficult to accurately obtain resistance characteristic information of air-cooled towers under different operating conditions. In related technologies, resistance characteristic tests are conducted indoors, but due to the limitations of the indoor environment, the resistance characteristics obtained from the tests of air-cooled towers may be inaccurate.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that can conduct resistance characteristic tests on air-cooled towers within a limited space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The resistance characteristic test method for large indirect air-cooled towers in nuclear power plants provided in this application embodiment is used to conduct resistance characteristic tests of air-cooled towers in a confined space, thereby obtaining accurate resistance characteristics of the air-cooled towers.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for testing the resistance characteristics of a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants, including:

[0007] The geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the air-cooled tower model and the height of the air-cooled tower prototype. The height of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the indoor environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located. The geometric scale is used to determine the parameters of each component in the air-cooled tower model, including the cross-sectional diameter of the tower bottom in the air-cooled tower model.

[0008] Determine the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional diameter.

[0009] Determine the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional wind speed;

[0010] Based on the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance, the model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model is determined; wherein, when the fan starts up, it can provide the air-cooled tower model with test conditions that meet the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance, so as to obtain the test results of the air-cooled tower model; the test results are the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model under different wind speeds.

[0011] In one possible implementation, determining the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional diameter includes:

[0012] Based on the Reynolds number consistency criterion, the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of the tower is determined according to the cross-sectional diameter and the preset Reynolds number.

[0013] Determine the cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional diameter.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the cross-sectional wind speed, including:

[0015] Based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of the friction zone along the air-cooled tower model, determine the friction resistance.

[0016] Based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of a local area in the air-cooled tower model, the local resistance is determined;

[0017] The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the frictional resistance and local resistance.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the fan model in the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance, including:

[0019] Determine the fan air volume based on the cross-sectional air volume and the correction factor;

[0020] The total pressure of the fan is determined based on the total resistance and the correction factor;

[0021] The model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the fan air volume and the total fan pressure.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0023] Obtain the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located and the average wind speed of the flow section in the air-cooled tower model;

[0024] When the airflow in the air-cooled tower model is in the resistance square region, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model in the resistance square region is determined based on the average wind speed, air density, and total resistance coefficient of the resistance square region of the flow cross section, and is used as the total resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower prototype corresponding to the air-cooled tower model.

[0025] In one possible implementation, obtaining the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located includes:

[0026] Obtain the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located;

[0027] The air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located is determined based on the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure.

[0028] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a processing apparatus for the experimental process of an air-cooled tower model, comprising:

[0029] The first processing module is used to determine the geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model based on the height of the air-cooled tower model and the height of the air-cooled tower prototype. The height of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the indoor environment where the air-cooled tower model is located. The geometric scale is used to determine the parameters of each component in the air-cooled tower model, including the cross-sectional diameter of the tower bottom in the air-cooled tower model.

[0030] The second processing module is used to determine the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional diameter.

[0031] The second processing module is also used to determine the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional wind speed.

[0032] The third processing module is used to determine the model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance. When the fan starts up, it can provide the air-cooled tower model with test conditions that match the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance to obtain the test results of the air-cooled tower model. The test results are the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model under different wind speeds.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower are determined based on the cross-sectional diameter, and the second processing module is used for:

[0034] Based on the Reynolds number consistency criterion, the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of the tower is determined according to the cross-sectional diameter and the preset Reynolds number.

[0035] Determine the cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional diameter.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the cross-sectional wind speed, and the second processing module is used for:

[0037] Based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of the friction zone along the air-cooled tower model, determine the friction resistance.

[0038] Based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of a local area in the air-cooled tower model, the local resistance is determined;

[0039] The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the frictional resistance and local resistance.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the fan model in the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance. The third processing module is used for:

[0041] Determine the fan air volume based on the cross-sectional air volume and the correction factor;

[0042] The total pressure of the fan is determined based on the total resistance and the correction factor;

[0043] The model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the fan air volume and the total fan pressure.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the third processing module is further configured to:

[0045] Obtain the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located and the average wind speed of the flow section in the air-cooled tower model;

[0046] When the airflow in the air-cooled tower model is in the resistance square region, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model in the resistance square region is determined based on the average wind speed, air density, and total resistance coefficient of the resistance square region of the flow cross section, and is used as the total resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower prototype corresponding to the air-cooled tower model.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located is obtained, and the third processing module is used for:

[0048] Obtain the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located;

[0049] The air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located is determined based on the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure.

[0050] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0051] The memory stores instructions that the computer executes;

[0052] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in memory, causing the processor to perform the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect as described above.

[0053] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0054] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0055] The method for testing the resistance characteristics of a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application determines the geometric scale by the height difference between the prototype and the model of the air-cooled tower. Based on this geometric scale, the component parameters of all air-cooled tower models can be determined. The wind speed and air volume of the model are calculated based on the component parameters and the Reynolds number consistency criterion. The total resistance and cross-sectional air volume of the model inferred from the wind speed are then precisely matched to the fan model. This allows for the simulation of consistent resistance characteristics between the air-cooled tower model and the prototype within a limited indoor environment. Based on this, accurate test results of the air-cooled tower's resistance characteristics can be obtained. Attached Figure Description

[0056] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the test apparatus for an exemplary air-cooled tower model;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lifting mechanism;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lifting section;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary fan and its connecting parts;

[0061] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 1 ;

[0062] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 2 ;

[0063] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 3 ;

[0064] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 4 ;

[0065] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the test points on the air-cooled tower model;

[0066] Figure 10 A top view showing the location distribution of the measuring points on the straight pipe section of the air-cooled tower model;

[0067] Figure 11 A top view showing the location distribution of the measuring points on the tower cylinder of an air-cooled tower model;

[0068] Figure 12 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 5 ;

[0069] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the processing device for the test process of the air-cooled tower model provided in this application;

[0070] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application.

[0071] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0072] 10-Support frame; 20-Tower; 30-Straight pipe section; 40-Lifting section; 50-Lifting mechanism; 60-Fan; 70-Air duct; 80-Hose;

[0073] 21-Throat; 22-Throat flange; 23-Triangular orifice plate; 24-X-post; 25-Angled annular surface;

[0074] 41-Inner cylinder; 42-Outer cylinder; 43-Telescopic sleeve;

[0075] 51-Elevator; 52-Motor; 53-Reducer; 54-Connecting rod; 55-Upright frame;

[0076] 81-Inner liner; 82-Sleeve;

[0077] 130 - Processing device for the test process of the air-cooled tower model; 1301 - First processing module; 1302 - Second processing module; 1303 - Third processing module;

[0078] 140 - Electronic device; 1401 - Processor; 1402 - Memory; 1403 - Communication component; 1404 - Bus.

