Experimental device for simulating water environment of natural lakes and reservoirs and ocean deepwater layer

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for simulating natural lake and reservoir and ocean deepwater layer water environment, which comprises a pressure container, a sealing cover, a water bath system, a compression device and a sensor system, the pressure container is used for accommodating an experimental sample, a pressure gauge is embedded in the sealing cover, the sealing cover is provided with an air outlet and an air supply pipe connecting hole, the container sealing cover is assembled on the pressure container, and the compression device is connected with the pressure container. Sealing is realized through the sealing assembly; the water bath system transports circulating water of a water bath temperature control box to a water bath jacket through a peristaltic pump and is used for adjusting the water temperature in the container; the compression device is connected with the sealing cover through an air supply pipe and used for adjusting water pressure and dissolved oxygen in the container; the sensor system comprises an integrator sensing element which is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure-resistant container and is used for monitoring the water temperature, the water pressure, the dissolved oxygen and the pH value in real time; according to the invention, the deepwater environment of natural lakes and reservoirs and marine ecosystems can be highly simulated, and the water temperature, the water pressure, the dissolved oxygen and the pH value can be manually adjusted and monitored in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water environment simulation technology, specifically to an experimental device for simulating the water environment of natural lakes, reservoirs and deep ocean layers. It is an experimental device for simulating deep water layer environments, enabling artificial adjustment and real-time monitoring of water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen and pH. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-water environments possess unique physical and chemical characteristics, such as low temperature, high pressure, low dissolved oxygen, and low pH. These characteristics significantly impact the survival and reproduction of organisms in natural lakes, reservoirs, and deep-sea environments, as well as the development and utilization of related resources. However, due to the complexity of deep-water environments and the difficulty of direct access, research and development of these environments face numerous challenges.

[0003] Currently, while some laboratory equipment can simulate partial deep-water environments, these devices typically only simulate a single parameter (such as water temperature or water pressure) and cannot simultaneously achieve comprehensive regulation and real-time monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water pressure, and pH. Furthermore, existing equipment is complex to operate and expensive, making it difficult to widely apply in scientific research and teaching.

[0004] Therefore, given the limitations of existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a simulation experimental device that can highly simulate the real deep-water environment and simultaneously achieve comprehensive regulation and monitoring of water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen, and pH. By precisely controlling and simulating the complex conditions of the deep-water environment, comprehensive and accurate experimental data can be provided for underwater scientific research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a simulation experimental device that enables artificial adjustment and real-time monitoring of water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen, and pH value. This solves the problem that existing technologies can only simulate single parameters of deep-water environments, providing comprehensive and accurate experimental data for underwater scientific research.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An experimental apparatus for simulating natural lake and deep-sea water environments includes: Pressure Container 1: Used to simulate deep-water environments, it can hold water samples and sediment samples; Sealing cover 2: Sealing cover 2 is assembled on the pressure vessel 1 and achieves sealing through a sealing element. Sealing cover 2 is provided with an air outlet and an air supply pipe connection hole. Water bath system: includes water bath temperature control box 5, water bath jacket 9, pressure vessel 1 is set inside water bath jacket 9, the inside of water bath jacket 9 is connected to water bath temperature control box 5, and water temperature is regulated by water bath temperature control box 5 which integrates heating and cooling. Compression device: includes air compressor 6, which introduces gas and connects to the air supply pipe connection hole on the sealing cover 2 through air supply pipe 8 to change the internal volume of the container, thereby regulating water pressure and dissolved oxygen; Sensor system: including integrator sensing element 7, which is installed on the inner wall of pressure vessel 1, and monitors water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen and pH value in real time.

[0007] The water bath temperature control box 5 is equipped with a circulating pump 10, a heater 17, a cooler 18, and a temperature sensor 19, which can realize the heating and cooling of the water temperature in the water bath temperature control box 5. The heater 17 and the cooler 18 are commercially available products that can achieve heating and cooling. The heater 18 can be a heating resistor, etc., and the cooler 18 can be a hydraulic press cooler, etc.

[0008] The upper part of the water bath jacket 9 is connected to the circulating pump 10 inside the water bath temperature control box 5 through a silicone tube. The bottom of the water bath jacket 9 is provided with a water distributor 4, which is connected to the peristaltic pump 11 through a silicone tube 15. The peristaltic pump 11 is also connected to the water bath temperature control box 5.

[0009] Multiple sampling valves 13 are provided on the side of the pressure vessel 1 for sampling.

[0010] The inner wall of the water bath jacket 9 is provided with a buckle 20, and the pressure container 1 is fixed in the buckle 20 to prevent the pressure container 1 from shaking.

