Electric control anaesthesia machine based on continuous basic flow velocity and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric control anesthesia machine based on continuous basic flow velocity and a control method, the anesthesia machine comprises a turbine, a voice coil motor used for driving the turbine, a breathing circuit, a sensor group, a controller and a user operation interface, the breathing circuit comprises an inspiration branch, an expiration branch and a circuit connected with a patient; the controller is configured to control the voice coil motor to drive the turbine to continuously operate in the expiration stage of a patient, so that a preset basic flow rate is maintained in the breathing loop; the controller is connected with the sensor group, identifies autonomous inspiration trigger of a patient based on a monitoring signal of the sensor group, and controls the voice coil motor to drive the turbine to accelerate so as to carry out auxiliary air supply when effective trigger is identified; according to the anesthesia machine and method, a high-performance voice coil motor is adopted to directly drive a turbine, and an intelligent triggering algorithm based on net flow calculation is combined, so that maintenance of stable basic flow speed in the expiration period and millisecond-level rapid air supply response at the inspiration triggering moment are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical anesthesia and respiratory support equipment technology, specifically to an electric anesthesia machine and control method based on continuous basal flow rate. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional anesthesia machines mostly use pneumatic and electronic control technology or ordinary motor drives, with intermittent or stepped airflow supply. During the patient's expiratory phase, the drive unit often stops or operates at low speed, lacking a stable and precisely controllable baseline airflow in the respiratory circuit. When the patient requires active inspiration to trigger, the inertia of the drive system from standstill or low speed to high speed, the opening delay of mechanical valves, and circuit resistance must first be overcome. This results in long trigger delays, high respiratory work for the patient, poor comfort, and difficulty in capturing weak inspiratory efforts, which is detrimental to postoperative recovery and respiratory rehabilitation.

[0003] While turbine-driven anesthesia machines that have emerged in recent years have partially improved the continuity of gas supply, their drive motors, such as ordinary brushless DC motors, have limited dynamic response speed and control precision, making it difficult to achieve a rapid and smooth switch between maintaining an extremely low and stable baseline flow rate and providing a high peak gas delivery rate instantaneously. More importantly, the control logic of existing systems does not deeply integrate the characteristics of "continuous baseline flow rate" with high-sensitivity triggering algorithms, and also lacks fine control over the core actuator motor to achieve optimization of the critical transient from "basal flow rate maintenance" to "triggered accelerated gas delivery". Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electric and electrically controlled anesthesia machine and method based on continuous basal flow rate. This anesthesia machine and method achieve the maintenance of a stable basal flow rate during the expiratory phase and a millisecond-level rapid gas supply response at the moment of inspiration by using a high-performance voice coil motor to directly drive the turbine and combining it with an intelligent triggering algorithm based on net flow calculation.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on a continuous basal flow rate, comprising a turbine, a voice coil motor for driving the turbine, a breathing circuit, a sensor array, a controller, and a user interface. The breathing circuit includes an inspiratory branch, an expiratory branch, and a circuit connecting to the patient. The controller is configured to maintain a preset basal flow rate in the breathing circuit by controlling the voice coil motor to continuously run the turbine during the patient's exhalation phase. Furthermore, the controller identifies spontaneous inhalation triggers based on monitoring signals from the sensor array. When a valid trigger is detected, the controller accelerates the turbine by controlling the voice coil motor to provide assisted ventilation.

[0006] Preferably, the sensor group includes an inspiratory flow sensor disposed in the inspiratory branch and an expiratory flow sensor disposed in the expiratory branch, for monitoring the inspiratory flow rate Finsp and the expiratory flow rate FlowExp; the controller identifies the trigger by calculating the net flow rate FLOW at the patient end, and when the change in the net flow rate FLOW exceeds a preset flow trigger threshold, it is determined to be a valid trigger; wherein, FLOW = Finsp - FlowExp.

[0007] Preferably, the path of the basic flow velocity is set as follows: from the turbine output end, through the intake branch, and through the intake valve Insp valve It reaches the patient and is then expelled through the expiratory branch via the expiratory flow sensor.

[0008] Preferably, an oxygen sensor is provided on the inhalation branch to monitor the oxygen concentration of the inhaled gas; and an expiratory pressure sensor is provided on the expiratory branch to monitor the expiratory phase pressure. Preferably, the sensor group further includes a pressure sensor P for monitoring the pressure at the patient end; the controller also supports a pressure trigger mode, which is determined to be a valid trigger when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor P decreases relative to the positive end-expiratory pressure by more than a preset pressure trigger threshold.