[0079] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0080] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0081] First, let me explain the terms used in this application:

[0082] Air-cooled towers are heat exchange devices that use air as the cooling medium, achieving cooling through heat exchange between air and a hot fluid. For example, air-cooled towers can include indirect air-cooled towers and direct air-cooled towers. Taking an indirect air-cooled tower as an example, the hot fluid exchanges heat with the air through an intermediate medium (such as circulating water). Indirect air-cooled towers can be applied to the conventional island of nuclear power plants, employing a secondary circulation cooling technology, using air as the cold source and closed-loop circulating water as the intermediate medium.

[0083] Air-cooled tower prototype: refers to the air-cooled tower used in actual production; air-cooled tower model: refers to the experimental air-cooled tower built based on the air-cooled tower model. The parameters of each component in the corresponding air-cooled tower can be obtained by scaling the air-cooled tower model and prototype using a geometric scale.

[0084] Cross-sectional diameter: This refers to the diameter of the circular cross-section at different heights of the air-cooled tower. The key focus is on the cross-sectional diameter at the base and the throat.

[0085] Cross-sectional wind speed: refers to the average flow velocity of air passing through the air inlet cross-section at the bottom of the air-cooled tower, reflecting the air inlet intensity.

[0086] Cross-sectional air volume: refers to the total volume of air passing through the air intake section at the bottom of the tower per unit time.

[0087] Total resistance in an air-cooled tower model refers to the total energy loss encountered by air as it flows through the air-cooled tower. This is caused by air resistance between the air and the tower's components.

[0088] Resistance characteristics: These are the characteristics used to characterize the total resistance of an air-cooled tower under different wind speeds.

[0089] In the thermal system of a nuclear power plant, the air-cooled tower, as a key piece of equipment, discharges the heat generated by the reactor into the environment through heat exchange between air and the cooling medium. The resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower directly affect heat exchange efficiency, energy consumption control, and equipment lifespan. For example, under low-temperature conditions in winter, excessive resistance of the air-cooled tower may lead to insufficient cooling medium flow, thereby affecting the safe operation of the reactor; while under high-temperature conditions in summer, excessively low resistance may fail to effectively dissipate heat, leading to system overheating. Therefore, accurately understanding the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower under different wind speeds and temperatures is crucial for optimizing design and improving operational efficiency. However, the actual size of air-cooled towers is typically hundreds of meters, and experimental research on the resistance characteristics of air-cooled towers must be conducted within a limited space. Generally, indirect air-cooled towers in the thermal system of a nuclear power plant occupy a large area; therefore, the practical application of this application's embodiments is a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants.

[0090] In some indoor testing environments, the height is only tens of meters. Due to the limitations of the indoor environment, the resistance characteristics obtained from the air-cooled tower resistance characteristic test may be inaccurate. Specifically, this may be due to problems such as inappropriate selection of the air-cooled tower model scale, inaccurate calculation of the air velocity or air volume of the air-cooled tower model, or unreasonable fan selection, which may lead to inaccurate resistance characteristics in the test results and deviation from reality.

[0091] Therefore, how to construct a reasonably proportioned air-cooled tower model within a limited space and simulate the resistance characteristics of the prototype air-cooled tower through scientific experimental methods has become a pressing technical challenge. The prototype air-cooled tower is the aforementioned practical application object, namely, a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants.

[0092] The method for testing the drag characteristics of a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application determines the geometric scale by comparing the height between the prototype and the model of the air-cooled tower. Based on this geometric scale, the component parameters of all air-cooled tower models can be determined. The wind speed and air volume of the model are calculated based on the component parameters and the Reynolds number consistency criterion. The total drag and cross-sectional air volume of the model inferred from the wind speed are then precisely matched to the fan model. This allows for the simulation of consistent drag characteristics between the air-cooled tower model and the prototype within a limited indoor environment. Based on this, accurate test results of the drag characteristics of the air-cooled tower can be obtained.

[0093] The technical solution of this application and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0094] First, the experimental setup for the air-cooled tower model will be introduced. Figure 1 Here is a structural diagram of the test apparatus for an exemplary air-cooled tower model, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a support frame 10, a tower 20, a straight pipe section 30, an air duct 70, and a fan 60. Based on the actual test environment conditions, due to the limited indoor room height, and considering the total height of the tower 20 and the straight pipe section 30, the fan 60 is not suitable for vertical suspension. At the same time, due to the frequency and amplitude of the fan 60's vibration, in order to improve its safety, it is placed outdoors and grounded.

[0095] The support frame 10, tower 20, straight pipe section 30, and most of the air ducts 70 are all located indoors. The support frame 10, installed on the ground, ensures the consistency and stability of the tower height adjustment. The support frame 10 is used to support the straight pipe section 30, which is integrally connected to the tower 20, and to ground the cooling triangular perforated plate 23 below the tower 20.

[0096] Meanwhile, a lifting mechanism 50 for controlling the height of the tower 20 and the straight pipe section 30 is also installed on the support frame 10. The lifting mechanism 50 is connected to the top of the straight pipe section 30. A sealed and movable lifting section 40 is also installed between the straight pipe section 30 and the inlet of the duct 70. The lifting mechanism 50 can drive the tower 20 to rise or fall through the straight pipe section 30, and the lifting section 40 can automatically extend and retract to adjust the height between the duct 70 and the straight pipe section 30, thereby adjusting the inlet height of the tower 20.

[0097] Specifically, the tower 20 rests on the ground via X-columns 24. Cooling triangular perforated plates 23 are installed on the outer side of the X-columns 24, and the X-columns 24 are connected to the triangular perforated plates 23 via inclined annular surfaces 25. The tower 20 is entirely housed within the support frame 10, and a portion of the straight pipe section 30 is also housed within the support frame 10. The throat 21 of the tower 20 is fixedly connected to the lower flange of the straight pipe section 30 via a throat flange 22, and the upper flange of the straight pipe section 30 is directly fixedly connected to the lower flange of the lifting section 40. Simultaneously, the upper flange of the straight pipe section 30 is mounted on the support frame 10 via a lifting mechanism 50. The lifting mechanism can lift a portion of the straight pipe section 30 extending from the support frame 10, thereby causing the tower 20 to move upwards and adjusting the height of the air inlet at the bottom of the tower. This allows for monitoring of the resistance characteristics at different air inlet heights.

