Multi-party collaborative business processing method and system based on block chain

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-party collaborative business processing method and system based on a block chain, and relates to the technical field of block chain technology and collaborative office. The method comprises the following steps: a service initiator constructs an initial service proposal and generates a proposal hash value, and uploads the initial service proposal and the proposal hash value to a block chain node; each collaborative participant obtains the initial business proposal through the block chain node, performs validity verification on the initial business proposal based on a preset verification rule, generates a verification result, signs the verification result and uploads the verification result to the block chain; the business initiator summarizes verification results, and constructs a business cooperation intelligent contract if verification is passed; and each collaborative participant performs consensus verification on the smart contract, and deploys the smart contract to the block chain after the consensus is passed. According to the invention, through decentration, tampering resistance and a consensus mechanism of the block chain, data security and trust reliability in a multi-party cooperation process are guaranteed, and traceability of a whole business process is realized at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of blockchain technology, collaborative office technology, and information security technology, and in particular to a blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method and system. Background Technology

[0002] In today's business environment, multi-party collaborative business processing is widespread in various fields such as supply chain management, financial cooperation, government collaboration, and cross-border trade. For example, supply chain management requires collaboration among suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers to complete a series of business processes, including raw material procurement, production and processing, logistics and transportation, and sales settlement. In financial cooperation, financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, and securities firms need to collaborate on business operations such as customer credit granting, risk assessment, and transaction clearing. However, existing multi-party collaborative business processing methods generally suffer from the following technical problems:

[0003] 1. Lack of Trust: In multi-party collaboration, the participating parties belong to different stakeholders and lack a unified foundation of trust, which can easily lead to mutual suspicion and shirking of responsibility. For example, in supply chain settlement, suppliers may worry about manufacturers delaying payments, while manufacturers may worry about the quality of raw materials provided by suppliers being substandard. This lack of trust results in low collaboration efficiency.

[0004] 2. High risk of data tampering: Existing multi-party collaborative business processes mostly use centralized servers to store business data. Centralized storage architecture has the risk of single point of failure, and data is easily tampered with. For example, some participants may tamper with key information such as operational data and time nodes in the business process for their own benefit, leading to business disputes, and it is difficult to trace the data tampering behavior.

[0005] 3. Difficulty in process traceability: Because business data is stored in the local systems of various participants and the data formats are not uniform, when a business dispute occurs and it is necessary to trace the business process, it is necessary to integrate the local data of various participants. The process is cumbersome and inefficient, and there may even be inconsistencies in the data of various participants, resulting in unreliable traceability results.

[0006] 4. Low Collaboration Efficiency: Current multi-party collaborative business processes largely rely on manual communication and offline review to advance workflows. For example, the review of business proposals and the acceptance of business results require manual document transfer and signature confirmation, resulting in long process cycles and potential bottlenecks. Furthermore, disputes necessitate mediation through third-party institutions, further reducing collaboration efficiency.

[0007] Blockchain technology has core characteristics such as decentralization, immutability, transparency and traceability, and consensus mechanisms, which can provide a trust foundation for multi-party collaborative business processing; smart contract technology can automate the execution of business processes, reduce manual intervention, and improve collaborative efficiency.

[0008] Therefore, applying blockchain technology and smart contract technology to multi-party collaborative business processing can effectively solve problems such as lack of trust, high risk of data tampering, difficulty in process traceability, and low collaborative efficiency in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method and system to solve the technical problems existing in the current multi-party collaborative business processing, such as lack of trust, high risk of data tampering, difficulty in process traceability, and low collaborative efficiency.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method includes the following steps:

[0012] S1: The business initiator constructs an initial business proposal, which includes business objectives, participant information, business process nodes, time thresholds and data interaction standards. Based on the SM3 hash algorithm, the initial business proposal generates a proposal hash value H and uploads the plaintext of the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H to the blockchain node.

[0013] S2: Each participating party obtains the plaintext of the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H through the blockchain node, verifies the legality of the initial business proposal based on its own preset verification rules, generates a verification result Res, where i is the participant number, i=1,2,...,n, signs the verification result Res with its own asymmetric key to obtain Sig=Sign(SK,Res), and uploads Res and Sig to the blockchain;

[0014] S3: The business initiator aggregates the verification results Res of all collaborating participants through the blockchain node, sets the verification pass threshold θ, and calculates the verification pass rate P, where P = number of participants that passed verification / total number of participants. If P ≥ θ, the initial business proposal is deemed to have passed verification, and step S4 is executed; if P < θ, the process returns to step S1, and the business initiator modifies the initial business proposal and re-uploads it.

