Broadband signal rapid angle measurement method based on partial calibration array
By using a partially calibrated array method, combined with the mathematical properties of the covariance matrix and focusing algorithms, the accuracy problem caused by array errors in broadband signal DOA estimation was solved, achieving high-precision angle measurement under amplitude and phase error environments, and improving the calculation speed and resolution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511921665.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies fail to effectively consider array errors in broadband signal DOA estimation, resulting in low angle measurement accuracy, especially in environments with amplitude and phase errors where accurate angle measurement is difficult to achieve.
A method based on a partially calibrated array is adopted. By constructing a broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions, the received signal of the partially calibrated array is calibrated. The mathematical properties of the covariance matrix are used for self-calibration. Coarse and fine estimations are performed by combining focusing algorithms and linear search strategies to obtain the angle estimate of the broadband signal.
It improves the accuracy and processing speed of broadband signal angle measurement, and can accurately estimate multiple incoming wave directions in non-uniform noise environments, significantly improving the resolution and accuracy of angle measurement.
Smart Images
Figure CN121955866A_ABST
Abstract
Description
A Fast Angle Measurement Method Based on a Partially Calibrated Array for Broadband Signals Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a fast angle measurement method for broadband signals based on a partially calibrated array, belonging to the field of array signal processing technology. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing demand for high-bandwidth signals in applications such as radar and communications, research on broadband array signal processing for practical engineering applications has become increasingly urgent. Currently, most research on DOA estimation for broadband array signals adopts the ideal array assumption, i.e., it does not consider the influence of array errors. However, in reality, array errors are difficult to ignore and have a significant impact on angle measurement accuracy. Current research on self-correction algorithms for array amplitude and phase errors in the field of DOA estimation is almost entirely limited to narrowband signal sources.
[0003] Existing technologies are limited to narrowband signal scenarios and do not consider error correction in wideband DOA estimation. Current wideband DOA estimation methods are based on the assumption of an ideal array, which is not practical for engineering applications. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a fast angle measurement method for broadband signals based on a partially calibrated array, thereby solving the problem of broadband signal angle measurement under array amplitude and phase error environment.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, a method for fast angle measurement of broadband signals based on a partially calibrated array includes: constructing a broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions; calibrating the received signal of the partially calibrated array according to the broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions to obtain a calibrated received signal; performing a coarse estimation on the calibrated received signal to obtain a coarse estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal; and using a linear search strategy to perform a fine estimation of the angle of the broadband signal based on the coarse estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal to obtain a precise estimate of the angle of the broadband signal.
[0006] Furthermore, the broadband array received signal model under the amplitude and phase error environment is as follows: ;in, For array to receive signals, For broadband signals The frequency corresponding to each frequency component For frequency The corresponding channel amplitude and phase error matrix, For array manifold matrix, The incident angle of the signal received by the array. The center frequency of the broadband signal. For broadband incident signals at frequency The amount on, It is non-uniform Gaussian noise.
[0007] Furthermore, the calibration of the received signal of the partial calibration array includes: for the partial calibration array, assuming the first... The first channel and the first Each channel has been calibrated at each frequency point, then The calculation array receives the signal at a frequency covariance matrix at ;in Let the source signal covariance matrix be denoted as ; for the covariance matrix, define the matrix . for , its first Line number Column elements are calculated as Then the matrix With all diagonal elements equal, the first element in the covariance matrix will be... Line number Column elements are denoted as For the two calibrated channels, there are For other uncalibrated channels, there are Then there is The frequency domain snapshot number is constructed by piecewise Fourier transform. The broadband received signal is denoted as Then the covariance matrix is obtained through the sampling matrix. for ;use and The estimated value of the amplitude and phase error vector is obtained. ,in express The Line number Column elements; based on amplitude and phase error estimation results The received signals at each frequency point are calibrated.
[0008] Furthermore, the calibration of the received signals at each frequency point includes... , This is the calibrated received signal.
[0009] Furthermore, the coarse estimation of the calibrated received signal includes: The covariance matrix is denoted as ,right The mean of the diagonal elements is calculated to reconstruct the uniform noise, resulting in a new covariance matrix. ;right The focusing matrix is represented as ;right Performing singular value decomposition yields a particular solution to the focusing matrix, denoted as: ,in yes The left singular vector; for The right singular vector, The reference frequency point is used; the covariance matrix after focusing is expressed as follows: ,right Eigenvalue decomposition yields ,in and These are the eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors; the eigenvector matrix corresponding to the smaller eigenvalues is denoted as... For a broadband signal incident from any direction, the DOA estimate is obtained through the following spectral peak search: , For the grid angle of the iterative search, for At the reference frequency point The corresponding search guidance vector.