[0098] Furthermore, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lifting mechanism. Figure 2 As shown, the support frame 10 is a hollow frame structure with its four legs fixedly installed on a horizontal surface. The straight pipe section 30 passes through the top frame of the support frame 10 and is supported and controlled by the lifting mechanism 50. The lifting mechanism 50 includes several worm gear screw jacks 51 and a motor 52. All jacks 51 are interconnected by connecting rods 54 and are arranged around the periphery of the straight pipe section 30. The base of the jack 51 is fixed to the support frame 10, and its screw end has a T-shaped top plate structure. This T-shaped top plate is directly abutted against the lower end face of the top flange of the straight pipe section 30.

[0099] Both the lower flange in the straight pipe section 30 and the flange at the tower throat are circular. To facilitate the fixing of the four T-shaped top plates, the upper flange in the straight pipe section 30 has a square structure. Each hoist 51 is also equipped with a reducer 53 to synchronously adjust the lifting speed of the four hoists 51; the four hoists 51 share a single motor 52. The motor drives the connecting rod 54 to rotate via the reducer 53, thereby driving all hoists 51 to lift and lower synchronously, thus allowing for better control of the horizontality and stability of the upper flange's upward movement in the straight pipe section 30.

[0100] Optionally, a stand 55 for fixing position sensors is also provided on the support frame 10. The stand 55 is configured on the side near the lifting mechanism 50, preferably on the side of the support frame 10 near the motor 52. Position sensors for monitoring the highest and lowest limits of the movement of the upper flange of the straight pipe section 30 are provided on the stand 55, and the position sensor at the highest position is configured above the top of the straight pipe section 30.

[0101] The lifting section 40 is constructed as a sealed movable structure that can be lifted and adjusted. Its upper end is connected to the air inlet of the air duct 70, and its lower end is connected to the top surface of the straight pipe section 30.

[0102] Furthermore, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lifting section. Figure 3 As shown, the lifting section 40 includes an inner cylinder 41 and an outer cylinder 42 arranged in a cross configuration, and a sealing telescopic sleeve 43 surrounding the outer cylinder 42. The inner cylinder 41 has its opening facing upwards, and its lower end is directly fixed to the top flange of the straight pipe section and connected to it. The outer cylinder 42 has its opening facing downwards, and its upper end is connected to the air inlet flange of the suspended duct. The inner cylinder 41 and outer cylinder 42, arranged in a cross configuration, can adjust to the positional changes of the straight pipe section during lifting. By overlapping the inner and outer cylinders 41 and 42, the distance between the straight pipe section and the duct can be shortened without affecting the overall structure. The telescopic sleeve 43 is a sealed structure, with its two ends connected to the top flange of the straight pipe section and the air inlet flange of the duct, respectively, ensuring the sealing of the lifting section 40 between the straight pipe section and the duct during upward adjustment.

[0103] Due to indoor height limitations in the installation environment, the fan cannot be directly installed above the lifting section. Furthermore, the significant vibration of the fan poses a substantial safety risk if fixed to the top of the lifting section. To reduce indoor noise and facilitate ambient temperature monitoring, the fan is placed outdoors and secured to the ground using a fan bracket. In this embodiment, only the fan is located outdoors; the support frame, tower, straight duct section, lifting section, lifting mechanism, and some ductwork are located indoors. The ductwork connects the lifting section to the fan via multiple corner connectors and straight pipes.

[0104] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary fan and its connecting parts. Figure 4As shown, at the connection between the exhaust port of the duct and the fan 60, a flexible hose 80 is used to connect the duct and the fan 60 to reduce the impact of fan 60 vibration on the airflow at the exhaust port. The flexible hose 80 includes an inner liner 81 and a flexible connecting sleeve 82. The left side of the inner liner 81 has a flange that connects directly to the exhaust port flange of the duct, while its right side is an overhang that inserts directly into the fan inlet. Thus, the duct connects to the fan 60's air inlet through the inner liner 81. The sleeve 82 is a telescopic accordion fabric, with its two ends fixed to the flange at the end of the duct and the flange on the fan 60, respectively. In other words, the flexible connecting sleeve 82 connects the duct and the fan 60 outside the inner liner 81, forming a shock-absorbing buffer section. This ensures the safety of the connection between the duct and the fan 60 and extends the service life of the duct.

[0105] In the above Figures 1 to 4 Based on this, the embodiments of this application provide a test method for the resistance characteristics of a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants. Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 1 ,like Figure 5 As shown, the method includes:

[0106] Step 501. Determine the geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model based on the height of the air-cooled tower model and the height of the air-cooled tower prototype.

[0107] The height of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the indoor environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located; the geometric scale is used to determine the parameters of each component in the air-cooled tower model, including the cross-sectional diameter of the tower bottom in the air-cooled tower model.

[0108] For example, the height of the air-cooled tower model can be selected based on experience, taking into account the height of the indoor environment where the model is located. Furthermore, based on the height of the air-cooled tower prototype... This allows us to determine the geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model.

[0109] The geometric scale can be calculated using the following formula (1):

[0110] (1)

[0111] In the above formula (1), The geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model. This refers to the height of the prototype air-cooled tower, in meters (m). The height of the air-cooled tower model is in meters (m).

[0112] Optionally, when selecting the actual height of the air-cooled tower model, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the spatial height of the test site, the processing and manufacturing of the model, the placement of the observation instruments, and the installation conditions of the fan equipment.

[0113] In combination with the above Figures 1 to 4 As can be seen from the exemplary description, there are different components in the air-cooled tower model. Optionally, the parameters of each component in the air-cooled tower model can be obtained according to the geometric scale, such as the height and dimensions of the tower cylinder, the dimensions of the straight pipe section, and the cross-sectional diameter of the tower bottom in the air-cooled tower model.

[0114] Step 502. Determine the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional diameter.

[0115] For example, the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of an air-cooled tower model can be determined based on the Reynolds formula. The Reynolds formula states that the product of the cross-sectional wind speed and the cross-sectional diameter, divided by the air viscosity coefficient, is a constant, i.e., the Reynolds number. Using the Reynolds formula, given a selected Reynolds number and a known air viscosity coefficient, the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of the tower can be determined using the cross-sectional diameter.