[0015] S4: Based on the verified initial business proposal, the business initiator constructs a business collaboration smart contract SC. The smart contract SC embeds a business process rule function F(x), a parameter Para defining the rights and responsibilities of each party, and a data interaction encryption specification. The business process rule function F(x) is defined as follows:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, m is the total number of business process nodes, and α is the weight coefficient of the k-th process node. x is the input parameter of the k-th process node, and f(x) is the processing function of the k-th process node;

[0018] S5: Each participating party obtains the smart contract SC, and performs consensus verification on the consistency and compliance of the smart contract SC based on the initial business proposal. The Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm is used for consensus voting. If the consensus voting pass rate is ≥θ, the smart contract SC is deployed to the blockchain; if the consensus voting pass rate is <θ, the process returns to step S4, where the business initiator, together with all participating parties, modifies the smart contract SC and resubmits it for consensus.

[0019] S6: During the business processing phase, each participating party executes the corresponding business operations sequentially according to the business process node order agreed in the smart contract SC. After each process node is completed, operation data Data is generated, where k is the process node number and i is the participant number. Data is encrypted using the AES-256 encryption algorithm to obtain Enc(Data)=E(Key,Data), where Key is the shared key of the k-th process node, generated by each participant through a key negotiation algorithm. Enc(Data) and the completion identifier of the corresponding process node are uploaded to the blockchain. The blockchain node verifies the validity of the operation data based on the business process rule function F(x) in the smart contract SC. After successful verification, a business processing log Log is generated and written to the block.

[0020] S7: After all business process nodes have been executed, each participating party will verify the business processing results, generate an verification result Check, sign the Check with its own asymmetric key to obtain Sig'=Sign(SK,Check), and upload the Check and Sig' to the blockchain.

[0021] S8: The business initiator summarizes all acceptance results (Check) and uses the same verification pass rate standard as in step S3 to determine whether the acceptance is successful. If the acceptance is successful, a business completion certificate is generated and written to the blockchain to complete the business loop. If the acceptance is unsuccessful, a dispute coordination process is initiated based on the dispute handling rules in the smart contract SC until an agreement is reached or the business is terminated.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S1, when the business initiator uploads the initial business proposal to the blockchain node, the following method is used for identity authentication: the business initiator sends its own identity identifier ID and signature Sig=Sign(SK,ID) to the blockchain node. The blockchain node uses the business initiator's public key PK to verify Sig. Only after the verification is successful will the initial business proposal and proposal hash value H be received.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S2, the preset verification rules for collaborative participants include: participant permission matching verification, business objective feasibility verification, time threshold rationality verification, and data interaction standard compatibility verification; among them, the time threshold rationality verification calculates the time rationality score S using the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, T is the time threshold in the initial business proposal, and T is the standard time threshold for this type of business; when S≥0.6, the time threshold verification is considered successful.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S5, the consensus process of the PBFT consensus algorithm includes three stages: Pre-prepare, Prepare, and Commit. In the Pre-prepare stage, the master node sends the smart contract SC and pre-prepare messages to all slave nodes. In the Prepare stage, each slave node verifies the validity of the pre-prepare messages and then sends prepare messages to other nodes. In the Commit stage, each node sends a Commit message after collecting more than 2f+1 prepare messages. When a node collects more than 2f+1 Commit messages, the consensus is considered to have passed. Here, f is the maximum number of malicious nodes allowed in the blockchain network.

[0027] Further, in step S6, the shared key Key is generated through the Elliptic Curve Key Negotiation (ECDH) algorithm. The specific process is as follows: each participant generates its own elliptic curve key pair (PK, SK) and broadcasts its public key PK to other participants; each participant calculates the shared key component based on its own private key SK and the public key PK (j≠i) of other participants, and generates the shared key Key of the kth process node through a preset key fusion algorithm.

[0028] A blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing system includes: a business initiation module, a blockchain node module, a collaborative participation module, a smart contract module, a data encryption module, and a consensus verification module;

[0029] The business initiation module is used to enable the business initiator to construct an initial business proposal, generate a proposal hash value based on the SM3 hash algorithm, upload the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value to the blockchain node module, and complete identity authentication at the same time; it is also used to summarize the verification results and acceptance results, determine whether the business proposal verification and business acceptance have passed, and generate a business completion certificate.

[0030] The blockchain node module is used to receive and store initial business proposals, proposal hash values, verification results and signatures, smart contracts, encrypted operation data, business processing logs, acceptance results and signatures, and business completion certificates; it is also used to provide data interaction interfaces for each module to ensure decentralized storage and sharing of data.

[0031] The collaborative participation module is used to enable each collaborative participant to obtain initial business proposals and smart contracts, verify the legality of the initial business proposals, verify the consensus of the smart contracts, execute corresponding business operations and generate operation data, and accept the business processing results and generate acceptance results.

