Control entity and method for wireless communication system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a control entity for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system comprising a receiving entity, a transmitting entity, and a digital controllable scatterer (DCS), the DCS comprising a plurality of controllable scattering units. The control entity is configured to: determine a maximum number of training intervals; estimating a direct channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity; determining, for each training interval, a configuration set comprising one or more index subsets, each index subset comprising one or more indexes, each index corresponding to one of the plurality of scatter units included in the respective unit subset; an iterative process is performed to determine, for each training interval, an updated phase configuration for a plurality of scattering units of the DCS.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a wireless communication system using a digitally controllable scatterer (DCS). The disclosure provides a control entity for a wireless communication system including a receiving entity, a transmitting entity, and a DCS, the DCS comprising a plurality of controllable scattering elements. The control entity determines the updated phase configuration of the scattering elements of the DCS. The disclosure also provides a corresponding method and a computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] DCS, also known as reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), large intelligent surface (LIS), or intelligent repeater, can be implemented as a... A surface composed of scattering units, each of which can control the phase of its scattered signal. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a DCS can be implemented as a single block or multiple blocks, a plane or any type of surface, a collection of surfaces, or a sub-surface of one or more DCSs.

[0003] In a DCS-assisted communication system, the DCS is placed in a propagation environment with transmitters and receivers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure and its solutions are based on the inventors’ considerations regarding DCS-assisted communication systems.

[0005] Figure 2 An example of a conventional DCS-assisted communication system is shown, in which two nodes 201 and 202 communicate with the support of DCS 203, which includes... 204 scattering units.

[0006] exist Figure 2 In an exemplary communication system, the signal received at receiving node 202 from sending node 201 can be written as equation (1):

[0007]

[0008] in:

[0009] ● It is a transmit (pilot) signal from transmitting node 201.

[0010] ● It is an additive noise term.

[0011] ● It is a direct channel, which means the electromagnetic environment through which the transmitted signal reaches the receiving node 202 without being scattered by the DCS 203.

[0012] ● It is a communication between sending node 201 and receiving node 202 via multiple (DCS 203) The effective channel of scattering unit 204 (units). In practice, in most cases, ,in, This indicates that the sending node 201 and the receiving node 202 communicate via multiple ( The channel of scattering unit 204, wherein, ,symbol This refers to the Hadamard product. This represents the set containing all scattering units 204.

[0013] ● This indicates that the transmitted signal has arrived. The channel vector of the electromagnetic environment through which each scattering unit 204 passes.

[0014] ● It is the channel vector representing the electromagnetic environment through which the scattered signal from DCS 203 passes to receive node 202.

[0015] ● yes The DCS configuration vector of each DCS scattering unit 204 is a function applied to the phase of the scattering unit 204.

[0016] In this disclosure, scalars are represented by lowercase letters, vectors by bold lowercase letters, and matrices by bold uppercase letters. Operations This indicates the transpose of the input.

[0017] One of the main challenges of using DCS in communication networks is the long time required to obtain DCS phase configuration. This is especially true as the number of DCS units increases (…). The number of pilots and training intervals required to determine the DCS phase configuration will also increase accordingly. However, due to time constraints in many scenarios (e.g., latency-sensitive or short channel coherence time (e.g., due to mobility)), the number of training intervals used to obtain the DCS phase configuration should not exceed a certain constraint. (training intervals), even though this may prevent the optimal DCS phase configuration from being achieved.

[0018] The current scheme considers sequential and independent DCS designs (or DCS configurations) for the channel estimation and data communication phases. This means that the DCS phase configurations acquired for each pilot may be completely different from each other, and therefore, the final configuration will result in completely different phase configurations.

[0019] An ON / OFF algorithm is proposed, in which only one scattering unit is turned on at each pilot time, while the rest are turned off. After each pilot, the DCS controller estimates the channel between the transmitting and receiving nodes via the turned-on unit. This method converges to the optimal phase configuration very slowly because only one DCS unit is configured after each pilot. Furthermore, the requirement for ON / OFF capability is a significant constraint, as it can increase the complexity and cost of the DCS implementation.

[0020] In another current approach, the DCS is divided into a fixed number of M non-overlapping DCS scattering units (tiles), where a tile is a group or set of DCS scattering units. The effective channel between the transmitting and receiving nodes via each tile is then estimated. While this method can reduce the number of required pilots to M, for larger groups (i.e., fewer tiles), the units within a group experience different channel conditions, and grouping them together leads to a significant degradation in system performance.

[0021] Other approaches consider joint DCS design for the channel estimation and data communication phases. This means that the DCS design during the channel estimation phase can be directly (or with slight modifications) used in the data communication phase. A progressive DCS design algorithm is proposed, in which, for each received pilot, the DCS scattering element is optimized to serve both the data and channel estimation phases, while unoptimized DCS scattering elements are treated as valid elements and assigned a common phase shift. However, this approach has a slow convergence rate because only one DCS scattering element is configured per pilot.

[0022] In view of the above, this disclosure aims to improve current schemes for obtaining DCS phase configuration. One objective is to achieve fast phase configuration of multiple scattering units in a DCS. Another objective is to make it possible to assign different phases to multiple scattering units within an allocated time, given a number of training intervals.

[0023] This disclosure achieves these and other objectives according to the schemes described in the independent claims. Advantageous implementations are further described in the dependent claims.

[0024] A first aspect of this disclosure provides a control entity for a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system includes a receiving entity, a transmitting entity, and a DCS (Distributed Control System), the DCS including a plurality of scattering units, each scattering unit having a controllable phase shift. The control entity is used to: determine the maximum number of training intervals. Estimate the direct channel between the sending entity and the receiving entity; for each training interval , Determine a configuration set that includes one or more subsets of indexes. Each index subset includes one or more indices, wherein each index corresponds to one of the plurality of scattering units included in the corresponding unit subset; an iterative process is performed to determine, for each training interval, an updated phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units of the DCS based on the estimated direct channel and based on one or more estimated effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the corresponding unit subset, wherein the corresponding unit subset corresponds to the index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets.

[0025] In one implementation of the first aspect, the iterative process includes performing one or more iterations, each iteration corresponding to each training interval. , Each iteration includes the following steps: in the iteration In the process, before transmitting one or more pilot signals sent from the transmitting entity, for the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets in the set, a corresponding phase shift is applied to the phase configuration of the one or more scattering units in the unit subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset; for the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets in the configuration set, estimate the corresponding effective channel between the sending entity and the receiving entity via the cell subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset; For each of the one or more index subsets in the [reference], determine the corresponding new phase shift of the one or more scattering units in the unit subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset.