[0010] Furthermore, the precise angle estimation includes: using a coarse grid to... Perform a peak search to obtain a rough estimate. ;use A linear search is performed to obtain a precise estimate of the angle; where, , , ,for exist The first partial derivative at that point, for exist The first partial derivative at that point, for The eigenvector matrix corresponding to the smallest eigenvalues.
[0011] Secondly, a broadband signal fast angle measurement system based on a partially calibrated array is characterized by comprising: a first module for constructing a broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions; a second module for calibrating the partially calibrated array received signal according to the broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions to obtain a calibrated received signal; a third module for coarsely estimating the calibrated received signal to obtain a coarse estimate of the broadband signal incident angle; and a fourth module for performing a fine angle estimation using a linear search strategy on the coarse estimate of the broadband signal incident angle to obtain a precise estimate of the broadband signal angle.
[0012] Thirdly, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the broadband signal fast angle measurement method based on a partial calibration array.
[0013] Fourthly, a broadband signal rapid angle measurement device based on a partially calibrated array includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the broadband signal rapid angle measurement method based on a partially calibrated array.
[0014] The advantages of this invention compared with the prior art are: (1) This invention proposes a broadband partial calibration array amplitude and phase error calibration method based on the mathematical characteristics of the covariance matrix. Compared with the traditional calibration method, which requires calibration of each channel separately, the method of this invention only requires active calibration of 2 channels, and the remaining channels can be self-calibrated according to the mathematical characteristics of the covariance matrix.
[0015] (2) This invention proposes a fast angle measurement method for broadband array signals. In a non-uniform noise environment, a focusing algorithm is used to make a coarse estimate of the calibrated broadband signal, and then a linear search strategy is used to make a fine estimate. Compared with the traditional broadband angle measurement algorithm, the estimation accuracy and calculation speed are significantly improved.
[0016] (3) As can be seen from Figure 2, the CSM algorithm and the OGSBL algorithm have certain deviations from the true value when estimating the angle under amplitude and phase error conditions, and the resolution is poor. Although the algorithm proposed by Liao is used at each frequency point to correct the amplitude and phase error, the residual error at the frequency point causes the spectral peak pointing to be inconsistent in frequency, and finally the average value of the results at each frequency point shows multiple spurious peaks. The method proposed in this invention can estimate the four incoming wave directions more accurately. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the invention; Figure 2 shows the broadband 4 signal estimation results; Figure 3 shows the root mean square error of angle measurement as a function of signal-to-noise ratio; Figure 4 shows the root mean square error of angle measurement as a function of the number of snapshots; Figure 5 shows the angle measurement operation time as a function of the number of snapshots. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To better understand the above technical solutions, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provides a more detailed explanation of a fast angle measurement method for broadband signals based on a partially calibrated array, as provided in the embodiments of the present invention. The specific implementation may include: constructing a broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions; calibrating the received signal of the partially calibrated array according to the broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions to obtain a calibrated received signal; performing a coarse estimation on the calibrated received signal to obtain a coarse estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal; and using a linear search strategy to perform a fine angle estimation on the coarse estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal to obtain a precise estimate of the broadband signal angle.
[0020] In the solution provided in this embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the specific process is as follows: Step 1: Constructing a broadband array receiving signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions; The specific process of constructing the broadband array receiving signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions in Step 1 is as follows: Assuming A far-field broadband uncorrelated signal from A uniform linear array is incident in a specific direction, and the receiving array consists of... It consists of isotropic array elements, with an element spacing of [value missing]. Then, the ideal array receiving baseband signal model in the time domain can be expressed as: (1) Among them For the first The signal at the 1st The delay of each antenna, For the first Noise in each receiving channel, Let be the baseband complex envelope of the source signal. Transforming the above equation to the frequency domain using a discrete Fourier transform, and considering the frequency inconsistency of amplitude and phase errors, we obtain the frequency domain baseband received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions, namely: (2) Among them For array manifold matrix, it is represented as (3) (4) for The guiding vector corresponding to the direction, for a uniform linear array, , For the spacing between array elements, The wave speed. For broadband incident signals at frequency The amount on, It is non-uniform Gaussian noise and is independent of the signal. For frequency The corresponding channel amplitude and phase error matrix exhibits frequency inconsistency for broadband arrays. Denotes the channel amplitude and phase error vector, where , and Corresponding to the first Each channel at frequency The amplitude and phase errors are as follows.