[0032] The smart contract module is used to store business process rule functions, parameters defining the rights and responsibilities of each party, and data interaction encryption specifications, to automatically execute business processes, verify the validity of the operation data of each participant, and trigger dispute resolution processes.

[0033] The data encryption module is used to encrypt business operation data using the AES-256 encryption algorithm and to generate shared keys for each process node using the ECDH algorithm to ensure the security of data transmission and storage.

[0034] The consensus verification module is used to conduct consensus voting on smart contracts using the PBFT consensus algorithm, and to judge the verification results and acceptance results of business proposals using a preset verification pass rate standard, so as to ensure the consistency and reliability of multi-party collaboration.

[0035] Furthermore, the blockchain node module includes a data storage unit, an identity authentication unit, and an interface management unit; the data storage unit uses a distributed ledger to store blockchain data, ensuring the immutability and traceability of the data; the identity authentication unit uses an asymmetric encryption algorithm to verify the identities of each participant, ensuring the legitimacy of the participants' identities; the interface management unit provides standardized data interaction interfaces for the business initiation module, collaborative participation module, smart contract module, and data encryption module, ensuring collaborative work between the modules.

[0036] Furthermore, the smart contract module also includes a contract upgrade unit. When business requirements change, the business initiator, together with all collaborating participants, proposes a contract upgrade proposal. After consensus verification, the contract upgrade unit completes the upgrade and deployment of the smart contract and writes the upgrade record to the blockchain.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0038] 1. Constructing a decentralized trust system: This invention utilizes the decentralized storage characteristics of blockchain to store key information such as business proposals, verification results, operational data, and acceptance results across multiple blockchain nodes, avoiding the single point of failure risk of centralized storage. At the same time, it employs hash algorithms and asymmetric encryption algorithms to ensure the integrity and non-repudiation of data, providing a unified trust foundation for multi-party collaboration and effectively solving the trust deficiency problem existing in the prior art.

[0039] 2. Reduce the risk of data tampering: This invention writes all business process data into the blockchain. The immutability of the blockchain ensures that the data cannot be tampered with once it is written. At the same time, data tampering can be quickly detected by comparing hash values. In addition, the AES-256 encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the operation data, which further ensures the security of the data and effectively solves the problem of high data tampering risk in the prior art.

[0040] 3. Achieve full traceability of business processes: During business processing, this invention generates business processing logs in real time and writes them to the blockchain. The business processing logs contain key information such as process node numbers, operation times, operation participants, and encrypted operation data, forming a complete business traceability chain. When business disputes occur, the entire business process data can be quickly traced through the blockchain, improving the efficiency of dispute resolution and effectively solving the problem of difficult process traceability in existing technologies.

[0041] 4. Improved Collaboration Efficiency: This invention automates business processes through smart contracts, reducing manual communication and offline review, thus improving business processing efficiency. Simultaneously, the PBFT consensus algorithm is used to quickly complete smart contract consensus verification, and a preset verification pass rate standard is used to quickly determine the verification and acceptance results of business proposals, avoiding process bottlenecks. Furthermore, the dispute resolution rules within the smart contract can quickly initiate dispute coordination processes, further improving collaboration efficiency and effectively solving the problem of low collaboration efficiency in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the PBFT consensus algorithm of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the generation process of the shared key Key in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0047] A blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: The business initiator constructs an initial business proposal, which includes business objectives, participant information, business process nodes, time thresholds, and data interaction standards. Based on the SM3 hash algorithm, the proposal hash value H of the initial business proposal is generated, and the plaintext of the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H are uploaded to the blockchain node.

[0049] In step S1, the business initiator first needs to clarify the core objectives of the business, organize the information of all parties involved in the business collaboration, break down the business process into multiple ordered process nodes, set reasonable time thresholds for each process node, and formulate a unified data interaction standard to ensure that the data of all participants can be effectively connected. Using the SM3 hash algorithm to generate the proposal hash value ensures the integrity of the initial business proposal. If the proposal is subsequently tampered with, the tampering can be quickly detected by recalculating the hash value and comparing it with H stored in the blockchain. Simultaneously, when the business initiator uploads the initial business proposal to the blockchain node, identity authentication is required. The specific process is as follows: the business initiator sends its own identity identifier ID and signature Sig=Sign(SK,ID) to the blockchain node. The blockchain node verifies Sig using the business initiator's public key PK. Only after successful verification does it receive the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H, ensuring the legitimacy of the business initiator's identity.