[0026] Each iteration also includes: for the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets in the index, update the corresponding phase configuration of the one or more scattering units in the unit subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset according to the determined one or more new phase shifts; estimate a new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units; and determine at least one quality index based on the estimated new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units, and / or based on the one or more determined new phase shifts of the one or more scattering units in the one or more scattering unit subsets corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset.

[0027] In one implementation of the first aspect, in each iteration, the new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units is estimated based on the determined one or more new phase shifts and based on the one or more estimated effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the corresponding one or more subsets of units corresponding to the indices in the corresponding one or more subsets of indices.

[0028] In one implementation of the first aspect, the control entity is further configured to determine the initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS; and to estimate the effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS.

[0029] In one implementation of the first aspect, the control entity is further configured to: determine a phase shift of the initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units of the DCS based on the estimated direct channel and the estimated effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units of the DCS, to optimize at least one quality metric; update the initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units of the DCS based on the determined phase shift; and estimate a new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units of the DCS.

[0030] In one implementation of the first aspect, a new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units of the DCS is estimated based on the determined phase shift of the initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units of the DCS and based on the estimated effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units of the DCS.

[0031] In one implementation of the first aspect, any training interval The index subsets are disjoint.

[0032] In one implementation of the first aspect, the control entity is further configured to construct a configuration set including the one or more configuration sets. The set of configurations , wherein the set Having a base .

[0033] In one implementation of the first aspect, each of the one or more valid channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the corresponding subset of cells corresponding to the index in the corresponding subset of the index is estimated based on the one or more received pilot signals.

[0034] In one implementation of the first aspect, each of the one or more effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units is estimated based on the one or more received pilot signals and at least one of the estimated new effective channels estimated in one or more previous iterations between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units, or in the case of the first iteration based on the updated estimated effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units.

[0035] In one implementation of the first aspect, the one or more iterations are performed until a predefined stopping criterion is met. Alternatively, the one or more iterations are performed until the maximum training interval is reached. .

[0036] In one implementation of the first aspect, the DCS further includes a DCS controller for setting the phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units, and the control entity is implemented in the DCS controller. Alternatively, the control entity is implemented in both the receiving entity and the DCS controller.

[0037] In one implementation of the first aspect, the control entity is further configured to: notify the DCS of the set of configuration sets. and the corresponding phase shift of the one or more scattering elements in the unit subset, the unit subset corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in; at each iteration i, control the DCS to use the corresponding configuration set. The corresponding phase shift is then applied to the one or more scattering elements in the element subset, which corresponds to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in.

[0038] Alternatively, the control entity is also configured to notify the DCS of the configuration set at each iteration i. The phase shift of each of the one or more index subsets and the one or more scattering units in the scattering unit subset, the scattering unit subset corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in.

[0039] Alternatively, the control entity may also be used in each iteration At that time, the DCS is notified of the phase shift of one or more scattering units in the subset of scattering units, the subset of scattering units corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in.

[0040] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a method for controlling a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system including a receiving entity, a transmitting entity, and a DCS, the DCS including a plurality of scattering units, each scattering unit having a controllable phase shift. The method includes: determining a maximum number of training intervals. Estimate the direct channel between the sending entity and the receiving entity; for each training interval , Determine a configuration set that includes one or more subsets of indexes. Each index subset includes one or more indices, wherein each index corresponds to one of the scattering units included in the corresponding unit subset; an iterative process is performed to determine, for each training interval, an updated phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units of the DCS based on the estimated direct channel and based on one or more estimated effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the corresponding unit subset, wherein the corresponding unit subset corresponds to the index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets.

[0041] In one implementation of the second aspect, the iterative process includes performing one or more iterations, each iteration corresponding to each training interval. , Each iteration includes the following steps: in the iteration In the process, before transmitting one or more pilot signals sent from the transmitting entity, for the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets in the set, a corresponding phase shift is applied to the phase configuration of the one or more scattering units in the unit subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset; for the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets in the configuration set, estimate the corresponding effective channel between the sending entity and the receiving entity via the cell subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset; For each of the one or more index subsets in the [reference], determine the corresponding new phase shift of the one or more scattering units in the unit subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset.

[0042] Each iteration also includes: for the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets in the index, update the corresponding phase configuration of the one or more scattering units in the unit subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset according to the determined one or more new phase shifts; estimate a new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units; and determine at least one quality index based on the estimated new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units, and / or based on the one or more determined new phase shifts of the one or more scattering units in the one or more scattering unit subsets corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset.

[0043] In one implementation of the second aspect, in each iteration, the new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units is estimated based on the determined one or more new phase shifts and based on the one or more estimated effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the corresponding one or more subsets of units corresponding to the indices in the corresponding one or more subsets of indices.

[0044] In one implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes determining an initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS; and estimating an effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS.

[0045] In one implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes determining a phase shift of the initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS based on the estimated direct channel and the estimated effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS, to optimize at least one quality metric; updating the initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS based on the determined phase shift; and estimating a new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering elements of the DCS.

[0046] In one implementation of the second aspect, the new effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units of the DCS is estimated based on the determined phase shift of the initial phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units of the DCS and the estimated effective channel between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units of the DCS.

[0047] In one implementation of the second aspect, any training interval The index subsets are disjoint.

[0048] In one implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes constructing a configuration set comprising the one or more configuration sets. The set of configurations , wherein the set Having a base .

[0049] In one implementation of the second aspect, each of the one or more valid channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the corresponding unit subset corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset is estimated based on the one or more received pilot signals.

[0050] In one implementation of the second aspect, each of the one or more effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units is estimated based on the one or more received pilot signals and at least one of the estimated new effective channels estimated in one or more previous iterations between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units, or in the case of the first iteration based on the updated estimated effective channels between the transmitting entity and the receiving entity via the plurality of scattering units.

[0051] In one implementation of the second aspect, the method includes performing the one or more iterations until a predefined stopping criterion is met. Alternatively, the method further includes performing the one or more iterations until the maximum training interval is reached. .

[0052] In one implementation of the second aspect, the DCS further includes a DCS controller for setting the phase configuration of the plurality of scattering units, and the control entity is implemented in the DCS controller. Alternatively, the control entity is implemented in both the receiving entity and the DCS controller.

[0053] In one implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes: notifying the DCS of the set of configuration sets. and the corresponding phase shift of the one or more scattering elements in the unit subset, the unit subset corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in; at each iteration i, control the DCS to use the corresponding configuration set. The corresponding phase shift is then applied to the one or more scattering elements in the element subset, which corresponds to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in.

[0054] Alternatively, the method further includes notifying the DCS of the configuration set at each iteration i. The phase shift of each of the one or more index subsets and the one or more scattering units in the scattering unit subset, the scattering unit subset corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in.