[0021] Step Two: Calibrate the received signal of a portion of the calibration array; Step Two, which calibrates the received signal of a portion of the calibration array, specifically involves the following process: For a portion of the calibration array, assuming the first... The first channel and the first Each channel has been calibrated at each frequency point, then (5) The array receives signals at the frequency covariance matrix at It can be represented as (6) Among them The source signal covariance matrix is, i.e. (7) For frequency The first The frequency domain power of the source signal. The noise covariance matrix can be expressed as: (8) Among them For the first The noise power of each channel. For the covariance matrix, define the matrix... for (9) its first Line number Column elements can be calculated as (10) Based on this, the matrix can be obtained. All diagonal elements are equal, that is (11) The first element in the covariance matrix Line number Column elements are denoted as For the two calibrated channels, there are (12) For other uncalibrated channels, there are (13) Therefore, we can obtain (14) In practical applications, the number of frequency domain snapshots is constructed by using piecewise Fourier transform. The broadband received signal is denoted as Then the covariance matrix can be obtained through the sampling matrix. Approximate, expressed as (15) Using formulas 13 and 14, the estimated value of the amplitude and phase error vector can be obtained. : (16) of which express The Line number Column elements. Obtain the amplitude and phase error estimation results. After that, the received signals at each frequency point can be calibrated, that is... (17) Step 3: Perform coarse estimation of the received signal after calibration using the focusing algorithm; the specific process of performing coarse estimation of the received signal after calibration using the focusing algorithm in Step 3 is as follows: The covariance matrix is denoted as ,Right now (18) Due to It is non-uniform noise, that is The matrix being off-diagonal leads to a decrease in DOA estimation performance. To improve DOA estimation performance, it is necessary to... The mean of the diagonal elements is calculated to reconstruct the uniform noise, resulting in a new covariance matrix. This can eliminate the effects of non-uniform noise.
[0022] Although compensation was performed on the amplitude and phase error matrices corresponding to each frequency point, residual errors still exist due to errors in the sampling covariance matrix. If a narrowband DOA estimation algorithm is directly applied to each frequency point and then the mean is calculated, the frequency inconsistency of the amplitude and phase errors will lead to different estimation results at each frequency point, resulting in a large discrepancy between the final mean and the true value. To improve estimation accuracy, this invention employs a focusing algorithm for processing.
[0023] right The focusing matrix is represented as , (19) Singular value decomposition yields a particular solution to the focusing matrix, denoted as: (20) of which and They are The left singular vector and the right singular vector.
[0024] The focused covariance matrix can be expressed as (21) To Eigenvalue decomposition yields (23) of which and Let be the eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors, respectively. The eigenvector matrix corresponding to the smallest eigenvalue is denoted as . For a broadband signal incident from any direction, the DOA estimate can be obtained through the following spectral peak search: (23) Step 4: Use a linear search strategy for precise angle estimation; Step 4 uses a linear search strategy for precise angle estimation. The specific process is as follows: Since the peak search operation takes a long time, this patent considers using a linear search method to improve the algorithm's operation speed. Define the following terms: (twenty four)
[0025] (25) of which (26) (27) Use a coarse grid to search for spectral peaks and obtain a coarse estimate. Then, a linear search is performed using the following formula to obtain the accurate estimate: (28) Based on the same inventive concept as Figure 1, the present invention also provides a broadband signal fast angle measurement system based on a partially calibrated array, comprising: a first module for constructing a broadband array receiving signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions; a second module for calibrating the partially calibrated array receiving signal according to the broadband array receiving signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions to obtain a calibrated receiving signal; a third module for coarsely estimating the calibrated receiving signal to obtain a coarse estimate of the broadband signal incident angle; and a fourth module for using a linear search strategy to perform a fine angle estimation on the coarse estimate of the broadband signal incident angle to obtain a precise estimate of the broadband signal angle.