[0050] S2: Each participating party obtains the plaintext of the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H through the blockchain node, verifies the legality of the initial business proposal based on its own preset verification rules, generates a verification result Res (i is the participant number, i=1,2,...,n), signs the verification result Res with its own asymmetric key to obtain Sig=Sign(SK,Res), and uploads Res and Sig to the blockchain;

[0051] The pre-defined verification rules for collaborative participants are crucial to ensuring the feasibility of business proposals. These rules specifically include participant permission matching verification, business objective feasibility verification, time threshold reasonableness verification, and data interaction standard compatibility verification. Participant permission matching verification confirms whether the participants specified in the initial business proposal have the necessary permissions to complete the corresponding business operations. Business objective feasibility verification assesses whether the business objectives conform to industry standards and are practically achievable. Data interaction standard compatibility verification confirms whether each participant's local data format is compatible with the data interaction standards specified in the proposal. Time threshold reasonableness verification calculates a time reasonableness score S using the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, T represents the time threshold in the initial business proposal, and T represents the standard time threshold for this type of business. When S ≥ 0.6, the time threshold verification is considered successful. Each participating party signs the verification result and uploads it to the blockchain, ensuring the non-repudiation of the verification result and preventing subsequent tampering of the verification result or denial by participating parties.

[0054] S3: The business initiator aggregates the verification results Res of all collaborating participants through the blockchain node, sets the verification pass threshold θ (0<θ≤1), and calculates the verification pass rate P = (number of participants that passed verification / total number of participants). If P≥θ, the initial business proposal is deemed to have passed verification, and step S4 is executed; if P<θ, the process returns to step S1, and the business initiator modifies the initial business proposal and re-uploads it.

[0055] The verification pass threshold θ can be flexibly set according to the importance of the business and the number of collaborating parties. For example, for highly important financial collaborations, θ can be set to 0.8 to ensure that most participants accept the initial business proposal. For supply chain collaborations with a large number of participants, θ can be set to 0.7 to balance verification efficiency and proposal acceptance. When the verification pass rate does not reach the threshold, the business initiator needs to modify the unreasonable parts of the initial business proposal based on the verification opinions of each participant. This could include adjusting the time threshold or optimizing data interaction standards. After modification, the proposal must be re-uploaded to the blockchain node for verification until it passes.

[0056] S4: Based on the verified initial business proposal, the business initiator constructs a business collaboration smart contract SC. The smart contract SC embeds the business process rule function F(x), the parameter Para defining the rights and responsibilities of each party, and the data interaction encryption specification. The business process rule function F(x) is defined as follows:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, m is the total number of business process nodes, and α is the weight coefficient of the k-th process node. x is the input parameter of the k-th process node, and f(x) is the processing function of the k-th process node;

[0059] Smart contracts are the core of automating business processes. The business process rule function F(x) defines the execution logic and weight allocation for each process node. For example, in supply chain collaboration, the weight coefficient α for the raw material procurement node can be set to 0.3, for the production and processing node to 0.4, for the logistics and transportation node to 0.2, and for the sales settlement node to 0.1, ensuring that the importance and weight of each process node are commensurate. The responsibility and rights definition parameter Para clarifies the duties and rights of each participant at each process node. For example, the supplier's responsibility at the raw material procurement node is to provide raw materials that meet quality standards on time, and the right is to receive payment for the purchase; the manufacturer's responsibility at the production and processing node is to complete the production task on time, and the right is to receive processing fees. The data interaction encryption specification clarifies the encryption methods, key generation and management rules, etc., for data interaction among the participants, ensuring the security of data interaction.

[0060] S5: Each participating party obtains the smart contract SC, and performs consensus verification on the consistency and compliance of the smart contract SC based on the initial business proposal. The Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm is used for consensus voting. If the consensus voting pass rate is ≥θ, the smart contract SC is deployed to the blockchain; if the consensus voting pass rate is <θ, the process returns to step S4, where the business initiator, together with all participating parties, modifies the smart contract SC and resubmits it for consensus.

[0061] Consistency verification of smart contracts confirms that the business process rules, responsibilities, and other content of the smart contract are consistent with the verified initial business proposal. Compliance verification confirms that the content of the smart contract complies with industry standards and relevant laws and regulations. The PBFT consensus algorithm is used for consensus voting, ensuring the reliability of the consensus result even in the presence of malicious nodes. The PBFT consensus process includes three phases: Pre-prepare, Prepare, and Commit. In the Pre-prepare phase, the master node sends the smart contract SC and pre-prepare messages to all slave nodes. In the Prepare phase, each slave node verifies the validity of the pre-prepare messages and then sends prepare messages to other nodes. In the Commit phase, each node sends a commit message after collecting more than 2f+1 prepare messages. Consensus is considered passed when a node has collected more than 2f+1 commit messages. Here, f is the maximum number of malicious nodes allowed in the blockchain network. For example, when there are 5 nodes in the blockchain network, f=1, and each node needs to collect 3 or more commit messages to pass consensus.