[0009] Preferably, the breathing circuit further includes multiple zeroing valves for system calibration; the controller is also configured to execute standby ventilation logic: if no valid trigger is detected within a settable standby ventilation time window, the ventilation mode is automatically switched to a preset standby control ventilation mode, and the turbine is driven by the voice coil motor to operate according to the standby mode requirements.

[0010] Preferably, the voice coil motor is configured to be controlled by the controller in a closed-loop current or speed manner to achieve a rapid and smooth switching from maintaining the base flow rate to generating the high flow rate required for auxiliary air delivery.

[0011] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention also discloses a respiratory triggering control method for the aforementioned electric anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate, comprising: during the patient's exhalation phase, outputting a command to a voice coil motor via a controller to drive a turbine to run continuously, thereby maintaining a preset basal flow rate in the respiratory circuit; and acquiring parameters reflecting the patient's inspiratory effort in real time. When the parameters meet the preset triggering conditions, the controller instructs the voice coil motor to drive the turbine to accelerate, thereby triggering the anesthesia machine to deliver auxiliary gas.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes a safety assurance step: starting a backup ventilation timer; if no effective triggering occurs within a preset backup ventilation time window, automatically controlling the anesthesia machine to switch to a backup control ventilation mode, and controlling the voice coil motor to drive the turbine to work according to the backup mode requirements.

[0013] Following the adoption of the above-described anesthesia machine and method, an electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on a continuous basal flow rate is characterized by comprising a turbine, a voice coil motor for driving the turbine, a breathing circuit, a sensor group, a controller, and a user interface. The breathing circuit includes an inspiratory branch, an expiratory branch, and a circuit connecting to the patient. The controller is configured to maintain a preset basal flow rate in the breathing circuit by controlling the voice coil motor to drive the turbine continuously during the patient's expiratory phase. Furthermore, the controller identifies spontaneous inhalation triggers based on monitoring signals from the sensor group, and when a valid trigger is detected, accelerates the turbine by controlling the voice coil motor to provide assisted ventilation. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Dynamic response and precision: The voice coil motor directly drives the turbine, enabling millisecond-level, overshoot-free rapid switching from the base flow velocity to the delivery flow velocity, providing unprecedented flow control precision and response speed; Reduced breathing work: A stable baseline flow rate eliminates the initial resistance to triggering; combined with the rapid response of the voice coil motor, the patient's breathing work is mainly to overcome their own airway resistance, greatly improving comfort; Ultra-high sensitivity triggering: The net flow-based algorithm can capture extremely weak inhalation signals, and combined with the system's rapid response capability, it achieves better human-machine synchronization; The system is highly integrated and safe and reliable: from basic flow rate maintenance and trigger recognition to gas delivery execution, all are completed by the controller through the same voice coil motor core actuator. The control link is simple and reliable, and the integrated backup logic further ensures patient safety. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the gas path system of the anesthesia machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-time and flow-time waveforms during the inhalation triggering process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Example

[0018] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a diagram of the gas path system of the anesthesia machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-time and flow-time waveforms during the inhalation triggering process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] This embodiment discloses an electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on a continuous basal flow rate, including a turbine, a voice coil motor for driving the turbine, a breathing circuit, a sensor group, a controller, and a user interface. The breathing circuit includes an inspiratory branch, an expiratory branch, and a circuit connected to the patient. The controller is configured to maintain a preset basal flow rate in the breathing circuit by controlling the voice coil motor to drive the turbine continuously during the patient's exhalation phase. It also identifies spontaneous inhalation triggers by the patient based on monitoring signals from the sensor group. When a valid trigger is identified, the controller accelerates the turbine by controlling the voice coil motor to provide assisted ventilation. Example