[0026] Example 1: Angle measurement using 4 broadband array signals. Considering 4 far-field broadband uncorrelated BPSK signals respectively from... An incident 7-element uniform linear array is used, where the 3rd and 4th elements are assumed to be calibrated, and the amplitude errors of the remaining channels follow a constant. Uniform distribution between them, phase error obey The array elements are uniformly distributed, with the spacing between elements equal to half the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. The center frequency of the broadband signal is 2GHz, the bandwidth is 400MHz, the signal-to-noise ratio is 10dB, the number of frequency points is set to 10, the number of frequency domain snapshots is set to 200, and the scanning angle range is from... arrive The scanning interval is .
[0027] Compared with classic or advanced broadband DOA estimation algorithms, including the Correlated Subspace Algorithm (CSM), the advanced off-grid algorithm based on sparse Bayesian learning (OGSBL), and the calibration algorithm proposed by Liao applied to each subband, Figure 2 shows that the CSM and OGSBL algorithms have certain deviations between the estimated angles and the true values under amplitude and phase error conditions, and their resolution is relatively poor. While the algorithm proposed by Liao corrects the amplitude and phase errors at each frequency point, the residual errors at those frequencies cause inconsistencies in the spectral peak pointing, resulting in multiple spurious peaks in the average value of the results at each frequency point. In contrast, the method proposed in this invention can estimate the four incoming wave directions more accurately.
[0028] Example 2: Angle Measurement Error and Calculation Time of Broadband Array Signals Considering two far-field broadband uncorrelated BPSK signals respectively from... An incident 10-element uniform linear array was used, with the 5th and 6th elements assumed to be calibrated. The input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) varied from -10dB to 10dB, and the frequency domain snapshot number was set to 100, with other simulation conditions remaining unchanged. The results are shown in Figure 3. Then, the SNR was set to 0dB, and the frequency domain snapshot number varied from 10 to 500. The simulation results are shown in Figure 4, and the computation time is shown in Figure 5, with the snapshot number varying from 10 to 100 while other conditions remained unchanged.
[0029] As can be seen from Figures 3, 4, and 5, the method proposed in this invention has the highest angle measurement accuracy under given simulation conditions, and the fastest computation speed when the number of frequency domain snapshots is less than 100. Liao's method has high accuracy at certain angles, but the angle measurement results are unstable due to the influence of spurious peaks. CSM and OGSBL, on the other hand, have poor performance, indicating that they are difficult to directly use for angle measurement under amplitude and phase error environments.
[0030] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in FIG1.
[0031] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.
[0032] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.
[0033] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.
[0034] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.
[0035] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
[0036] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A fast angle measurement method for broadband signals based on a partially calibrated array, characterized in that, include: A broadband array receiving signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions is constructed; based on the broadband array receiving signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions, the receiving signal of a portion of the calibration array is calibrated to obtain the calibrated receiving signal; a coarse estimate is made on the calibrated receiving signal to obtain a coarse estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal; a linear search strategy is used to perform a fine estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal to obtain a precise estimate of the angle of the broadband signal.
2. The broadband signal fast angle measurement method based on a partial calibration array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions is as follows: ;in, For array to receive signals, For broadband signals The frequency corresponding to each frequency component For frequency The corresponding channel amplitude and phase error matrix, For array manifold matrix, The incident angle of the signal received by the array. The center frequency of the broadband signal. For broadband incident signals at frequency The amount on, It is non-uniform Gaussian noise.
3. The broadband signal fast angle measurement method based on a partial calibration array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration of the received signal of the partial calibration array includes: for the partial calibration array, assuming the first... The first channel and the first Each channel has been calibrated at each frequency point, then The calculation array receives the signal at a frequency of covariance matrix at ;in Let the source signal covariance matrix be denoted as ; for the covariance matrix, define the matrix . for , its first Line number Column elements are calculated as Then the matrix With all diagonal elements equal, the first element in the covariance matrix will be... Line number Column elements are denoted as For the two calibrated channels, there are For other uncalibrated channels, there are Then there is The frequency domain snapshot number is constructed by piecewise Fourier transform. The broadband received signal is denoted as Then the covariance matrix is obtained through the sampling matrix. for ;use and The estimated value of the amplitude and phase error vector is obtained. ,in express The Line number Column elements; based on amplitude and phase error estimation results The received signals at each frequency point are calibrated.
4. The broadband signal fast angle measurement method based on a partial calibration array according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calibration of the received signals at each frequency point includes ， This is the calibrated received signal.