[0062] S6: During the business processing phase, each participating party executes the corresponding business operations sequentially according to the business process node order agreed in the smart contract SC. After each process node is completed, operation data Data is generated (k is the process node number, i is the participant number). Data is encrypted using the AES-256 encryption algorithm to obtain Enc(Data)=E(Key,Data), where Key is the shared key of the k-th process node, which is generated by each participant through a key negotiation algorithm. Enc(Data) and the completion identifier of the corresponding process node are uploaded to the blockchain. The blockchain node verifies the validity of the operation data based on the business process rule function F(x) in the smart contract SC. After successful verification, a business processing log Log is generated and written to the block.

[0063] During business processing, all participants strictly follow the sequence of process nodes agreed upon in the smart contract to avoid process chaos. The shared key (Key) is generated using the Elliptic Curve Key Negotiation (ECDH) algorithm. Specifically, each participant generates its own elliptic curve key pair (PK, SK) and broadcasts its public key PK to other participants. Each participant calculates the shared key component based on its own private key SK and the public keys PK of other participants (j≠i), and generates the shared key Key for the k-th process node using a preset key fusion algorithm. The AES-256 encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the operation data, ensuring data security during transmission and storage and preventing data theft or tampering. Blockchain nodes verify the validity of the operation data, primarily checking whether it conforms to the requirements of the business process rule function F(x). For example, verifying whether the data format conforms to data interaction standards and whether the operation completion time is within a time threshold. Upon successful verification, the generated business processing log (Log) contains key information such as the process node number, operation time, participating parties, and encrypted operation data. This log is written into the block to achieve traceability of the business process.

[0064] S7: After all business process nodes have been executed, each participating party will verify the business processing results, generate an verification result Check, sign the Check with its own asymmetric key to obtain Sig'=Sign(SK,Check), and upload the Check and Sig' to the blockchain.

[0065] Business acceptance is a crucial step in ensuring the quality of business processing. Each participating party conducts a comprehensive acceptance review of the business processing results based on the business objectives and acceptance criteria stipulated in the smart contract, generating an acceptance check. The check result includes whether the acceptance passed, failed, and specific acceptance comments. Each participating party signs the acceptance result and uploads it to the blockchain to ensure the non-repudiation of the acceptance result.

[0066] S8: The business initiator summarizes all acceptance results (Check) and uses the same verification pass rate standard as in step S3 to determine whether the acceptance is successful. If the acceptance is successful, a business completion certificate is generated and written to the blockchain to complete the business loop. If the acceptance is unsuccessful, a dispute coordination process is initiated based on the dispute handling rules in the smart contract SC until an agreement is reached or the business is terminated.

[0067] When acceptance is successful, the business completion certificate generated by the business initiator includes key information such as the business name, participant information, business completion time, and business processing result. After being written into the blockchain, it can serve as the basis for settlement and accountability among all parties. When acceptance fails, the dispute resolution rules in the smart contract will automatically match the dispute type according to the acceptance opinion. For example, if the dispute is about inconsistent operation data, a data traceability process will be initiated to verify the data through the business processing log in the blockchain. If the dispute is about unclear definition of rights and responsibilities, a multi-party negotiation process will be initiated, in which each participant will redefine their rights and responsibilities based on the initial business proposal and the smart contract until an agreement is reached or the business is terminated.

[0068] Secondly, the present invention provides a blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing system, including a business initiation module, a blockchain node module, a collaborative participation module, a smart contract module, a data encryption module, and a consensus verification module;

[0069] The business initiation module is used by business initiators to construct initial business proposals, generate proposal hash values ​​based on the SM3 hash algorithm, upload the initial business proposal and proposal hash values ​​to the blockchain node module, and complete identity authentication at the same time. It is also used to summarize verification and acceptance results, determine whether the business proposal verification and business acceptance have passed, and generate business completion certificates. The business initiation module adopts a visual interface design, which makes it convenient for business initiators to quickly construct business proposals, and provides functions such as proposal modification and result summary, thereby improving the operational efficiency of business initiators.

[0070] The blockchain node module receives and stores initial business proposals, proposal hash values, verification results and signatures, smart contracts, encrypted operation data, business processing logs, acceptance results and signatures, and business completion certificates. It also provides data interaction interfaces for various modules, ensuring decentralized data storage and sharing. The blockchain node module includes a data storage unit, an identity authentication unit, and an interface management unit. The data storage unit uses a distributed ledger to store blockchain data, with each node storing complete ledger data, ensuring data immutability and traceability. The identity authentication unit uses an asymmetric encryption algorithm to verify the identities of each participant, ensuring the legitimacy of their identities. The interface management unit provides standardized data interaction interfaces for the business initiation module, collaborative participation module, smart contract module, and data encryption module, supporting multiple communication protocols such as HTTP and TCP / IP to ensure collaborative work between modules.