[0055] Alternatively, the method may also include in each iteration At that time, the DCS is notified of the phase shift of one or more scattering units in the subset of scattering units, the subset of scattering units corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets in.

[0056] A third aspect of this disclosure provides a computer program product including program code that, when implemented on a processor, executes the method or implementation thereof according to the second aspect.

[0057] The method described in the second aspect and the computer program product and its implementation described in the third aspect provide the same advantages and effects as described above for the control entity and its corresponding implementation described in the first aspect.

[0058] This disclosure provides a fast DCS phase configuration process, which is based on the maximum allowed number of training intervals. The process can obtain this maximum allowed number of training intervals as input to the DCS phase configuration process. For example, the number of training intervals can be derived from the system's time constraints. Such constraints could be, for example, the estimated coherence time of the propagation channel. The advantages of the scheme disclosed herein can be summarized as follows:

[0059] ●The phase configuration operation is designed based on a given time constraint, and the method can converge quickly within the time constraint.

[0060] ●The above scheme can update all scattering units in each training interval, that is, a complete DCS phase configuration update can be performed in each training interval. The benefit of doing so is that it can quickly converge to the improved DCS configuration, where the above improvement corresponds to the enhancement of the system's quality indicators, such as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

[0061] ● These schemes operate iteratively. Through the iterative process, desired metrics can be measured after each training interval, and the phase configuration process terminates if the expected performance is met. Therefore, this scheme can achieve joint channel estimation and DCS configuration based on the time constraints and conditions of the target application.

[0062] ●The frame structure has a certain degree of flexibility due to the use of an iterative process.

[0063] It should be noted that all devices, elements, units, and apparatuses described in this application can be implemented in software or hardware elements or any combination thereof. All steps performed by the various entities described in this application, and functions described as being performed by the various entities, are intended to indicate that the respective entities are suitable for or used to perform the respective steps and functions. Even though specific functions or steps performed by external entities are not reflected in the specific detailed descriptions of the elements of the entities performing said specific steps or functions in the following description of particular embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these methods and functions can be implemented in the corresponding software or hardware elements or any combination thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0064] The above aspects and implementations will be set forth in the following description of specific embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0065] Figure 1 An exemplary configuration of the DCS scattering surface is shown;

[0066] Figure 2 An example of a conventional DCS-assisted wireless communication system is shown;

[0067] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a control entity for a wireless communication system according to the present disclosure is shown;

[0068] Figure 4 This disclosure illustrates the configuration set for offline construction. An exemplary flowchart for updating the phase configuration of the scattering unit in the following situation;

[0069] Figure 5An exemplary schematic diagram of a subset of one or more scattering units according to the present disclosure is shown;

[0070] Figure 6 An exemplary flowchart illustrating phase configuration updates for scattering units according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown, which is for online construction of configuration sets. In the case of configuration sets In iteration Time construction;

[0071] Figure 7 a) and 7b) illustrate two possible DCS auxiliary communication frame structures according to this disclosure;

[0072] Figure 8 An example of information exchange between a control entity, a transmitting entity, a DCS, and a receiving entity according to this disclosure is shown;

[0073] Figure 9 A method for a wireless communication system according to the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0074] A list of definitions and symbols used in this disclosure is now provided:

[0075] ●Variables The estimated value is expressed as .

[0076] ● It is an ordered set of configuration sets, whose cardinality is equal to ,Right now, ,gather Each element in, that is, each configuration set , is a set of subsets of scattering units, which divides the scattering units into A subset, therefore Subset ,in It is used to identify training intervals. A subset of the indices of one or more scattering units during the period, It is a set The cardinality (i.e., ).

[0077] ● This represents the effective channel between the sending entity and the receiving entity via a subset of scattering units, which corresponds to the index subset. The indexes in (or identified by these indexes) (i.e., only consider those in) The contribution of the scattering units in the index).

[0078] ● The cardinality (number of elements) of a set.

[0079] ● It represents the square root of a positive complex number –1, that is, the imaginary number or imaginary unit.

[0080] In the following text of this disclosure, symbols and They are used to represent the first The first training interval One transmit (pilot) and receive signal.

[0081] Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment of a control entity 100 for a wireless communication system 1 according to the present disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 1 includes a receiving entity 120, a transmitting entity 110, and a DCS 130. The DCS 130 includes a plurality of scattering elements 131, each scattering element 131 having a controllable phase shift 134. The wireless communication system 1 may also include the control entity 100. Alternatively, the control entity 100 may be an entity external to the wireless communication system 1.

[0082] The control entity 100 of this disclosure may include a processor or processing circuitry (not shown) for performing, conducting, or initiating various operations of the device 100 described herein. The processing circuitry may include hardware, and / or may be controlled by software. The hardware may include analog or digital circuitry, or both. The digital circuitry may include components such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), or multi-purpose processors. The control entity 100 may also include memory circuitry storing one or more instructions that can be executed by the processor or processing circuitry, particularly under software control. For example, the memory circuitry may include a non-transitory storage medium storing executable software code that, when executed by the processor or processing circuitry, enables various operations of the control entity 100 to be performed. The processing circuitry may include one or more processors and non-transitory memory connected to the one or more processors. Non-transient memory can carry executable program code that, when executed by one or more processors, causes control entity 100 to perform, conduct, or initiate the operations or methods described herein.

[0083] Transmitting entity 110 may include a single transmitting antenna. Alternatively, transmitting entity 110 may include multiple transmitting antennas.

[0084] Receiver 120 may include a single receiving antenna. Alternatively, receiver 120 may include multiple receiving antennas.

[0085] Control entity 100 is used to determine the maximum number of training intervals. For example, but not as a limitation, control entity 100 can take time constraints as input and can convert time constraints into training intervals. , used to calculate the phase configuration 133 of DCS 130.

[0086] The transmitting entity 110 can be used to transmit one or more radio frequency signals. Then, the control entity 100 is used to estimate the direct channel 101 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 based on the received one or more radio frequency signals.

[0087] Additionally, for each training interval ,in Control entity 100 is used to determine the configuration set. 103. Each configuration set 103 includes one or more subsets of the index. 104, each index subset 104 includes one or more indices, each index corresponding to one of the plurality of scattering units 131 included in the corresponding subset of scattering units 132.

[0088] The control entity 100 is also configured to execute an iterative process to determine, for each training interval, an updated phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering units 131 of the DCS 130 based on the estimated direct channel 101 and one or more estimated effective channels 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via corresponding unit subsets 132, wherein the corresponding unit subsets 132 correspond to one or more index subsets. The index in the corresponding index subset of 104.

[0089] The iterative process involves performing one or more iterations, each iteration corresponding to a training interval. , Each iteration includes the steps described below.