5. The broadband signal fast angle measurement method based on a partial calibration array according to claim 4, characterized in that, The coarse estimation of the calibrated received signal includes: The covariance matrix is denoted as ,right The mean of the diagonal elements is calculated to reconstruct the uniform noise, resulting in a new covariance matrix. ;right The focusing matrix is represented as ;right Performing singular value decomposition yields a particular solution to the focusing matrix, denoted as: ,in yes The left singular vector; for The right singular vector, The reference frequency point is used; the covariance matrix after focusing is expressed as follows: ,right Eigenvalue decomposition yields ,in and These are the eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors; the eigenvector matrix corresponding to the smaller eigenvalues is denoted as... For a broadband signal incident from any direction, the DOA estimate is obtained through the following spectral peak search: ， For the grid angle of the iterative search, for At the reference frequency point The corresponding search guidance vector.
6. The broadband signal fast angle measurement method based on a partial calibration array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The precise angle estimation includes: using a coarse grid to... Perform a peak search to obtain a rough estimate. ;use A linear search is performed to obtain a precise estimate of the angle; where, ， ， ,for exist The first partial derivative at that point, for exist The first partial derivative at that point, for The eigenvector matrix corresponding to the smallest eigenvalues.
7. A broadband signal fast angle measurement system based on a partially calibrated array, characterized in that, include: The first module constructs a broadband array receiving signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions; The second module calibrates the received signal of a portion of the calibration array based on the broadband array received signal model under the amplitude and phase error environment, and obtains the calibrated received signal. The third module performs a coarse estimation of the calibrated received signal to obtain a coarse estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal; the fourth module uses a linear search strategy to perform a fine estimation of the angle of the broadband signal using the coarse estimate of the incident angle of the broadband signal to obtain a precise estimate of the angle of the broadband signal.
8. A broadband signal fast angle measurement system based on a partial calibration array according to claim 7, characterized in that, The broadband array received signal model under amplitude and phase error conditions is as follows: ;in, For array to receive signals, For broadband signals The frequency corresponding to each frequency component For frequency The corresponding channel amplitude and phase error matrix, For array manifold matrix, The incident angle of the signal received by the array. The center frequency of the broadband signal. For broadband incident signals at frequency The amount on, The noise is non-uniform Gaussian noise; the calibration of the received signal of the partial calibration array includes: for the partial calibration array, assuming the first... The first channel and the first Each channel has been calibrated at each frequency point, then The calculation array receives the signal at a frequency of covariance matrix at ;in Let the source signal covariance matrix be denoted as ; for the covariance matrix, define the matrix . for , its first Line number Column elements are calculated as Then the matrix With all diagonal elements equal, the first element in the covariance matrix will be... Line number Column elements are denoted as For the two calibrated channels, there are For other uncalibrated channels, there are Then there is The frequency domain snapshot number is constructed by piecewise Fourier transform. The broadband received signal is denoted as Then the covariance matrix is obtained through the sampling matrix. for ;use and The estimated value of the amplitude and phase error vector is obtained. ,in express The Line number Column elements; based on amplitude and phase error estimation results The received signals at each frequency point are calibrated; the calibration of the received signals at each frequency point includes... ， The received signal is calibrated; the coarse estimation of the calibrated received signal includes: The covariance matrix is denoted as ,right The mean of the diagonal elements is calculated to reconstruct the uniform noise, resulting in a new covariance matrix. ;right The focusing matrix is represented as ;right Performing singular value decomposition yields a particular solution to the focusing matrix, denoted as: ,in yes The left singular vector; yes The right singular vector, The reference frequency point is used; the covariance matrix after focusing is expressed as follows: ,right Eigenvalue decomposition yields ,in and These are the eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors; the eigenvector matrix corresponding to the smaller eigenvalues is denoted as... For a broadband signal incident from any direction, the DOA estimate is obtained through the following spectral peak search: ， For the grid angle of the iterative search, for At the reference frequency point The corresponding search guidance vector; the precise angle estimation includes: using a coarse grid to... Perform a peak search to obtain a rough estimate. ;use A linear search is performed to obtain a precise estimate of the angle; where, ， ， ,for exist The first partial derivative at that point, for exist The first partial derivative at that point, for The eigenvector matrix corresponding to the smallest eigenvalues.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A broadband signal rapid angle measurement device based on a partially calibrated array, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.