[0116] Furthermore, given the wind speed at the base of the tower, the cross-sectional air volume can be calculated based on the cross-sectional diameter and wind speed. The specific calculation formula can be found in the explanations provided in the embodiments below.

[0117] Step 503. Determine the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional wind speed.

[0118] For example, the total resistance of an air-cooled tower model refers to the total resistance value generated by the combined effects of friction resistance and local resistance during airflow. Optionally, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model can be obtained by weighted summation of friction resistance and local resistance.

[0119] Specifically, components in the air-cooled tower model that generate local resistance are denoted as local components. First, the reference wind speed of each local component is determined. Then, based on the local resistance coefficient and the reference wind speed, the local resistance of each local component is calculated. Finally, the local resistance of each local component is summed to obtain the local resistance of the air-cooled tower model.

[0120] Specifically, components that generate friction resistance in an air-cooled tower model typically include: finned tube bundles, tower wake-up channels, and other uniform flow channels. The friction resistance is calculated for each component separately, and then summed to obtain the friction resistance of the air-cooled tower model.

[0121] Finally, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is obtained by summing the local resistance and the friction resistance.

[0122] Step 504. Determine the fan model in the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance.

[0123] Among them, when the fan starts up, it can provide the air-cooled tower model with test conditions that match the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance, so as to obtain the test results of the air-cooled tower model; the test results are the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model under different wind speeds.

[0124] For example, based on the calculated airflow and total resistance, the model of the fan used to provide the test conditions in the air-cooled tower model is determined. For instance, the determined fan model indicates that the fan's rated airflow and total pressure need to be greater than the cross-sectional airflow and total resistance calculated in the above steps.

[0125] It is understandable that by starting the fan, the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model can be tested, and the test results of the air-cooled tower model can be obtained. Specifically, the test results obtained are the resistance characteristics exhibited by the air-cooled tower model at different wind speeds, that is, the numerical value of the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model at different wind speeds.

[0126] Optionally, based on the drag characteristics of the air-cooled tower model at different wind speeds, the drag characteristics of the air-cooled tower prototype at different wind speeds can be inferred.

[0127] The resistance characteristic testing method for large-scale indirect air-cooled towers in nuclear power plants provided in this application determines the geometric scale by the height difference between the prototype and the model of the air-cooled tower. Based on the geometric scale, the component parameters of all air-cooled tower models can be determined, ensuring that the key parameters of the air-cooled tower model are similar to those of the prototype, thus avoiding flow distortion caused by unreasonable compression ratios. The wind speed and air volume of the model are calculated based on the component parameters and the Reynolds number consistency criterion. The total resistance and cross-sectional air volume of the model inferred from the wind speed are then precisely matched to the fan model. This allows for the simulation of consistent resistance characteristics between the air-cooled tower model and the prototype within a limited indoor environment. The air-cooled tower model retains the geometric and flow characteristics of the prototype, improving the reliability of the test results.

[0128] In addition, the total resistance calculation provides accurate data for subsequent fan selection, ensuring that the test conditions of the air-cooled tower model are consistent with the working conditions of the air-cooled tower prototype.

[0129] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 2 ,like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 5 Based on the illustrated embodiment, the process of determining the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume according to the cross-sectional diameter in step 502 is described in detail. The method includes:

[0130] Step 601. Based on the Reynolds number consistency criterion, determine the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of the tower according to the cross-sectional diameter and the preset Reynolds number.

[0131] For example, the Reynolds number consistency criterion refers to ensuring that the airflow conditions between the air-cooled tower model and the air-cooled tower prototype are similar by keeping their Reynolds numbers consistent.

[0132] For example, if the Reynolds number of the prototype air-cooled tower is... Then the Reynolds number of the air-cooled tower model also needs to be... .

[0133] It should be noted that when the Reynolds number of the air-cooled tower model... Exceed Subsequently, the airflow enters the resistance square region, where its flow pattern and velocity distribution are similar to those in the prototype air-cooled tower. Therefore, based on the similarity characteristics of the air-cooled tower flow state, a preset Reynolds number is set to [value missing]. .

[0134] Furthermore, the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of the air-cooled tower model can be calculated using the Reynolds formula. The Reynolds formula is shown in the following formula (2):

[0135] (2)

[0136] In formula (2), This is the cross-sectional diameter of the bottom of the air-cooled tower model, in meters (m). The cross-sectional wind speed of the air-cooled tower model is expressed in m / s. The coefficient of air viscosity, in units of... ; Let be the Reynolds number, and let its value be . .

[0137] It is understandable that, based on formula (2), given a fixed Reynolds number and the known air viscosity coefficient, the cross-sectional wind speed can be determined according to the cross-sectional diameter. If the Reynolds number of the air-cooled tower model is consistent with that of the air-cooled tower prototype, then the airflow characteristics of the air-cooled tower model will be consistent with those of the air-cooled tower prototype.

[0138] Step 602. Determine the cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional diameter.

[0139] For example, the cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the air-cooled tower model can be calculated using the following formula (3):

[0140] (3)

[0141] In formula (3), This refers to the cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the air-cooled tower model, in units of... ;, This is the cross-sectional diameter of the bottom of the air-cooled tower model, in meters (m). The cross-sectional wind speed of the air-cooled tower model is expressed in m / s.

[0142] In the above embodiments, the cross-sectional wind speed and air volume at the bottom of the tower are calculated based on the Reynolds number consistency criterion, which can solve the problem of inconsistent flow states between the air-cooled tower model and the air-cooled tower prototype. Specifically, the Reynolds number consistency criterion ensures that the flow state of the air-cooled tower model is consistent with that of the air-cooled tower prototype. This improves the reliability of the experimental results of the air-cooled tower model and provides more realistic flow characteristic data for design optimization.

[0143] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 3 ,like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 5 Based on the illustrated embodiment, the process of determining the total resistance according to the cross-sectional diameter in step 503 will be described in detail. This method includes:

[0144] Step 701. Determine the friction resistance based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of the friction zone in the air-cooled tower model.

[0145] Step 702. Determine the local resistance based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of the local area of ​​the air-cooled tower model.

[0146] Step 703. Determine the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model based on the friction resistance and local resistance.

[0147] For example, frictional resistance refers to the resistance generated by the friction between air and the pipe wall when air flows through a straight pipe component, resulting in the gradual loss of fluid energy, which is related to the length of the flow path.