[0011] A flow meter 21 and a one-way valve are installed on the air supply pipe 8 connecting the air compressor 6 and the sealing cover 2.

[0012] The water bath jacket 9 is also equipped with a thermal rheostat 12 for monitoring the water temperature inside the water bath jacket 9.

[0013] A pressure gauge 3 is embedded in the sealing cover 2.

[0014] The experimental device for simulating natural lake and deep ocean water environments also includes a controller, which is a commercially available conventional PLC controller that can receive, store, and provide feedback on data. The controller is connected to the integrator sensing element 7, pressure gauge 3, thermal rheostat 12, and temperature sensor 19.

[0015] The main body of the simulation test device of the present invention is a pressure-resistant container 1 with a sediment sample added to the bottom to simulate a deep water environment. Multiple sampling valves 13 are provided on the side wall from top to bottom for sampling and comparing the differences between different layers of water. An integrator sensing element 7 is provided on the inner wall to measure the water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen and pH value of the sample in the container in real time. A water bath jacket 9 is wrapped around the outside of the container and fixedly connected to it by a buckle 20 for adjusting the water temperature in the container. A sealing cover 2 is added to the pressure-resistant container 1, and a pressure gauge 13 is embedded therein to measure the air pressure.

[0016] The specific steps for using the deep-water environment simulation experimental device described in this invention, which allows for adjustable and monitorable water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen, and pH, are as follows: S1. Deepwater environment parameter simulation: S1-1. Adjust the pH value according to environmental needs to simulate the pH of deep water environment; S1-2. Calculate the corresponding water pressure range based on the environmental depth, and simulate the deep-water pressure using the simulation experimental device; S1-3. Temperature is regulated by a simulation experimental device to simulate the temperature of a deep-water environment; S2. Sample Testing: Before step S1, the test sample is placed in the test device. After adjusting all parameters, data is collected by connecting to the sensors in the simulation test, including pressure, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) Improve simulation accuracy: Through highly integrated and innovative design, it is possible to accurately control and simulate various parameters of deep water environment, including water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen and pH value. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can more realistically restore the complex situation of deep water environment and provide more accurate experimental conditions, thereby ensuring the reliability and practicality of experimental results.

[0018] (2) Improve test efficiency: By simulating real deep-water environmental conditions for indoor experiments, the test cycle can be shortened and the market launch of underwater equipment can be accelerated.

[0019] (3) Expanding the scope of application: The present invention has a wide range of applicability, which enables the test platform to meet the deep water environment simulation needs of multiple fields and provide strong technical support for different research and development work. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Pressure container; 2-Sealing cap; 3-Pressure gauge; 4-Water distributor; 5-Water bath temperature control chamber; 6-Air compressor; 7-Integrated sensor element; 8-Air supply pipe; 9-Water bath jacket; 10-Circulating pump; 11-Peristaltic pump; 12-Thermosensitive rheostat; 13-Sampling valve; 14-Sediment; 15-Silicone tubing; 16-Experimental sample; 17-Heater; 18-Cooler; 19-Temperature sensor; 20-Snap-on; 21-Flow meter; 22-Outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 An experimental device for simulating natural lake and deep-sea water environments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Pressure Container 1: Pressure Container 1 has a cylindrical structure with a volume of approximately 5L and is used to hold experimental sample 16 to simulate a deep-water environment; multiple sampling valves 13 are installed on the side of Pressure Container 1 for sampling; water sample and sediment are placed at the bottom of Pressure Container 1 to simulate a deep-water environment; Sealing cover 2: Sealing cover 2 is assembled on the pressure vessel 1 and is sealed by a sealing element. A pressure gauge 3 is embedded in the sealing cover 2. It is provided with an air outlet and an air supply pipe connection hole. A valve is provided at the air outlet for the final release of internal gas and to regulate the internal and external pressure of the pressure vessel 1. The water bath system includes a water bath temperature control chamber 5 and a water bath jacket 9. The water bath jacket 9, which is cylindrical and surrounds the pressure vessel 1, is used to regulate the water temperature inside the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel 1 is located inside the water bath jacket 9. A buckle 20 is provided on the inner wall of the water bath jacket 9 to secure the pressure vessel 1 and prevent it from shaking. A thermostatic resistor 12 is installed inside the water bath jacket 9 to monitor the water temperature inside. The water bath jacket 9 is connected to the water bath temperature control chamber 5. The water temperature inside the water bath jacket 9 is regulated by the integrated heating and cooling system of the water bath temperature control chamber 5 and the thermostatic resistor 12. The water bath temperature control chamber 5 contains a circulating pump 10, a heater 17, and a cooler 1. 8. Temperature sensor 19 can raise and lower the water temperature in the water bath temperature control chamber 5. Heater 17 and cooler 18 are commercially available products that can raise and lower the water temperature. Heater 17 can be a heating resistor, etc., and cooler 18 can be a hydraulic press cooler, etc. The upper part of the water bath jacket 9 is connected to the circulation pump 10 in the water bath temperature control chamber 5 through a silicone tube (adjustable length). A water distributor 4 is set at the bottom of the water bath jacket 9. The water distributor 4 is connected to the peristaltic pump 11 through a silicone tube 15. The peristaltic pump 11 is also connected to the water bath temperature control chamber 5. A water outlet 22 is also set at the bottom of the water bath jacket 9. After the experiment, all the water is drained to clean the inside of the water bath jacket 9. Compression device: includes air compressor 6, gas is introduced by air compressor 6, air compressor 6 is connected to air supply pipe connection hole on sealing cover 2 through air supply pipe 8, flow meter 21 and one-way valve are installed on air supply pipe 8 connected to air compressor 6 and sealing cover 2, the internal volume of container is changed by adjusting the gas inlet, thereby adjusting water pressure and dissolved oxygen. Sensor system: including integrator sensing element 7, which is installed on the inner wall of pressure vessel 1. Integrator sensing element 7 monitors water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen and pH value in real time. Integrator sensing element 7 can be commercially available or assembled from various functional sensors.