[0071] The Collaborative Participation Module is used to enable each participating party to obtain initial business proposals and smart contracts, verify the legality of the initial business proposals, verify the consensus of the smart contracts, execute corresponding business operations and generate operation data, and accept the business processing results and generate acceptance results. The Collaborative Participation Module provides each participant with a personalized operation interface, displaying the corresponding business process nodes and operation functions according to the participant's permissions. It also provides functions such as submitting verification results and uploading acceptance results, making it convenient for participants to quickly complete relevant operations.

[0072] The smart contract module stores business process rule functions, parameters defining the rights and responsibilities of each party, and data interaction encryption specifications. It automates the execution of business processes, verifies the validity of operational data from each participant, and triggers dispute resolution processes. The smart contract module also includes a contract upgrade unit. When business requirements change, the business initiator, together with all collaborating participants, proposes a contract upgrade. After consensus verification, the contract upgrade unit completes the upgrade and deployment of the smart contract and writes the upgrade record to the blockchain to ensure the transparency and traceability of the contract upgrade process.

[0073] The data encryption module is used to encrypt business operation data using the AES-256 encryption algorithm and to generate shared keys for each process node using the ECDH algorithm to ensure the security of data transmission and storage. The data encryption module also includes a key management unit for lifecycle management of shared keys, including key generation, distribution, updating, and destruction, to ensure the security and availability of keys.

[0074] The consensus verification module is used to conduct consensus voting on smart contracts using the PBFT consensus algorithm. It uses a preset verification pass rate standard to judge the verification results and acceptance results of business proposals, ensuring the consistency and reliability of multi-party collaboration. The consensus verification module also includes a consensus result storage unit, which is used to write information such as consensus voting results and verification pass rate into the blockchain to ensure the traceability of the consensus process. Example 1: Multi-party collaborative business processing in the supply chain

[0075] This embodiment uses supply chain multi-party collaborative business processing as an example to illustrate in detail the specific implementation process of the blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method of the present invention:

[0076] Step S1: The business initiator is the manufacturer, who constructs an initial business proposal. The business objective is to complete the production and sales of a batch of electronic products. Participants include suppliers (raw material suppliers), logistics providers (logistics and transportation), and retailers (product sales). The business process nodes are divided into raw material procurement (k=1), production and processing (k=2), logistics and transportation (k=3), and sales settlement (k=4). The time thresholds for each process node are T=7 days, T=15 days, T=5 days, and T=3 days, respectively. The data exchange standard uses JSON format. The manufacturer generates a proposal hash value H for the initial business proposal based on the SM3 hash algorithm, uploads the plaintext of the initial business proposal and H to the blockchain node, and simultaneously sends its own identity identifier ID and signature Sig=Sign(SK,ID) to the blockchain node for identity authentication. The blockchain node verifies Sig using the manufacturer's public key PK; after successful verification, it receives the initial business proposal and H.

[0077] Step S2: Suppliers, logistics providers, and retailers obtain the initial business proposal plaintext and H through the blockchain node, and perform legality verification based on their own preset verification rules. Specifically, in the time threshold reasonableness verification, the standard time thresholds for this type of electronic product supply chain business are T=7 days, T=14 days, T=5 days, and T=3 days, respectively. The time reasonableness score for each process node is calculated as follows:

[0078] S = 1 - |7 - 7| / 7 = 1 ≥ 0.6, verification passed;

[0079] S = 1 - |15 - 14| / 14 ≈ 0.928 ≥ 0.6, verification passed;

[0080] S = 1 - |5 - 5| / 5 = 1 ≥ 0.6, verification passed;

[0081] S = 1 - |3 - 3| / 3 = 1 ≥ 0.6, verification passed.

[0082] Each participant determines that the initial business proposal has been verified and generates Res=pass, Res=pass, and Res=pass. They then use their own asymmetric keys to sign the verification results and upload Res and Sig to the blockchain.

[0083] Step S3: The manufacturer summarizes the verification results, sets the verification pass threshold θ=0.7, the total number of participants is 3, the number of participants that pass the verification is 3, the verification pass rate P=3 / 3=1≥0.7, and determines that the initial business proposal has passed the verification.