[0148] For example, local resistance is the energy loss caused by the change in the flow pattern of air when it passes through local obstruction components, such as sections with different diameters, bends, or inlets and outlets, and it is independent of the length of the flow path.

[0149] The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model can be calculated using the following formula (4):

[0150] (4)

[0151] In formula (4), Total resistance, in Pa; Indicates the distance along the i-th segment; This indicates a local location at position j. The length of the i-th segment along the airflow direction is in meters. is the characteristic length of the cross-section of the i-th segment of vertical airflow, in meters. The average wind speed of the flow section used to calculate the friction loss along the i-th segment is expressed in m / s. The average wind speed of the flow section used to calculate the local resistance at point j is expressed in m / s. Air density, unit: ; It is the friction coefficient along the i-th segment, also known as the friction coefficient. Let be the local drag coefficient at point j.

[0152] It is understandable that the structural information of the friction region in the air-cooled tower model can include: , as well as The cross-sectional wind speed can be used as the value in formula (4) above. .

[0153] It is understandable that the structural information of a local region in an air-cooled tower model can include: The cross-sectional wind speed can be used as the value in formula (4) above. .

[0154] Based on formula (4), the first part of formula (4) can be understood as calculating the friction resistance for different parts of the air-cooled tower model and then summing them; the second part of formula (4) can be understood as calculating the local resistance for different parts of the air-cooled tower model and then summing them. Finally, the friction resistance and the local resistance obtained by summing are summed to obtain the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model.

[0155] It should be noted that steps 701 and 702 above can be executed simultaneously or sequentially, and the order of execution is not limited.

[0156] In the above embodiments, the total resistance is calculated item by item, thus solving the problem of inaccurate calculation of the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model caused by empirical formulas or linear proportional relationships in traditional embodiments. This improves the targeting of the fan selection in the air-cooled tower model, ensuring that the fan can meet the test requirements and improving the matching between the fan model and the air-cooled tower model and test requirements.

[0157] Based on the above embodiments, the total pressure and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the air-cooled tower model are the bare-metal operating parameters. If these parameters are directly used to select the fan model, it may result in the failure to meet the test wind speed requirements.

[0158] Figure 8A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 4 ,like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 7 Based on the illustrated embodiment, the process of correcting the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance is described in detail. This method includes:

[0159] Step 801. Determine the fan air volume based on the cross-sectional air volume and the correction coefficient.

[0160] For example, the fan air volume can be calculated using the following formula (5):

[0161] Fan air volume = K × cross-sectional air volume (5)

[0162] In formula (5), K is the correction coefficient, which can be a constant between 1.5 and 2.

[0163] Step 802. Determine the total pressure of the fan based on the total resistance and correction factor.

[0164] For example, the total pressure of the fan can be calculated using the following formula (6):

[0165] Total fan pressure = K × total pressure (6)

[0166] In formula (6), K is the correction coefficient, which can be a constant between 1.5 and 2.

[0167] Step 803. Determine the fan model in the air-cooled tower model based on the fan air volume and total fan pressure.

[0168] For example, the fan model in the air-cooled tower model is determined by using the corrected fan air volume and total fan pressure as the rated air volume and rated total pressure represented in the fan model.

[0169] In the above example, the total pressure is adjusted by a correction factor to address the impact of environmental parameter disturbances on the test results of the air-cooled tower model. This further improves the stability of the test results of the air-cooled tower model and provides reliable support for design verification under extreme operating conditions.

[0170] Based on any of the foregoing embodiments, the air-cooled tower model and the selected fan can be combined with... Figures 1 to 4 The test apparatus for the air-cooled tower, as shown in the diagram, is used to test the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model.

[0171] Optionally, the cross-sectional diameter of the throat of the air-cooled tower model can be determined based on the geometric scale; then, the duct size can be determined based on the throat cross-sectional diameter. When the duct diameter is inconsistent with the inlet size of the fan, a variable diameter flexible hose can be connected to the duct to the fan.

[0172] The air-cooled tower consists of a triangular orifice plate, an X-column, an inclined torus, and a tower cylinder. In the model test, each component of the air-cooled tower model must be installed to scale. The model was scaled down. The cooling triangular perforated plate, X-column, inclined plate ring, and tower cylinder were assembled sequentially to form the air-cooled tower model. All component connections were sealed using welding or sealant to ensure the model's airtightness. For ease of observation, the tower cylinder was made of colorless, transparent acrylic glass, and a flange was installed at the tower outlet for convenient connection to the testing system.

[0173] To minimize the impact of external environmental factors such as wind and objects on the experimental research, the experimental model was installed inside the experimental hall, and the air-cooled tower model was placed on a horizontal ground.

[0174] When constructing the air-cooled tower model, an automatically adjustable straight pipe section structure was selected. A lifting mechanism controls the straight pipe section, causing the tower cylinder, which is integrally connected to the straight pipe section, to rise or fall, thus adjusting the tower inlet height. Each time the tower base height is adjusted, an X-column of the appropriate height needs to be re-fixed. Based on the position of the triangular perforated plate, the X-column is then fixed using an inclined plate ring. Furthermore, due to environmental installation constraints, the fan is chosen for a floor-mounted placement.

[0175] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the test points on the air-cooled tower model. (Example:) Figure 9 As shown, several measuring holes are also constructed on the walls of the tower 20 and the straight pipe section 30; when testing the resistance of the air-cooled tower model, the test parameters include the static pressure and wind speed of the tower wall at these measuring hole locations, as well as the atmospheric pressure, dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature in the environment.

[0176] The main environmental meteorological parameters measured were atmospheric pressure, dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature. One to two measuring points were set near the air-cooled tower model to measure these parameters. Atmospheric pressure was measured using a digital barometer, while dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures were measured using an Assmann mechanical ventilation hygrometer. Air density was obtained by measuring these environmental meteorological parameters. The barometers used had an error of 2.0 hPa, and the Assmann mechanical ventilation hygrometers had an error of ±0.2℃.

[0177] Figure 10 This is a top view showing the location distribution of the borehole points on the straight pipe section of the air-cooled tower model. (Example:) Figure 10 As shown, on any test section 1-1 of the straight pipe section 30 in the air-cooled tower model, four evenly distributed test points are selected. Based on the diameter of the straight pipe section 30, n equal-area rings are reasonably set. The test points of n equal-area rings between two adjacent vertical test points are taken as the test points of the air-cooled tower model outlet pressure.