[0090] First, the iterative process includes the following steps: In the iteration In the process, before transmitting one or more pilot signals sent from transmitting entity 110, for the configuration set One or more index subsets in 103 For each of 104, apply the corresponding phase shift 134 to the corresponding index subset. The phase configuration 133 of one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132 corresponding to the index in 104.

[0091] Next, the iteration process includes the following steps: For configuration sets One or more index subsets in 103 For each of 104, the estimated communication between the sending entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the corresponding index subset is determined. The index in 104 corresponds to the effective channel 102 of one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132.

[0092] Then, the iterative process includes the following steps: for configuration sets One or more index subsets in 103 For each of 104, determine the corresponding subset of the index. The corresponding new phase shift 134 of one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132 corresponding to the index in 104.

[0093] The iterative process also includes the following steps: for configuration sets One or more index subsets in 103 For each of 104, update the corresponding index subset based on one or more determined new phase shifts 134. The corresponding phase configuration 133 of one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132 corresponding to the index in 104.

[0094] The iterative process then includes the following steps: estimating a new effective channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units 131.

[0095] The iterative process also includes the following steps: based on the estimated new effective channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units 131, and / or based on the corresponding index subset. One or more determined new phase shifts 134 of one or more scattering units 131 in one or more subsets of scattering units 132 corresponding to the index in 104 determine at least one quality index.

[0096] Perform one or more iterations as disclosed above until a predefined stopping criterion is met. Alternatively, perform the one or more iterations until the maximum number of training intervals is reached. .

[0097] Through the above iterative process, this embodiment enables the control entity to quickly and efficiently update the phase configuration of multiple scattering units in each training interval.

[0098] In this exemplary embodiment, in each iteration, based on the determined one or more new phase shifts 134, and based on the communication between the sending entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via corresponding one or more index subsets... One or more estimated effective channels 102 corresponding to the index in 104 are estimated for one or more corresponding subsets of units 132, and new effective channels 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 are estimated via multiple scattering units 131.

[0099] In each iteration disclosed above, the distance between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via an index subset can be estimated based on one or more received pilot signals. The index in 104 corresponds to each of one or more effective channels 102 of one or more scattering units 131 in the subset of units 132.

[0100] Alternatively, in each iteration disclosed above, based on one or more received pilot signals, and based on at least one of the estimated new effective channels 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via a plurality of scattering units 131 estimated in one or more previous iterations, the effective channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via a corresponding index subset is estimated. The index in 104 corresponds to each of one or more effective channels 102 of one or more scattering units 131 in the corresponding unit subset 132.

[0101] Control entity 100 may perform an initialization phase. That is, control entity 100 is also used to determine the initial phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering elements 131 of DCS 130. Next, control entity 100 is used to estimate the effective channel 102 between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120 via the plurality of scattering elements 131 of DCS 130.

[0102] Next, control entity 100 may update the initial phase configuration 133 of DCS 130 as follows: Control entity 100 determines the phase shift 134 of the initial phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering elements 131 of DCS 130 based on the estimated direct channel 102 and the estimated effective channel 102 between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120 via the plurality of scattering elements 131 of DCS 130, in order to optimize at least one quality metric.

[0103] Then, the control entity 100 updates the initial phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering elements 131 of the DCS 130 according to the determined phase shift 134. Next, the control entity 100 estimates a new effective channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the plurality of scattering elements 131 of the DCS 130.

[0104] Based on the determined phase shift 134 of the initial phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering units 131 of DCS 130, and based on the estimated effective channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the plurality of scattering units 131 of DCS 130, the control entity 100 estimates a new effective channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the plurality of scattering units 131 of DCS 130.

[0105] Control entity 100 is also used to construct a configuration set including one or more configuration sets. The set of configurations for 103 105, where the set 105 has a base ,Right now, .

[0106] In other words, a collection of configuration sets 105 represents , making , (Right now, () is during the training interval Configuration set used during Subset of indexes of scattering units in 104.

[0107] Any training interval index subset 104 are disjoint, that is, ; ; ,and .

[0108] In an embodiment, DCS 130 may further include a DCS controller (not shown) for setting the phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering units 131, and control entity 100 may be implemented in the DCS controller. Alternatively, control entity 100 may be implemented in the DCS controller, receiving entity 120 and / or transmitting entity 110, that is, control entity 100 may be distributed in DCS 130, receiving entity 120 and / or transmitting entity 110.

[0109] exist Figure 3In an exemplary embodiment, the control entity is used to notify the DCS 130 of the configuration set. The set of 103 105 and a corresponding determined phase shift 134 for one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132, the unit subset 132 corresponding to each configuration set The corresponding index subsets included in 103 Index in 104.

[0110] Then, control entity 100 is used to control DCS 130 to use the set in each iteration i. The corresponding configuration set in 105 103 and apply the corresponding phase shift 134 to one or more scattering elements 131 in the element subset 132, the element subset 132 corresponding to each configuration set. The corresponding index subset in one or more index subsets in 103 Index in 104.

[0111] Alternatively, control entity 100 may notify DCS 130 of the configuration set during each iteration i. One or more index subsets in 103 Each of 104 and the corresponding phase shift 134 of one or more scattering units 131 in the scattering unit subset 132, the scattering unit subset 132 corresponding to each configuration set One or more subsets of indexes The indexes in the corresponding index subset of 104. Next, control entity 100 controls DCS 130 to use the received configuration set at each iteration i. 103 and apply the corresponding phase shift 134 to one or more scattering elements 131 in the element subset 132, the element subset 132 corresponding to each configuration set. Each index subset in 103 Index in 104.

[0112] Alternatively, control entity 100 is used in each iteration At that time, the DCS 130 is notified of the phase shift 134 of one or more scattering units 131 in the scattering unit subset 132, which corresponds to each configuration set. One or more index subsets in 103 The index in the corresponding index subset of 104.

[0113] In other words, control entity 100 can be in each time interval , The information required to notify the DCS 130 to apply the updated phase configuration 133 to multiple scattering units 131 is sent.

[0114] Therefore, in this embodiment, the control entity 100 is able to configure the scattering unit of the DCS 130 within the time constraints acquired as input (i.e., determine the phase configuration 133 of the DCS 130).

[0115] This phase configuration process is designed based on a given time constraint, namely, the number of training intervals used to determine the DCS phase configuration is limited to a maximum of [missing value]. This is determined based on the given time constraints. Then, constraints on the number of training intervals are used to create... Different configuration sets The set of 103 105. Each configuration set includes one or more subsets of indexes. 104. These index subsets refer to each of one or more scattering units 131 included in the unit subset 132.