[0084] Step S4: Based on the verified initial business proposal, the manufacturer constructs a business collaboration smart contract SC, embedding a business process rule function F(x). Weight coefficients for each process node are set as α=0.3, α=0.4, α=0.2, α=0.1 (α+α+α+α=1). x represents the quantity and quality parameters of raw material procurement, and f(x) is the raw material procurement processing function (verifying whether the raw materials meet quality standards); x represents the production output and pass rate parameters, and f(x) is the production processing function (verifying whether the production output and pass rate meet standards); x represents the transportation time and goods integrity rate parameters, and f(x) is the logistics transportation processing function (verifying whether the transportation time and goods integrity rate meet standards); x represents the sales quantity and settlement amount parameters, and f(x) is the sales settlement processing function (verifying whether the sales quantity and settlement amount are accurate). Simultaneously, parameters defining the rights and responsibilities of each party and data interaction encryption specifications are embedded.

[0085] Step S5: Each participating party obtains the smart contract SC, performs consistency and compliance verification, and then uses the PBFT consensus algorithm to conduct consensus voting. There are 5 nodes in the blockchain network (f=1). After each node collects 3 or more confirmation messages, the consensus voting pass rate = 3 / 3 = 1 ≥ 0.7, and the smart contract SC is deployed to the blockchain.

[0086] Step S6: In the business processing phase, the supplier executes the raw material procurement operation according to the smart contract. Upon completion, it generates operation data (purchase quantity, quality inspection report, and purchase time). Each participant generates a shared key (Key) for the first process node using the ECDH algorithm. The supplier encrypts the Data using the AES-256 encryption algorithm and uploads the encrypted data and completion identifier to the blockchain. The blockchain node verifies the validity of the Data based on F(x), generates a Log, and writes it to the block. Subsequent production, processing, logistics, and sales settlement processes execute the above operations sequentially, generating corresponding encrypted operation data and business processing logs, which are then written to the blockchain.

[0087] Step S7: After all process nodes are completed, each participant verifies the business processing result, generates a Check result that has passed the verification, signs it, and uploads it to the blockchain.

[0088] Step S8: The manufacturer summarizes the acceptance results, and the acceptance pass rate is 3 / 3 = 1 ≥ 0.7. The business completion certificate is generated and written to the blockchain to complete the business loop.

[0089] In summary, this invention, through the decentralized, immutable, and consensus mechanisms of blockchain, ensures data security and trust reliability during multi-party collaboration, improves collaboration efficiency through automated execution of smart contracts, and simultaneously achieves traceability throughout the entire business process.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The business initiator constructs an initial business proposal, which includes business objectives, participant information, business process nodes, time thresholds and data interaction standards. Based on the SM3 hash algorithm, the initial business proposal generates a proposal hash value H and uploads the plaintext of the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H to the blockchain node. S2: Each participating party obtains the plaintext of the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H through the blockchain node, verifies the legality of the initial business proposal based on its own preset verification rules, generates a verification result Res, where i is the participant number, i=1,2,...,n, signs the verification result Res with its own asymmetric key to obtain Sig=Sign(SK,Res), and uploads Res and Sig to the blockchain; S3: The business initiator aggregates the verification results Res of all collaborating participants through the blockchain node, sets the verification pass threshold θ, and calculates the verification pass rate P, where P = number of participants that passed verification / total number of participants. If P ≥ θ, the initial business proposal is deemed to have passed verification, and step S4 is executed; if P < θ, the process returns to step S1, and the business initiator modifies the initial business proposal and re-uploads it. S4: Based on the verified initial business proposal, the business initiator constructs a business collaboration smart contract SC. The smart contract SC embeds a business process rule function F(x), a parameter Para defining the rights and responsibilities of each party, and a data interaction encryption specification. The business process rule function F(x) is defined as follows: In the formula, m is the total number of business process nodes, and α is the weight coefficient of the k-th process node. x is the input parameter of the k-th process node, and f(x) is the processing function of the k-th process node; S5: Each participating party obtains the smart contract SC, and performs consensus verification on the consistency and compliance of the smart contract SC based on the initial business proposal. The Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm is used for consensus voting. If the consensus voting pass rate is ≥θ, the smart contract SC is deployed to the blockchain; if the consensus voting pass rate is <θ, the process returns to step S4, where the business initiator, together with all participating parties, modifies the smart contract SC and resubmits it for consensus. S6: During the business processing phase, each participating party executes the corresponding business operations sequentially according to the business process node order agreed in the smart contract SC. After each process node is completed, operation data Data is generated, where k is the process node number and i is the participant number. Data is encrypted using the AES-256 encryption algorithm to obtain Enc(Data)=E(Key,Data), where Key is the shared key of the k-th process node, generated by each participant through a key negotiation algorithm. Enc(Data) and the completion identifier of the corresponding process node are uploaded to the blockchain. The blockchain node verifies the validity of the operation data based on the business process rule function F(x) in the smart contract SC. After successful verification, a business processing log Log is generated and written to the block. S7: After all business process nodes have been executed, each participating party will verify the business processing results, generate an verification result Check, sign the Check with its own asymmetric key to obtain Sig'=Sign(SK,Check), and upload the Check and Sig' to the blockchain. S8: The business initiator summarizes all acceptance results (Check) and uses the same verification pass rate standard as in step S3 to determine whether the acceptance is successful. If the acceptance is successful, a business completion certificate is generated and written to the blockchain to complete the business loop. If the acceptance is unsuccessful, a dispute coordination process is initiated based on the dispute handling rules in the smart contract SC until an agreement is reached or the business is terminated.