[0178] Figure 11This is a top view showing the location distribution of the measuring points on the tower shell of an air-cooled tower model. (Example:) Figure 11 As shown, in the air-cooled tower model, four test sections are selected sequentially from top to bottom along the height direction of the tower cylinder 20: section 2-2, section 3-3, section 4-4, and section 5-5. Four measuring points are taken on each test section, resulting in a total of 16 measuring points: 8 static pressure measuring points (1-8) and 8 wind speed measuring points (1-8). The projections of all measuring points on these four test sections are evenly spaced, meaning that on the projection diagram, the static pressure measuring points and wind speed measuring points are spaced apart and evenly distributed. The projection diagrams of all measuring points on the tower cylinder 20 are shown below. Figure 11 As shown; based on all the measuring points on this cross section, the oncoming wind speed and static pressure of the tower wall at each cross section can be obtained.

[0179] Based on this, Figure 12 A flowchart illustrating the resistance characteristic test method for a large indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants provided in this application. Figure 5 ,like Figure 12 As shown, the method also includes:

[0180] Step 1201. Obtain the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located and the average wind speed of the flow section in the air-cooled tower model.

[0181] For example, air density and average wind speed at the flow cross-section can be obtained. Air density is calculated from atmospheric pressure measured by a digital atmospheric pressure gauge on the air-cooled tower model, and from dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures measured by an Assmann mechanical ventilation hygrometer on the air-cooled tower model.

[0182] Furthermore, the average wind speed across the flow cross-section in the air-cooled tower model is obtained by averaging the face wind speeds of different cross-sections. These different cross-sections are combined with the aforementioned... Figure 9 As shown, the different cross-sections on the air-cooled tower model include section 1-1 on the straight pipe section 30, section 2-2, section 3-3, section 4-4 and section 5-5 on the tower 20.

[0183] Multiple measuring points are located on each cross-section, arranged in an equal-area ring pattern. The distance between each measuring point on the equal-area ring and the center of the air-cooled tower can be calculated using the following formula (7):

[0184] (7)

[0185] In formula (7), The distance from the nth measuring point to the center of the air-cooled tower is in meters. The radius of the section where the borehole point is located is in meters. The test point number is the one measured from the center of the air-cooled tower. The number of rings with equal area.

[0186] Taking section 1-1 on the straight pipe section as an example, the total pressure and the static pressure of the tower wall at the equal-area ring test points of section 1-1 of the straight pipe section are respectively , The wind speed at each equal-area ring test point is With two measuring holes, there are a total of 2n measuring points. The average wind speed of the straight pipe section can be calculated, which is the plane wind speed at the throat of the air-cooled tower. .

[0187] Specifically, it can be calculated using the following formula (8):

[0188] (8)

[0189] In formula (8), The total pressure at the i-th measuring point on section 1-1 is expressed in Pa. The static pressure of the tower wall at section 1-1 is expressed in Pa. Air density, unit: ; The test point number is the one measured from the center of the air-cooled tower. The wind speed at the throat of the air-cooled tower is expressed in m / s.

[0190] Based on formula (8), the average total pressure at section 1-1 of the straight pipe section can be calculated using the following formula (9):

[0191] (9)

[0192] In formula (9), The average total pressure at section 1-1 is expressed in Pa. The total pressure at the i-th measuring point on section 1-1 is expressed in Pa. This refers to the number of the borehole points, counting from the center of the air-cooled tower.

[0193] The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is measured at section 1-1 in the straight pipe section. The total resistance is atmospheric pressure minus the average total pressure of all measuring points on section 1-1. If atmospheric pressure is recorded as 0, then the total resistance = -the average total pressure of all measuring points on section 1-1.

[0194] Furthermore, the resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower inlet to the straight pipe section 1-1 It can be calculated using the following formula (10):

[0195] (10)

[0196] In formula (10), Since the total pressure of the windless section around the air inlet of the air-cooled tower is atmospheric pressure, it can be set to 0. Air density, unit: ; The wind speed at section 1-1 of the straight pipe is given in m / s. The throat area of ​​the air-cooled tower, in units of... ; The windward surface area of ​​the air-cooled tower is expressed in units of... . The drag coefficient is expressed as the headwind speed.

[0197] In formula (10), the oncoming wind speed at section 1-1 of the straight pipe is calculated based on the plane wind speed at the throat of the air-cooled tower, the throat area of ​​the air-cooled tower, and the oncoming surface area, as shown in formula (11):

[0198] (11)

[0199] In formula (11), The face wind speed at section 1-1 of the straight pipe section is expressed in m / s. The throat area of ​​the air-cooled tower, in units of... ; The windward surface area of ​​the air-cooled tower is expressed in units of... The oncoming wind speed at section 1-1 of the straight pipe can be calculated using formula (11).

[0200] Combination Figure 9 As can be seen, in the air-cooled tower model, four test sections are selected sequentially from top to bottom along the height direction of the tower section 20: section 2-2, section 3-3, section 4-4, and section 5-5. Four measuring points are taken on each test section, resulting in a total of 16 measuring points: 8 for tower wall static pressure (1-8) and 8 for wind speed (1-8). The projections of all measuring points on these four test sections are evenly spaced, meaning that on the projection diagram, the tower wall static pressure measuring points and wind speed measuring points are spaced apart and evenly distributed. Based on all the measuring points on these sections, the oncoming wind speed and tower wall static pressure at each section inside the tower can be obtained. Sections 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, and 5-5 are mainly used to test the velocity distribution inside the tower. The calculation process for the oncoming wind speed and tower wall static pressure for each section (sections 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, and 5-5) can be referenced from the calculation process for section 1-1.

[0201] Furthermore, by averaging the face velocities calculated from sections 1-1, 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, and 5-5, the average wind speed of the flow sections in the air-cooled tower model can be obtained. Specifically, the calculation process for the face velocities of the remaining sections may include: according to the process shown in formula (8), calculating the plane wind speed of the remaining sections based on the total pressure and static pressure of the tower wall measured at the measuring points on the remaining sections; and then using the cross-sectional area of ​​the remaining sections as... Combined with the windward area of ​​the air-cooled tower Based on the process shown in formula (11), the oncoming wind speed of the remaining sections is calculated.

[0202] Step 1202. When the airflow in the air-cooled tower model is in the resistance square region, determine the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model in the resistance square region based on the average wind speed, air density and total resistance coefficient of the resistance square region of the flow section, and use it as the total resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower prototype corresponding to the air-cooled tower model.