[0116] Furthermore, in the scheme provided in this embodiment, each time interval corresponds to one iteration, which consists of the following: using in A configuration set A subset of the scattering cells defined in the table is used to perform DCS configuration, effective channel estimation, and update the DCS phase configuration. At each time interval (each iteration), the updated phase configuration is applied to each scattering cell in the subset of cells corresponding to the corresponding index subset within the considered configuration set.

[0117] Furthermore, based on the desired objective (i.e., the performance of quality metrics) and the given scenario, Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment of the control entity 100 may converge after only a few iterations, thereby achieving high efficiency with fewer required pilots and processing resources.

[0118] Figure 4 The following is shown in accordance with this disclosure: Figure 3 An exemplary flowchart of the features disclosed above in an exemplary embodiment of the control entity 100.

[0119] In step 401, control entity 100 may perform an input step. In this step, control entity 100 may obtain a time constraint for calculating the phase configuration from wireless communication system 1. Based on this time constraint, control entity 100 may obtain the maximum possible number of training intervals. .

[0120] Alternatively, for example, control entity 100 can acquire other auxiliary information, such as the location of sending entity 110 and / or receiving entity 120, or information about the environment. Control entity 100 can then use this information to determine the maximum possible number of training intervals. .

[0121] Next, in step 402, the control entity 100 can construct a set of configuration sets according to the given time constraints. 105.

[0122] Next, in step 403, the control entity 100 can perform an initialization step. That is, the control entity 100 can assign an initial phase configuration 133 of multiple scattering units 131 to the DCS 130 (i.e., The initial phase configuration 133 can be random, can be obtained as input, or can be determined (calculated) based on some previously obtained information about the wireless communication system 1.

[0123] Then, control entity 100 can estimate the direct channel 101 between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120, as well as the effective channel between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units 131 of DCS 130. Channel estimation can be performed using conventional methods.

[0124] The initial phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering units 131 can then be updated to improve the quality metric of interest. That is, the control entity can determine the phase shift 134 of the initial phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering units 131 based on the estimated direct channel 102 and the estimated effective channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the plurality of scattering units 131, thereby optimizing at least one quality metric.

[0125] Additionally, the initial phase configuration 133 of all scattering units 131 can be updated using a determined phase shift 134. Next, a new effective channel 102 is estimated between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the multiple scattering units 131 of the DCS 130, wherein the scattering units have the updated phase configuration 133 applied.

[0126] Next, in step 404, the iterative process can be initiated. Each iteration corresponds to a maximum of... The training interval for each iteration.

[0127] The iterative process may include step 405: pre-configuring DCS 130. That is, in each recursion... In the configuration set Each index subset in 104, Phase Shift 134 (also known as pre-configured phase shift) is applied to the corresponding subset of indexes. One or more scattering units 131 in the corresponding unit subset 132 of 104, wherein, Indicates the pilot number. Indicates the subset number.

[0128] In the set Select the configuration set from the possible options in 105. 103 can be configured in the set. The order in which they appear can be determined, or it can be based on the standards and / or performance standards determined by the structural design.

[0129] Additionally, the iterative process may include step 406: channel estimation. In this step, control entity 100 may perform channel estimation after transmitting the pilot signal in pre-configuration step 405. In step 406, control entity 100 may perform channel estimation in each iteration. At that time, it is estimated that the communication between the sending entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 is via an index subset. The index in 104 corresponds to one or more effective channels of one or more scattering units 131 in the subset 132 of units, i.e., the estimation and to Perform this estimate.

[0130] The above estimation can be achieved, for example, by using the method described in step 405 of the DCS pre-configuration process. The pilot signal received at each training interval, and the signal transmitted between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via all scattering units 131, from the previous iteration (or the first iteration) The effective channels (i.e., those known from the initialization step 403 in the first iteration) are known from the training intervals. ).

[0131] Next, the iterative process may include step 407: DCS update. In this step, for the configuration set... Each index subset in 104. Using the determined new phase shift 134 of one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132, update the corresponding index subset. Phase configuration 133 of one or more scattering units in the corresponding unit subset 132 of 104 to improve system performance while meeting desired performance or quality indicators.

[0132] Then, the updated phase configuration 133 is applied to the corresponding index subset. One or more scattering units 131 in the corresponding subset 132 of 104, thereby for the configuration set Subset of indexes in For each subset of cells in index 104, the estimated communication between sending entity 110 and receiving entity 120 via configuration set is obtained. The corresponding index subset in 103 New effective channel 102 of multiple scattering units 131 in the corresponding unit subset 132 of 104 .

[0133] Next, the control entity 100 can determine the new effective channel 102 estimated between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units 131, and / or based on the corresponding index subset. One or more determined new phase shifts 134 of one or more scattering units 131 in one or more subsets of scattering units 132 corresponding to the index in 104 determine (or calculate) at least one quality index.

[0134] The iterative process may also include step 408: determining whether the stopping criteria are met, or whether the maximum number of training intervals has been reached. (i.e., set) All configuration sets in 105 All 103 areas have been explored.

[0135] The stopping criteria may include (for example, but not a limitation) an updated phase configuration 133 that achieves the desired value of at least one quality metric.

[0136] If the predetermined criteria are met, the recursive process completes successfully, see step 409. Otherwise, the recursive process can continue to the next iteration, and steps 405 to 408 above can be executed again.

[0137] Figure 4 The flowchart involves configuration sets Offline construction of 103.

[0138] For ease of explanation, it is now presented Figure 3 Features of control entity 100 and Figure 4 An exemplary implementation of the steps in the exemplary flowchart shown.

[0139] In this example, it is assumed that the performance objective of the DCS phase configuration is to maximize the SNR. Furthermore, the following assumptions are considered:

[0140] ● ,in, This represents the channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units 131, wherein, .

[0141] ●All configuration sets 103 contains A subset of indexes 104, that is, .

[0142] ● Each configuration set Subset of indexes in 103 104 are disjoint, and their union contains all One scattering unit 131, that is, .

[0143] ● Each training interval contains One pilot.

[0144] This disclosure is not limited to these conditions and can be used in other situations.

[0145] In this example, control entity 100 can obtain the time constraint of DCS phase configuration 133 in input step 401, and can also obtain the maximum number of training intervals. .

[0146] Then, in step 402, control entity 100 can determine the configuration set. 103. Index Subset 104 and the corresponding unit subset 132. Additionally, the control entity 100 can construct a set of configuration sets based on given time constraints. . Figure 5 It shows in (Two subsets in each iteration) and An example of the scattering unit subset 132, where, for each iteration Configuration set With two index subsets and Each of these two index subsets corresponds to (identifies) the corresponding unit subset 132. In Figure 5 In each iteration In this example, one subset of cells is displayed in light gray, while another subset is displayed in dark gray. This demonstrates that cells within a subset may not be adjacent.