[0020] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the sensor group includes an inspiratory flow sensor F7 disposed in the inspiratory branch and an expiratory flow sensor disposed in the expiratory branch, used to monitor the inspiratory flow rate Finsp and the expiratory flow rate FlowExp; the controller identifies the trigger by calculating the net flow rate FLOW at the patient end, and when the change in the net flow rate FLOW exceeds a preset flow trigger threshold, it is determined to be a valid trigger; wherein, FLOW = Finsp – FlowExp; The path of the basic flow velocity is set as follows: from the turbine output end, through the intake branch, and through the intake valve Insp valve It reaches the patient and is then expelled through the expiratory bronchus via the expiratory flow sensor; The inhalation branch is equipped with an oxygen sensor OS to monitor the oxygen concentration of the inhaled gas; the expiratory branch is equipped with an expiratory pressure sensor to monitor the expiratory phase pressure. The expiratory branch also includes a pressure relief valve CV2, a safety valve SV, and a pressure indicator PI. Fresh gas is input through the fresh gas passage and can be processed by a humidifier and a nebulizer; the gas temperature can be monitored by temperature sensors WT1 and WT2. Example

[0021] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the sensor group further includes a pressure sensor P for monitoring the pressure at the patient end. The controller also supports a pressure trigger mode. When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor P decreases relative to the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) by more than a preset pressure trigger threshold, it is determined to be a valid trigger. The breathing circuit may also be equipped with an instrument valve M for adjustment and multiple filters. Example

[0022] This embodiment is based on any one of the embodiments one to three. In this embodiment, the electric and electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate includes a breathing circuit that further includes multiple zeroing valves for system calibration. The controller is also configured to execute standby ventilation logic: if no valid trigger is detected within a settable standby ventilation time window, the ventilation mode is automatically switched to a preset standby control ventilation mode, and the turbine is driven by the voice coil motor to operate according to the standby mode requirements. Example

[0023] This embodiment is based on embodiment four. In this embodiment, the voice coil motor is configured to be controlled by the controller in a closed loop for current or speed, so as to achieve a rapid and smooth switching from maintaining the basic flow rate to generating the high flow rate required for auxiliary air delivery. Example

[0024] This embodiment discloses a respiratory triggering control method for an electric anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate as described in Embodiment 1, comprising: during the patient's exhalation phase, outputting a command to the voice coil motor through the controller to drive the turbine to run continuously in order to maintain a preset basal flow rate in the respiratory circuit; and acquiring parameters reflecting the patient's inspiratory effort in real time. When the parameters meet the preset triggering conditions, the controller instructs the voice coil motor to drive the turbine to accelerate, thereby triggering the anesthesia machine to deliver auxiliary gas. Example

[0025] This embodiment is based on Embodiment Six. In this embodiment, the method further includes a safety assurance step: starting a backup ventilation timer; if no effective triggering occurs within a preset backup ventilation time window, the anesthesia machine is automatically controlled to switch to a backup control ventilation mode, and the turbine is driven by the voice coil motor to work according to the backup mode requirements. Example

[0026] This embodiment is based on Embodiment Six. In this embodiment, the workflow of the respiratory triggering control method for an electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate is as follows: Parameter settings and system preparation: Set the ventilation parameters. The controller can automatically calibrate the zero point of the pressure sensor P, expiratory pressure sensor, flow sensor F7 and expiratory flow sensor by controlling the zeroing valve to ensure monitoring accuracy.

[0027] Expiratory Phase and Baseline Flow Maintenance: The patient exhales. The controller instructs the voice coil motor to drive the turbine at low speed to establish a baseline flow rate (e.g., 5 L / min). The airflow reaches the inspiratory valve Inspvalve via the inspiratory branch, where it closes. Simultaneously, the controller precisely controls the opening of the expiratory valve based on feedback from the pressure sensor P, stabilizing the pressure at the patient end at PEEP (e.g., 5 cmH2O). At this point, the expiratory airflow is discharged through the expiratory flow sensor. The inspiratory flow rate Finsp monitored by the system is approximately equal to the expiratory flow rate FlowExp, resulting in a net flow rate FLOW ≈ 0.

[0028] Flow triggering and millisecond-level delivery response: The patient's inspiratory effort causes a momentary decrease in FlowExp. The controller calculates FLOW = Finsp - FlowExp in real time. When |FLOW| exceeds a set threshold (e.g., 2 L / min), the controller immediately: a. An acceleration command is sent to the voice coil motor, causing the turbine speed to increase sharply.

[0029] b. Open the inlet valve (Inspvalve).

[0030] c. Adjust the opening of the exhalation valve.

[0031] A high-pressure airflow is then generated and delivered into the patient's lungs to complete the assisted ventilation.