2. The blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, when the business initiator uploads the initial business proposal to the blockchain node, the following method is used for identity authentication: the business initiator sends its own identity identifier ID and signature Sig=Sign(SK,ID) to the blockchain node. The blockchain node uses the business initiator's public key PK to verify Sig. Only after the verification is successful will the blockchain node receive the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value H.

3. The blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the preset verification rules for collaborative participants include: participant permission matching verification, business objective feasibility verification, time threshold reasonableness verification, and data interaction standard compatibility verification; among them, the time threshold reasonableness verification calculates the time reasonableness score S using the following formula: In the formula, T is the time threshold in the initial business proposal, and T is the standard time threshold for this type of business; when S≥0.6, the time threshold verification is considered successful.

4. The blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the consensus process of the PBFT consensus algorithm includes three stages: Pre-prepare, Prepare, and Commit. In the Pre-prepare stage, the master node sends the smart contract SC and a pre-prepare message to all slave nodes. In the Prepare stage, each slave node verifies the validity of the pre-prepare message and then sends a prepare message to other nodes. In the Commit stage, each node sends a Commit message after collecting more than 2f+1 prepare messages. When a node collects more than 2f+1 Commit messages, the consensus is considered successful. Here, f is the maximum number of malicious nodes allowed in the blockchain network.

5. The blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the shared key Key is generated through the Elliptic Curve Key Negotiation (ECDH) algorithm. The specific process is as follows: each participant generates its own elliptic curve key pair (PK, SK) and broadcasts its public key PK to other participants; each participant calculates the shared key component based on its own private key SK and the public key PK (j≠i) of other participants, and generates the shared key Key of the kth process node through a preset key fusion algorithm.

6. A blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing system, characterized in that, include: The module includes a business initiation module, a blockchain node module, a collaborative participation module, a smart contract module, a data encryption module, and a consensus verification module. The business initiation module is used for the business initiator to construct an initial business proposal, generate a proposal hash value based on the SM3 hash algorithm, upload the initial business proposal and the proposal hash value to the blockchain node module, and complete identity authentication at the same time. It is also used to summarize verification and acceptance results, determine whether business proposal verification and business acceptance have passed, and generate business completion vouchers; The blockchain node module is used to receive and store initial business proposals, proposal hash values, verification results and signatures, smart contracts, encrypted operation data, business processing logs, acceptance results and signatures, and business completion certificates; it is also used to provide data interaction interfaces for each module to ensure decentralized storage and sharing of data. The collaborative participation module is used to enable each collaborative participant to obtain initial business proposals and smart contracts, verify the legality of the initial business proposals, verify the consensus of the smart contracts, execute corresponding business operations and generate operation data, and accept the business processing results and generate acceptance results. The smart contract module is used to store business process rule functions, parameters defining the rights and responsibilities of each party, and data interaction encryption specifications, to automatically execute business processes, verify the validity of the operation data of each participant, and trigger dispute resolution processes. The data encryption module is used to encrypt business operation data using the AES-256 encryption algorithm and to generate shared keys for each process node using the ECDH algorithm to ensure the security of data transmission and storage. The consensus verification module is used to conduct consensus voting on smart contracts using the PBFT consensus algorithm, and to judge the verification results and acceptance results of business proposals using a preset verification pass rate standard, so as to ensure the consistency and reliability of multi-party collaboration.

7. The blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The blockchain node module includes a data storage unit, an identity authentication unit, and an interface management unit. The data storage unit uses a distributed ledger to store blockchain data, ensuring the immutability and traceability of the data. The identity authentication unit uses an asymmetric encryption algorithm to verify the identities of each participant, ensuring the legitimacy of the participants' identities. The interface management unit provides standardized data interaction interfaces for the business initiation module, collaborative participation module, smart contract module, and data encryption module, ensuring collaborative work between the modules.

8. The blockchain-based multi-party collaborative business processing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The smart contract module also includes a contract upgrade unit. When business requirements change, the business initiator, together with all collaborating participants, proposes a contract upgrade proposal. After consensus verification, the contract upgrade unit completes the upgrade and deployment of the smart contract and writes the upgrade record to the blockchain.

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