[0147] Alternatively, selection can be made based on given information about wireless communication system 1, such as time constraints or any suitable auxiliary information. The value of .

[0148] In step 403, the control entity 100 can estimate the direct channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120, as well as the effective channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via all scattering units 131, using the initial phase configuration 133. Additionally, the control entity can update the initial phase configuration 133 of all scattering units 131. One possible implementation of this step is as follows:

[0149] For the first pilot The control entity 100 can configure the initial phase. 133 is assigned to multiple scattering elements 131 of the DCS130. Initial phase configuration. The choice of 133 can be random, obtained as input, or calculated based on some previously obtained information.

[0150] The signal received at receiving entity 120 can be determined by control entity 100 and is given in equation (2):

[0151]

[0152] For the second pilot signal Control entity 100 can be controlled by The given initial phase shift of 134 is applied to the initial phase configuration. 133. Therefore, the new phase configuration vector 133 is determined as follows: The received signal can take the form given in equation (3):

[0153]

[0154] Considering equations (2) and (3), the direct channel between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120 and the effective channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units 131 For example, equation (4) can be used to estimate:

[0155]

[0156] Using the channel estimates above, the phase shift 134 of all scattering units 131 that improve SNR can be determined (or calculated) by aligning the direct channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120, and is given in equation (5):

[0157]

[0158] Therefore, the phase vector becomes The same formula is valid even when there is no direct channel between the sending entity 110 and the receiving entity 120, and The result will be close to zero, making equation (5) usable. .

[0159] In phase shift 134 is applied to the initial phase configuration 133 (i.e., to shift the phase). After adding the phase of all scattering units to the DCS, the effective channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the multiple scattering units 131 is adopted. In the form of.

[0160] Here, as previously described, by transmitting two pilot signals, the direct channel between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120, as well as the effective channel between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120 via all scattering units 131, can be estimated. However, to improve the accuracy of the estimation, more pilot signals can be transmitted.

[0161] If more pilots are allocated in time, the number of training intervals needs to be reduced. This allocation of time resources between training intervals and the number of time pilots can be pre-done during initialization step 403, or it can be done by considering only... Adjusting a subset of 105 This allows for dynamic adjustments. When allocating pilots in other dimensions such as frequency, time adjustment may not be required.

[0162] Then, in step 404, the iterative process can begin. In each iteration, control entity 100 can execute step 405: pre-configure the scattering unit 131 before transmitting the pilot signal. That is, before transmitting the pilot signal... pilots (of which, Before that, for each time interval Control entity 100 can control DCS 130 to pre-configured phase shift. 134 is applied to the phase configuration vector 133. Therefore, the pre-configured phase vector 133 takes the form given in equation (6):

[0163]

[0164] in, Indicates the training interval In, with index subset The phase configuration vector 133 of the scattering unit 131 in the corresponding unit subset 132 of 104, or in the first iteration In this case, it refers to the initial phase configuration vector 133 calculated in the initialization step or the updated phase configuration vector 133. Indicates training interval In the pilot Location, and index subset Phase pre-configuration of scattering units 131 in subset 132 corresponding to 104.

[0165] The signal received at receiving entity 120 can be represented by equation (7):

[0166]

[0167] in , Indicates training interval China's target The received signal is transmitted via the secondary pilot.

[0168] The receiving entity 120 can be used to feed back the received signal to the control entity 100. Alternatively, the receiving entity 120 can perform subsequent channel estimation steps and also feed back the channel estimate to the control entity 100. Additionally / alternatively, the control entity 100 can be partially located at the receiving entity 120; for example, the control entity 100 can be distributed among different components of the wireless communication system 1.

[0169] Depending on the capabilities of DCS 130, different signal transmissions between control entity 100 and DCS 130 can be designed for this step. For example, the aforementioned signal transmissions could be:

[0170] ●At input step 401, control entity 100 can notify DCS 130 of the collection. 105 and pre-configured phase shift 134 (of which) , DCS 130 can collect 105 and phase shift Stored in memory. Then, in each iteration... At that time, control entity 100 can simply command DCS 130 to switch to a collection. The next configuration set in 105 103, for configuration sets Each of 103 104, DCS 130 can perform the required pre-configured phase shift. 134 is applied to and The corresponding index subset in 103 One or more scattering units 131 in the subset 132 corresponding to 104.

[0171] ● At input step 401, control entity 100 does not send information to DCS 130. At DCS pre-configuration step 405, control entity 100 can indicate the configuration set to DCS 130. Subset of indexes in 103 104 and the corresponding pre-configured phase shift 134.

[0172] ● At input step 401, control entity 100 does not send information to DCS 130. At DCS pre-configuration step 405, control entity 100 may indicate to DCS 130 the phase of each scattering element 131 in element subset 132, which corresponds to the configuration set. Each index subset in 103 The corresponding index subset in 104 104.

[0173] Additionally, in this exemplary implementation, the recursive process may include step 406: channel estimation. The goal of this step is to estimate the channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via an index subset. The effective channel 102 of scattering unit 131 in the corresponding unit subset 132 of 104, that is, and for the corresponding index subset This estimation is performed on all corresponding subsets of units.

[0174] By obtaining the received feedback from receiving entity 120 And the direct channel estimate is obtained from the initialization step 401. And the update phase configuration step 407 from the previous iteration (or for the first iteration) In the initialization step, the effective channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units is obtained. 102, Control entity 100 can estimate the communication between sending entity 110 and receiving entity 120 via each index subset. The effective channels of one or more scattering units 131 for each unit subset 132 corresponding to 104 are shown in equation (8):

[0175]

[0176] in, This indicates that the sending entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 communicate via an index subset. The effective channel of one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132 corresponding to 104 (indicated by this index subset) The estimated value.

[0177] Pre-configured phase shift 134 can be defined such that the coefficient matrix in the above equation (8) can be a full-rank matrix (i.e., the matrix is ​​invertible).

[0178] Another implementation is that the receiving entity 120 can be used to estimate the distance between the sending entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via an index subset. The effective channel of one or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132 indicated by 104 It can be used for one or more subsets of indexes. This estimation is performed, and the estimated value can be sent to control entity 100. For this purpose, receiving entity 120 can obtain a direct channel for the estimated value between sending entity 110 and receiving entity 120. 101, and the estimated effective channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via multiple scattering units 131, by Provided.

[0179] The iterative process may also include step 407: DCS update. The goal of this step is to update the data for each subset of indices. The phase of one or more scattering units 131 in the corresponding unit subset 132 of 104 is calculated, and after the update, the effective channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the multiple scattering units 131 is further calculated.