[0203] For example, testing the drag of an air-cooled tower model mainly involves testing its drag characteristics under different wind speeds and calculating the drag coefficient of the air-cooled tower model at different wind speeds. As the wind speed increases, the Reynolds number of the air inside the air-cooled tower model exceeds... When the airflow inside the tower enters the square resistance zone, the resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower model gradually stabilizes.

[0204] Euler number This reflects the relative relationship between the pressure drop and the dynamic head in the flow field, and embodies the magnitude of the momentum loss rate during the flow process. For example, the Euler number can be expressed as follows (12):

[0205] (12)

[0206] In formula (12), This represents the pressure drop during airflow, expressed in Pa. The characteristic velocity of airflow, measured in m / s; Air density, unit: ; is the flow field drag coefficient.

[0207] Euler number It can be represented as the Reynolds number. The function, i.e. Therefore, when the flow fields of the model and the prototype satisfy Reynolds similarity, the Euler similarity criterion will be automatically satisfied. Thus, when the airflow inside the air-cooled tower model enters the square-resistance region, the calculated total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is the same as the total resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower prototype.

[0208] When the airflow in the air-cooled tower model is in the square-resistance region, i.e., the Reynolds number is greater than or equal to... The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is calculated using the following formula (13):

[0209] (13)

[0210] In formula (13), The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model in the square resistance region is expressed in Pa. Air density, unit: ; This represents the total drag coefficient in the drag square region; denoted as the average wind speed across the flow cross section in the resistance square zone.

[0211] In the above embodiments, after selecting a fan that meets the test requirements in the aforementioned embodiments, the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model can be tested to obtain the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model, and then the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower prototype can be mapped.

[0212] Based on the above embodiments, in one example, the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located can be calculated through the following steps:

[0213] Obtain the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located;

[0214] The air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located is determined based on the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure.

[0215] For example, one or two measuring points are set near the air-cooled tower model to measure its environmental meteorological parameters. These parameters include the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located. Atmospheric pressure is measured using a digital barometer, and the dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures are measured using an Assmann mechanical ventilation hygrometer. Air density is obtained by measuring these environmental meteorological parameters. The barometer is used (error 2.0 hPa), and the Assmann mechanical ventilation hygrometer is used (error ±0.2°C).

[0216] Before testing, the instruments need to be calibrated, including the barometer, Assmann mechanical ventilation hygrometer, hot-wire anemometer, and pressure measuring device. Next, the testing instruments are installed, including placing the barometer and Assmann mechanical ventilation hygrometer in a undisturbed area around the test site, and placing a Pitot tube at the measuring point with the measuring orifice facing the direction of the incoming flow. The Pitot tube is connected to the micromanometer via a flexible hose to measure the total and static pressure at the measuring point. The airtightness is then checked to prevent leaks from affecting the pressure measurement. Finally, the equipment is inspected to zero the pressure measuring device before turning on the blower.

[0217] Optionally, during testing, resistance tests can be performed on the air-cooled tower according to different testing requirements. These tests can cover the resistance characteristics of the tower itself, the tower with inclined plate rings, the tower with inclined plate rings and X-columns, and the tower with inclined plate rings, X-columns, and cooling triangular perforated plates. The fan frequency range during testing is from 5Hz to its maximum frequency, with each 5Hz interval constituting a test condition.

[0218] Specifically, air density can be calculated using the following formula (14):

[0219] (14)

[0220] In formula (14), Air density, unit: ; Atmospheric pressure, unit: Pa; This is the wet-bulb temperature, expressed in J / (kg·℃). This is the dry-bulb temperature, expressed in °C.

[0221] In the above example, the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located can be accurately determined based on the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure. This lays the foundation for obtaining accurate experimental results as the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower prototype in subsequent experiments on the model.

[0222] The resistance characteristic testing method for large-scale indirect air-cooled towers in nuclear power plants provided in this application determines the geometric scale by the height difference between the prototype and the model of the air-cooled tower. Based on the geometric scale, the component parameters of all air-cooled tower models can be determined, ensuring that the key parameters of the air-cooled tower model are similar to those of the prototype, thus avoiding flow distortion caused by unreasonable compression ratios. The wind speed and air volume of the model are calculated based on the component parameters and the Reynolds number consistency criterion. The total resistance and cross-sectional air volume of the model inferred from the wind speed are then precisely matched to the fan model. This allows for the simulation of consistent resistance characteristics between the air-cooled tower model and the prototype within a limited indoor environment. The air-cooled tower model retains the geometric and flow characteristics of the prototype, improving the reliability of the test results.

[0223] In addition, the total resistance calculation provides accurate data for subsequent fan selection, ensuring that the test conditions of the air-cooled tower model are consistent with the working conditions of the air-cooled tower prototype.

[0224] By using the Reynolds number consistency criterion, the flow state of the air-cooled tower model can be guaranteed to be consistent with that of the prototype air-cooled tower. This improves the reliability of the experimental results of the air-cooled tower model and provides more realistic flow characteristic data for design optimization. By calculating the total resistance in separate components, the selection of the fan in the air-cooled tower model is improved, ensuring that the fan meets the test requirements and enhancing the matching between the fan model and the test requirements. Adjusting the total pressure using a correction coefficient addresses the impact of environmental parameter disturbances on the experimental results of the air-cooled tower model. This further improves the stability of the experimental results of the air-cooled tower model and provides reliable support for design verification under extreme operating conditions.

[0225] In addition, it truly reflects the airflow characteristics inside the tower, which not only solves the problem of limited indoor environment height during the test, but also avoids the impact of fan vibration and fan outlet air backflow on the accuracy of the air-cooled tower model test; the simulation test is not only realistic and reliable, but also has good controllability and high reproducibility of simulation results.

[0226] Consistent with the air intake method of the air-cooled tower prototype, the bottom of the air-cooled tower is placed on the ground. The model can be raised and lowered smoothly and efficiently by means of the lifting mechanism and lifting section. This test device is not only accurate and reliable but also easy to operate. It can not only adjust the height of various air inlets but also facilitate the replacement of model components.

[0227] The specially structured elevator and lifting section ensure smooth airflow through the ductwork, effectively block vibrations transmitted from the duct, guarantee the airtightness of the lifting section, and ensure the overall operational safety of the air-cooled tower model. Due to the height limitations of the laboratory, a floor-mounted fan is used, connected to the tower body via ductwork. Flexible connections are employed at the fan and duct interface to effectively prevent vibrations transmitted from the fan, while ensuring the ventilation cross-section is unaffected by the contraction of the flexible connections, thus guaranteeing stable airflow.