[0023] The method of using the device in Example 1 is as follows: S1. Parameter Adjustment S1-1. Adjust the pH value before placing the sample to simulate the pH of a deep-water environment, according to environmental requirements; S1-2. Calculate the corresponding water pressure based on the environmental depth, and simulate the deep-water water pressure: Place the sample into the pressure-resistant container 1, tighten the sealing cap 1, and use the air compressor 6 to input air into the pressure-resistant container 1 through the air supply pipe 6 to increase the pressure inside the pressure-resistant container 1. After the pressure sensor 2 shows that the pressure has reached the calculated water pressure, stop the air supply. S1-3. Adjust the temperature according to environmental requirements to simulate the temperature of a deep-water environment: The temperature is regulated by the water bath temperature control box 5 to simulate the temperature of the deep water environment. Specifically, the water is adjusted to the required water temperature by the water bath temperature control box 5, and then pumped into the water bath jacket 9 by the peristaltic pump 11. The water is then distributed by the water distributor 4, and the water is returned to the water bath temperature control box 5 by the circulation pump 10 and the silicone tube to realize the dynamic circulation of water and form a stable temperature circulating water outside the pressure vessel 1. S2. Sample Testing: Data, including pressure, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH, is collected in real time through the integrator sensing element 7.

[0024] Example 2 An experimental device for simulating natural lake and deep ocean water environments, based on Example 1, further includes a controller. The controller is a commercially available conventional PLC controller, which can receive, store, and provide feedback on data. The controller is connected to the integrator sensing element 7, pressure gauge 3, thermal rheostat 12, and temperature sensor 19. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0025] This embodiment can achieve automatic control based on embodiment 1, and the controller can receive, store, and provide feedback on data.