[0180] With index subset The phase update of the scattering unit subset corresponding to 104 can be achieved by... 134 phase shift added The updated phase configuration 133, determined in the previous iteration, is implemented as shown in equation (9):

[0181]

[0182] in, Given by equation (10):

[0183]

[0184] From one of the index subsets One or more scattering units 131 in the unit subset 132 indicated by 104 do not necessarily have the same phase, because they may belong to different unit subsets 132 in different iterations, and therefore their cumulative phases may be different.

[0185] In phase shift 134 is applied to each index subset After one or more scattering units 131 of the corresponding unit subset 132 of 104, the effective channel between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via the multiple scattering units 131 of DCS 130 is adopted. In the form of.

[0186] The iterative process may also include step 408: determining whether to run the training interval again or stop the DCS phase configuration process. That is, control entity 100 can determine whether the desired performance (i.e., at least one quality metric) has been achieved or whether it has been reached. Training intervals.

[0187] If one of the termination conditions has been met, control entity 110 can terminate the iteration process, i.e., step 409. Afterward, conventional data transfer can begin.

[0188] Figure 6 The following is shown in accordance with this disclosure: Figure 3 An exemplary flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of the control entity 100, the flowchart being based on Figure 4 The flowchart shown below. Only the following description is provided. Figure 4 and Figure 6 The differences between them. Figure 6 The flowchart refers to the construction of the configuration set. 103 and the set of configuration sets constructed therefrom Another approach to 105 is referred to in this disclosure as an online algorithm.

[0189] refer to Figure 6 In step 601, the control entity 100 can execute the input step. Input step 601 is the same as step 401 described above. Details will not be repeated here.

[0190] Then, in step 602, control entity 100 can perform the initialization steps. Step 602 is the same as step 403 described above, so details will not be repeated here.

[0191] Next, in step 603, control entity 100 can be used to construct the first configuration set. 103, to be used in the first iteration of the iterative process. First configuration set. 103 can be constructed as , making ,and They are non-intersecting, among which, .

[0192] Additionally, in step 604, control entity 100 can begin the iterative process.

[0193] The iterative process may include step 605: pre-configuring DCS 130. Furthermore, the iterative process may include a channel estimation step 606, followed by a DCS update step 607, and a step 608 determining whether the stopping criteria are met. Steps 605, 606, 607, and 608 are the same as steps 405, 406, 407, and 408 described above, respectively. Details will not be elaborated further here.

[0194] When control entity 100 determines that the stopping criterion is not met, the iterative process may include step 609: constructing the next configuration set based on the information already acquired about the wireless communication system 1. 103, that is, , making ,and They are non-intersecting, among which, .

[0195] Calculate the next configuration set At step 103, the recursive process can continue to the next iteration and can execute steps 605 to 608 again.

[0196] If the predetermined criteria are met, the recursive process is successfully completed; see step 610.

[0197] Figure 7 a) illustrates a traditional DCS-assisted communication frame structure. Typically, in a communication frame, the DCS is configured first, and data transmission can only begin then. Figure 7 In a), only the portions of the communication frame related to data transmission and DCS phase configuration are shown.

[0198] As provided in this disclosure, the iterative process, in addition to Figure 7 Besides the scheme shown in a), there are other options for the frame structure. Figure 7 (b) shows another DCS-assisted communication frame structure according to the present disclosure, in which the DCS phase configuration is extended throughout the entire communication frame. This frame structure is recommended if the channel state changes slightly during a frame. Therefore, by extending the DCS configuration portion according to the present disclosure, the phase of the scattering unit 131 can be updated according to slight changes in the channel.

[0199] Figure 8 An example of signaling exchange in a wireless communication system 1 according to this disclosure is shown. The same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0200] In this example, it is assumed that control entity 100 is implemented in the DCS controller, and without loss of generality, receiving entity 120 can be represented as a base station ( Figure 8 In the context of BS or gNB, the transmitting entity 110 can be represented as user equipment (UE).

[0201] Control entity 100 can determine the maximum number of training intervals. And configuration sets can be constructed. The set of 103 105. Additionally, the control entity 100 can perform an initialization step. Then, the control entity 100 can notify the DCS 130 of the initial phase configuration 133 and initial phase shift 134 of the plurality of scattering units 131.

[0202] Subsequently, control entity 100 can determine the phase shift used to update the initial phase configuration 133, and can send the determined phase shift 134 to DCS 130 for updating the initial phase configuration 133. DCS applies the determined phase shift by adding it to the initial phase of each scattering element determined by the initial phase configuration. Additionally, control entity 100 can use the updated initial phase configuration 133 to estimate a new effective channel 102 between transmitting entity 110 and receiving entity 120 via the plurality of scattering elements 131 of DCS 130.

[0203] Next, control entity 100 can begin the iterative process. In each iteration, control entity 100 can execute step 405 of pre-configuring DCS 130, step 406 of channel estimation, step 407 of DCS update, and step 408 of determining whether the stopping criteria are met. Steps 405, 406, 407, and 408 have already been described above regarding... Figure 4 The exemplary flowchart illustrates this, so the details will not be repeated here.

[0204] Figure 9 A method 900 for controlling a wireless communication system 1 according to the present disclosure is shown. Method 900 can be derived from the above-disclosed... Figure 3 The control entity 100 performs the operation. The wireless communication system 1 includes a receiving entity 120, a transmitting entity 110, a DCS 130 including a plurality of controllable scattering units 131, and a control entity 100.

[0205] Method 900 includes step 901: determining the maximum number of training intervals. .

[0206] Method 900 further includes step 902: estimating the direct channel 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120.

[0207] Additionally, method 900 includes step 903: for each training interval , Determine whether it includes one or more subsets of indexes. Configuration set of 104 103, each index subset 104 includes one or more indices, wherein each index corresponds to one of the scattering units 131 included in the corresponding unit subset 132.

[0208] Method 900 further includes step 904: performing an iterative process to determine, for each training interval, an updated phase configuration 133 of the plurality of scattering units 131 of the DCS 130 based on the estimated direct channel 101 and one or more estimated effective channels 102 between the transmitting entity 110 and the receiving entity 120 via corresponding unit subsets 132, the corresponding unit subsets 132 corresponding to one or more index subsets. The index in the corresponding index subset of 104.

[0209] Method 900 may also include operations according to exemplary embodiments of the control entity 100 described above. Therefore, method 900 achieves the same advantages as the control entity 100 disclosed above.

[0210] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including program code for execution when implemented on a processor. Figure 9 The method 900 shown. A computer program may be included in a computer-readable medium of a computer program product. The computer-readable medium may include virtually any memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), flash memory, electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), or hard disk drive.

[0211] The computer program product may also include operations according to method 900 described above. Therefore, the computer program product achieves the same advantages as method 900 and control entity 100.