[0032] Safety monitoring and backup ventilation: If no effective trigger occurs within the set time window, the controller automatically switches to backup mode (e.g., PCV), controlling the voice coil motor and valves according to preset parameters to provide backup ventilation. Safety valves SV and CV2 automatically open in case of abnormal circuit pressure to ensure safety.

[0033] This electrically controlled anesthesia machine and its control method, based on continuous basal flow rate, achieves millisecond-level, overshoot-free rapid switching from basal flow rate to delivery flow rate via a voice coil motor directly driven turbine, providing unprecedented flow control accuracy and response speed. It reduces the work of breathing: the stable basal flow rate eliminates initial trigger resistance; combined with the rapid response of the voice coil motor, the patient's work of breathing is primarily to overcome their own airway resistance, greatly improving comfort; the net flow-based algorithm can capture extremely weak inspiratory signals, and combined with the system's rapid response capability, achieves better patient-machine synchronization; the system has high integration and is safe and reliable: from basal flow rate maintenance and trigger recognition to delivery execution, all are completed by the controller through the same voice coil motor core actuator, making the control chain simple and reliable, and the integrated backup logic further ensures patient safety. It should be understood that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on a continuous basal flow rate, characterized in that, The device includes a turbine, a voice coil motor for driving the turbine, a breathing circuit, a sensor array, a controller, and a user interface. The breathing circuit includes an inspiratory branch, an expiratory branch, and a circuit connected to the patient. The controller is configured to maintain a preset baseline flow rate in the breathing circuit by controlling the voice coil motor to drive the turbine continuously during the patient's exhalation phase. It also identifies spontaneous inhalation triggers by the patient based on monitoring signals from the sensor array. When a valid trigger is identified, the controller accelerates the turbine by controlling the voice coil motor to provide assisted ventilation.

2. The electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor group includes an inspiratory flow sensor located in the inspiratory branch and an expiratory flow sensor located in the expiratory branch, used to monitor the inspiratory flow rate Finsp and the expiratory flow rate FlowExp; the controller identifies the trigger by calculating the net flow rate FLOW at the patient end, and when the change in the net flow rate FLOW exceeds a preset flow trigger threshold, it is determined to be a valid trigger; wherein, FLOW = Finsp - FlowExp.

3. The electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The path of the basic flow velocity is set as follows: from the turbine output end, through the intake branch, and through the intake valve Insp valve It reaches the patient and is then expelled through the expiratory branch via the expiratory flow sensor.

4. The electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate according to claim 3, characterized in that, An oxygen sensor is installed on the inhalation branch to monitor the oxygen concentration of the inhaled gas; an expiratory pressure sensor is installed on the expiratory branch to monitor the expiratory phase pressure.

5. The electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor group also includes a pressure sensor P for monitoring the pressure at the patient end; the controller also supports a pressure trigger mode, which is determined to be a valid trigger when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor P decreases relative to the positive end-expiratory pressure by more than a preset pressure trigger threshold.

6. The electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on a continuous basal flow rate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The breathing circuit also includes multiple zeroing valves for system calibration; the controller is also configured to execute standby ventilation logic: if no valid trigger is detected within a settable standby ventilation time window, the ventilation mode is automatically switched to a preset standby control ventilation mode, and the turbine is driven by the voice coil motor to operate according to the standby mode requirements.

7. The electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voice coil motor is configured to be controlled by the controller in a closed-loop current or speed manner to achieve a rapid and smooth switching from maintaining the base flow rate to generating the high flow rate required for auxiliary air delivery.

8. A respiratory triggering control method for an electrically controlled anesthesia machine based on continuous basal flow rate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: During the patient's exhalation phase, the controller outputs commands to the voice coil motor, driving the turbine to run continuously in order to maintain a preset baseline flow rate in the breathing circuit. Real-time acquisition of parameters reflecting the patient's inspiratory effort; When the parameters meet the preset triggering conditions, the controller instructs the voice coil motor to drive the turbine to accelerate, thereby triggering the anesthesia machine to deliver auxiliary gas.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method also includes a safety assurance step: starting a backup ventilation timer; if no effective trigger occurs within a preset backup ventilation time window, automatically controlling the anesthesia machine to switch to a backup control ventilation mode, and controlling the voice coil motor to drive the turbine to work according to the backup mode requirements.

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