[0026] Example 3 The specific experiment was conducted using the apparatus of Example 2, and the steps are as follows: S1. Parameter Adjustment and Calculation S1-1. Calculate the corresponding water pressure based on the environmental depth, and simulate the deep-water water pressure: To simulate the water pressure at a depth of 1000 meters in the ocean, according to the water pressure formula p=ρgh (where ρ is the density of seawater, taken as 1025 kg / m³), 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, taken as 9.8 m / s². 2 (where h is the depth), the calculation yields p = 1025 × 9.8 × 1000 = 10045000 Pa ≈ 10 MPa; The sample is placed in the pressure-resistant container 1, and the sealing cap 2 is tightened. Air is supplied into the pressure-resistant container 1 (which can withstand a pressure of at least 10 MPa) through the air supply pipe 6 using the air compressor 6 to increase the pressure inside the pressure-resistant container 1. The pressure is continuously increased, and the pressure inside the pressure-resistant container 1 is monitored in real time using the pressure sensor 3. When the pressure reaches the calculated approximately 10 MPa, the pressure is kept stable. This simulates the water pressure environment of a 1000-meter deep sea. S1-2. Adjust the temperature according to environmental requirements to simulate the temperature of a deep-water environment: Taking the temperature at a depth of 3000 meters in the deep sea as an example, it is known that the seawater temperature at this depth is usually around 2℃. The temperature is regulated by the water bath temperature control box 5 to simulate the deep water environment temperature. Specifically, the water temperature in the water bath temperature control box 5 is first lowered by the cooler 17, and then pumped into the water bath jacket 9 by the peristaltic pump 11. The water is then distributed by the water distributor 4, and the water returns to the water bath temperature control box 5 through the circulation pump 10 and the silicone tube, realizing the dynamic circulation of water and forming a stable circulating water outside the pressure vessel 1. At the same time, the thermal rheostat 12 monitors the water temperature in the water bath jacket 9 in real time. When the water temperature does not meet the requirements, the water temperature is adjusted in time to simulate the deep water temperature environment at this depth. S1-3. Adjust the pH according to environmental requirements to simulate the pH of a deep-water environment: The target pH for simulating the pH environment of seawater at a depth of 1000 meters is 7.9 ± 0.1. First, 0.05 mol / L sodium bicarbonate is added to the simulated sample as a basic buffer. After the pressure and temperature inside the pressure-resistant container 1 stabilize, CO2 is introduced into the pressure-resistant container 1 through the air supply pipe 6 using the air compressor 6. The CO2 intake rate is controlled by the flow meter 21, allowing CO2 to dissolve in the simulated seawater under high pressure and form a buffer pair with HCO3⁻. At the same time, the pH value is monitored in real time using the integrator sensor element 7. If the pH value is too high, the CO2 flow rate is increased; if the pH value is too low, the CO2 flow rate is decreased or a small amount of sodium bicarbonate solution is added. In addition, sterile 0.1 mol / L HCl and 0.1 mol / L NaOH solutions are also prepared for emergency fine-tuning. After each adjustment, wait 5-10 minutes until the pH value stabilizes. This simulates the pH environment of the deep sea at this depth. S2. Sample Testing The integrator sensing element 7 collects data in real time from the sample, including pressure, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH. The controller is connected to the integrator sensing element 7, pressure gauge 3, thermal rheostat 12, and temperature sensor 19. The controller receives, stores, and feeds back the data.

[0027] After the experiment, drain the water that was not pumped out of the water bath jacket 9 from the outlet 22, open the buckle 20, take out the pressure container 1, adjust the pressure inside and outside the pressure container 1 through the vent, open the sampling valve 13 to take a sample for subsequent testing, open the sealing cover 2, pour out the test sample, clean the pressure container 1, and use it for the next time.

[0028] The device of this invention can highly simulate the real deep-water environment. The precise control and simulation enable the test platform to meet the deep-water environment simulation needs of multiple fields, providing strong technical support for different research and development work.

[0029] The above embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for simulating natural lake and deep-sea water environments, characterized in that, include: Pressure vessel (1): used to simulate deep water environment, with samples placed inside; Sealing cap (2): The sealing cap (2) is assembled on the pressure vessel (1). The sealing cap (2) is provided with an air outlet and an air supply pipe connection hole. Water bath system: including water bath temperature control box (5), water bath jacket (9), pressure vessel (1) is set inside water bath jacket (9), and the inside of water bath jacket (9) is connected to the inside of water bath temperature control box (5); Compression device: includes an air compressor (6), which is connected to the air supply pipe connection hole on the sealing cover (2) through an air supply pipe (8); Sensor system: including integrator sensing element (7), which is installed on the inner wall of pressure vessel (1) and monitors water temperature, water pressure, dissolved oxygen and pH value in real time.

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lakes, reservoirs, and deep-sea environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water bath temperature control box (5) is equipped with a circulating pump (10), a heater (17), a cooler (18), and a temperature sensor (19).

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lakes, reservoirs, and deep-sea environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper part of the water bath jacket (9) is connected to the circulating pump (10) inside the water bath temperature control box (5) via a silicone tube.

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lakes, reservoirs, and deep-sea environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the water bath jacket (9) is provided with a water distributor (4), which is connected to the peristaltic pump (11) through a silicone tube (15). The peristaltic pump (11) is also connected to the water bath temperature control box (5).

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lake and deep-sea water environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sampling valves (13) are provided on the side of the pressure vessel (1).

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lakes, reservoirs, and deep-sea environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the water bath jacket (9) is provided with a buckle (20), and the pressure container (1) is fixed in the buckle (20).

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lakes, reservoirs, and deep-sea environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow meter (21) and a one-way valve are installed on the air supply pipe (8) connecting the air compressor (6) and the sealing cover (2).

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lake and deep-sea water environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, A thermocouple (12) is also provided inside the water bath jacket (9).

9. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lakes, reservoirs, and deep-sea environments according to claim 8, characterized in that, A pressure gauge (3) is embedded in the sealing cap (2).

10. The experimental apparatus for simulating natural lake and deep-sea water environments according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, which is connected to the integrator sensing element (7), pressure gauge (3), thermal rheostat (12), and temperature sensor (19).

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