[0212] This disclosure has been described in conjunction with various embodiments as examples and implementation methods. However, those skilled in the art, through studying the accompanying drawings, this disclosure, and the independent claims, can understand and implement other variations when implementing the claimed technical solutions. In the claims and the specification, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "a" does not exclude multiple. A single element or other unit can satisfy the function of multiple entities or items listed in the claims. Listing certain measures in different dependent claims does not mean that a combination of these measures cannot be used in an advantageous implementation.

Claims

1. A control entity (100) for a wireless communication system (1), characterized in that, The wireless communication system (1) includes a receiving entity (120), a transmitting entity (110), and a digitally controllable scatterer (DCS) (130). The DCS (130) includes multiple scattering units (131), each scattering unit having a controllable phase shift (134). The control entity (100) is used for: Determine the maximum number of training intervals ; Estimate the direct channel (101) between the sending entity (110) and the receiving entity (120). For each training interval , Determine a configuration set that includes one or more index subsets (104). (103), each index subset (104) includes one or more indices, wherein each index corresponds to one of the plurality of scattering units (131) included in the corresponding unit subset (132); and An iterative process is performed to determine, for each training interval, an updated phase configuration (133) of the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130) based on the estimated direct channel (101) and one or more estimated effective channels (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the corresponding unit subset (132), the corresponding unit subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets (104).

2. The control entity (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The iterative process includes performing one or more iterations, each iteration corresponding to a training interval. , Each iteration includes: In the iteration In the process, before transmitting one or more pilot signals sent from the transmitting entity (110), for the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets (104) in (103), a corresponding phase shift (134) is applied to the phase configuration (133) of the one or more scattering units (131) in the unit subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset (104). For the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets (104) in (103), estimate the corresponding valid channel (102) between the sending entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the cell subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset (104) \\Mbsucefst0s1\P oaftO irgnDdatiecn\ePastO (r1g60_14\B)W i6nMI tTh\MeIT cDoKnAf\2i0g2u3\Pr6a0t8i9o5_nW sOe\2t023128729.DOCX; For the configuration set For each of the one or more index subsets (104) in (103), determine the corresponding new phase shift (134) of the one or more scattering units (131) in the unit subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset (104). For the configuration set Each of the one or more index subsets (104) in (103) updates the corresponding phase configuration (133) of the one or more scattering units (131) in the unit subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset (104) according to the determined one or more new phase shifts (134). Estimate the new effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131); and At least one quality index is determined based on the estimated new effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131), and / or based on the determined new phase shift (134) of the one or more scattering units (131) in the one or more scattering unit subsets (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset (104).

3. The control entity (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, In each iteration, based on the determined one or more new phase shifts (134) and based on the one or more estimated effective channels (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the one or more estimated unit subsets (132) corresponding to the indexes in the one or more index subsets (104), the new effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131) is estimated.

4. The control entity (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The control entity (100) is also used for: Determine the initial phase configuration (133) of the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130); and Estimate the effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130).

5. The control entity (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The control entity (100) is also used for: Based on the estimated direct channel (101) and the estimated effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130), the phase shift (134) of the initial phase configuration (133) of the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130) is determined to optimize at least one quality metric. Based on the determined phase shift (134), update the initial phase configuration (133) of the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130); and Estimate a new effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130).

6. The control entity (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Based on the determined phase shift (134) of the initial phase configuration (133) of the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130), and based on the estimated effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130), the new effective channel (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130) is estimated.

7. The control entity (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Any training interval The index subset (104) is disjoint.

8. The control entity (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The control entity (100) is also used to construct a configuration set including the one or more configuration sets. The set of configuration sets of (103) (105), wherein the set (105) has a cardinal number .

9. The control entity (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the one or more received pilot signals, estimate each of the one or more effective channels (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the corresponding unit subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset (104).

10. The control entity (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the one or more received pilot signals, and based on at least one of the estimated new effective channels (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131) estimated in one or more previous iterations, or in the case of the first iteration based on the updated estimated effective channels (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the plurality of scattering units (131), each of the one or more effective channels (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the corresponding unit subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset (104) is estimated.

11. The control entity (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, Perform one or more iterations until a predefined stopping criterion is met; or Perform one or more iterations until the maximum number of training intervals is reached. .

12. The control entity (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The DCS (130) also includes a DCS controller for setting the phase configuration (133) of the plurality of scattering units (131). The control entity (100) is implemented in the DCS controller; or The control entity (100) is implemented in the receiving entity (120) and the DCS controller.

13. The control entity (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The control entity (100) is also used for: The set of configuration set (103) is notified to the DCS (130). (105) and the corresponding phase shift (134) of one or more scattering units (131) in the unit subset (132), the unit subset (132) corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset (104) of the one or more index subsets (103); and At each iteration i, control the DCS (130) to use the corresponding configuration set. (103) and apply the corresponding phase shift (134) to the one or more scattering units (131) in the unit subset (132), the unit subset (132) corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset (104) of the one or more index subsets (103); or The control entity (100) is also configured to notify the DCS (130) of the configuration set at each iteration i. The phase shift (134) of each of the one or more index subsets (104) in (103) and the corresponding phase shift (134) of the one or more scattering units (131) in the scattering unit subset (132), the scattering unit subset (132) corresponding to each configuration set The index in the corresponding index subset (104) of the one or more index subsets (104) in; or The control entity (100) is also used in each iteration At that time, the DCS (130) is notified of the phase shift (134) of one or more scattering units (131) in the subset (132) of scattering units, the subset (132) of scattering units corresponding to each configuration set. The index in the corresponding index subset (104) of the one or more index subsets (103).

14. A method for controlling a wireless communication system (1), characterized in that, The wireless communication system (1) includes a receiving entity (120), a transmitting entity (110), and a digitally controllable scatterer (DCS) (130), the DCS (130) including a plurality of scattering units (131), each scattering unit having a controllable phase shift (134), the method including: Determine the maximum number of training intervals ; Estimate the direct channel (101) between the sending entity (110) and the receiving entity (120). For each training interval , Determine a configuration set that includes one or more index subsets (104). (103), each index subset (104) includes one or more indices, wherein each index corresponds to one of the scattering units (131) included in the corresponding unit subset (132); and An iterative process is performed to determine, for each training interval, an updated phase configuration (133) of the plurality of scattering units (131) of the DCS (130) based on the estimated direct channel (101) and one or more estimated effective channels (102) between the transmitting entity (110) and the receiving entity (120) via the corresponding unit subset (132), the corresponding unit subset (132) corresponding to the index in the corresponding index subset of the one or more index subsets (104).

15. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes program code, which is used to execute the method of claim 14 when implemented on a processor.

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