[0228] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the processing device for the test process of the air-cooled tower model provided in this application is shown below. Figure 13 As shown, the processing device 130 for the test process of the air-cooled tower model provided in this embodiment includes:

[0229] The first processing module 1301 is used to determine the geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model based on the height of the air-cooled tower model and the height of the air-cooled tower prototype; wherein, the height of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the indoor environment where the air-cooled tower model is located; the geometric scale is used to determine the parameters of each component in the air-cooled tower model, and the parameters of the component include the cross-sectional diameter of the tower bottom in the air-cooled tower model.

[0230] The second processing module 1302 is used to determine the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional diameter.

[0231] The second processing module 1302 is also used to determine the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional wind speed.

[0232] The third processing module 1303 is used to determine the model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance. The fan can provide the air-cooled tower model with test conditions that match the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance when it starts up, so as to obtain the test results of the air-cooled tower model. The test results are the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model under different wind speeds.

[0233] In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower are determined based on the cross-sectional diameter. The second processing module 1302 is used for:

[0234] Based on the Reynolds number consistency criterion, the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of the tower is determined according to the cross-sectional diameter and the preset Reynolds number.

[0235] Determine the cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional diameter.

[0236] In one possible implementation, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the cross-sectional wind speed, and the second processing module 1302 is used for:

[0237] Based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of the friction zone along the air-cooled tower model, determine the friction resistance.

[0238] Based on the structural information and cross-sectional wind speed of a local area in the air-cooled tower model, the local resistance is determined;

[0239] The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the frictional resistance and local resistance.

[0240] In one possible implementation, the fan model in the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the cross-sectional air volume and total resistance. The third processing module 1303 is used for:

[0241] Determine the fan air volume based on the cross-sectional air volume and the correction factor;

[0242] The total pressure of the fan is determined based on the total resistance and the correction factor;

[0243] The model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the fan air volume and the total fan pressure.

[0244] In one possible implementation, the third processing module 1303 is further configured to:

[0245] Obtain the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located and the average wind speed of the flow section in the air-cooled tower model;

[0246] When the airflow in the air-cooled tower model is in the resistance square region, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model in the resistance square region is determined based on the average wind speed, air density, and total resistance coefficient of the resistance square region of the flow cross section, and is used as the total resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower prototype corresponding to the air-cooled tower model.

[0247] In one possible implementation, the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located is obtained, and the third processing module 1303 is used for:

[0248] Obtain the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located;

[0249] The air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located is determined based on the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure.

[0250] The processing device for the test process of the air-cooled tower model provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0251] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application. Figure 14 As shown, the electronic device 140 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 1401 and a memory 1402. Optionally, the electronic device 140 also includes a communication component 1403. The processor 1401, the memory 1402, and the communication component 1403 are connected via a bus 1404.

[0252] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 1401 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 1402, causing at least one processor 1401 to perform the above-described method.

[0253] The specific implementation process of processor 1401 can be found in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so it will not be repeated here.

[0254] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0255] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0256] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0257] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0258] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0259] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0260] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0261] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0262] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0263] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0264] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0265] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0266] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A test method for the resistance characteristics of a large-scale indirect air-cooled tower for nuclear power plants, characterized in that, include: The geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the air-cooled tower model and the height of the air-cooled tower prototype; wherein, the height of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the indoor environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located; the geometric scale is used to determine the parameters of each component in the air-cooled tower model, and the parameters of the component include the cross-sectional diameter of the tower bottom in the air-cooled tower model. Based on the cross-sectional diameter, determine the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower; The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the cross-sectional wind speed. Based on the cross-sectional air volume and the total resistance, the model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model is determined; wherein, when the fan is started, it can provide the air-cooled tower model with test conditions that conform to the cross-sectional air volume and the total resistance, so as to obtain the test results of the air-cooled tower model; the test results are the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model under different wind speeds.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the cross-sectional diameter, determine the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower, including: Based on the Reynolds number consistency criterion, the cross-sectional wind speed at the bottom of the tower is determined according to the cross-sectional diameter and the preset Reynolds number. The cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower is determined based on the cross-sectional wind speed and the cross-sectional diameter.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the cross-sectional wind speed, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined, including: Based on the structural information of the friction zone of the air-cooled tower model and the cross-sectional wind speed, the friction resistance is determined. Based on the structural information of a local area of ​​the air-cooled tower model and the cross-sectional wind speed, the local resistance is determined; The total resistance of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the frictional resistance and the local resistance.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the cross-sectional air volume and the total resistance, determine the fan model in the air-cooled tower model, including: The fan air volume is determined based on the cross-sectional air volume and the correction coefficient. The total pressure of the fan is determined based on the total resistance and the correction factor. The model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the fan air volume and the fan total pressure.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located and the average wind speed of the flow section in the air-cooled tower model; When the airflow in the air-cooled tower model is in the resistance square zone, the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model in the resistance square zone is determined based on the average wind speed of the flow section, the air density, and the total resistance coefficient of the resistance square zone, and is used as the total resistance coefficient of the air-cooled tower prototype corresponding to the air-cooled tower model.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Obtaining the air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located includes: Obtain the dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, and atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located; The air density of the environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located is determined based on the dry-bulb temperature, the wet-bulb temperature, and the atmospheric pressure.

7. A processing device for the test process of an air-cooled tower model, characterized in that, include: The first processing module is used to determine the geometric scale of the air-cooled tower model based on the height of the air-cooled tower model and the height of the air-cooled tower prototype; wherein, the height of the air-cooled tower model is determined based on the height of the indoor environment in which the air-cooled tower model is located; the geometric scale is used to determine the parameters of each component in the air-cooled tower model, and the parameters of the component include the cross-sectional diameter of the tower bottom in the air-cooled tower model. The second processing module is used to determine the cross-sectional wind speed and cross-sectional air volume at the bottom of the tower based on the cross-sectional diameter. The second processing module is further configured to determine the total resistance of the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional wind speed; The third processing module is used to determine the model of the fan in the air-cooled tower model based on the cross-sectional air volume and the total resistance; wherein, when the fan is started, it can provide the air-cooled tower model with test conditions that conform to the cross-sectional air volume and the total resistance, so as to obtain the test results of the air-cooled tower model; the test results are the resistance characteristics of the air-cooled tower model under different wind speeds.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1-6.

Images